Quick charging and discharging switching device, charging system and charging pile

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rapid charging and discharging switching device, a charging system and a charging pile, which adopt a modular design that a plurality of groups of power supply modules are combined with a plurality of power distribution units (PDU), respectively manage positive and negative outputs of the power supply module groups through a positive pole PDU and a negative pole PDU, and are equipped with a plurality of control panels IMPDU to realize distributed control. And the main controller IMSU-X is used for uniformly coordinating and scheduling. According to the technical scheme, independent control over the positive PDU and the negative PDU is achieved through the multiple control panel IMPDUs, and the problem that a traditional centralized control system breaks down due to a single-point fault is solved. When any PDU or IMPDU board breaks down, the fault module can be replaced independently without shutdown for maintenance (the maintenance difficulty is reduced), and therefore the stability and the maintenance convenience of the system are improved. Besides, through communication between the main controller IMSU-X and each control panel IMPDU, dynamic power distribution and switching control of the charging guns to the power supply module are realized, power can be flexibly distributed according to different charging requirements, and full-power-section intelligent scheduling of the multiple charging guns is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of charging technology, and in particular to a fast charging and discharging switching device, a charging system and a charging pile. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of new energy vehicle charging, full-matrix charging pile technology has become an important solution for efficient and flexible power supply. A full-matrix charging system combines multiple power modules and can flexibly schedule them according to charging demand, achieving efficient charging for different charging terminals. However, existing full-matrix charging piles generally adopt a centralized control architecture, that is, using a single centralized controller to uniformly schedule all power modules and charging terminals, which has the following defects and shortcomings:

[0003] First, in a centralized control architecture, the centralized controller undertakes the scheduling and control of all power modules. This results in numerous interfaces and complex control links, which are detrimental to maintenance and prone to overall failures, potentially leading to system paralysis, interruption of charging functionality, and low reliability. Second, existing systems have poor power scalability. Traditional centralized control full-matrix charging systems use fixed power module designs, with system power typically expanded in units of fixed modules. This makes it difficult to dynamically adjust the output power granularity as needed, failing to meet flexible and precise power allocation for different charging demands and reducing the system's energy efficiency ratio. Third, the structure of the centralized control system leads to high control complexity. In multi-charging gun applications, the centralized controller needs to independently control each module. As the number of modules and charging gun positions increases, the controller's computational burden increases, wiring becomes more complex, the overall system structure becomes bulky, and hardware and maintenance costs increase significantly. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main purpose of this utility model is to provide a fast charging and discharging switching device and a charging pile, so as to at least solve the technical problem of high maintenance difficulty when the full matrix charging system fails in related technologies.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A first aspect of this utility model provides a fast charge / discharge switching device, the fast charge / discharge switching device comprising:

[0007] Multiple power modules, each of which is equipped with a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal;

[0008] Multiple power distribution units (PDUs) are provided, each PDU including a positive PDU and a negative PDU. The positive PDU is connected to the positive output terminal of the corresponding power module group, and the negative PDU is connected to the negative output terminal of the corresponding power module group.

[0009] Multiple control boards (IMPDUs) are provided, each of which is used to control one of the positive PDUs or one of the negative PDUs.

[0010] A main controller IMSU-X communicates with the control board IMPDU and is used to control the dynamic power distribution and switching control of the charging gun to each group of power modules.

[0011] Based on the first aspect, the multiple power modules include a first power module group and a second power module group.

[0012] The input terminal of the first power module group is used to receive a first AC input signal, and the input terminal of the second power module group is used to receive a second AC input signal.

[0013] The positive and negative output terminals of the first power module group are connected to the corresponding positive and negative PDUs, respectively, and the positive and negative output terminals of the second power module group are connected to the corresponding positive and negative PDUs, respectively.

[0014] Based on the first aspect, the fast charge / discharge switching device further includes a first set of AC contactors and a second set of AC contactors;

[0015] The input terminal of the first power module group is electrically connected to the first group of AC contactors and is used to receive the first AC signal transmitted by the first group of AC contactors.

