Automatic feeding and discharging device of lathe
By designing an automatic loading and unloading device for lathes, the automatic loading and unloading of bar stock is achieved using transfer components and grippers, solving the problem of time-consuming and labor-intensive manual loading and unloading in the existing technology, improving processing efficiency and reducing costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- KUNSHAN HAOLIHUA METAL PROD CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-14
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, bar stock processing requires manual loading and unloading, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and increases labor costs. In addition, the loading of robotic arms requires pre-positioning, which is costly and inefficient.
An automatic loading and unloading device for a lathe was designed, including a frame, a loading component, a transfer component, and a loading and unloading component. It adopts a transfer component, a horizontal movement component, a vertical movement component, and a rotation component to realize automatic loading and unloading. After being clamped by the gripper and rotated to the appropriate position, it is loaded into the machine tool chuck to complete the automatic loading and unloading.
It achieves automated loading and unloading, has a simple structure, low cost, is applicable to various types of bar stock, improves processing efficiency, and reduces labor costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN224115194U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machine tool technology, specifically to an automatic loading and unloading device for a lathe. Background Technology
[0002] CNC lathes and turning centers are high-precision, high-efficiency automated machine tools. Equipped with multi-station turrets or power turrets, these machines possess a wide range of machining capabilities, capable of processing complex workpieces such as straight cylinders, inclined cylinders, arcs, and various threads, grooves, and worm gears. They also feature linear interpolation, circular interpolation, and various compensation functions, demonstrating excellent economic benefits in the mass production of complex parts.
[0003] In existing technologies, shafts, pins, and other components are all machined from bar stock. This process typically requires manual loading and clamping of the bar stock in a chuck, followed by manual unloading after machining. This is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and increases labor costs. While robotic arms exist for loading, they require pre-positioning the workpiece in a tray before clamping, which is also costly and time-consuming. Utility Model Content
[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides an automatic loading and unloading device for lathes, which has a simple structure, low cost, realizes batch loading and unloading, and effectively reduces labor costs.
[0005] Specifically, this utility model discloses an automatic loading and unloading device for a lathe, comprising:
[0006] frame;
[0007] The feeding assembly, installed on the frame, includes a receiving box, which has a holding cavity for receiving products, a discharge port at the bottom, and a feeding channel on the lower side.
[0008] The transfer assembly includes a transfer block, a side pusher, and a rotating block. The transfer block is mounted on the frame and docks with the feeding channel. The side pusher and the rotating block are mounted on both sides of the transfer block. The side pusher pushes the product into the rotating block.
[0009] The loading and unloading assembly includes a support frame, grippers, and a transfer assembly, wherein the transfer assembly is mounted on the support frame and the grippers are mounted on the transfer assembly.
[0010] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are that it realizes automatic loading and unloading, has a simple structure, low cost, is applicable to loading of various types of bar stock, and effectively improves processing efficiency.
[0011] Furthermore, the transfer assembly includes a horizontal moving assembly, a vertical moving assembly, and a rotating assembly. The horizontal moving assembly is mounted on the support frame and drives the vertical moving assembly to move. The rotating assembly is mounted on the output end of the vertical moving assembly and drives the gripper to rotate.
[0012] The advantage of adopting the above technical solution is that after the gripper holds the workpiece to be processed, it is rotated to a suitable position by the rotating component, and then the workpiece is loaded into the machine tool chuck by the cooperation of the horizontal moving component and the vertical moving component to complete the automatic feeding. After processing is completed, the processed product is taken out by the gripper.
[0013] Furthermore, the transfer block is provided with a receiving groove, the side pusher is connected to a cylinder, the extended end is connected to the side pusher, the side of the transfer block is provided with an insertion groove for the side pusher to pass through, and the other side is provided with a passage hole for the product to pass through.
[0014] The advantage of adopting the above technical solution is that the transfer block is set to receive the workpiece to be processed transported from the feeding line, and then the side pusher pushes the product into the rotating block from the side. The rotating block rotates, making the product into a vertical state.
[0015] Furthermore, the transfer block is equipped with a position sensor.
[0016] The advantage of adopting the above technical solution is that the position sensor can sense the position of the workpiece. Once it is in position, the side pusher pushes the workpiece into the rotating block, which facilitates the next step.
[0017] Furthermore, the rotating block is provided with a fixing groove, which is connected to the through hole, and a rotating cylinder is installed on the side of the rotating block.
[0018] The advantage of adopting the above technical solution is that the fixed groove is set to accommodate the product. After receiving the product, the rotating block rotates under the drive of the rotating cylinder, so that the product to be processed becomes vertical, which is convenient for subsequent gripper clamping.
