Single battery, battery pack and electric equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a single battery, a battery pack and electric equipment, and belongs to the technical field of batteries. The single battery comprises a shell, an electrode assembly and an anti-explosion valve, wherein the shell is provided with a containing cavity; the electrode assembly is arranged in the accommodating cavity; the cover plate assembly comprises a cover plate body and a partition plate, the partition plate is arranged on the side, close to the electrode assembly, of the cover plate body and covers the containing cavity together with the cover plate body, the partition plate and the cover plate body are connected to define an exhaust hole, the exhaust hole is located outside the containing cavity, and the partition plate is provided with an anti-explosion hole; the anti-explosion valve is arranged on the partition plate and covers the anti-explosion hole, and when the anti-explosion valve is broken, the anti-explosion hole is communicated with the containing cavity and the exhaust hole. The side, facing the electrode assembly, of the cover plate body defines the exhaust hole located outside the containing cavity through the partition plate, the anti-explosion valve is arranged on the partition plate and covers the anti-explosion hole, when the anti-explosion valve is broken, the anti-explosion hole communicates with the containing cavity and the exhaust hole, the exhaust direction when the anti-explosion valve is broken is changed, and the anti-explosion effect is improved. And the lead of the anti-explosion valve port is prevented from being influenced when the anti-explosion valve is broken.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of batteries, and particularly relates to a single battery, a battery pack and an electric device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The explosion-proof valve mainly adopts the methods of scoring and welding an explosion-proof film as an explosion-proof device. When the internal expansion of the battery cell is heated and the pressure reaches a certain degree, the score or the explosion-proof film is un-welded, broken or deflated to release pressure, thereby preventing the battery cell from exploding. However, when the explosion-proof valve is blown due to excessive internal pressure of the battery cell, the lead wire at the valve port is easily affected, which may cause the lead wire to be broken or damaged, thereby affecting the normal use of the battery pack in which the battery cell is located. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0003] The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that the lead wire at the valve port is affected when the explosion-proof valve is blown due to excessive internal pressure of the battery cell, which may cause the lead wire to be broken or damaged.

[0004] TECHNICAL SCHEME: The embodiment of the application provides a single battery, which comprises:

[0005] a shell having a containing cavity;

[0006] an electrode assembly arranged in the containing cavity;

[0007] a cover plate assembly comprising a cover plate body and a partition plate, the partition plate being arranged on the side of the cover plate body close to the electrode assembly and jointly covering and sealing the containing cavity with the cover plate body, the partition plate and the cover plate body being connected to enclose an exhaust hole, the exhaust hole being located outside the containing cavity, and the partition plate having an explosion-proof hole;

[0008] an explosion-proof valve arranged on the partition plate and covering the explosion-proof hole, the explosion-proof valve being arranged to be broken, so that the explosion-proof hole is in communication with the containing cavity and the exhaust hole.

[0009] In some embodiments, the side of the shell facing the cover plate assembly has a first groove and a second groove in the thickness direction of the battery, and the partition plate is connected to the shell through embedded cooperation with the first groove and the second groove.

[0010] In some embodiments, the partition plate comprises a first connecting portion, a second connecting portion and a main body portion, the main body portion is connected to the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion respectively, the side of the first connecting portion away from the main body portion and the side of the second connecting portion away from the main body portion are connected to the cover plate body, the explosion-proof hole is arranged on the main body portion, and the main body portion is parallel to the cover plate body.

[0011] In some embodiments, along the length direction of the battery, the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are connected to the cover plate body at positions having a first size D, and the explosion-proof hole has a second size L, and D is greater than or equal to L.

[0012] In some embodiments, the vent hole has a third dimension H along the width direction of the battery, and H satisfies H≥L / 2.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are both inclined to the width direction of the battery.

[0014] The application also provides a battery pack comprising the single battery as in the above embodiments.

[0015] In some embodiments, the battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries, and the vent holes corresponding to each single battery are communicated with each other along the thickness direction of the battery to form an exhaust channel.

[0016] In some embodiments, the battery pack further comprises a wire harness arranged on the side of the cover plate body away from the partition plate.

[0017] The application also provides an electric device comprising the single battery as in the above embodiments or the battery pack as in the above embodiments.