[0016] The input terminal of the second power module group is electrically connected to the second group of AC contactors and is used to receive the second AC signal transmitted by the second group of AC contactors.

[0017] Based on the first aspect, the first power module group includes a first group of power modules and a second group of power modules, and the second power module group includes a third group of power modules and a fourth group of power modules.

[0018] The first group of power modules contains four power modules, the second group of power modules contains four power modules, the third group of power modules contains four power modules, and the fourth group of power modules contains four power modules.

[0019] Based on the first aspect, the four power modules in the first group of power modules are used to connect to a positive PDU and a negative PDU of a corresponding power distribution unit (PDU).

[0020] The four power modules in the second group of power modules are used to connect to one positive PDU and one negative PDU of a corresponding power distribution unit (PDU).

[0021] The four power modules in the third group of power modules are used to connect to one positive PDU and one negative PDU of a corresponding power distribution unit (PDU).

[0022] The four power modules in the fourth group of power modules are used to connect to one positive PDU and one negative PDU of a corresponding power distribution unit (PDU).

[0023] Each power module is connected to a different power distribution unit (PDU).

[0024] Based on the first aspect, the first group of AC contactors includes multiple AC contactors, each of which is equipped with a control coil for implementing input-side power isolation and switching control functions.

[0025] Based on the first aspect, the main controller IMSU-X communicates with the control board IMPDU via a CAN bus.

[0026] Based on the first aspect, the control board IMPDU realizes the synchronous switching of positive and negative PDUs through the CAN bus communication;

[0027] The IMSU-X main controller is used to dynamically control the switching of power modules and power distribution based on the charging demand fed back by the charging gun.

[0028] A second aspect of this utility model provides a charging system, including a main system and a fast charge / discharge switching device as described in the first aspect.

[0029] A third aspect of this utility model provides a charging pile, including a charging pile body and a fast charging and discharging switching device as described in the first aspect.

[0030] This invention relates to a fast charging / discharging switching device, charging system, and charging pile. It employs a modular design combining multiple power modules and multiple power distribution units (PDUs). Positive and negative PDUs manage the positive and negative outputs of the power module group respectively, and multiple control boards (IMPDUs) enable distributed control, which is then coordinated and scheduled by the main controller IMSU-X. This technical solution achieves independent control of the positive and negative PDUs through multiple control boards (IMPDUs), avoiding the system-wide paralysis caused by single-point failures in traditional centralized control systems. When any PDU or IMPDU board fails, the faulty module can be replaced individually without downtime for repair (reducing maintenance difficulty), thereby improving system stability and ease of maintenance. Furthermore, communication between the main controller IMSU-X and each control board (IMPDU) enables dynamic power allocation and switching control of the power modules by the charging guns. This allows for flexible power allocation according to different charging needs, achieving intelligent scheduling of multiple charging guns across the entire power range. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall frame of the fast charge / discharge switching device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the first part of the internal circuit connection of the fast charge / discharge switching device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0034] Figure 3 A second schematic diagram of the internal circuit connection of the fast charge / discharge switching device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0035] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the third part of the internal circuit connection of the fast charge / discharge switching device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a fourth schematic diagram of the internal circuit connection of the fast charge / discharge switching device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0038] It should be noted that related terms such as "first" and "second" can be used to describe various components, but these terms do not limit the component. These terms are only used to distinguish one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of this utility model, the first component can be referred to as the second component, and the second component can similarly be referred to as the first component. The term "and / or" refers to any one or more combinations of related and descriptive terms.

[0039] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 This application provides a fast charge / discharge switching device, which includes multiple power modules 12, multiple power distribution units 13, multiple control boards 14, and a main controller IMSU-X15 connected in sequence.

[0040] The following describes the components of the fast charge / discharge switching device:

[0041] The multiple power modules 12 can be high-efficiency power conversion units. Each power module 12 is equipped with a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal, which output positive and negative DC currents respectively. In addition, it also receives two AC input signals transmitted from two AC input terminals 10 and two sets of AC contactors 11 through its configured input terminals.