[0019] Furthermore, a rotating shaft is installed at the bottom of the receiving box, a rotating component is installed on the rotating shaft, a plurality of receiving grooves are evenly arranged on the side of the rotating component, and the top of the rotating component extends into the discharge port.
[0020] The advantage of adopting the above technical solution is that the setting of the rotating part can control the discharge speed. The workpiece to be processed is placed in the receiving box. During the rotation of the rotating shaft, the workpiece to be processed that falls into the receiving groove is rotated out of the receiving box, realizing automatic control of the feeding speed.
[0021] Furthermore, an arc-shaped feeding plate is installed on the side of the rotating component. The upper end of the arc-shaped feeding plate is connected to the discharge port of the receiving box, and the lower end is connected to a horizontal plate, which is connected to the feeding channel.
[0022] The advantage of adopting the above technical solution is that the arc-shaped feeding plate acts as a barrier, preventing the workpiece from falling out during the transfer process in the receiving groove, and then entering the feeding channel for transfer. The structure is simple and realizes automatic feeding.
[0023] Furthermore, the bottom of the container cavity is sloped.
[0024] The advantage of adopting the above technical solution is that the inclined surface allows the workpiece to be processed inside the receiving box to automatically enter the bottom of the receiving box, ensuring smooth automatic feeding.
[0025] Furthermore, the container cavity is provided with a plurality of symmetrically arranged protruding strips, the protruding strips are spaced at the same distance, and insert plates are provided between the protruding strips.
[0026] The advantage of adopting the above technical solution is that when feeding products of different lengths, the width of the loading cavity can be changed by changing the position of the insert plate, which is suitable for automatic feeding of products of different lengths and improves applicability.
[0027] Furthermore, the gripper includes three gripping claws, and a gripping cylinder is mounted on the top of each gripping claw.
[0028] The advantage of adopting the above technical solution is that the clamping cylinder drives the gripper to clamp the product, thereby achieving a transfer function. Attached Figure Description
[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.
[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the automatic loading and unloading device for lathes according to this utility model.
[0031] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the new receiving box of this utility model.
[0032] Figure 3 This is a top view of the receiving box of this utility model.
[0033] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the rotating component of this utility model.
[0034] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the transfer block of this utility model.
[0035] The reference numerals used in the attached figures are as follows:
[0036] Frame 1; Receiving box 2; Filling cavity 21; Discharge port 22; Rotating shaft 23; Rotating component 24; Arc-shaped unloading plate 25; Horizontal plate 26; Receiving groove 27; Feeding channel 3; Transfer block 4; Side push component 41; Rotating block 42; Fixed groove 421; Rotating cylinder 422; Receiving groove 43; Support frame 5; Gripper 51; Horizontal moving assembly 52; Horizontal moving plate 521; Vertical moving assembly 53; Slide rail 531; Vertical moving plate 532; L-shaped plate 533; Slide cylinder 534; Rotating assembly 54; Clamping cylinder 55; Protruding strip 6; Insert plate 61. Detailed Implementation
[0037] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0038] like Figure 1-5 As shown, this utility model discloses an automatic loading and unloading device for a lathe, comprising:
[0039] Rack 1;
[0040] The feeding assembly is installed on the frame 1 and includes a receiving box 2. The receiving box 2 is provided with a holding cavity 21 for receiving products, a discharge port 22 is provided at the bottom, and a feeding channel 3 is provided on the lower side. The feeding channel 3 is a belt conveyor and baffles are installed on both sides.
[0041] The transfer assembly includes a transfer block 4, a side pusher 41, and a rotating block 42. The transfer block 4 is mounted on the frame 1 and docks with the feeding channel 3. The side pusher 41 and the rotating block 42 are mounted on both sides of the transfer block 4. The side pusher 41 pushes the product into the rotating block 42.
[0042] The loading and unloading assembly includes a support frame 5, a gripper 51, and a transfer assembly. The transfer assembly is mounted on the support frame 5, and the gripper 51 is mounted on the transfer assembly.
[0043] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are that it realizes automatic loading and unloading, has a simple structure, low cost, is applicable to loading of various types of bar stock, and effectively improves processing efficiency.