[0018] Advantages: The application provides a single battery, which comprises a shell, an electrode assembly, and an explosion-proof valve. The shell has a receiving cavity. The electrode assembly is arranged in the receiving cavity. A cover plate assembly comprises a cover plate body and a partition plate. The partition plate is arranged on the side of the cover plate body close to the electrode assembly and jointly covers the receiving cavity with the cover plate body. The partition plate and the cover plate body are connected to enclose a vent hole. The vent hole is located outside the receiving cavity. The partition plate has an explosion-proof hole. The explosion-proof valve is arranged on the partition plate and covers the explosion-proof hole. When the explosion-proof valve is broken, the explosion-proof hole is communicated with the receiving cavity and the vent hole. The application encloses the vent hole located outside the receiving cavity through the partition plate on the side of the cover plate body facing the electrode assembly. The explosion-proof valve is arranged on the partition plate and covers the explosion-proof hole. When the explosion-proof valve is broken, the explosion-proof hole is communicated with the receiving cavity and the vent hole. The exhaust direction when the explosion-proof valve is broken is changed, and the wire at the explosion-proof valve port is prevented from being affected when the explosion-proof valve is broken.

[0019] The application also provides a single battery comprising the single battery as in the above embodiments. Therefore, the battery pack can have all the technical features and advantages of the above battery, which will not be repeated here.

[0020] The application also provides an electric device comprising the single battery or the battery pack as in the above embodiments. Therefore, the electric device can have all the technical features and advantages of the above battery or battery pack, which will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and all other drawings obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the drawings are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0022] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a single battery according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a cover plate assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a single battery according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] The drawings show that: 10, a housing; 11, a containing cavity; 12, a first groove; 13, a second groove; 20, an electrode assembly; 30, a cover plate assembly; 31, a cover plate body; 32, a partition plate; 321, a first connecting part; 322, a second connecting part; 323, a main body part; 33, an exhaust hole; 34, an explosion-proof hole; 40, an explosion-proof valve; 50, an exhaust passage; 60, a wire harness; X, a thickness direction; Y, a length direction; Z, a width direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0028] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can be explicitly or implicitly included one or more features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, at least one of which can be one, two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0029] It should be noted that in the drawings of the present application, the arrow marked X indicates the width direction, the arrow marked Y indicates the length direction, and the arrow marked Z indicates the thickness direction. In the description of the present application, the width direction, the length direction and the thickness direction are introduced to more clearly define the structure and relative positional relationship of the components in the single battery, the battery pack and the electrical equipment. In actual implementation, the width direction, the length direction and the thickness direction intersect each other. Alternatively, the width direction, the length direction and the thickness direction are perpendicular to each other to optimize the layout of the single battery, the battery pack and the electrical equipment. In the description of the present application, "perpendicular" means completely perpendicular at 90° or almost completely perpendicular, for example, within the range of 80°-100°, it is considered as perpendicular. Similarly, "parallel" means completely parallel or almost completely parallel, for example, within the range of 10° of complete parallel, it is considered as parallel.

[0030] As a prologue of the embodiments of the present application, with the continuous development of new energy vehicle technology, the safety problem of power battery has become the focus of the new energy industry, and the explosion and thermal runaway of the battery cell are one of the most worrying problems. At present, in order to prevent the internal expansion of the battery cell due to temperature rise, a relief valve is arranged on the battery cell. When the internal pressure of the battery cell increases to a certain extent, the relief valve will break and release pressure to prevent the battery cell from exploding. However, the current new energy vehicle power battery mainly uses methods such as notching and welding a relief film as a relief device. The relief valve is located on the battery cell, and when the battery cell is assembled in the battery pack, due to the small space, the voltage and temperature collection communication lines of the battery cell and the power lines or other wires of the battery management system must inevitably pass above the relief valve. When the relief valve bursts due to excessive internal pressure of the battery cell, these wire harnesses are easily broken by the relief valve piece or the gas generated by the battery cell, causing the battery management system to not work normally and the abnormal failure to be monitored.

[0031] Therefore, the single battery provided by the embodiments of the present application aims to solve at least one of the above technical problems.

[0032] As shown in Figures 1 to 3 The single battery provided by the embodiments of the present application includes a shell 10 having a receiving cavity 11, an electrode assembly 20 arranged in the receiving cavity 11, and a cover plate assembly 30 including a cover plate body 31 and a partition plate 32. The partition plate 32 is arranged on the side of the cover plate body 31 close to the electrode assembly 20 and jointly covers and seals the receiving cavity 11 together with the cover plate body 31. The partition plate 32 is connected with the cover plate body 31 to enclose an exhaust hole 33. The exhaust hole 33 is located outside the receiving cavity 11. The partition plate 32 has an explosion-proof hole 34. An explosion-proof valve 40 is arranged on the partition plate 32 and covers the explosion-proof hole 34. When the explosion-proof valve 40 is broken, the explosion-proof hole 34 is in communication with the receiving cavity 11 and the exhaust hole 33.

