Oil washing tower

Abstract

The utility model discloses an oil washing tower, and relates to the technical field of chemical equipment, the oil washing tower comprises a first cylinder, a second cylinder, a third cylinder, an upper seal head, a lower seal head, a gas-liquid contact tray assembly and a skirt support mechanism; a plurality of manholes and a plurality of first temperature detectors are uniformly arranged on the side walls of the first barrel, the second barrel and the third barrel from top to bottom; a tower top cold reflux inlet, a carbolic oil circulating gas phase return port and a carbolic oil fraction outlet are respectively formed in the side wall of the first barrel; a middle-section backflow inlet, a middle-section backflow extraction opening, a wash oil gas circulation return opening and a wash oil outlet are formed in the side wall of the second barrel, a feeding opening is formed in the side wall of the third barrel, and a waste liquid output opening is formed in the bottom of the lower sealing head; the gas-liquid contact tower tray assemblies are uniformly distributed in the first barrel, the second barrel and the third barrel. Through a segmented modular structure, multi-stage tray mass transfer, precise temperature control backflow and a circulation system, efficient separation and energy consumption optimization are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of chemical equipment technology, and in particular to an oil washing tower. Background Technology

[0002] As a key separation device in coking, coal chemical, and petrochemical industries, oil washing towers are mainly used for oil and gas washing, component separation, and mass and heat transfer processes. Their structural design directly affects the component separation efficiency and the stability of the unit's operation. Traditional oil washing towers mostly adopt a single-cylinder structure or a simple segmented structure, which suffers from uneven internal fluid distribution, uneven temperature distribution, low gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency, and unreasonable manhole layout leading to inconvenient maintenance and affecting equipment maintenance efficiency. Especially when processing complex components or high-viscosity media, insufficient contact between the gas and liquid phases inside the tower can easily lead to decreased separation efficiency and increased energy consumption. At the same time, local overheating or abnormal temperature gradients may cause coking or equipment corrosion, affecting operational stability. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes an oil washing tower that achieves efficient separation and energy consumption optimization through a segmented modular structure, multi-stage tray mass transfer, precise temperature control reflux, and circulation system. At the same time, the reasonable layout of manholes and detectors ensures operational safety and convenient maintenance, making it particularly suitable for continuous industrial separation scenarios of complex component oil and gas.

[0004] This application provides an oil washing tower, including: a first cylinder, a second cylinder, a third cylinder, an upper head, a lower head, a gas-liquid contact tray assembly, and a skirt support mechanism;

[0005] The upper end cap is sealed at the top of the first cylinder, and the lower end cap is sealed at the bottom of the third cylinder. The bottom of the first cylinder is sealed to the top of the second cylinder, and the bottom of the second cylinder is sealed to the top of the third cylinder. The interiors of the upper end cap, the first cylinder, the second cylinder, the third cylinder, and the lower end cap are sequentially connected. The lower end cap is installed on the skirt support mechanism. The side walls of the first cylinder, the second cylinder, and the third cylinder are provided with multiple manholes and multiple first temperature detectors from top to bottom, and the multiple manholes and the multiple first temperature detectors are also evenly distributed.

[0006] The upper end cap has a tower top oil and gas outlet. The side wall of the first cylinder has a tower top cold reflux inlet, a phenol oil circulating vapor return inlet, and a phenol oil fraction outlet. The tower top cold reflux inlet is located near the top of the first cylinder, and the phenol oil circulating vapor return inlet and the phenol oil fraction outlet are located near the bottom of the first cylinder, with the phenol oil circulating vapor return inlet located above the phenol oil fraction outlet. The side wall of the second cylinder has a middle section reflux inlet, a middle section reflux extraction outlet, a wash oil and gas circulating return inlet, and a wash oil outlet. The wash oil outlet is located below the middle section reflux inlet, and the middle section reflux extraction outlet and the wash oil and gas circulating return inlet are located between the middle section reflux inlet and the wash oil outlet. The side wall of the third cylinder has a feed inlet located near the bottom of the third cylinder. The bottom of the lower end cap has a waste liquid outlet.

[0007] The gas-liquid contact tray assembly is evenly distributed inside the first cylinder, the second cylinder, and the third cylinder, and the gas-liquid contact tray assembly is located between the cold reflux inlet at the top of the column and the feed inlet. The gas-liquid contact tray assembly includes multiple trays and multiple distributors, with each tray corresponding to one distributor. Multiple trays are installed sequentially from top to bottom inside the first cylinder, the second cylinder, and the third cylinder, and the distributors are installed above the corresponding trays.

