Battery device, power utilization device and energy storage device

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery device, a power utilization device and an energy storage device, and belongs to the technical field of batteries. The battery device comprises a box body, single batteries and a heat exchange part, the single batteries and the heat exchange part are both located in the containing cavity, the heat exchange part comprises a heat exchange plate and a bottom plate, a heat exchange channel is formed between the heat exchange plate and the bottom plate, and the heat exchange channel comprises a first heat exchange channel located in a first area and a second heat exchange channel located in a second area; the cross sectional area of at least part of the first heat exchange channels is different from that of the second heat exchange channels, the heat exchange piece further comprises protruding parts, and the protruding parts are located on the first heat exchange channels and connected with at least one of the heat exchange plate and the bottom plate. The cross sectional areas of the first heat exchange channel and the second heat exchange channel are different, and the flows of the heat exchange medium in the first area and the second area are different, so that different heat management can be realized for the battery monomers with different temperatures, the temperature difference between the battery monomers is reduced, the temperature balance of the battery monomers is improved, and the stability of the battery device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery device, an electrical device, and an energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] Energy conservation and emission reduction are key to sustainable social development. Rechargeable batteries, with their ability to store and release energy as needed, are widely used in various electrical devices and energy storage systems, and are an important component in promoting energy transition and sustainable development. For the new energy industry, battery technology is a crucial factor in its development.

[0003] The battery assembly includes a housing and multiple individual battery cells housed within the housing. The temperature of the individual battery cells directly affects its stability; both excessively high and low temperatures can negatively impact the battery assembly. However, in related technologies, significant temperature differences among the individual battery cells affect the stability of the battery assembly. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application aims to at least address one of the technical problems existing in the background art. Therefore, one objective of this application is to provide a battery device, an electrical device, and an energy storage device that improves the stability of the battery device.

[0005] An embodiment of the first aspect of this application provides a battery device, comprising: a housing having a receiving cavity; a battery cell located in the receiving cavity; and a heat exchanger located in the receiving cavity. The heat exchanger includes a heat exchange plate and a base plate, which are disposed opposite to each other. The heat exchange plate is in contact with the battery cell, and a heat exchange channel is formed between the heat exchange plate and the base plate. The heat exchanger has a first region and a second region. The heat exchange channel includes a plurality of interconnected first heat exchange channels and a plurality of interconnected second heat exchange channels. The first heat exchange channels are located in the first region, and the second heat exchange channels are located in the second region. At least one first heat exchange channel is in contact with a second heat exchange channel. The cross-sectional area of ​​at least a portion of the first heat exchange channels is different from the cross-sectional area of ​​the second heat exchange channels. The heat exchanger also includes a protrusion located in the first heat exchange channel and connected to at least one of the heat exchange plate and the base plate.

[0006] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by differentiating the cross-sectional areas of the first heat exchange channel and the second heat exchange channel, the flow rate of the heat exchange medium in the first region and the second region is different. This enables different thermal management for battery cells with different temperatures, reduces the temperature difference between battery cells, improves the temperature uniformity of battery cells, slows down the capacity decay of the battery device, and improves the stability of the battery device.

[0007] In some embodiments, the second region is closer to the edge of the heat exchanger than the first region, and at least a portion of the cross-sectional area of ​​the first heat exchange channel is smaller than that of the second heat exchange channel. Since the second region is closer to the edge of the heat exchanger and experiences faster heat loss, increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the second heat exchange channel improves the flow rate and efficiency of the heat exchange medium in this region. This effectively compensates for heat loss caused by contact with the housing and air convection in the edge region, increasing the heating rate of the battery cells in the edge region and further reducing the overall temperature difference of the battery device.

[0008] In some embodiments, the height of the first heat exchange channel is less than the height of the second heat exchange channel along the arrangement direction of the heat exchanger and the battery cells. This differentiated channel height design does not change the manufacturing process of the heat exchanger; mass production can be achieved simply by pre-setting the channel height structure in the mold design, without requiring additional complex processing steps or equipment.

[0009] In some embodiments, along the arrangement direction of the heat exchange plates and the base plate, the ratio of the height of the protrusion to the height of the second heat exchange channel is greater than or equal to one-third and less than or equal to two-thirds. The ratio of the height of the protrusion to the height of the first heat exchange channel is between 1 / 3 and 2 / 3, avoiding the problem of temperature runaway caused by excessive or insufficient height difference.

[0010] In some embodiments, the heat exchange plate protrudes towards the side near the base plate to form a protrusion. That is, the protrusion is part of the heat exchange plate, and the two are integrally formed, eliminating the need for separate processing, assembly, and welding of the protrusion component, thus reducing processing steps and shortening the production cycle.

[0011] In some embodiments, the base plate in the second region is flexible; the battery device further includes an adjustment module comprising a driver and a moving plate. The driver is connected to the housing, and the moving plate is located on the side of the base plate opposite to the heat exchange plate. The moving plate is in contact with the base plate in the second region, and the driver is configured to drive the moving plate to move along the arrangement direction of the heat exchange plate and the base plate. By driving the moving plate to move, the moving plate can squeeze or release the base plate in the second region. By adjusting the cross-sectional area of ​​the second heat exchange channel, the movement of the moving plate can be adjusted according to the temperature of the battery cells in the second region, enabling more accurate adjustment of the cross-sectional area of ​​the second heat exchange channel and further reducing the temperature difference of the battery cells.

[0012] In some embodiments, the base plate in the first region is also flexible, and the movable plate includes a first movable plate and a second movable plate. The first movable plate is attached to the base plate in the first region, and the second movable plate is attached to the base plate in the second region. By independently adjusting the cross-sectional area of ​​the first heat exchange channel and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second heat exchange channel, the temperature difference between the battery cells in the first region and the second region can be adjusted more accurately, further reducing the temperature difference between the battery cells.

[0013] In some embodiments, the adjustment module further includes: a fixed plate located on the side of the movable plate away from the base plate, the movable plate and the fixed plate being disposed opposite to each other, a first cavity being formed between the first movable plate and the fixed plate, and a second cavity being formed between the second movable plate and the fixed plate, both the first movable plate and the second movable plate being flexible; and a driver configured to transport the medium in the first cavity to the second cavity, and / or transport the medium in the second cavity to the first cavity. In the above scheme, the dynamic reverse switching of the cross-sectional area of ​​the first heat exchange channel and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second heat exchange channel is achieved through medium transfer, without the need for complex sensor linkage logic, and the thermal demand can be automatically adapted simply by switching operating conditions, resulting in a more direct temperature difference control response.

[0014] In some embodiments, the actuator includes a hydraulic pump. The hydraulic pump offers higher pressure control precision and smaller errors, and the hydraulic drive features continuous flow and pressure pulsation-free characteristics, allowing for gradual force application when deforming the moving plate, thus avoiding uneven deformation of the base plate caused by rigid impacts.

[0015] In some embodiments, the movable plate includes at least one of PET sheet, stainless steel foil, and aluminum-plastic film. All of these materials possess excellent flexibility and fatigue resistance, with low deformation rebound rate. Furthermore, these materials are corrosion-resistant, which can extend the lifespan of the adjustment module 40. Additionally, the selected materials are all mature, mass-produced materials, with simple processing techniques, reducing mass production costs.