[0042] Each power distribution unit (PDU) in the multiple power distribution units (PDU13) includes a positive PDU (e.g., PDU1, PDU3, PDU5, PDU7) and a negative PDU (e.g., PDU2, PDU4, PDU6, PDU8). The positive PDU is connected to the positive output terminal of the corresponding power module group, and the negative PDU is connected to the negative output terminal of the corresponding power module group. Each PDU can supply power to different charging gun channels, enabling flexible power switching between charging guns.

[0043] Multiple control boards IMPDU14 ( Figure 5Each control board (IMPDU) in the multiple IMPDU boards is used to control one of the positive PDUs or one of the negative PDUs. Specifically, the control board IMPDU14 integrates intelligent switching logic control, power feedback, temperature monitoring and other functional modules. By collecting the operating status of the connected PDUs (such as temperature, current, voltage, etc.) and according to the instructions from the upper level, it realizes dynamic adjustment of the PDU switching status and power distribution. In addition, the control board IMPDU14 can interact with the main controller IMSU-X15 for data exchange and control command transmission.

[0044] The single main controller IMSU-X15 serves as the upper-level control unit for the entire fast charge / discharge switching device. It communicates with each control board IMPDU14 via a CAN communication network and is used to control the charging gun. Figure 4 The system utilizes terminals 1, 2, 3, and 4 to dynamically allocate and switch power to each group of power modules. Specifically, the main controller IMSU-X15 dynamically allocates and schedules the power output of each group of power modules based on system configuration, charging requirements, and the load status of the charging gun, and sends control commands to the control board IMPDU14 to trigger the corresponding switching operations. Simultaneously, the main controller IMSU-X15 also features fault monitoring and protection functions. When an abnormality is detected in a power module, PDU, or IMPDU, it can instruct the IMPDU to disconnect the corresponding module or path, achieving isolation of the faulty module and stable system operation. Furthermore, the main controller IMSU-X15 can simultaneously optimize power allocation based on feedback requirements from the charging gun side (such as voltage and current requirements) to ensure efficient operation of the charging gun.

[0045] The fast charge / discharge switching device of this application embodiment achieves independent control of the positive and negative PDUs through multiple control boards IMPDU14, avoiding the problem of overall system paralysis caused by single point of failure in traditional centralized control systems. When any PDU or IMPDU board fails, the faulty module can be replaced individually without downtime for repair (reducing maintenance difficulty), thereby improving system stability and maintenance convenience. In addition, through communication between the main controller IMSU-X15 and each control board IMPDU14, dynamic power allocation and switching control of the charging gun to the power module is realized, which can flexibly allocate power according to different charging needs and realize intelligent scheduling of multiple charging guns across the entire power range.

[0046] In an optional embodiment of this example, the multiple power modules include a first power module group (e.g., Figure 2 The power modules 1 to 8 (a total of 8 power modules) and the second power module group (e.g., Figure 3 (Power modules 9 to 16, a total of 8 power modules).

[0047] Specifically, the input terminal of the first power module group is used to receive the first AC input signal (provided by AC input 1), and the input terminal of the second power module group is used to receive the second AC input signal (provided by AC input 2), so that each of the eight power modules processes a different AC input signal.

[0048] Meanwhile, the positive and negative output terminals of the first power module group are connected to the corresponding positive and negative PDUs, respectively, and the positive and negative output terminals of the second power module group are connected to the corresponding positive and negative PDUs, respectively. This allows each positive and negative PDU to collect the DC positive and negative output currents from the corresponding power module group, and to switch and distribute the current to different charging guns or load terminals according to control commands.

[0049] It should be noted that the number of power modules in this embodiment can be greater than 16. A positive or negative PDU can control more output channels, not limited to four. The number of terminals can be greater than four. The DC contactor in the PDU can be replaced by power devices, such as onboard relays, power IGBTs, MOSFETs, etc.

[0050] In an optional embodiment of this invention, the fast charge / discharge switching device further includes a first set of AC contactors 40. Figure 2 ) and the second set of AC contactors 42 ( Figure 3 ).