[0008] According to some embodiments of this application, the top of the upper end cap is further provided with a safety valve port and a safety vent port.

[0009] According to some embodiments of this application, a second temperature detector is provided on the top of the upper end cap.

[0010] According to some embodiments of this application, the skirt support mechanism includes a base ring plate, a skirt, and a skirt transition section. The skirt is installed above the base ring plate, the skirt transition section is disposed above the skirt, and the lower end cap is installed on the skirt transition section.

[0011] According to some embodiments of this application, the skirt support mechanism further includes an air-tight ring, which is disposed between the skirt transition section and the lower end cap. The side wall of the skirt transition section is provided with an exhaust hole, and the side wall of the skirt transition section is provided with a thermal insulation support ring.

[0012] According to some embodiments of this application, the side wall of the skirt seat is also provided with an inspection hole, and the base ring plate is provided with a drain hole.

[0013] According to some embodiments of this application, the washing tower further includes a waste liquid output pipeline, the input end of which is connected to the interior of the lower head through the waste liquid output port, and the output end of which passes through the side wall of the skirt transition section.

[0014] According to some embodiments of this application, the washing tower further includes a tower top suspender, one end of which is connected to the side wall of the first cylinder, and the other end of which is located above the upper end cap.

[0015] According to some embodiments of this application, the washing tower further includes a first pressure measuring instrument and a second pressure measuring instrument. The top of the upper end cap is also provided with a first pressure gauge port. The first pressure measuring instrument is installed on the top of the upper end cap through the first pressure gauge port. The side wall of the third cylinder is also provided with a second pressure gauge port, and the second pressure gauge port is located above the feed inlet. The second pressure measuring instrument is installed on the side wall of the third cylinder through the second pressure gauge port.

[0016] In this application, during the feeding stage: the raw material (such as a mixture containing wash oil, phenolic oil, etc.) is fed into the cylinder from the feed inlet at the bottom of the third cylinder and flows upward within the cylinder. During its ascent, the raw material passes sequentially through the gas-liquid contact tray assemblies in the third, second, and first cylinders. A distributor evenly distributes the liquid onto the tray surface, allowing it to contact the rising raw material counter-currently, achieving mass transfer (such as vaporization of light components and condensation of heavy components) and heat transfer. Cold reflux liquid (such as condensed light components) is injected into the first cylinder through the cold reflux inlet at the top of the column to control the top temperature, promote the condensation of light components, and partially reflux to maintain material balance within the column. Mid-section reflux liquid is injected into the middle of the second cylinder through the mid-section reflux inlet; the extracted liquid phase is cooled and returned to regulate the temperature in the middle of the column, improving fractionation efficiency. Part of the vaporized phenolic oil is reintroduced into the bottom of the first cylinder through the phenolic oil circulation vapor return port to enhance phenolic oil separation. The top oil-gas outlet is used for... The system includes: a light oil and gas outlet (such as uncondensed overhead vapor products); a phenol oil fraction outlet located near the bottom of the first cylinder for collecting separated phenol oil products; a wash oil outlet located at the bottom of the second cylinder for discharging wash oil products; a waste liquid outlet for discharging non-vaporizable heavy component waste liquid; a wash oil and gas recirculation return port for reintroducing part of the wash oil vapor phase into the second cylinder to promote wash oil recovery; a skirt support mechanism for providing stable support to the tower and adapting to high temperature or pressure changes; segmented control: the three cylinders form a temperature gradient (temperature increases from top to bottom), and the temperature of each segment is precisely controlled through multi-stage reflux (top and middle sections) to optimize separation efficiency; manholes and the first temperature detector are evenly distributed for easy monitoring and maintenance; trays and distributors ensure sufficient gas-liquid contact; the design of the phenol oil and wash oil vapor phase recirculation return ports reduces the loss of effective components and improves the recovery rate; and the segmented connection of the cylinders facilitates manufacturing, transportation, and adjustment of the tower height according to different processes. This application achieves efficient separation and energy consumption optimization through this configuration, using a segmented modular structure, multi-stage tray mass transfer, precise temperature control reflux and circulation system. At the same time, the reasonable layout of manholes and detectors ensures operational safety and convenient maintenance, making it particularly suitable for continuous industrial separation scenarios of complex component oil and gas.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood in conjunction with the following description of the embodiments, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the oil washing tower provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure after the upper end cap and the first cylinder are combined, provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second cylinder provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the third cylinder and the lower end cap combined according to an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure label:

[0024] First cylinder 100, top cold reflux inlet 110, phenol oil circulating vapor return inlet 120, phenol oil fraction outlet 130, manhole 140;

[0025] Second cylinder 200, middle section reflux inlet 210, middle section reflux extraction outlet 220, wash oil gas circulation return outlet 230, wash oil outlet 240, first temperature detection port 250;

[0026] The third cylinder 300, the feed inlet 310, the second pressure gauge port 320, the first remote level gauge port 330, the second remote level gauge port 340, and the float level gauge port 350.

[0027] Top head 400, tower top oil and gas outlet 410, safety valve port 420, safety vent port 430, tower top hoist 440, first pressure gauge port 450, second temperature detection port 460, lifting lug 470;

[0028] 500 lower end cap, 510 waste liquid outlet, 520 gas-liquid contact tray assembly, 530 waste liquid outlet pipeline;

[0029] The components are: base ring plate 600, skirt seat 610, skirt seat transition section 620, air barrier ring 630, vent hole 640, thermal insulation support ring 650, inspection hole 660, and drain hole 670. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0031] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0032] In the description of this application, the use of "first" and "second" is for the purpose of distinguishing technical features only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or the order of the technical features indicated.

[0033] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly defined, terms such as "setup," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this application in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0034] As a key separation device in coking, coal chemical, and petrochemical industries, oil washing towers are mainly used for oil and gas washing, component separation, and mass and heat transfer processes. Their structural design directly affects the component separation efficiency and the stability of the unit's operation. Traditional oil washing towers mostly adopt a single-cylinder structure or a simple segmented structure, which suffers from uneven internal fluid distribution, uneven temperature distribution, low gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency, and unreasonable manhole layout leading to inconvenient maintenance and affecting equipment maintenance efficiency. Especially when processing complex components or high-viscosity media, insufficient contact between the gas and liquid phases inside the tower can easily lead to decreased separation efficiency and increased energy consumption. At the same time, local overheating or abnormal temperature gradients may cause coking or equipment corrosion, affecting operational stability.

[0035] To address the aforementioned problems, this application proposes an oil washing tower. The embodiments of this application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] Reference Figures 1 to 4This application provides an oil washing tower, including a first cylindrical body 100, a second cylindrical body 200, a third cylindrical body 300, an upper end cap 400, a lower end cap 500, a gas-liquid contact tray assembly 520, and a skirt support mechanism; the upper end cap 400 is sealed at the top of the first cylindrical body 100, and the lower end cap 500 is sealed at the bottom of the third cylindrical body 300. The bottom of the first cylindrical body 100 is sealed to the top of the second cylindrical body 200, and the bottom of the second cylindrical body 200 is sealed to the top of the third cylindrical body 300. The interiors of the upper end cap 400, the first cylindrical body 100, the second cylindrical body 200, the third cylindrical body 300, and the lower end cap 500 are sealed. The lower end cap 500 is installed on the skirt support mechanism. The side walls of the first cylinder 100, second cylinder 200, and third cylinder 300 are provided with multiple manholes 140 and multiple first temperature detectors from top to bottom, and the manholes 140 and first temperature detectors are evenly distributed. The upper end cap 400 has a tower top oil / gas outlet 410. The side wall of the first cylinder 100 has a tower top cold reflux inlet 110, a phenol oil circulating vapor return outlet 120, and a phenol oil fraction outlet 130. The tower top cold reflux inlet 110 is located near the top of the first cylinder 100, and the phenol oil circulating vapor return outlet... The phenol oil fraction outlet 120 and the phenol oil fraction outlet 130 are located near the bottom of the first cylinder 100, and the phenol oil circulation vapor return port 120 is located above the phenol oil fraction outlet 130; the side wall of the second cylinder 200 has a mid-section reflux inlet 210, a mid-section reflux extraction outlet 220, a wash oil vapor circulation return port 230, and a wash oil outlet 240. The wash oil outlet 240 is located below the mid-section reflux inlet 210, and the mid-section reflux extraction outlet 220 and the wash oil vapor circulation return port 230 are located between the mid-section reflux inlet 210 and the wash oil outlet 240. The side wall of the third cylinder 300 has a feed inlet 310, and the feed inlet 310... Near the bottom of the third cylinder 300, a waste liquid outlet 510 is provided at the bottom of the lower head 500; gas-liquid contact tray assemblies 520 are evenly distributed inside the first cylinder 100, the second cylinder 200 and the third cylinder 300, and the gas-liquid contact tray assemblies 520 are located between the cold reflux inlet 110 at the top of the column and the feed inlet 310. The gas-liquid contact tray assembly 520 includes multiple trays and multiple distributors, with each tray and distributor corresponding to one another. Multiple trays are installed sequentially from top to bottom inside the first cylinder 100, the second cylinder 200 and the third cylinder 300, and the distributors are installed above the corresponding trays.

