Potato digging and screening machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a potato digging and screening machine which comprises a digging device and a screening device, the digging device comprises a digging installation frame and a plurality of conveying idler wheels, the screening device comprises a screening installation frame and a screening roller, the digging installation frame is obliquely arranged, and the screening installation frame is horizontally arranged. The inclined high end of the excavation installation frame is connected with one end of the screening installation frame, the inclined low end of the excavation installation frame is provided with a collecting shovel, the conveying rollers are sequentially connected and annularly connected to the excavation installation frame, and the screening roller is rotationally installed on the upper end face of the screening installation frame and obliquely arranged. A feeding port is formed in the inclined high end of the screening roller, a discharging port is formed in the inclined low end of the screening roller, and screening holes with the hole diameter reduced are formed in the screening roller. Through the digging device and the screening device, integrated work of digging and screening of potatoes can be achieved, and efficiency is high.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to agricultural equipment technical field especially a potato digging and screening machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the agricultural field, the mechanized harvesting rate of potato is less than 32%, and the potato needs to be picked up and selected manually, which has high labor intensity, low production efficiency and high operation cost.

[0003] Although there are harvesting devices in the current market, most of the existing harvesting devices are large machines, which are relatively expensive and not suitable for general farms or rural areas, and the relatively cheap machines can only dig out the potatoes, and the subsequent picking and selection still need manual work.

[0004] The devices on the market are not perfect in terms of potato-soil separation. For example, the device that vibrates during transmission to separate potato and soil needs a long transmission device, which is inconvenient. Another kind of potato-soil separation device is a roller type, which has a large rolling range and is easy to be damaged. The particle size classification of potatoes is usually done manually, and the machines for classifying potatoes are large machines used in large areas of the north, which are not suitable for small farms and individual planting in southern China. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above problems, the utility model adopts the technical scheme:

[0006] A potato digging and screening machine, comprising a digging device and a screening device, the digging device comprising a digging installation frame and a plurality of conveying rollers, the screening device comprising a screening installation frame and a screening roller, the digging installation frame being inclined, the screening installation frame being horizontally arranged, one end of the inclined high part of the digging installation frame being connected to one end of the screening installation frame, a collecting shovel being arranged at one end of the inclined low part of the digging installation frame, the plurality of conveying rollers being connected in sequence and connected in a ring shape on the digging installation frame, the screening roller being rotatably installed on the upper end face of the screening installation frame and being inclined, a feeding port being arranged at one end of the inclined high part of the screening roller, the feeding port being opposite to one end of the inclined high part of the digging installation frame, a discharging port being arranged at one end of the inclined low part of the screening roller, and the circumferential outer wall of the screening roller being provided with screening holes with decreasing hole diameters from high to low along the inclined direction.

[0007] Further, the plurality of conveying rollers are connected by a chain, and the two ends of the digging installation frame are rotatably connected with sprockets matched with the chain.

[0008] Further, the screening installation frame and the digging installation frame are both provided with tires.

[0009] Further, the excavating installation frame is provided with a first driving motor, and the chain wheel is connected with the first driving motor through a first transmission assembly.

[0010] Further, the screening installation frame is provided with a second driving motor, and one end of the screening drum is connected with the second driving motor through a second transmission assembly.

[0011] Further, the excavating installation frame is provided with a guide plate at the end of the high position, and the guide plate is opposite to the feeding port of the screening drum.

[0012] Further, the lower end surface of the screening installation frame is provided with a first collecting assembly, and the first collecting assembly is located below the screening drum.

[0013] Further, the screening installation frame is provided with a second collecting assembly opposite to the discharging port.

[0014] Further, the end surface of the excavating installation frame is provided with a front connector.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0016] 1. The potatoes rotate back and forth in the screening drum and collide with the inner wall of the screening drum, and under the action of friction and inertia, the clods are fully broken and fall off, and potatoes of different sizes fall out of screening holes of different diameters, completing the rapid screening of the potatoes.

[0017] 2. The excavating device and the screening device can realize the integration of potato excavation and screening, and the conveying chain composed of the conveying rollers has a short length, and is convenient and fast to use.

[0018] 3. The screening device has a small size, and can be connected with a power device such as a small tractor suitable for small farms or individual planting through the front connector, and has high adaptability. DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings incorporated into the specification and constituting a part of the specification, show embodiments consistent with the present application, and together with the specification, serve to explain the principles of the application.