[0016] In some embodiments, the battery device further includes a limiting protrusion connected to the housing and located along the movement path of the movable plate; the limiting protrusion is located between the heat exchange plate and the bottom plate along the arrangement direction of the heat exchange plate and the bottom plate. The limiting protrusion restricts the movement of the movable plate, preventing the movable plate from moving the bottom plate to the point where it comes into contact with the heat exchange plate, causing blockage of the first or second heat exchange channel.

[0017] In some embodiments, along the arrangement direction of the heat exchange plates and the base plate, the ratio of the maximum distance between the limiting protrusion and the heat exchange plate to the maximum height of the second heat exchange channel is greater than or equal to one-third and less than or equal to two-thirds. A ratio greater than or equal to one-third prevents the minimum gap of the second heat exchange channel from being too small, which could obstruct the flow of the heat exchange medium and ensures that even under extreme compression conditions, the second heat exchange channel can still meet the basic heat exchange flow requirements. A ratio less than or equal to two-thirds prevents the minimum gap of the second heat exchange channel from being too large, which could lead to insufficient adjustment range and ensures that the cross-sectional area of ​​the second heat exchange channel can be changed by the compression of the moving plate.

[0018] In some embodiments, the base plate includes at least one of PET sheet, stainless steel foil, and aluminum-plastic film. All of these materials possess excellent flexibility and fatigue resistance, with low deformation rebound rate. Furthermore, these materials are corrosion-resistant, which can extend the lifespan of the heat exchange components. Additionally, the selected materials are all mature, mass-produced materials, with simple processing techniques, reducing mass production costs.

[0019] In some embodiments, the movable plate has reinforcing ribs. These ribs increase the strength of the movable plate and reduce the likelihood of damage.

[0020] An embodiment of the second aspect of this application provides an electrical device, which includes a battery device according to any of the above embodiments, the battery device being used to provide electrical energy.

[0021] An embodiment of the third aspect of this application provides an energy storage device, which includes a battery device according to any of the above embodiments, the battery device being used to store electrical energy.

[0022] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0023] In the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals throughout the various drawings denote the same or similar parts or elements. These drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It should be understood that these drawings depict only some embodiments disclosed in this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle structure according to some embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery according to some embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 3 A bottom view of a heat exchanger provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of surface AA;

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of the BB surface;

[0029] Figure 6 Cross-sectional views of heat exchangers provided in other embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 7A bottom view of a battery device provided in other embodiments of this application;

[0031] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Cross-sectional view of the C-plane;

[0032] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view at point D;

[0033] Figure 10 A bottom view of a battery device provided in other embodiments of this application;

[0034] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Cross-sectional view of the EE surface;

[0035] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment module provided in some other embodiments of this application;

[0036] Figure 13 An exploded view of a movable plate provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0038] 1000, Vehicle; 100, Battery Unit; 200, Controller; 300, Motor; 10, Housing; 11, First Part; 12, Second Part; 13, Battery Box; 14, Bottom Protective Plate; 101, Receiving Cavity; 20, Battery Cell; 30, Heat Exchanger; 31, Heat Exchange Channel; 311, First Heat Exchange Channel; 312, Second Heat Exchange Channel; 301, First Region; 302, Second Region; 32, Heat Exchange Plate; 33, Bottom Plate; 34, Protrusion; 40, Adjustment Module; 41, Driver; 42, Moving Plate; 421, First Moving Plate; 422, Second Moving Plate; 423, Reinforcing Rib; 424, First Plate; 425, Second Plate; 426, Mounting Groove; 43, Fixing Plate; 50, Limiting Protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0042] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0043] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0044] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0045] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0046] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] Currently, the application of rechargeable batteries is becoming increasingly widespread, judging from market trends. They are not only used in energy storage systems for hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants, but also extensively in various electronic devices, such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric vehicles, as well as in military equipment and aerospace. As the application areas of rechargeable batteries continue to expand, the market demand is also constantly increasing.

[0048] A battery pack is composed of multiple individual battery cells, and the performance of each cell directly determines the performance of the entire pack. Temperature affects the performance, lifespan, and safety of individual cells; both excessively high and low temperatures alter their operating state. Low temperatures reduce cell activity, leading to decreased charge and discharge efficiency; excessively high temperatures may accelerate side reactions, causing rapid capacity decay and preventing proper energy storage and release. Prolonged exposure of individual cells to extreme temperatures accelerates the aging of the pack's internal structure, shortening its lifespan.

[0049] To ensure that individual battery cells operate within a suitable temperature range that guarantees performance, lifespan, and safety, a heat exchange component, or heat exchanger, is required inside the battery device. This heat exchanger establishes a heat transfer pathway by contacting the surface of the battery cells. It contains pre-designed heat exchange channels that act as transport channels for the thermal management medium, allowing the medium to circulate and exchange heat with the battery cells, thereby regulating the battery cell temperature. The core function of the thermal management medium is to regulate the battery cell temperature through heat exchange. When the battery device is in a low-temperature environment leading to reduced activity, the thermal management medium acts as a heat transfer carrier, transferring external heat sources (such as heat generated by the heating module) to the battery cells to raise their temperature. Conversely, when the battery device generates a large amount of heat during charging and discharging, causing the temperature to rise, the thermal management medium absorbs and carries away the heat released by the battery cells, thus completing the cooling process.

[0050] In the thermal management scheme of battery devices, the heating process of battery devices faces significant challenges. Battery cells located in the middle area of ​​the battery device heat up faster and can quickly reach the preset temperature. However, battery cells in the edge area come into contact with other components in the battery device and exchange heat, resulting in faster heat loss. This causes their temperature to remain lower than that of battery cells in the middle area. Typically, heating in low-temperature environments requires a longer duration. The heat accumulation effect caused by prolonged heating will cause the temperature difference of the battery device to gradually widen, further exacerbating the temperature difference between multiple battery cells.

[0051] This temperature difference has multiple negative impacts on battery devices: it accelerates battery capacity degradation, as hotter battery cells tend to reach their voltage limits first during charging, while colder cells are not fully charged, leading to a decrease in the actual usable capacity of the battery device; it directly affects the lifespan of the battery device, as uneven temperature environments accelerate cell aging and shorten the overall service life of the battery device; and it poses a significant challenge to the accuracy estimation of the Battery Management System (BMS), as temperature imbalances cause deviations in cell state parameters, affecting the BMS's judgment of key indicators such as remaining battery capacity and health status, thereby impacting the reliability and rationality of system control.

[0052] The embodiments of this application provide a battery device that, by differentiating the cross-sectional areas of the first heat exchange channel and the second heat exchange channel, achieves different flow rates of the heat exchange medium in the first and second regions. This enables different thermal management for battery cells with different temperatures, reduces the temperature difference between battery cells, improves the temperature uniformity of battery cells, slows down the capacity decay of the battery device, and improves the stability of the battery device.

[0053] The battery device disclosed in this application can be used, but is not limited to, in electrical devices or energy storage devices such as vehicles, ships, or aircraft. A power system for such an electrical device or energy storage device can be constructed using the battery device disclosed in this application, thereby improving the stability of the battery device's performance and its lifespan.

[0054] This application provides an electrical device that uses a battery as a power source. The electrical device can be, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc. Electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0055] This application also provides an energy storage device that uses a battery as a power source. The energy storage device can be, but is not limited to, an energy storage container, an energy storage cabinet, an energy storage power station, an energy storage battery pack, or a portable energy storage system.