[0037] In some embodiments, the washing tower further includes a first remote level gauge, a second remote level gauge, and a float level gauge. The side wall of the third cylinder 300 near the bottom is also provided with a first remote level gauge port 330, a second remote level gauge port 340, and a float level gauge port 350. The first remote level gauge port 330 is located below the float level gauge port 350. The second remote level gauge port 340 is located between the float level gauge port 350 and the feed inlet 310. The float level gauge port 350 is located below the feed inlet 310. The first remote level gauge is installed on the side wall of the third cylinder 300 through the first remote level gauge port 330, the second remote level gauge is installed on the side wall of the third cylinder 300 through the second remote level gauge port 340, and the float level gauge is installed on the side wall of the third cylinder 300 through the float level gauge port 350.

[0038] In some embodiments, four first temperature detection ports 250 are evenly provided from top to bottom on the side walls of the first cylinder 100, the second cylinder 200, and the third cylinder 300. Each of the four first temperature detectors corresponds to one of the four first temperature detection ports 250, and the first temperature detectors are installed on the side wall of the first cylinder 100, the second cylinder 200, or the third cylinder 300 through their respective first temperature detection ports 250. In other embodiments, other numbers of first temperature detectors may be provided, and the embodiments are not limited to those described in this application.

[0039] In this embodiment, eight manholes 140 are evenly provided on the side walls of the first cylinder 100, the second cylinder 200 and the third cylinder 300 from top to bottom; in other embodiments, other numbers of manholes 140 may be provided, and are not limited to the embodiments of this application.

[0040] It should be noted that the tray is a key component in the column used for gas-liquid mass transfer, typically a plate structure (such as sieve trays, valve trays, bubble cap trays, etc.), achieving component fractionation or absorption through multiple layers of trays. In an oil wash column, its function is to promote sufficient contact between the oil / gas and the wash oil, improving separation efficiency. The distributor (such as a tubular or trough distributor) is used to evenly distribute the liquid onto the trays, preventing uneven flow or channeling and ensuring efficient mass transfer.

[0041] In some embodiments, the trays are fixed to the inner wall of the tower body by annular support rings. The vertical spacing of each tray layer is designed according to process requirements and is fixed by bolts or welding. The distributor is located above the trays or integrated with the trays (e.g., the downcomer is combined with the distributor). The distributor is connected to the inner wall of the tower body by brackets or flanges to ensure that the liquid uniformly covers the surface of the trays.

[0042] It should be noted that the mid-section reflux outlet 220, or simply mid-section reflux outlet 220, is used to extract a portion of the liquid phase from the middle of the column. After being cooled by an external heat exchanger, it is reinjected into the column through the mid-section reflux inlet 210 to recover heat (such as preheating the feed), adjust the temperature gradient within the column, and optimize separation efficiency. The phenol oil fraction outlet 130 is used to collect the phenol oil fraction (light component product) separated from the washing column. The phenol oil circulating vapor phase return inlet 120 is used to reintroduce a portion of the phenol oil fraction's vapor phase or gas-liquid mixture into the column (to adjust the vapor load or component concentration within the column). By circulating a portion of the phenol oil, the column top temperature can be controlled or the column pressure balanced, thereby improving separation accuracy.