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description will be briefly introduced as follows, and obviously, other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0021] Figure 1 The structure of the utility model is shown in the figure;

[0022] Figure 2Structure diagram of excavating device Figure One ;

[0023] Figure 3 Structure diagram of excavating device Figure Two ;

[0024] Figure 4 Structure diagram of excavating device

[0025] Figure 5 Structure diagram of tensioning wheel

[0026] Figure 6 Structure diagram of connecting structure of conveying roller and chain

[0027] Figure 7 Structure diagram of screening device Figure One ;

[0028] Figure 8 Structure diagram of screening device Figure Two ;

[0029] Figure 9 Structure diagram of guide plate

[0030] In the figure

[0031] 1, excavating device; 101, excavating installation frame; 102, conveying roller; 103, collecting shovel; 104, chain; 105, chain wheel; 106, first driving motor; 107, front connector; 108, gearbox; 109, first belt pulley; 1010, first transmission shaft; 1011, second belt pulley; 1012, belt; 1013, tensioning wheel; 1014, guide column; 1015, second transmission shaft; 1016, screen; 1017, transmission rod; 1018, third transmission shaft; 1019, connecting disc; 2, screening device; 201, screening installation frame; 202, screening roller; 203, feeding port; 204, discharging port; 206, screening hole; 207, second driving motor; 208, first collecting assembly; 209, second collecting assembly; 2010, support base; 2011, arc-shaped support; 2012, guide wheel; 2013, speed reducer; 2014, multi-stage gear set; 3, tire; 4, guide plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort belong to the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, technical terms or scientific terms used in the present disclosure shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure belongs. The terms "first", "second", and similar terms used in the present disclosure do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but are used to distinguish different components. The terms "comprise", "include", and similar terms mean that the elements or objects before the terms encompass the elements or objects listed after the terms and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. "Up", "down", "left", "right", and the like are only used to represent relative positional relationships, and when the absolute positions of the described objects are changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.

[0034] Reference Figures 1-9 Embodiment 1 of the utility model shown,

[0035] A potato digging and screening machine, comprising a digging device 1 and a screening device 2, the digging device 1 comprises a digging installation frame 101 and a plurality of conveying rollers 102, the screening device 2 comprises a screening installation frame 201 and a screening roller 202, the digging installation frame 101 is arranged obliquely, the screening installation frame 201 is arranged horizontally, one end of the obliquely high digging installation frame 101 is connected with one end of the screening installation frame 201, one end of the obliquely low digging installation frame 101 is provided with a collecting shovel 103, a plurality of conveying rollers 102 are connected in sequence and connected in a ring shape on the digging installation frame 101, the screening roller 202 is rotatably installed on the upper end face of the screening installation frame 201 and is arranged obliquely, and the oblique angle is 2°-4°, so that the potato can move downward automatically after entering the screening roller 202, and the oblique angle of 2°-4° can prevent the potato from moving too fast, thereby providing sufficient time for the screening of the potato; one end of the obliquely high screening roller 202 is provided with a feeding port 203, the feeding port 203 is opposite to one end of the obliquely high digging installation frame 101, one end of the obliquely low screening roller 202 is provided with a discharging port 204, and the circumferential outer wall of the screening roller 202 is provided with screening holes 206 with decreasing diameters from high to low along the oblique direction.

[0036] The working process of the utility model is: firstly, the shovel 103 is inserted into the ground, then the digging device 1 and the screening device 2 move forward together, in the process of moving forward, the underground potatoes are dug loose, the loosened potatoes are moved to the conveying roller 102 under the guidance of the shovel 103, the conveying roller 102 in ring form can rotate, the dug potatoes are conveyed from the low part of the installation frame 101 to the high part, then the potatoes are moved to the screening roller 202 through the feeding port 204, the screening roller 202 rotates on the screening installation frame 201, the potatoes rotate back and forth in the screening roller 202 and collide with the inner wall of the screening roller 202, under the action of friction and inertia, the clods are fully broken and fall off, and the potatoes of different sizes fall from the screening holes 206 of different diameters, and the screening of the potatoes is completed; some larger diameter potatoes and foreign matters fall from the discharge port 204.