[0056] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments will use a vehicle as an example of an electrical device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of this application. The vehicle 1000 can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. A battery device 100 is installed inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery device 100 can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle 1000. The battery device 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000; for example, the battery device 100 can serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300. The controller 200 is used to control the battery device 100 to supply power to the motor 300, for example, to meet the power needs of the vehicle 1000 during starting, navigation, and driving.

[0058] In some embodiments of this application, the battery device 100 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.

[0059] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery provided in some embodiments of this application. The battery device 100 includes a housing 10 and a battery cell 20, with the battery cell 20 housed within the housing 10. The housing 10 provides a receiving cavity 101 for the battery cell 20, and the housing 10 can adopt various structures. In some embodiments, the housing 10 may include a first portion 11 and a second portion 12, which overlap each other, jointly defining the receiving cavity 101 for accommodating the battery cell 20. The second portion 12 may be a hollow structure with one open end, and the first portion 11 may be a plate-like structure, covering the open side of the second portion 12 so that the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 jointly define the receiving cavity 101; alternatively, the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 may both be hollow structures with one open side, with the open side of the first portion 11 covering the open side of the second portion 12. Of course, the housing 10 formed by the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 can be of various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.

[0060] In the battery device 100, there can be multiple battery cells 20, which can be connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration. A mixed configuration means that multiple battery cells 20 are connected in both series and parallel connections. Multiple battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration, and then the entire assembly of the multiple battery cells 20 is housed within the housing 10. Alternatively, the battery device 100 can also consist of multiple battery cells 20 first connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration to form battery modules, and then these battery modules are connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration to form a whole, which is also housed within the housing 10. The battery device 100 may also include other structures; for example, it may include a busbar component for electrical connection between the multiple battery cells 20.

[0061] Each battery cell 20 can be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it can also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited to these. The battery cell 20 can be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes.

[0062] This application provides a battery device 100, which further includes a heat exchanger 30. Both the battery cell 20 and the heat exchanger 30 are located in the receiving cavity 101 of the housing 10, and the heat exchanger 30 is in contact with the battery cell 20. Figure 2 Heat exchanger 30 is not shown in the diagram.

[0063] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of a heat exchanger provided in an embodiment of this application. See also... Figure 3 The heat exchanger 30 has a heat exchange channel 31, and the heat exchanger 30 has a first region 301 and a second region 302. The heat exchange channel 31 includes a plurality of interconnected first heat exchange channels 311 and a plurality of interconnected second heat exchange channels 312. The first heat exchange channel 311 is located in the first region 301, and the second heat exchange channel 312 is located in the second region 302. At least one first heat exchange channel 311 is connected to a second heat exchange channel 312.

[0064] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of surface AA. (Combined with...) Figure 3 and Figure 4 At least part of the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 is different from the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312.

[0065] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of the BB plane. See also Figure 5 The heat exchanger 30 includes a heat exchange plate 32 and a base plate 33, which are arranged opposite to each other. The heat exchange plate 32 and the battery cell 20 ( Figure 5(Not shown) The heat exchange plate 32 and the base plate 33 are bonded together to form a heat exchange channel 31. The heat exchange component 30 also includes a protrusion 34, which is located in the first heat exchange channel 311 and is connected to at least one of the heat exchange plate 32 and the base plate 33.

[0066] The housing 10, which is the supporting structure of the battery device 100, provides installation space and protection for the battery cell 20 and the heat exchanger 30. The receiving cavity 101 is the assembly area for the battery cell 20 and the heat exchanger 30.

[0067] The battery cell 20 is the smallest energy storage unit of the battery device 100. Multiple battery cells 20 work together. The battery cells 20 are arranged in an array in the housing cavity 101 to form a distribution pattern of middle area and edge area. In the process of thermal management of the battery device 100, the temperature of the battery cells 20 in the middle area is generally higher than the temperature of the battery cells 20 in the edge area.

[0068] The heat exchanger 30 is a heat exchange component that is in contact with the battery cell 20. It has a heat exchange channel 31 for regulating the temperature of the battery cell 20 through the flow of a medium. The heat exchange medium can be a coolant, thermal oil, etc. The heat exchanger 30 can adopt a surface-fit design, fitting against the heat dissipation / heating surface (such as the bottom or side) of the battery cell 20 to ensure that the contact thermal resistance of the heat exchange interface is minimized and heat conduction is achieved.

[0069] The heat exchange plate 32 is the heat exchange functional surface of the heat exchange component 30. It is made of a material with high thermal conductivity (such as aluminum alloy or copper alloy). The side of the plate facing away from the base plate 33 is in close contact with the heat exchange surface of the battery cell 20, directly receiving or transferring the heat of the battery cell 20. The base plate 33 is the structural bearing surface of the heat exchange component 30. It is also made of a material with high thermal conductivity and is arranged parallel to the heat exchange plate 32. The two are fixed together by welding (such as brazing or laser welding) or bolts to form a sealed cavity. This cavity is the forming space of the heat exchange channel 31.

[0070] In one implementation of this application, the protrusion 34 is arranged inside the first heat exchange channel 311, provided that the height H1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 is less than the height H2 of the second heat exchange channel 312. In another implementation of this application, it is not necessary to limit the height H1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 and the height H2 of the second heat exchange channel 312. The effect that the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 is less than the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312 can be achieved simply by setting the protrusion 34 inside the first heat exchange channel 311.

[0071] The heat exchange channel 31 is integrated inside the heat exchanger 30 and adopts a zoned interconnection design, including multiple interconnected first heat exchange channels 311 and multiple interconnected second heat exchange channels 312. The first heat exchange channels 311 are centrally arranged in the first region 301 of the heat exchanger 30, and all first heat exchange channels 311 are interconnected through branch / combination pipes. The second heat exchange channels 312 are centrally arranged in the second region 302 of the heat exchanger 30, and all second heat exchange channels 312 are also interconnected through branch / combination pipes. The second heat exchange channels 312 are connected to the first heat exchange channels 311, forming a complete medium flow loop, ensuring that the heat exchange medium can circulate between the two regions and achieve overall thermal balance regulation. The cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 and the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312 can be set according to temperature regulation requirements.

[0072] In the embodiments of this application, the first heat exchange channel 311 and the second heat exchange channel 312 are connected. This can be a direct connection between the first heat exchange channel 311 and the second heat exchange channel 312, for example, the first heat exchange channel 311 and the second heat exchange channel 312 are two parts of the same channel; or an indirect connection between the first heat exchange channel 311 and the second heat exchange channel 312, for example, the first heat exchange channel 311 and the second heat exchange channel 312 are connected through a heat exchange joint, or the first heat exchange channel 311 and the second heat exchange channel 312 are connected through other channels.

[0073] In the embodiments of this application, the first heat exchange channel 311 and the second heat exchange channel 312 are connected. This can be achieved by one first heat exchange channel 311 being connected to one second heat exchange channel 312; multiple first heat exchange channels 311 being connected to one second heat exchange channel 312; multiple first heat exchange channels 311 being connected to multiple second heat exchange channels 312; or multiple first heat exchange channels 311 being connected to one second heat exchange channel 312. Since the multiple first heat exchange channels 311 are interconnected and the multiple second heat exchange channels 312 are interconnected, all of the above-mentioned connection methods between the first heat exchange channels 311 and the second heat exchange channels 312 can achieve interconnection between all the first heat exchange channels 311 and all the second heat exchange channels 312.