[0043] Specifically, the top oil and gas outlet 410 is used to discharge the light oil and gas (such as phenolic oil fraction) after top treatment; the top cold reflux inlet 110 is used to introduce low-temperature reflux liquid to control the top temperature and promote the condensation of light components; the phenolic oil circulating vapor return inlet 120 is used to reflux part of the phenolic oil vapor back into the column to improve the separation efficiency of light components; the phenolic oil fraction outlet 130 is used to collect and discharge the separated phenolic oil liquid product; the mid-section reflux inlet 210 is used to introduce mid-section circulating reflux liquid to adjust the temperature distribution in the middle of the column and optimize the mass transfer efficiency; and the mid-section reflux extraction outlet 220 is used to extract... Part of the liquid phase is used as mid-section reflux to balance the heat distribution within the column; the wash oil gas return port 230 is used to reintroduce the wash oil gas phase into the column to enhance the washing effect; the wash oil outlet 240 is used to discharge the used wash oil liquid phase, which may be recycled; the feed port 310 is used to input the raw material to be treated (such as oil containing impurities), and its bottom position facilitates countercurrent contact with rising vapor; the waste liquid outlet 510 is used to discharge the treated heavy waste liquid or residue; the trays provide the gas-liquid two-phase contact surface to promote mass transfer (such as absorption, desorption, or distillation); the distributor ensures the liquid... The liquid level is evenly distributed across the trays to prevent uneven flow and improve separation efficiency. The first and second remote level gauges are used for electronic monitoring of the liquid level in the cylinders (e.g., waste liquid level), transmitting signals to the control system for automatic adjustment. A float level gauge is used for mechanical level monitoring, providing local indication or emergency control (e.g., overflow prevention). A first temperature detector (on the sidewalls of each cylinder) monitors the temperature at different heights in real time, providing feedback on the thermodynamic state inside the tower and optimizing operating parameters (e.g., reflux ratio). Manholes 140 (evenly distributed across each cylinder) facilitate personnel access to the tower for maintenance, cleaning, or replacement. The trays are evenly distributed to ensure maintainability of each section; the multi-section cylinder with sealed connections allows the segmented design to adapt to different process stages (such as top rectification, middle washing, and bottom stripping); temperature detectors are evenly distributed to monitor temperature gradients and identify mass transfer anomalies (such as local overheating or insufficient condensation); eight manholes covering the entire tower height ensure convenient maintenance of each section and reduce downtime; level gauges are arranged in layers: the first remote level gauge (bottom) monitors waste liquid discharge, the float level gauge (middle) prevents overflow, and the second remote level gauge (top) controls feed balance. The wash tower achieves efficient gas-liquid mass transfer (such as impurity removal and phenol oil fractionation) through its segmented structure, multi-stage trays, circulating reflux design, and dense monitoring devices, while emphasizing operational stability (temperature and level monitoring) and ease of maintenance (140-degree manhole distribution). The synergistic effect of all components ensures the continuity, safety, and economy of the wash process.

[0044] In this application, during the feeding stage: the raw material (such as a mixture containing wash oil, phenolic oil, etc.) is fed into the tower body through the feed inlet 310 at the bottom of the third cylinder 300 and flows upward within the tower body. During the upward movement, the raw material passes sequentially through the gas-liquid contact tray assembly 520 in the third cylinder 300, the second cylinder 200, and the first cylinder 100. The liquid is evenly distributed onto the tray surface by the distributor, making countercurrent contact with the rising raw material to achieve mass transfer (such as vaporization of light components and condensation of heavy components) and heat transfer; the liquid is then cooled and returned to the top of the tower. Inlet 110 injects cold reflux liquid (such as condensed light components) into the first cylinder 100 to control the top temperature of the column, promote the condensation of light components, and partially reflux to maintain the material balance in the column; through the mid-section reflux inlet 210, mid-section reflux liquid is injected into the middle of the second cylinder 200, and the extracted liquid phase is returned after cooling to regulate the temperature in the middle of the column and improve the fractionation efficiency; through the phenol oil circulating vapor return inlet 120, part of the gaseous phenol oil is reintroduced into the bottom of the first cylinder 100 to enhance the phenol oil separation effect; the top oil and gas transport... Outlet 410 is used to discharge light oil and gas (such as uncondensed overhead vapor products); phenol oil fraction outlet 130 is located near the bottom of the first cylinder 100 and is used to collect the separated phenol oil product; wash oil outlet 240 is located at the bottom of the second cylinder 200 and is used to discharge wash oil product; waste liquid outlet 510 is used to discharge non-vaporizable heavy component waste liquid; wash oil and gas recirculation return port 230 is used to reintroduce part of the wash oil vapor phase into the second cylinder 200 to promote wash oil recovery; the skirt support mechanism is used to provide stability to the tower body. Fixed support adapts to high temperature or pressure changes; segmented control: the three cylinders form a temperature gradient (temperature increases from top to bottom), and the temperature of each segment is precisely controlled through multi-stage reflux (top and middle sections) to optimize separation efficiency; manhole 140 and the first temperature detector are evenly distributed for easy monitoring and maintenance; the trays and distributors ensure sufficient gas-liquid contact; the design of gas-phase circulation return ports for phenolic oil and wash oil reduces the loss of effective components and improves recovery rate; the segmented connection of the cylinders facilitates manufacturing, transportation, and adjustment of the tower height according to different processes. This application, through this configuration, achieves efficient separation and energy consumption optimization through a segmented modular structure, multi-stage tray mass transfer, precise temperature-controlled reflux, and circulation system. At the same time, the reasonable layout of manhole 140 and detectors ensures operational safety and convenient maintenance, making it particularly suitable for continuous industrial separation scenarios involving complex oil and gas components.