[0033] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of the present application, the side of the cover plate body 31 facing the electrode assembly 20 is enclosed by the partition plate 32 to form the exhaust hole 33 located outside the receiving cavity 11. The explosion-proof valve 40 is arranged on the partition plate 32 and covers the explosion-proof hole 34. When the explosion-proof valve 40 is broken, the explosion-proof hole 34 is in communication with the receiving cavity 11 and the exhaust hole 33. The direction of exhaust when the explosion-proof valve 40 is broken is changed. The wires at the opening of the explosion-proof valve 40 are prevented from being affected when the explosion-proof valve 40 is broken. The safety of the battery explosion is improved. Furthermore, the explosion-proof hole 34 is arranged on the partition plate 32 on the side of the cover plate body 31 facing the electrode assembly 20. When the explosion-proof valve 40 is broken, the gas generated by the explosion-proof valve 40 or the battery is blocked by the cover plate body 31. The wires on the side of the cover plate body 31 away from the partition plate 32 are protected. Thus, by changing the cover plate structure covering the receiving cavity 11, a safe space is formed when the explosion-proof valve 40 is broken. The pressure relief when the explosion-proof valve 40 is broken is not affected. The communication and collection wire harness 60 above is effectively protected from being broken and other influences.

[0034] As shown in Figure 3 In some embodiments, the side of the shell 10 facing the cover plate assembly 30 has a first recess 12 and a second recess 13 in the thickness direction X of the battery. The partition plate 32 is connected with the shell 10 by being fitted into the first recess 12 and the second recess 13.

[0035] It should be understood that the side of the shell 10 facing the cover plate assembly 30 has the first recess 12 and the second recess 13 which are the avoiding structures for the partition plate 32. The partition plate 32 can be fitted into these recesses to be connected with the shell 10. The stability and fixity of the partition plate 32 are ensured. The space is saved. The overall size can be more compact.

[0036] As shown in Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the partition plate 32 includes a first connecting portion 321, a second connecting portion 322, and a main body portion 323 connected with the first connecting portion 321 and the second connecting portion 322 respectively, the side of the first connecting portion 321 away from the main body portion 323 and the side of the second connecting portion 322 away from the main body portion 323 are connected with the cover plate body 31, the explosion-proof hole 34 is arranged on the main body portion 323, and the main body portion 323 is parallel to the cover plate body 31.

[0037] It should be understood that the first connecting portion 321, the second connecting portion 322, and the main body portion 323 are parallel to the cover plate body 31 to enclose the exhaust hole 33, the exhaust hole 33 is communicated in the thickness direction X of the battery, and when the explosion-proof valve 40 is broken, the gas can be discharged through both sides of the exhaust hole 33, the gas or pressure generated in the containing cavity 11 can be quickly discharged, and the risk of battery explosion or leakage is reduced; in addition, the explosion-proof hole 34 is arranged on the main body portion 323, the main body portion 323 is parallel to the cover plate body 31, and the space utilization efficiency is improved.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the first connecting portion 321 and the second connecting portion 322 are inclined to the width direction Z of the battery. It should be understood that the first connecting portion 321 and the second connecting portion 322 are arranged obliquely, which can effectively increase the exhaust area of the exhaust hole 33. The larger exhaust area can discharge the gas or pressure generated in the battery faster, improve the exhaust efficiency, and thus reduce the risk of battery explosion or leakage. The oblique arrangement can also reduce the space occupancy rate of the connecting portion in the width direction Z of the battery, so that other parts of the battery can obtain more free positions, which helps to improve the design flexibility and space utilization efficiency of the battery.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, along the length direction Y of the battery, the first connecting portion 321 and the second connecting portion 322 have a first size D between the position connected with the cover plate body 31 and the position connected with the cover plate body 31, and the explosion-proof hole 34 has a second size L, and D≥L is satisfied. It should be understood that along the length direction Y of the battery, the first connecting portion 321 and the second connecting portion 322 have a first size D between the position connected with the cover plate body 31 and the position connected with the cover plate body 31, which is greater than or equal to the second size L of the explosion-proof hole 34, so that the size of the exhaust hole 33 in the length direction Y of the battery is sufficient, and thus the larger exhaust area of the exhaust hole 33 is realized, the exhaust efficiency is improved, and thus the risk of battery explosion or leakage is reduced, which helps to enhance the safety and reliability of the battery.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, along the width direction Z of the battery, the exhaust hole 33 has a third size H, satisfying H≥L / 2. It needs to be understood that, along the width direction Z of the battery, the exhaust hole 33 has a third size H greater than or equal to half of the second size L of the explosion-proof hole 34, so that the size of the exhaust hole 33 is sufficient in the width direction Z of the battery; in addition, in combination with the first size D between the position where the first connecting part 321 is connected with the cover plate body 31 and the position where the second connecting part 322 is connected with the cover plate body 31, which is greater than or equal to the second size L of the explosion-proof hole 34, so that the exhaust area at both ends of the exhaust hole 33 is not less than the area of the explosion-proof hole 34, thereby facilitating the exhaust when the explosion-proof valve 40 is broken, without being limited by the narrow channel. Moreover, the first connecting part 321 and the second connecting part 322 are both inclined to the width direction Z of the battery, that is, the space utilization is improved, and more space for exhaust is provided, thereby improving the exhaust efficiency.