[0074] In the embodiments of this application, the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 is different from the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312. This can be because the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 is smaller than the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312; or the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 is larger than the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312; or in different states of the battery device 100, there are cases where the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 is larger than the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312, there are cases where the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 is smaller than the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312, and there are cases where the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 is equal to the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312. That is, it is sufficient if the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 is different from the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312.

[0075] In embodiments of this application, the cross-sectional areas S1 of the plurality of first heat exchange channels 311 may be the same or different, and the cross-sectional areas S2 of the plurality of second heat exchange channels 312 may be the same or different. For example, the cross-sectional areas S2 of the plurality of second heat exchange channels 312 may be the same, wherein the cross-sectional areas S1 of some first heat exchange channels 311 are different from the cross-sectional areas S2 of the second heat exchange channels 312, while the cross-sectional areas S1 of other first heat exchange channels 311 are the same as the cross-sectional areas S2 of the second heat exchange channels 312; or the cross-sectional areas S2 of the plurality of second heat exchange channels 312 may not be completely identical, meaning that the cross-sectional areas S1 of the plurality of first heat exchange channels 311 are all different from the cross-sectional areas S2 of the plurality of second heat exchange channels 312. That is, it is sufficient that at least one first heat exchange channel 311 has a cross-sectional area S1 different from the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312.

[0076] In embodiments of this application, the length of the first heat exchange channel 311, which has a different cross-sectional area than the second heat exchange channel 312, is greater than or equal to 5% of the total length of the first heat exchange channel 311. This ratio can be 5%, 10%, 11%, 15%, 20%, 22%, 25%, 31%, 36%, 40%, 41%, 45%, 50%, 56%, 60%, 63%, 65%, 68%, 75%, 85%, 88%, 90%, 91%, 95%, 100%, etc.

[0077] In the embodiments of this application, the cross-section of any position of the first heat exchange channel 311 is perpendicular to the flow direction of the heat exchange medium at that position.

[0078] In the thermal management scheme of the battery device 100, the cooling process of the battery device 100 also faces challenges. The heat of the battery cell 20 located in the middle area of ​​the battery device is not easily dissipated, while the battery cell in the edge area will come into contact with other components in the battery device for heat exchange. The heat is dissipated faster, resulting in the temperature of the battery cell 20 in the middle area being higher than that of the battery cell 20 in the edge area, thus creating a temperature difference between the battery cells 20.

[0079] In some embodiments of this application, the first region 301 may be the region on the heat exchanger 30 corresponding to the edge region of the battery cell 20 of the battery device 100, and the second region 302 may be the region on the heat exchanger 30 corresponding to the middle region of the battery cell 20 of the battery device 100. If the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 is greater than the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312, under the condition of the battery device 100 heating up, more heat exchange medium flows to the edge region, improving the heating efficiency of the heat exchanger 30 on the edge battery cell 20, compensating for its heat loss, and reducing the temperature difference between the edge region and the middle region battery cell 20. If the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 is smaller than the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312, under the condition of the battery device 100 cooling down, more heat exchange medium flows to the middle region, improving the cooling efficiency of the heat exchanger 30 on the middle battery cell 20, increasing the cooling rate, and reducing the temperature difference between the edge region and the middle region battery cell 20.

[0080] The protrusion 34 can physically occupy part of the space in the first heat exchange channel 311, making the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 smaller than the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312. The protrusion 34 is only arranged within the first heat exchange channel 311 and is arranged parallel to the flow direction of the heat exchange medium. The length of the arrangement can be consistent with the extension length of the first region 301 to ensure coverage of the entire heat accumulation area, or the length of the protrusion 34 can be less than the extension length of the first region 301. The connection between the protrusion 34 and the heat exchange plate 32 or the base plate 33 can improve the strength of the heat exchange plate 32 or the base plate 33.

[0081] The protrusions 34 allow the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 to be smaller than the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312. There is no need to design separately based on the difference in cross-sectional area. The cross-sectional area S1 of different first heat exchange channels 311 can be achieved simply by adjusting the number, width or spacing of the protrusions 34, resulting in a high mold reuse rate.

[0082] In some other embodiments of this application, the first region 301 may be the region on the heat exchanger 30 corresponding to the battery cell 20 in the middle region of the battery device 100, and the second region 302 may be the region on the heat exchanger 30 corresponding to the battery cell 20 in the edge region of the battery device 100. If the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 is greater than the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312, under the condition of cooling of the battery device 100, more heat exchange medium flows to the middle region, improving the cooling efficiency of the heat exchanger 30 on the middle battery cell 20 and reducing the temperature difference between the edge region and the middle region battery cell 20. If the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 is smaller than the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312, under the condition of heating of the battery device 100, more heat exchange medium flows to the edge region, improving the heating efficiency of the heat exchanger 30 on the edge battery cell 20, compensating for its heat loss, and reducing the temperature difference between the edge region and the middle region battery cell 20.

[0083] Figure 3 The diagram uses dashed lines to divide the first region 301 and the second region 302. In actual applications, there is no strict physical boundary between the first region 301 and the second region 302.

[0084] By differentiating the cross-sectional areas of the first heat exchange channel 311 and the second heat exchange channel 312, the flow rates of the heat exchange medium in the first region 301 and the second region 302 are different. This enables different thermal management of the battery cells 20 at different temperatures, reduces the temperature difference between the battery cells 20, improves the temperature uniformity of the battery cells 20, slows down the capacity decay of the battery device 100, and improves the stability of the battery device 100.

[0085] The cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 and the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312 can be set according to the temperature of the battery cell 20 in the battery device 100. For example, if the temperature of the battery cell 20 corresponding to the second region 302 is lower, when the battery device 100 is heated, the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 is smaller than the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312, and more heat exchange medium flows to the second region 302, thereby improving the heating efficiency of the heat exchanger 30 on the battery cell 20 in the second region 302 and reducing the temperature difference of the battery cell 20.

[0086] Simultaneously, reducing the temperature difference between individual battery cells 20 can mitigate the situation where high-temperature battery cells 20 reach their voltage limits first during charging, while low-temperature battery cells 20 are not fully charged. This allows all battery cells 20 to fully charge and discharge, increasing the actual usable capacity of the battery device 100 and reducing the capacity decay rate. A balanced temperature environment eliminates the accelerated aging effect of uneven temperatures on battery cells 20, reducing the risk of overall performance degradation due to premature failure of some battery cells 20 and extending the overall service life of the battery device 100. Temperature equalization reduces the deviation of state parameters (such as voltage and internal resistance) of each battery cell 20, providing more accurate basic data for the BMS and improving its estimation accuracy of key indicators such as remaining charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH). This, in turn, ensures the rationality and reliability of the battery management system's control strategy and reduces system operational risks.

[0087] According to some embodiments of this application, in conjunction with Figure 3 and Figure 4 The second region 302 is closer to the edge of the heat exchanger 30 than the first region 301, and at least part of the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 is smaller than the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312.