[0051] Specifically, the input terminal of the first power module group is electrically connected to the first set of AC contactors and is used to receive the first AC signal transmitted through the first set of AC contactors; and the input terminal of the second power module group is electrically connected to the second set of AC contactors and is used to receive the second AC signal transmitted through the second set of AC contactors. That is, by setting different sets of AC contactors on each input signal path, rapid disconnection is ensured in abnormal situations to cut off the AC power input and ensure system safety.

[0052] In an optional embodiment of this example, the first power module group includes a first group of power modules and a second group of power modules, and the second power module group includes a third group of power modules (and a fourth group of power modules).

[0053] Specifically, the first group of power modules contains four power modules (power modules 1 to 4), the second group contains four power modules (power modules 5 to 8), the third group contains four power modules (power modules 9 to 12), and the fourth group contains four power modules (power modules 13 to 16). That is, this embodiment uses four power modules as a group, and dynamically schedules these four groups, selectively connecting one or more groups to the corresponding charging gun channel to dynamically adjust the output power, thereby improving the overall power distribution flexibility and energy efficiency of the system.

[0054] In an optional embodiment of this example, the four power modules in the first group of power modules are used to connect to one positive PDU (PDU1) and one negative PDU (PDU2) in a corresponding power distribution unit (PDU); the four power modules in the second group of power modules are used to connect to one positive PDU (PDU3) and one negative PDU (PDU4) in a corresponding power distribution unit (PDU); the four power modules in the third group of power modules are used to connect to one positive PDU (PDU5) and one negative PDU (PDU6) in a corresponding power distribution unit (PDU); and the four power modules in the fourth group of power modules are used to connect to one positive PDU (PDU7) and one negative PDU (PDU8) in a corresponding power distribution unit (PDU).

[0055] As can be seen, each power module is connected to a different power distribution unit (PDU). In other words, this embodiment ensures the independence of power scheduling and the flexibility of module control by connecting different power module groups to different power distribution units (one-to-one correspondence between power modules and PDUs).

[0056] In an optional embodiment of this example, the first group of AC contactors includes multiple AC contactors (see [link to example]). Figure 2 There are two AC contactors, each equipped with a control coil (terminals A1 and A2), used to enable the first group of AC contactors to isolate and switch the AC input power of the first power module group (including the first and second power modules). Similarly, the second group of AC contactors includes multiple AC contactors (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 3 There are two AC contactors, each equipped with a control coil, used to realize the input-side power isolation and switching control functions of the second power module group (including the third and fourth power modules).

[0057] In an optional embodiment of this example, the main controller IMSU-X15 communicates with the control board IMPDU14 via a CAN bus.

[0058] Specifically, the control board IMPDU14 achieves synchronous switching of the positive and negative PDUs via CAN bus communication. Upon receiving a switching command from the main controller IMSU-X15, the IMPDU control board 14 can simultaneously control the connected positive and negative PDUs to perform switching actions, ensuring synchronous switching of the positive and negative output channels and avoiding current imbalance or short-circuit risks during power scheduling. Furthermore, the IMSU-X main controller 15 can also dynamically control the switching and power distribution of power modules based on charging requirements (including charging current, voltage, power, and other parameters) fed back from the charging gun.

[0059] This application also provides a charging system, including a main system and a fast charge / discharge switching device as described in the first aspect.

[0060] This application also provides a charging pile, including a charging pile body and a fast charging and discharging switching device as described in the first aspect.

[0061] The fast charge / discharge switching device, charging system, and charging pile in this application embodiment adopt a modular design combining multiple power modules and multiple power distribution units (PDUs). Positive and negative PDUs manage the positive and negative outputs of the power module group respectively, and multiple control boards (IMPDUs) enable distributed control, which is then coordinated and scheduled by the main controller IMSU-X. This technical solution achieves independent control of the positive and negative PDUs through multiple control boards (IMPDUs), avoiding the overall system paralysis caused by single-point failures in traditional centralized control systems. When any PDU or IMPDU board fails, the faulty module can be replaced individually without downtime for repair (reducing maintenance difficulty), thereby improving system stability and maintenance convenience. Furthermore, through communication between the main controller IMSU-X and each control board (IMPDU), dynamic power allocation and switching control of the power modules by the charging guns is achieved, enabling flexible power allocation according to different charging needs and realizing intelligent scheduling of multiple charging guns across the entire power range.