[0041] The application also provides a single battery, which comprises the single battery in the above-mentioned embodiments. It can be understood that the battery pack can have all the technical features and beneficial effects of the above-mentioned battery, which will not be repeated here.

[0042] As shown in Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries, and the exhaust holes 33 corresponding to each single battery are communicated with each other along the thickness direction X of the battery to form an exhaust channel 50. It needs to be understood that the exhaust holes 33 corresponding to each single battery are communicated with each other along the thickness direction X of the battery to form an exhaust channel 50, and through the exhaust channel 50, the gas or pressure can flow freely between each single battery in the battery pack, thereby realizing effective exhaust. When the gas or pressure is generated inside the battery, they can be quickly exhausted through the exhaust channel 50, reducing the accumulation of internal pressure and reducing the risk of battery explosion or leakage. Moreover, the exhaust channel 50 is formed along the thickness direction X of the battery, avoiding unnecessary influence on the wire harness 60 in the battery pack.

[0043] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the battery pack further comprises a wire harness 60, which is arranged on the side of the cover plate body 31 away from the partition plate 32. It needs to be understood that the wire harness 60 in the battery pack comprises voltage, temperature acquisition communication lines and power supply lines or other conductive lines of the battery management system, and the wire harness 60 is arranged on the side of the cover plate body 31 away from the partition plate 32, avoiding the exhaust outlet of the exhaust channel 50, avoiding the influence of the gas or pressure generated inside the battery on the wire harness 60, so that the wire harness 60 can be better protected, improving the safety and reliability of the wire harness 60; moreover, by arranging the wire harness 60 on the side of the cover plate body 31 away from the partition plate 32, more space can be left for the exhaust channel 50 and other components, thereby improving the space utilization efficiency.

[0044] The application also provides a power utilization device comprising the single battery or the battery pack in the above embodiments. The battery or the battery pack is used to supply power for the power utilization device, which can be a new energy automobile, a computer, a power storage power supply device, and various types of devices. It can be understood that the power utilization device can have all the technical features and beneficial effects of the above battery or battery pack, which will not be described here.

[0045] The above describes in detail a single battery, a battery pack, and a power utilization device provided by the embodiments of the application, and the principles and implementation manners of the application are described by using specific examples. The above embodiment descriptions are only used to help understand the technical solutions and core ideas of the application; those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments can be modified, or some technical features can be replaced equivalently; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application.

Claims

1. A single-cell battery, characterized in that, include: The shell has a receiving cavity; The electrode assembly is disposed within the receiving cavity; A cover plate assembly includes a cover plate body and a partition plate. The partition plate is disposed on the side of the cover plate body near the electrode assembly and together with the cover plate body, covers the receiving cavity. The partition plate and the cover plate body are connected to form an exhaust port, which is located outside the receiving cavity. The partition plate has an explosion-proof hole. An explosion-proof valve is disposed on the partition and covers the explosion-proof hole. When the explosion-proof valve is configured as a rupture valve, the explosion-proof hole connects the receiving cavity and the vent hole.

2. The single-cell battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing has a first groove and a second groove on the side facing the cover assembly in the thickness direction of the battery, and the separator is connected to the housing by fitting into the first groove and the second groove.

3. The single-cell battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The partition includes a first connecting part, a second connecting part, and a main body. The main body is connected to the first connecting part and the second connecting part, respectively. The side of the first connecting part away from the main body and the side of the second connecting part away from the main body are connected to the cover plate body. The explosion-proof hole is provided on the main body. The main body is parallel to the cover plate body.

4. The single-cell battery according to claim 3, characterized in that, Along the length of the battery, there is a first dimension D between the position where the first connecting part is connected to the cover body and the position where the second connecting part is connected to the cover body, and the explosion-proof hole has a second dimension L, satisfying D≥L.

5. The single-cell battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, Along the width direction of the battery, the vent has a third dimension H, satisfying H≥L / 2.

6. The single-cell battery according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are inclined in the width direction of the battery.

7. A battery pack, characterized in that, Includes a single cell battery as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 above.

8. The battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that, It includes multiple individual cells, and the vent holes corresponding to each individual cell are interconnected along the thickness direction of the cell to form an venting channel.

9. The battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a wiring harness, which is laid on the side of the cover plate body away from the partition.

10. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, It includes a single battery cell as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, or a battery pack as described in any one of claims 7 to 9.

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