[0088] The first region 301 is the central region of the heat exchanger 30, corresponding to the middle region of the array of battery cells 20. The battery cells 20 in this region are surrounded by the surrounding battery cells 20, making it difficult for heat to diffuse outward, and thus it is a heat accumulation area. The second region 302 is the edge region of the heat exchanger 30, corresponding to the annular or strip-shaped region near the outer periphery of the heat exchanger 30. This region corresponds to the edge position of the array of battery cells 20, and the edge part of the heat exchanger 30 is easy to contact the inner wall of the housing 10 or other components, or directly exposed to the air gap of the receiving cavity 101. The heat is dissipated to the outside through the edge of the heat exchanger 30 through a shorter and more efficient path, thus it is a heat dissipation area.

[0089] The second region 302 and the first region 301 are connected in a continuous structure without obvious physical separation. The size of the second region 302 is designed according to the overall size of the heat exchanger 30 and the edge heat dissipation characteristics of the battery cell array 20.

[0090] In one implementation of this application, the heat exchanger 30 has two second regions 302 and a first region 301, with the first region 301 located between the two second regions 302.

[0091] In another implementation of this application, the heat exchanger 30 has a second region 302 and a first region 301, the second region 302 is annular in shape, and the second region 302 surrounds the first region 301.

[0092] In the embodiments of this application, the first heat exchange channel 311 and the second heat exchange channel 312 may adopt circular, rectangular or irregular cross-sections, and the specific cross-sectional shape may be selected according to the processing technology of the heat exchange component 30.

[0093] For example, taking a circular cross-section as an example, the inner diameter of the first heat exchange channel 311 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second heat exchange channel 312. Taking a rectangular cross-section as an example, the height of the first heat exchange channel 311 is smaller than the height of the second heat exchange channel 312.

[0094] In the embodiments of this application, the arrangement density of the first heat exchange channel 311 in the first region 301 can be consistent with that of the second heat exchange channel 312 in the second region 302, and the flow rate can be adjusted by simply adjusting the cross-sectional area difference; or, based on the cross-sectional area difference, the channel density of the second region 302 can be appropriately increased to further enhance the heat exchange capacity of the edge region.

[0095] When the heat exchange medium (such as heated coolant) enters the heat exchanger 30 from the main pipeline, its flow rate is naturally distributed according to the difference in cross-sectional area of ​​the heat exchange channels 31. Since the second heat exchange channel 312 has a larger cross-sectional area and lower flow resistance, more heat exchange medium flows to the second region 302, achieving enhanced heating of the edge region. On the other hand, the first heat exchange channel 311 has a smaller cross-sectional area and higher flow resistance, resulting in a relatively smaller flow rate of heat exchange medium, thus preventing the temperature in the middle region from becoming too high due to excessive heat exchange. At the same time, the heat exchange medium in the two regions replenishes each other through the main pipeline during the circulation process, ensuring that the overall temperature of the heat exchanger 30 is uniform and avoiding local overheating or undercooling.

[0096] Since the second region 302 is close to the edge of the heat exchanger 30 and has a faster heat loss rate, by increasing the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312, the flow rate and heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange medium in this region are improved. This can specifically compensate for the heat loss caused by contact with the housing and air convection in the edge region, thereby increasing the heating rate of the battery cells 20 in the edge region and further reducing the overall temperature difference of the battery device 100.

[0097] The second region 302 is clearly defined as the heat loss zone, and its channel cross-sectional area is increased so that the heat exchange medium can flow preferentially to the area with high heat demand. At the same time, since there is no need to set up additional flow control valves, temperature sensors and other regulating components, the flow can be distributed on demand simply through the physical design of the channel structure, which reduces the mechanical loss and control energy consumption of the system and improves the energy utilization rate of the entire thermal management system. The energy saving effect is more significant, especially in long-term heating scenarios in low-temperature environments.

[0098] The first heat exchange channel 311 and the second heat exchange channel 312 are distinguished only by the difference in cross-sectional area. The arrangement direction and connection method of the channels can be kept consistent, avoiding complex partition design, reducing the processing error and assembly difficulty of heat exchange components, and improving the production efficiency and reliability of the product.

[0099] According to some embodiments of this application, see Figure 4 Along the heat exchange element 30 and the battery cell 20 ( Figure 5 The arrangement direction X (not shown) is such that the height H1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 is less than the height H2 of the second heat exchange channel 312.

[0100] In the embodiments of this application, the heat exchanger 30 and the battery cell 20 are arranged in the same direction as the height direction of the battery cell 20, and the heat exchanger 30 is attached to the bottom surface of the battery cell 20.

[0101] In the embodiments of this application, the minimum height of the first heat exchange channel 311 is less than the minimum height of the second heat exchange channel 312; and the maximum height of the first heat exchange channel 311 is less than or equal to the maximum height of the second heat exchange channel 312.

[0102] The differentiated channel height design does not change the processing technology of heat exchanger 30. Mass production can be achieved simply by pre-setting the channel height structure in the mold design, without adding any complex processing steps or equipment.

[0103] According to some embodiments of this application, along the arrangement direction of the heat exchange plate 32 and the bottom plate 33, the ratio of the height H3 of the protrusion 34 to the height H1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 is greater than or equal to one-third and less than or equal to two-thirds.

[0104] In the embodiments of this application, since the protrusion 34 is located inside the first heat exchange channel 311 and occupies a certain space in the first heat exchange channel 311, the ratio of the height H3 of the protrusion 34 to the maximum height H1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 is greater than or equal to one-third and less than or equal to two-thirds.

[0105] If H3 / H1 < 1 / 3, then the effective flow height (H1-H3) of the first heat exchange channel 311 is greater than (2 / 3)H1, which makes the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 too large. The cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 and the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312 are too close, which cannot effectively widen the gap in heat exchange efficiency and medium flow rate between the two regions. The strengthening effect of the edge region (second region 302) is not obvious, and it is difficult to make up for the heat loss in the edge region. It is impossible to effectively achieve the effect of adjusting the overall temperature difference of the battery device 100.

[0106] If H3 / H1 > 2 / 3, then the effective flow height (H1-H3) of the first heat exchange channel 311 is less than (1 / 3)H1. The flow space of the heat exchange medium is too narrow, the flow resistance will increase, and the energy consumption of the circulating pump will increase. Moreover, if the effective height is too small, it will easily lead to excessive turbulence of the medium, aggravate the wear of the protrusion 34 surface, and affect the life of the heat exchange component 30.

[0107] The ratio of the height H3 of the protrusion 34 to the height H1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 is between 1 / 3 and 2 / 3, which avoids the problem of temperature runaway caused by excessive or insufficient height difference.

[0108] According to some embodiments of this application, Figure 6 Cross-sectional views of heat exchangers provided in other embodiments of this application. See also Figure 6 The heat exchange plate 32 protrudes to the side closer to the bottom plate 33 to form a protrusion 34.

[0109] In the embodiments of this application, the inner surface of the heat exchange plate 32 (the side facing the bottom plate 33) can be directly raised to form a protrusion 34 by a stamping process.

[0110] The heat exchange plate 32 protrudes towards the side near the bottom plate 33 to form a protrusion 34. That is, the protrusion 34 is part of the heat exchange plate 32. The two are integrally formed, eliminating the need for separate processing, assembly, and welding of the protrusion component, thus reducing processing steps and shortening the production cycle.

[0111] There are no additional welded joints between the heat exchange plate 32 and the protrusion 34, which reduces stress concentration points and enhances the overall deformation resistance of the heat exchange component 30.