[0045] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 It is understandable that the top of the upper end cap 400 is also provided with a safety valve port 420 and a safety vent port 430.

[0046] It should be noted that the safety vent 430 is used for emergency pressure relief and to release residual gas in the tower during shutdown to prevent overpressure or negative pressure; it can also be used to remove air (by replacing it with inert gas) before the oil washing tower starts operating.

[0047] Specifically, the functions of safety valve port 420 are: (1) Overpressure protection: After installing a safety valve at safety valve port 420, when the internal pressure of the container exceeds the set threshold, it will automatically open to release pressure, preventing the equipment from exploding or being damaged due to overpressure; (2) Automatic reset: After pressure release, the safety valve can automatically close and restore the sealing state, reducing media loss. The functions of safety vent port 430 are: (1) Active pressure relief: During equipment maintenance, repair or emergency shutdown, it can be opened manually or through the control system to quickly vent the internal media (gas or liquid);

[0048] (2) Prevent vacuum risks: Avoid the formation of negative pressure after evacuation, which may cause container deformation (e.g., during cleaning or cooling); (3) Media replacement: Used to fill in inert gas (such as nitrogen) to replace hazardous media and ensure operational safety.

[0049] Understandably, a second temperature detector is installed on the top of the upper end cap 400.

[0050] It should be noted that a second temperature detection port 460 is provided on the top of the upper end cap 400, and the second temperature detector is installed on the upper end cap 400 through the second temperature detection port 460.

[0051] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 It is understood that the skirt support mechanism includes a base ring plate 600, a skirt 610, and a skirt transition section 620. The skirt 610 is installed above the base ring plate 600, the skirt transition section 620 is located above the skirt 610, and the lower end cap 500 is installed on the skirt transition section 620.

[0052] Reference Figure 4 It is understandable that the skirt support mechanism also includes an air-tight ring 630, which is located between the skirt transition section 620 and the lower end cap 500. The side wall of the skirt transition section 620 is provided with an exhaust hole 640, and the side wall of the skirt transition section 620 is provided with a thermal insulation support ring 650.

[0053] Reference Figure 4 It is understandable that the side wall of the skirt 610 is also provided with an inspection hole 660, and the base ring plate 600 is provided with a drain hole 670.

[0054] It should be noted that the skirt support 610 is used to support the entire tower body, and the structural stability is enhanced by the pads and stiffeners; the skirt support transition section 620 is used to connect the tower body and the skirt support 610, and is provided with an exhaust hole 640 to discharge the gas accumulated in the skirt support mechanism, and an air gap ring 630 to prevent gas leakage or corrosion; the foundation ring plate 600 is used to fix the tower body to the foundation, and the drain hole 670 is used to discharge the accumulated liquid.