[0044] In some embodiments, the transfer assembly includes a horizontal moving assembly 52, a vertical moving assembly 53, and a rotating assembly 54. The horizontal moving assembly 52 is mounted on the support frame 5 and drives the vertical moving assembly 53 to move. The rotating assembly 54 is mounted on the output end of the vertical moving assembly 53 and drives the gripper 51 to rotate. The horizontal moving assembly 52 is a moving module, which can be a lead screw motor module. The vertical moving assembly 53 is also a lead screw module. The lead screw is vertically mounted on the side of the horizontal moving plate 521. A slide rail 531 is provided on the side of the lead screw. A slider is provided on the slide rail 531. The slider is connected to the vertical moving plate 532. The vertical moving plate 532 moves up and down under the drive of the lead screw. An L-shaped plate 533 is fixed at the bottom of the vertical moving plate 532. A rotary cylinder is installed at the end of the L-shaped plate 533. The rotary cylinder is connected to a slide cylinder 534. The slide cylinder 534 is connected to a clamping cylinder 55. A clamping claw is installed at the end of the clamping cylinder 55. After the gripper 51 clamps the product, the horizontal moving component 52 and the vertical moving component 53 move to the appropriate position. The rotary cylinder rotates the workpiece to be processed to a horizontal state. Then, the slide cylinder 534 extends to send the workpiece into the chuck. The chuck clamps the workpiece, and then processing is performed. After processing, the gripper 51 takes out the product and loads a new product for processing, thus realizing the automation of loading and unloading.
[0045] In some implementations, the transfer block 4 is provided with a receiving groove 43. The transfer block 4 is fixed on the frame 1. The receiving groove 43 is connected to the feeding channel 3 and is arranged along the width direction of the feeding channel 3. The side pusher 41 is connected to a cylinder. The cylinder is fixed to the side of the transfer block 4 and its extended end is connected to the side pusher 41. The side of the transfer block 4 is provided with an insertion groove for the side pusher 41 to pass through, and the other side is provided with a through hole for the product to pass through. When the workpiece to be processed enters the receiving groove 43, the cylinder extends, and the side pusher 41 pushes the product from the through hole into the rotating block 42. The rotating block 42 rotates, making it vertical.
[0046] Furthermore, the transfer block 4 is equipped with a position sensor, which can be a proximity sensor, an electromagnetic sensor, or other types, depending on the application requirements. The position sensor can detect the position of the workpiece to be processed. Once the workpiece is in position, the side pusher 41 pushes it into the rotating block 42, facilitating the next step.
[0047] Furthermore, the rotating block 42 is provided with a fixing groove 421, which is connected to the through hole. A rotating cylinder 422 is installed on the side of the rotating block 42. The rotating block 42 and the rotating cylinder 422 are connected by a connecting shaft. The length of the rotating block 42 is less than that of the workpiece to be processed. The rotating block 42 and the rotating cylinder 422 are connected by a connecting block. When the workpiece to be processed enters the fixing groove 421, the rotating cylinder 422 rotates, making the fixing groove 421 vertical. At this time, the workpiece to be processed becomes vertical, and the upper end of the workpiece is exposed, which is convenient for the gripper 51 to hold. After being held, the workpiece is loaded into the lathe.
[0048] In some implementations, a rotating shaft 23 is installed at the bottom of the receiving box 2. The entire receiving box 2 is supported by a support plate. The rotating shaft 23 is rotatably mounted and has a rotating component 24 mounted on it. The rotating component 24 has a circular cross-section and multiple receiving grooves 27 evenly arranged on its side. The receiving grooves 27 have an arc-shaped cross-section. The top of the rotating component 24 extends into the discharge port 22. The workpieces to be processed are stacked and placed in the receiving box 2. The direction of the receiving grooves 27 is the same as the placement direction of the workpieces to be processed. During the rotation of the rotating component 24, the workpieces to be processed in the receiving box 2 fall into the receiving grooves 27. The rotating component 24 rotates, turning the workpieces to be processed out of the receiving box 2. A motor is connected to one side of the rotating shaft 23, which drives the rotating shaft 23 to rotate. The discharge speed can be controlled by controlling the rotation speed.
[0049] Furthermore, an arc-shaped feeding plate 25 is installed on the side of the rotating part 24. The upper end of the arc-shaped feeding plate 25 is connected to the discharge port 22 of the receiving box 2, and the lower end is connected to a horizontal plate 26. The horizontal plate 26 is connected to the feeding channel 3. A gap is left between the arc-shaped feeding plate 25 and the rotating part 24 so that the workpiece to be processed falling into the receiving groove 27 can pass through. At the same time, the workpiece to be processed will not fall off prematurely. When it reaches the position of the horizontal plate 26, the workpiece to be processed is released from the receiving groove 27 under the action of gravity and is transferred through the feeding channel.
[0050] Furthermore, the bottom of the holding cavity 21 is sloped, and the slope is located on both sides of the discharge port 22. This slope serves to gather the workpieces to be processed, so that the workpieces to be processed inside the receiving box 2 can automatically enter the bottom of the receiving box 2, ensuring smooth automatic feeding.