[0037] Specifically, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 6 A plurality of conveying rollers 102 are connected through a chain 104, and both ends of the digging installation frame 101 are rotatably connected with a chain wheel 105 matched with the chain 104. The chain 104 is a prior art, including a chain plate and a chain pin, a protruding connecting plate is arranged on the chain plate, a connecting hole is formed in the end face of the connecting plate, the end of the conveying roller 102 is a gradually changing plane structure, that is, the end of the conveying roller 102 is a plane, and the end plane of the conveying roller 102 is also provided with a connecting hole, the end plane of the conveying roller 102 can be attached to the end face of the connecting plate, and the two connecting holes are coincided, the conveying roller 102 and the connecting plate can be fixedly connected through the existing pin, bolt and the like, so as to ensure the connection stability. The rotation of the chain wheel 105 drives the back and forth rotation of the ring-shaped conveying roller 102, thereby realizing the conveying of the potatoes.

[0038] Specifically, the screening installation frame 201 and the digging installation frame 101 are both provided with tires 3, which facilitate the movement of the digging device 1 and the screening device 2.

[0039] Specific, the upper end surface of the screening installation frame 201 is provided with a support base 2010 for installing the screening drum 202, the support base 2010 is rotatably connected with a guide wheel 2012, the circumferential middle part of the guide wheel 2012 is a concave structure, the circumferential outer wall of the screening drum 202 is provided with a convex ring matched with the concave structure, the convex ring can be clamped in the concave structure of the guide wheel 2012 for limiting the screening drum 202 from moving forward and backward, and the guide wheel 2012 on the support base 2010 is located at the lower end of the screening drum 202 to support the screening drum 202; in addition, since the guide wheel 2012 is rotatably connected, the rotation of the guide wheel 2012 can drive the screening drum 202 to rotate through the action of friction. In the utility model, in order to ensure the transmission efficiency of the guide wheel 2012, a rubber layer is arranged in the concave structure of the guide wheel 2012, the rubber layer has a large friction coefficient, can avoid the problem of slippage when the guide wheel 2012 drives the screening drum 202 to rotate, and the rubber layer also has a certain elasticity, can play a buffering role on the screening drum 202, and ensure the stability of the screening drum when rotating.

[0040] In order to further ensure the stability of the screening drum when rotating, the support base 2010 is connected with an arc-shaped support 2011, the lower end of the arc-shaped support 2011 is fixedly connected with the support base 2010, and the upper end of the arc-shaped support 2011 is provided with the guide wheel 2012 matched with the upper end of the screening drum 202.

[0041] Specific, the excavating installation frame 101 is provided with a first driving motor 106, the chain wheel 105 is connected with the first driving motor 106 through a first transmission assembly, and the rotation of the chain wheel 105 is powered by the first driving motor 106, thereby driving the chain 105 and the conveying roller 102 to rotate.

[0042] As Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the first transmission assembly comprises a gearbox 108, the input end of the gearbox 108 is connected with the output shaft of the first driving motor 106, the output shaft of the gearbox 108 is provided with a first pulley 109, the sprocket wheel 105 rotatably installed at the high tilt of the digging installation frame 101 is also provided with a coaxial first transmission shaft 1010, one end of the first transmission shaft 1010 penetrates through the side of the digging installation frame 101 and is connected with a second pulley 1011, the first pulley 109 and the second pulley 1011 are adapted and connected through a belt 1012; during operation, the first driving motor 106 is used for providing power, the gearbox 108 is used for adjusting the rotating speed and increasing the torque force during rotation, and then the first pulley 109, the belt 1012 and the second pulley 1011 are used to drive the rotation of the sprocket wheel 105, so as to drive the rotation of the conveying roller 102 to convey the potatoes.

[0043] Specifically, the screening installation frame 201 is provided with a second driving motor 207, one end of the screening drum 202 is connected with the second driving motor 207 through a second transmission assembly, and the second driving motor 207 provides power for the rotation of the screening drum 202.