[0112] At the same time, the protrusion 34 will not increase the thickness of the heat exchange plate 32, thus avoiding affecting the heat exchange between the heat exchange component 30 and the battery cell. The protrusion 34 and the heat exchange plate body are continuous metal structures, and the heat conduction path is uninterrupted.

[0113] According to some embodiments of this application, the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312 is adjustable.

[0114] The cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312 is adjustable. It can be adjusted according to different conditions to make the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 smaller than the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312, or to make the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 equal to the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312, or to make the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 greater than the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312. The ratio between the cross-sectional areas S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 and S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312 can also be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0115] For example, the first region 301 is the central region of the heat exchanger 30, corresponding to the middle region of the array of battery cells 20, and the second region 302 is the edge region of the heat exchanger 30, corresponding to the edge position of the array of battery cells 20. In the case of heating the battery device 100, the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312 is adjusted to be larger than the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311, allowing more heat exchange medium to flow to the second region 302, improving the heating efficiency of the heat exchanger 30 on the battery cells 20 in the second region 302, and reducing the temperature difference between the battery cells 20. In the case of cooling the battery device 100, the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312 is adjusted to be smaller than the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311, allowing more heat exchange medium to flow to the first region 301, improving the cooling efficiency of the heat exchanger 30 on the battery cells 20 in the first region 301, and reducing the temperature difference between the battery cells 20 in the first region 301 and the second region 302.

[0116] The adjustable cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312 allows the second heat exchange channel 312 to be adjusted according to the state of the battery device 100, thereby reducing the temperature difference of the battery cells 20 during both heating and cooling of the battery device 100.

[0117] Meanwhile, the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312 can be dynamically adjusted according to the real-time temperature of the battery cell 20, thereby improving the heat exchange effect of the real-time heat exchange component 30 on the battery cell 20 and further reducing the temperature difference of the battery cell 20.

[0118] According to some embodiments of this application, the heat exchanger 30 includes a heat exchange plate 32 and a bottom plate 33, which are disposed opposite to each other, and a heat exchange channel 31 is formed between the heat exchange plate 32 and the bottom plate 33. The bottom plate 33 located in the second region 302 is flexible.

[0119] Figure 7 A bottom view of a battery device provided for other embodiments of this application. Figure 8 for Figure 7 Cross-sectional view of the C-plane. Figure 9 for Figure 8 A magnified view of point D in the middle. Combined with... Figures 7 to 9 The battery device 100 also includes an adjustment module 40, which includes a driver 41 and a moving plate 42. The driver 41 is connected to the housing, and the moving plate 42 is located on the side of the bottom plate 33 away from the heat exchange plate 32. The moving plate 42 is in contact with the bottom plate 33 located in the second region 302. The driver 41 is configured to drive the moving plate 42 to move along the arrangement direction of the heat exchange plate 32 and the bottom plate 33.

[0120] In an embodiment of this application, the adjustment module 40 is located in the receiving cavity 101.

[0121] In one embodiment of this application, the base plate 33 located in the first region 301 is flexible.

[0122] In another embodiment of this application, the base plate 33 located in the first region 301 is rigid, and the base plate 33 located in the first region 301 and the base plate 33 located in the second region 302 can be connected by adhesive or hot pressing. Exemplarily, the connection between the flexible base plate and the rigid base plate is reinforced with sealant.

[0123] The base plate 33 located in the second region 302 is made of flexible material and has good elastic deformation ability. It can be bent and deformed along the arrangement direction of the heat exchange plate 32 and the base plate 33.

[0124] The driver 41 and the housing 10 can be fixed with bolts. The driver 41 can be a small stepper motor or a piezoelectric ceramic driver. It outputs linear displacement according to the temperature signal. The drive end is rigidly connected to the moving plate 42 through a coupling, thereby realizing the driver 41 driving the moving plate 42 to move.

[0125] The movable plate 42 can be a metal plate, a plastic plate, or a wooden plate, and the size of the movable plate 42 matches the flexible base plate of the second area 302.

[0126] The adjustment module 40 drives the moving plate 42 to move via the driver 41, squeezing or releasing the bottom plate 33 of the second region 302, changing the effective height of the second heat exchange channel 312, and thus adjusting the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312. When the driver 41 drives the moving plate 42 to move toward the heat exchange plate 32, the moving plate 42 squeezes the bottom plate 33, causing it to bend and deform toward the heat exchange plate 32, reducing the gap between the heat exchange plate 32 and the bottom plate 33, thus reducing the effective height of the second heat exchange channel 312 and the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312. When the driver 41 drives the moving plate 42 to move away from the heat exchange plate 32, the bottom plate 33 resets under the pressure of the heat exchange medium, thus increasing the effective height of the second heat exchange channel 312 and the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312.

[0127] The moving plate 42 is driven by the driver 41 to move, so that the moving plate 42 can squeeze or release the bottom plate 33 of the second region 302. By adjusting the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312, the movement of the moving plate 42 can be adjusted according to the temperature of the battery cell 20 in the second region 302, so that the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312 can be adjusted more accurately, and the temperature difference of the battery cell 20 can be further reduced.

[0128] According to some embodiments of this application, the base plate 33 located in the first region 301 is also flexible, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 8The movable plate 42 includes a first movable plate 421 and a second movable plate 422. The first movable plate 421 is attached to the base plate 33 located in the first region 301, and the second movable plate 422 is attached to the base plate 33 located in the second region 302.

[0129] In the embodiments of this application, the base plate 33 corresponding to the first region 301 and the base plate 33 corresponding to the second region 302 may be made of the same material, or the base plate 33 corresponding to the first region 301 and the base plate 33 corresponding to the second region 302 may be made of different materials.

[0130] The base plate 33 corresponding to the first region 301 and the base plate 33 corresponding to the second region 302 have independent elastic deformation capabilities and can be bent and deformed independently along the arrangement direction of the heat exchange plate 32 and the base plate 33.

[0131] In one implementation of this application, the first movable board 421 and the second movable board 422 can both be connected to the same driver 41.

[0132] In another implementation of this application, the first movable board 421 and the second movable board 422 are respectively connected to two drivers 41.

[0133] During the heating of the battery device 100, when the driver 41 drives the first moving plate 421 to move towards the heat exchange plate 32, the first moving plate 421 presses the bottom plate 33 corresponding to the first region 301, causing it to bend and deform towards the heat exchange plate 32, reducing the gap between the heat exchange plate 32 and the bottom plate 33 in the first region 301. The driver 41 drives the second moving plate 422 to move away from the heat exchange plate 32. Under the compression of the heat exchange medium, the gap between the heat exchange plate 32 and the bottom plate 33 in the second region 302 increases, making the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 smaller than the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312. More heat exchange medium flows to the second region 302, improving the heating efficiency of the heat exchange component 30 on the battery cells 20 in the second region 302 and reducing the temperature difference of the battery cells 20. In the process of cooling the battery device 100, when the driver 41 drives the second moving plate 422 to move towards the heat exchange plate 32, the second moving plate 422 squeezes the bottom plate 33 corresponding to the second region 302, causing it to bend and deform towards the heat exchange plate 32, reducing the gap between the heat exchange plate 32 and the bottom plate 33 in the second region 302. The driver 41 drives the first moving plate 421 to move away from the heat exchange plate 32. Under the compression of the heat exchange medium, the gap between the heat exchange plate 32 and the bottom plate 33 in the first region 301 increases, making the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 larger than the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312. More heat exchange medium flows to the first region 301, improving the cooling efficiency of the heat exchange component 30 on the battery cell 20 in the first region 301 and reducing the temperature difference of the battery cell 20.