[0051] In some implementations, a plurality of symmetrically arranged protruding strips 6 are provided inside the holding cavity 21. The protruding strips 6 are spaced at the same distance and are fitted with insert plates 61 between them. The protruding strips 6 are vertically arranged and can be fixed to both sides of the inside of the holding cavity 21 by screws or welding to fix the insert plates 61. When feeding products of different lengths, the position of the insert plates 61 is changed so that there is a certain gap between one side of the insert plate 61 and the inside of the holding cavity 21. The product is fed to one side of the insert plate 61, which is suitable for automatic feeding of products of different lengths and improves applicability.
[0052] Furthermore, the gripper 51 includes three gripping claws, and a gripping cylinder 55 is installed on the top of the gripping part. The gripping cylinder 55 is a three-grip cylinder, and a buffer pad is installed on the inner side of the gripping claw to increase friction and prevent damage to the product.
[0053] In the working process, the workpiece first flows out from the receiving box 2 onto the feeding channel 3, then enters the transfer block 4, and is pushed into the rotating part 24 by the side pusher 41. The rotating part 24 then rotates, turning the workpiece into a vertical position, and the gripper 51 clamps it. After clamping, the gripper 51 rotates to a horizontal position. At this time, the horizontal moving component 52 and the vertical moving component 53 move, sending the workpiece to the lathe chuck. The chuck locks the product and then processing begins. After processing, the gripper 51 takes the product back and places it into the finished product box for continued feeding and processing, realizing automatic loading and unloading of the lathe and completing the processing.
[0054] For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the inventive concept of this utility model, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. An automatic loading and unloading device for a lathe, characterized in that, include: Rack (1); The feeding assembly is installed on the frame (1) and includes a receiving box (2). The receiving box (2) has a holding cavity (21) for receiving products, a discharge port (22) at the bottom, and a feeding channel (3) on the lower side. The transfer assembly includes a transfer block (4), a side pusher (41), and a rotating block (42). The transfer block (4) is mounted on the frame (1) and docks with the feeding channel (3). The side pusher (41) and the rotating block (42) are mounted on both sides of the transfer block (4). The side pusher (41) pushes the product into the rotating block (42). The loading and unloading assembly includes a support frame (5), a gripper (51), and a transfer assembly. The transfer assembly is mounted on the support frame (5), and the gripper (51) is mounted on the transfer assembly.
2. The automatic loading and unloading device for lathes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transfer assembly includes a horizontal moving assembly (52), a vertical moving assembly (53), and a rotating assembly (54). The horizontal moving assembly (52) is mounted on the support frame (5) and drives the vertical moving assembly (53) to move. The rotating assembly (54) is mounted on the output end of the vertical moving assembly (53) and drives the gripper (51) to rotate.
3. The automatic loading and unloading device for lathes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transfer block (4) is provided with a receiving groove (43), the side pusher (41) is connected to a cylinder, the extended end is connected to the side pusher (41), the side of the transfer block (4) is provided with an insertion groove for passing through the side pusher (41), and the other side is provided with a passage hole for the product to pass through.
4. The automatic loading and unloading device for lathes according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transfer block (4) is equipped with a position sensor.
5. The automatic loading and unloading device for lathes according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotating block (42) is provided with a fixing groove (421), which is connected to the through hole, and a rotating cylinder (422) is installed on the side of the rotating block (42).
6. The automatic loading and unloading device for lathes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The receiving box (2) has a rotating shaft (23) installed at the bottom, and a rotating component (24) is installed on the rotating shaft (23). Multiple receiving grooves (27) are evenly arranged on the side of the rotating component (24), and the top of the rotating component (24) extends into the discharge port (22).
7. The automatic loading and unloading device for lathes according to claim 6, characterized in that, The rotating part (24) is equipped with an arc-shaped feeding plate (25) on its side. The upper end of the arc-shaped feeding plate (25) is connected to the discharge port (22) of the receiving box (2), and the lower end is connected to a horizontal plate (26). The horizontal plate (26) is connected to the feeding channel (3).
8. The automatic loading and unloading device for lathes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the container (21) is sloped.
9. The automatic loading and unloading device for lathes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The container cavity (21) is provided with a plurality of symmetrically arranged protruding strips (6), the protruding strips (6) are spaced at the same distance, and insert plates (61) are provided between the protruding strips (6).
10. The automatic loading and unloading device for lathes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gripper (51) includes three gripping claws, and a gripping cylinder (55) is mounted on the top of the gripping claw.