[0044] As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the second transmission assembly comprises a speed reducer 2013 and a multi-stage gear set 2014, the output end of the speed reducer 2013 is connected with the output shaft of the second driving motor 207, the output shaft of the speed reducer 2013 is connected with the multi-stage gear set 2014, the multi-stage gear set 2014 is rotatably connected on the support base 2010 and is adapted with the guide wheels 2012 on the support base 2010. In the utility model, the multi-stage gear set 2014 is a five-stage gear set, that is, five gears are arranged, one of which is connected with the output shaft of the speed reducer 2013, two gears are coaxially connected with the guide wheels 2012 on the support base 2010 respectively, and the other two gears are rotatably connected on the support base 2010 for transmission, and the transmission of the speed reducer 2013 and the multi-stage gear set 2014 can provide power for the rotation of the screening drum 202.

[0045] Specifically, one end of the digging installation frame 101 at the high tilt is provided with a guide plate 4, and the guide plate 4 faces the feeding port 203 of the screening drum 202. When the potatoes are conveyed to the connection position of the digging installation frame 101 and the screening installation frame 201, the guide plate 4 can provide a guide function for the movement of the potatoes, so as to avoid the potatoes from falling from the side. Specifically, as shown in Figure 9As shown, the guide plate 4 comprises a mounting horizontal plate and mounting vertical plates arranged on both sides of the mounting horizontal plate, wherein the mounting horizontal plate is connected with the digging mounting frame 101 through bolt connection; the mounting vertical plates are located at both ends of the conveying roller 102, one end of the mounting vertical plate is in a bent structure, the bent structures of the mounting vertical plates at both ends are oppositely bent, and the end of the bent structure is close to the feeding port 203 of the screening drum 202, and the distance between the ends of the two bent structures is less than the diameter of the feeding port 203, which helps the potatoes to directly fall into the screening drum 202.

[0046] Specifically, the lower end surface of the screening mounting frame 201 is provided with a first collection assembly 208, and the first collection assembly 208 is located below the screening drum 202. In the utility model, the first collection assembly is a collection frame, and three collection frames corresponding to the screening holes 206 are arranged for collecting different sizes of potatoes screened out.

[0047] Specifically, the second collection assembly 209 is arranged at the position opposite to the discharge port 204 of the screening mounting frame 201. In the utility model, the screening drum 202 may not be able to completely screen the potatoes, that is, some larger potatoes and foreign matters cannot be effectively screened, and the second collection assembly 209 can collect the large-diameter potatoes and foreign matters that are not separated, such as Figure 8 As shown, the second collection assembly 209 is an inclined hollow chute, and the end of the hollow chute can be collected by hanging a collection bag.

[0048] Specifically, the end surface of the digging mounting frame 101 is provided with a front connector 107, and the front connector 107 is used for connecting an existing power device such as a tractor to drive the digging device 1 and the screening device 2 to move. Specifically, the front connector 107 can be connected with the power device through bolt connection, and the connection mode is not described in detail as it is a prior art.

[0049] Embodiment 2:

[0050] On the basis of embodiment 1, when the conveying roller 102 rotates, the middle part of the ring is prone to sagging due to the connection, and the rotation is unstable, which affects the conveying of the potatoes. Therefore, a tensioning roller 1013 adapted to the conveying roller 102 is rotationally connected to the middle part of the digging mounting frame 101. The tensioning roller 1013 comprises three tensioning columns, and the circumferential outer wall of the tensioning column can be fitted in the gap in the middle part of the chain 104 to support and tension the chain 104. The tensioning roller 1013 is connected with the first transmission shaft 1010 through the existing transmission chain and transmission wheel, and realizes synchronous rotation with the sprocket 105.

[0051] Embodiment 3:

[0052] The lower end of the excavating installation frame 101 is provided with a guide column 1014, which is rotatably connected to the excavating installation frame 101 and located at both sides of the collecting shovel 103. A second transmission shaft 1015 is rotatably connected to the excavating installation frame 101. The second transmission shaft 1015 is connected to the output shaft of the gearbox 108 through an existing transmission chain and transmission wheel. The end of the second transmission shaft 1015 is further connected to the guide column 1014 through a bevel gear. During the movement of the excavating device 1 for excavating potatoes, the guide column 1014 rotates and pushes the potatoes on both sides to the direction of the conveying roller 102 through the vertical guide bars arranged thereon, so as to avoid the potatoes from being stuck.