[0062] Meanwhile, this utility model also has the following beneficial effects: 1) Flexible power distribution: Real-time monitoring of load demand and dynamic adjustment of module switching combinations, supporting independent or collaborative operation of 4 charging guns across the full power range (e.g., 40kW-640kW). 2) Efficient heat dissipation management: PDU grouping design combined with a temperature feedback mechanism optimizes heat dissipation paths and reduces the risk of thermal runaway. 3) High reliability: Redundant power modules and intelligent fault isolation technology ensure that the system can still maintain basic charging capacity when a single module fails.

[0063] The specific embodiments of the utility model have been described in detail above, but they are only examples, and the utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent modifications or substitutions to the utility model are also within the scope of the utility model. Therefore, all equivalent transformations, modifications, and improvements made without departing from the spirit and principles of the utility model should be covered within the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A fast charge / discharge switching device, characterized in that, The fast charge / discharge switching device includes: Multiple power modules, each of which is equipped with a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal; Multiple power distribution units (PDUs) are provided, each PDU including a positive PDU and a negative PDU. The positive PDU is connected to the positive output terminal of the corresponding power module group, and the negative PDU is connected to the negative output terminal of the corresponding power module group. Multiple control boards (IMPDUs) are provided, each of which is used to control one of the positive PDUs or one of the negative PDUs. A main controller IMSU-X communicates with the control board IMPDU and is used to control the dynamic power distribution and switching control of the charging gun to each group of power modules.

2. The fast charge / discharge switching device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple power modules include a first power module group and a second power module group; The input terminal of the first power module group is used to receive a first AC input signal, and the input terminal of the second power module group is used to receive a second AC input signal. The positive and negative output terminals of the first power module group are connected to the corresponding positive and negative PDUs, respectively, and the positive and negative output terminals of the second power module group are connected to the corresponding positive and negative PDUs, respectively.

3. The fast charge / discharge switching device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The fast charge / discharge switching device also includes a first set of AC contactors and a second set of AC contactors. The input terminal of the first power module group is electrically connected to the first group of AC contactors and is used to receive the first AC signal transmitted by the first group of AC contactors. The input terminal of the second power module group is electrically connected to the second group of AC contactors and is used to receive the second AC signal transmitted by the second group of AC contactors.

4. The fast charge / discharge switching device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first power module group includes a first group of power modules and a second group of power modules, and the second power module group includes a third group of power modules and a fourth group of power modules. The first group of power modules contains four power modules, the second group of power modules contains four power modules, the third group of power modules contains four power modules, and the fourth group of power modules contains four power modules.

5. The fast charge / discharge switching device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The four power modules in the first group of power modules are used to connect to one positive PDU and one negative PDU of a corresponding power distribution unit (PDU). The four power modules in the second group of power modules are used to connect to one positive PDU and one negative PDU of a corresponding power distribution unit (PDU). The four power modules in the third group of power modules are used to connect to one positive PDU and one negative PDU of a corresponding power distribution unit (PDU). The four power modules in the fourth group of power modules are used to connect to one positive PDU and one negative PDU of a corresponding power distribution unit (PDU). Each power module is connected to a different power distribution unit (PDU).

6. The fast charge / discharge switching device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first group of AC contactors includes multiple AC contactors, each of which is equipped with a control coil for implementing input-side power isolation and switching control functions.

7. The fast charge / discharge switching device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main controller IMSU-X communicates with the control board IMPDU via a CAN bus.

8. The fast charge / discharge switching device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The control board IMPDU achieves synchronous switching of positive and negative PDUs through the CAN bus communication; The IMSU-X main controller is used to dynamically control the switching of power modules and power distribution based on the charging demand fed back by the charging gun.

9. A charging system, characterized in that, It includes the main system and the fast charge / discharge switching device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A charging pile, characterized in that, It includes the charging pile body and the fast charging and discharging switching device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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