[0134] By independently adjusting the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 and the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312, the temperature difference between the battery cells 20 in the first region 301 and the second region 302 can be adjusted more accurately, thereby further reducing the temperature difference between the battery cells 20.

[0135] According to some embodiments of this application, Figure 10 A bottom view of a battery device provided for other embodiments of this application. Figure 11 for Figure 10 Cross-sectional view of the EE surface. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an adjustment module provided in other embodiments of this application. (In conjunction with...) Figures 10 to 12 The adjustment module 40 also includes a fixed plate 43 located on the side of the movable plate 42 away from the base plate 33. The movable plate 42 and the fixed plate 43 are arranged opposite to each other. A first cavity is formed between the first movable plate 421 and the fixed plate 43, and a second cavity is formed between the second movable plate 422 and the fixed plate 43. Both the first movable plate 421 and the second movable plate 422 are flexible. The driver 41 is configured to transport the medium in the first cavity to the second cavity, and / or transport the medium in the second cavity to the first cavity.

[0136] In the embodiments of this application, the medium in the first cavity and the second cavity may or may not be a heat exchange medium; for example, the medium in the first cavity and the second cavity is water, or the medium in the first cavity and the second cavity is air.

[0137] In the embodiments of this application, both the first moving plate 421 and the second moving plate 422 are flexible, and the first moving plate 421 and the second moving plate 422 can be bent and deformed under the action of external force.

[0138] In the process of heating the battery device 100, the driver 41 delivers the medium in the second cavity to the first cavity. The first moving plate 421 moves towards the heat exchange plate 32 under the push of the medium. The first moving plate 421 squeezes the bottom plate 33 corresponding to the first region 301, causing it to bend and deform towards the heat exchange plate 32, reducing the gap between the heat exchange plate 32 and the bottom plate 33 in the first region 301. There is no medium support in the second cavity. Under the compression of the heat exchange medium, the gap between the heat exchange plate 32 and the bottom plate 33 in the second region 302 increases, making the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 smaller than the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312. At the same time, the bottom plate 33 squeezes the second moving plate 422, and the second moving plate 422 moves away from the heat exchange plate 32. More heat exchange medium flows to the second region 302, improving the heating efficiency of the heat exchange component 30 on the battery cells 20 in the second region 302 and reducing the temperature difference of the battery cells 20.

[0139] In the process of cooling the battery device 100, the driver 41 delivers the medium in the first cavity to the second cavity. The second moving plate 422 moves towards the heat exchange plate 32 under the push of the medium. The second moving plate 422 squeezes the bottom plate 33 corresponding to the second region 302, causing it to bend and deform towards the heat exchange plate 32, reducing the gap between the heat exchange plate 32 and the bottom plate 33 in the second region 302. There is no medium support in the first cavity. Under the compression of the heat exchange medium, the gap between the heat exchange plate 32 and the bottom plate 33 in the first region 301 increases, making the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312 smaller than the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311. At the same time, the bottom plate 33 squeezes the first moving plate 421, and the first moving plate 421 moves away from the heat exchange plate 32. More heat exchange medium flows to the first region 301, improving the cooling efficiency of the heat exchange component 30 on the battery cells 20 in the first region 301 and reducing the temperature difference of the battery cells 20.

[0140] In the above scheme, the cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 and the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312 are dynamically reversed through medium transfer. There is no need for complex sensor linkage logic. The heat demand can be automatically adapted simply by switching the operating conditions, and the temperature difference control response is more direct.

[0141] According to some embodiments of this application, the drive 41 includes a hydraulic pump.

[0142] For example, the medium in the first cavity and the second cavity is a liquid.

[0143] Hydraulic pumps offer higher pressure control precision and smaller errors. Furthermore, hydraulic drives provide continuous flow and pressure without pulsation, resulting in a gradual force application when the moving plate deforms, thus avoiding uneven deformation of the base plate caused by rigid impacts.

[0144] According to some embodiments of this application, the movable plate 42 includes at least one of PET plate, stainless steel foil, and aluminum-plastic film.

[0145] For example, the movable plate 42 may include one, two or three of the following: PET sheet, stainless steel foil, and aluminum-plastic film.

[0146] PET sheets, stainless steel foil, and aluminum-plastic film all possess excellent flexibility and fatigue resistance, with low deformation and springback rates. Furthermore, these materials are corrosion-resistant, which can extend the lifespan of the adjustment module 40. In addition, the selected materials are all mature mass-produced materials, with simple processing technology, reducing mass production costs.

[0147] According to some embodiments of this application, see Figure 9The battery device 100 also includes a limiting protrusion 50, which is connected to the housing 10 and is located in the moving path of the moving plate 42. Along the arrangement direction of the heat exchange plate 32 and the bottom plate 33, the limiting protrusion 50 is located between the heat exchange plate 32 and the bottom plate 33.

[0148] In the above scheme, the movable plate 42 is a rigid plate.

[0149] The limiting protrusion 50 is a mechanical limiting structure to prevent the bottom plate 33 from sticking to the heat exchange plate 32 and causing channel blockage. For example, the limiting protrusion 50 can be fixed to the housing 10 by bolts or integrally formed. The top of the limiting protrusion 50 is rounded to prevent sharp edges from scratching the bottom plate 33 and the moving plate 42.

[0150] The movement of the movable plate 42 is restricted by the limiting protrusion 50, so as to prevent the movable plate 42 from moving the base plate 33 to fit against the heat exchange plate 32 and causing blockage of the first heat exchange channel 311 or the second heat exchange channel 312.

[0151] According to some embodiments of this application, along the arrangement direction X of the heat exchange plate 32 and the bottom plate 33, the ratio of the maximum distance H4 between the limiting protrusion 50 and the heat exchange plate 32 to the maximum height H2 of the second heat exchange channel 312 is greater than or equal to one-third and less than or equal to two-thirds.

[0152] In the battery device 100, the arrangement direction X of the heat exchange plate 32 and the base plate 33 is the same as the arrangement direction of the heat exchange element 30 and the battery cell 20.

[0153] In the absence of compression, the natural distance between the heat exchange plate 32 and the bottom plate 33 in the second region 302 is the maximum height H2 of the second heat exchange channel 312. At this time, the maximum height H2 of the second heat exchange channel 312 is the same as the maximum height H1 of the first heat exchange channel 311. The vertical distance H4 between the side of the limiting protrusion 50 away from the heat exchange plate 32 and the inner surface of the heat exchange plate 32 is the minimum clearance of the second heat exchange channel 312.

[0154] A ratio greater than or equal to one-third avoids excessively small minimum gaps in the second heat exchange channel 312, which could obstruct the flow of the heat exchange medium and ensure that the second heat exchange channel 312 can still meet the basic heat exchange flow requirements even under extreme compression conditions. A ratio less than or equal to two-thirds avoids excessively large minimum gaps in the second heat exchange channel 312, which could lead to insufficient adjustment range and ensure that the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312 can be changed by compression through the moving plate 42.

[0155] According to some embodiments of this application, the base plate 33 includes at least one of PET sheet, stainless steel foil, and aluminum-plastic film.

[0156] For example, the base plate 33 may include one, two or three of the following: PET sheet, stainless steel foil, and aluminum-plastic film.