[0053] Embodiment 4

[0054] The lower end of the excavating installation frame 101 is provided with a sieve 1016, one end of which is rotatably connected to the lower end surface of the excavating installation frame 101. The other end of the sieve 1016 is rotatably connected to one end of a transmission rod 1017. The upper end of the excavating installation frame 101 is rotatably connected to a third transmission shaft 1018. The third transmission shaft 1018 is connected to the output shaft of the gearbox 108 through a belt wheel and a belt. The end of the third transmission shaft 1018 is provided with a coaxial connecting disc 1019. The other end of the transmission rod 1017 is rotatably connected to the connecting disc 1019 and is eccentrically arranged with the connecting disc 1019. During the process of excavating potatoes, some potatoes will fall off the conveying roller 102 and fall on the sieve 1016. At this time, the third transmission shaft 1018 and the transmission rod 1017 enable the sieve to move up and down reciprocatingly, so as to separate the fallen potatoes from the soil.

[0055] Embodiment 5

[0056] The inner wall of the screening drum 202 is provided with a flexible layer, which can be made of rubber or other materials. When the potatoes are screened and the soil is removed, the flexible layer can reduce the impact force between the potatoes and the screening drum 202, reduce the mechanical damage of the potatoes, and improve the integrity rate of the potatoes.

[0057] The following points need to be explained:

[0058] (1) Unless otherwise defined, the same reference numbers in the embodiments of the disclosure and the drawings represent the same meaning.

[0059] (2) In the drawings of the embodiments of the disclosure, only the structures related to the embodiments of the disclosure are involved, and other structures can be referred to the general design.

[0060] (3) For clarity, components or regions are exaggerated in the drawings used to describe embodiments of the present disclosure. It can be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be "directly" on or under another element, or there can be an intermediate element.

[0061] The above description is merely that of a specific implementation of the present disclosure, but the scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present disclosure, and all such changes or replacements should be encompassed within the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present disclosure should be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A potato lifting and sorting machine characterised in that: The utility model provides a kind of excavating device (1) and screening device (2) including, the excavating device (1) includes excavating installation frame (101) and several conveying rollers (102), the screening device (2) includes screening installation frame (201) and screening drum (202), the excavating installation frame (101) is obliquely arranged, screening installation frame (201) is horizontally arranged, the end of the excavating installation frame (101) is connected with the end of screening installation frame (201) obliquely high, and the end of excavating installation frame (101) obliquely low is equipped with collection shovel (103), and several conveying rollers (102) are sequentially connected and annularly connected on excavating installation frame (101), and the screening drum (202) is rotatably installed on the upper end surface of screening installation frame (201), and is obliquely arranged, and the end of screening drum (202) obliquely high is equipped with feed inlet (203), and feed inlet (203) is opposite the end of excavating installation frame (101) obliquely high, and the end of screening drum (202) obliquely low is equipped with discharge outlet (204), and the circumferential outer wall of screening drum (202) is sequentially provided with screening hole (206) with decreasing aperture from high to low along oblique direction.

2. A potato lifting and sorting machine according to claim 1, characterised in that: Several conveying rollers (102) are connected by chain (104), and both ends of the excavating installation frame (101) are rotatably connected with sprocket (105) matched with the chain (104).

3. A potato lifting and sorting machine according to claim 1, characterised in that: Screening installation frame (201) and excavating installation frame (101) are both provided with tire (3).

4. A potato lifting and sorting machine according to claim 2, characterised in that: The excavating installation frame (101) is provided with first driving motor (106), and the sprocket (105) is connected with the first driving motor (106) by first transmission assembly.

5. A potato digger and sorter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening installation frame (201) is provided with second driving motor (207), and one end of the screening drum (202) is connected with the second driving motor (207) by second transmission assembly.

6. A potato digger and sorter according to claim 2, characterised in that: The end of the excavating installation frame (101) obliquely high is provided with guide plate (4), and the guide plate (4) is opposite the feed inlet (203) of the screening drum (202).

7. A potato digger and sorter according to claim 2, characterised in that: The lower end surface of the screening installation frame (201) is provided with first collection assembly (208), and the first collection assembly (208) is below the screening drum (202).

8. A potato digger and sorter according to claim 2, characterised in that: The screening installation frame (201) is provided with second collection assembly (209) opposite the discharge outlet (204).

9. A potato digger and sorter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end surface of the excavating installation frame (101) is provided with front connector (107).

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