[0157] PET sheets, stainless steel foil, and aluminum-plastic film all possess excellent flexibility and fatigue resistance, with low deformation and springback rates. Furthermore, these materials are corrosion-resistant, which can extend the life of heat exchange components by 30%. In addition, the selected materials are all mature mass-produced materials with simple processing technology, reducing mass production costs.

[0158] According to some embodiments of this application, Figure 13 An exploded view of a movable plate provided in an embodiment of this application. See also... Figure 13 The movable plate 42 has reinforcing ribs 423.

[0159] See Figure 13 The movable plate 42 includes a first plate 424 and a second plate 425, which are opposite to each other. The first plate 424 is located between the second plate 425 and the base plate 33. The second plate 425 is used to mount a driver 41, which drives the first plate 424 to move. It should be noted that, in order to clearly show the reinforcing rib 423, [the following text is missing]. Figure 13 In the middle, the driver 41 is connected to the first board 424.

[0160] For example, the reinforcing ribs 423 are located in the first plate 424, and the reinforcing ribs 423 in the first plate 424 are arranged in a crisscross pattern.

[0161] See Figure 9 The housing 10 includes a battery box 13 and a bottom protective plate 14. The battery box 13 has a receiving cavity 101. The bottom protective plate 14 is located on the side of the adjustment module 40 away from the heat exchanger 30. The bottom protective plate 14 is connected to the battery box 13 and protects the battery cell 20, heat exchanger 30 and adjustment module 40 located in the receiving cavity 101.

[0162] Combination Figure 9 and Figure 13 The second plate 425 is connected to the bottom cover plate 14. The second plate 425 has a mounting groove 426. The driver 41 is located in the mounting groove 426. The mounting groove 426 provides mounting space for the driver 41 and protects the driver 41.

[0163] See Figure 13 Multiple sets of actuators 41 work together to drive the same first plate 424, and each actuator 41 is evenly arranged on the surface of the first plate 424 to ensure that the force is balanced and the displacement is stable during the movement of the first plate 424.

[0164] The reinforcing rib 423 can increase the strength of the movable plate 42 and reduce the possibility of damage to the movable plate 42.

[0165] This application provides an electrical device, which includes a battery device 100 as described in any of the above embodiments, and the battery device 100 is used to provide electrical energy.

[0166] This application provides an energy storage device, which includes a battery device 100 as described in any of the above embodiments. The battery device 100 is used to store electrical energy.

[0167] This application provides a battery device including a housing 10, a battery cell 20, and a heat exchanger 30. Both the battery cell 20 and the heat exchanger 30 are located within a receiving cavity 101 of the housing 10, and the heat exchanger 30 is attached to the battery cell 20. The heat exchanger 30 has a heat exchange channel 31, a first region 301, and a second region 302. The heat exchange channel 31 includes multiple interconnected first heat exchange channels 311 and multiple interconnected second heat exchange channels 312. The first heat exchange channels 311 are located in the first region 301, and the second heat exchange channels 312 are located in the second region 302. The second region 302 is closer to the edge of the heat exchanger 30 than the first region 301. The cross-sectional area S1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 is smaller than the cross-sectional area S2 of the second heat exchange channel 312.

[0168] The heat exchanger 30 includes a heat exchange plate 32 and a base plate 33, which are arranged opposite to each other. The heat exchange plate 32 is in contact with the battery cell 20, and a heat exchange channel 31 is formed between the heat exchange plate 32 and the base plate 33. The heat exchange plate 32 protrudes towards the side closer to the base plate 33 to form a protrusion 34, which is located in the first heat exchange channel 311. The ratio of the height H3 of the protrusion 34 to the height H1 of the first heat exchange channel 311 is greater than or equal to one-third and less than or equal to two-thirds.

[0169] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery device, characterized in that, The battery device includes: The box-shaped enclosure has a receiving cavity; The battery cell is located in the receiving cavity; A heat exchanger is located in the receiving cavity. The heat exchanger includes a heat exchange plate and a base plate, which are disposed opposite to each other. The heat exchange plate is in contact with the battery cell, and a heat exchange channel is formed between the heat exchange plate and the base plate. The heat exchanger has a first region and a second region. The heat exchange channel includes a plurality of interconnected first heat exchange channels and a plurality of interconnected second heat exchange channels. The first heat exchange channels are located in the first region, and the second heat exchange channels are located in the second region. At least one of the first heat exchange channels is in communication with the second heat exchange channel. At least a portion of the cross-sectional area of ​​the first heat exchange channel is different from that of the second heat exchange channel. The heat exchanger also includes a protrusion located in the first heat exchange channel and connected to at least one of the heat exchange plate and the base plate.

2. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second region is located near the edge of the heat exchanger relative to the first region, and at least a portion of the cross-sectional area of ​​the first heat exchange channel is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second heat exchange channel.

3. The battery device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Along the arrangement direction of the heat exchanger and the battery cells, the height of the first heat exchange channel is less than the height of the second heat exchange channel.

4. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Along the arrangement direction of the heat exchange plate and the base plate, the ratio of the height of the protrusion to the height of the second heat exchange channel is greater than or equal to one-third and less than or equal to two-thirds.

5. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The heat exchange plate protrudes towards the side closest to the base plate to form the protrusion.

6. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The base plate located in the second region is flexible, and the battery device further includes: The adjustment module includes a driver and a movable plate. The driver is connected to the housing. The movable plate is located on the side of the base plate away from the heat exchange plate. The movable plate is in contact with the base plate located in the second region. The driver is configured to drive the movable plate to move along the arrangement direction of the heat exchange plate and the base plate.

7. The battery device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The base plate located in the first region is also flexible, and the movable plate includes a first movable plate and a second movable plate. The first movable plate is attached to the base plate located in the first region, and the second movable plate is attached to the base plate located in the second region.

8. The battery device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The adjustment module further includes: A fixed plate is located on the side of the movable plate away from the base plate. The movable plate and the fixed plate are arranged opposite to each other. A first cavity is formed between the first movable plate and the fixed plate, and a second cavity is formed between the second movable plate and the fixed plate. Both the first movable plate and the second movable plate are flexible. The driver is configured to deliver a medium in the first cavity to the second cavity, and / or deliver a medium in the second cavity to the first cavity.

9. The battery device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The drive includes a hydraulic pump.

10. The battery device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The movable plate includes at least one of PET board, stainless steel foil, and aluminum-plastic film.

11. The battery device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The battery device also includes a limiting protrusion, which is connected to the housing and is located in the movement path of the moving plate; Along the arrangement direction of the heat exchange plate and the base plate, the limiting protrusion is located between the heat exchange plate and the base plate.

12. The battery device according to claim 11, characterized in that, Along the arrangement direction of the heat exchange plate and the base plate, the ratio of the maximum distance between the limiting protrusion and the heat exchange plate to the maximum height of the second heat exchange channel is greater than or equal to one-third and less than or equal to two-thirds.

13. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, 7 to 12, characterized in that, The base plate includes at least one of PET board, stainless steel foil, and aluminum-plastic film.

14. The battery device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The movable plate has reinforcing ribs.

15. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, The electrical device includes a battery device as described in any one of claims 1 to 14, the battery device being used to provide electrical energy.

16. An energy storage device, characterized in that, The energy storage device includes a battery device as described in any one of claims 1 to 14, the battery device being used to store electrical energy.

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