[0055] Specifically, the functions of the foundation ring plate 600 are: (1) to serve as a connecting component between the skirt 610 and the equipment foundation, uniformly transferring the overall weight of the container (including the medium, internal components, etc.) to the foundation, preventing local stress concentration from causing foundation damage; (2) to be connected to the foundation by bolts or welding, enhancing the stability of the equipment against wind, earthquakes and external impacts. The functions of the skirt 610 are: (1) to serve as the load-bearing frame of the vertical container, requiring high strength and fatigue resistance (especially for large high-pressure containers); (2) to adapt to different installation environments (such as uneven ground or equipment process requirements) by adjusting the height of the skirt 610. The functions of the skirt transition section 620 are: (1) to connect the skirt 610 with different diameters or shapes to the lower head 500, alleviating stress concentration caused by structural abrupt changes; (2) to serve as the mounting base for the vent 640 and the insulation support ring 650, realizing a multi-functional integrated design. The functions of the air-tight ring 630 are: (1) to prevent external corrosive gases (such as humid air and chemical vapors) from entering the interior of the skirt 610 and avoid corrosion of the supporting structure; (2) to reduce heat conduction from the end cap 500 to the skirt transition section 620 at high temperatures and reduce the impact of thermal stress on the supporting structure. The functions of the vent 640 are: (1) to discharge the gas accumulated in the skirt transition section 620 (such as welding residual gas or medium leakage gas) and prevent abnormal pressure rise in the closed space; (2) to prevent moisture retention leading to internal corrosion and extend the service life of the skirt 610. The functions of the thermal insulation support ring 650 (side wall of the skirt transition section 620) are: (1) to provide ring support for the thermal insulation material (such as rock wool and aluminum silicate) of the outer wall of the container and prevent the insulation layer from falling off due to gravity or vibration; (2) to enhance the circumferential stiffness of the skirt transition section 620 and resist external loads (such as wind load and seismic shear force). The function of inspection hole 660 (side wall of skirt 610): to facilitate regular inspection of internal corrosion, weld cracks or foreign matter accumulation in skirt 610, in order to meet the periodic inspection specifications for pressure vessels. The function of emergency treatment inlet: in the event of media leakage or fire, inert gas or extinguishing agent can be injected through inspection hole 660. The function of drain hole 670: (1) to drain liquid (such as rainwater or leaked media) accumulated between foundation ring plate 600 and foundation, to prevent liquid corrosion of foundation or uneven foundation settlement; (2) to quickly drain cleaning fluid after flushing, reducing maintenance downtime. Vent holes 640 and thermal insulation support rings 650 are centrally arranged on skirt transition section 620 to reduce external additional parts and lower manufacturing costs.

[0056] In some embodiments, a pad is installed between the bottom of the skirt 610 and the base ring plate 600, or used to fill the gap around the bolt holes. The installation error of the base ring plate 600 is compensated by pads of different thicknesses, ensuring that the contact surface between the skirt 610 and the base ring plate 600 is flat. The pad is also used to evenly distribute the concentrated load transmitted by the skirt 610 onto the base ring plate 600, reducing local stress concentration; buffering vibration: it plays a buffering role under dynamic loads (such as wind load, earthquake), reducing fatigue risk.

[0057] In some embodiments, a cover plate is provided at the bolt connection or weld area between the skirt 610 and the base ring plate 600, or to close the opening at the bottom of the skirt 610. The cover plate is used to cover the bolt head or weld to prevent corrosion, foreign object intrusion or mechanical damage, and also to isolate rainwater and moisture to prevent corrosion of the contact surface between the base ring plate 600 and the skirt 610.

[0058] In some embodiments, stiffening plates are welded between the outer wall of the skirt 610 and the base ring plate 600, and are distributed in a triangular or radial pattern. The stiffening plates are used to resist the bending deformation or torsion of the skirt 610 by increasing the cross-sectional area and moment of inertia. The stiffening plates are also used to guide the load transmitted by the skirt 610 to the base ring plate 600 more evenly, avoid local buckling, enhance overall stability, and reduce the vibration amplitude under dynamic load.

[0059] Reference Figure 4 It is understandable that the washing tower also includes a waste liquid output pipeline 530. The input end of the waste liquid output pipeline 530 is connected to the interior of the lower head 500 through the waste liquid output port 510, and the output end of the waste liquid output pipeline 530 passes through the side wall of the skirt transition section 620.

[0060] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 It is understandable that the washing tower also includes a tower top suspension 440, one end of which is connected to the side wall of the first cylinder 100, and the other end of which is located above the upper head 400.

[0061] In some embodiments, the washing tower further includes a lifting lug 470, which is installed on the outer wall of the head. The lifting lug 470 and the tower top sling 440 are used for lifting during installation and disassembly, improving equipment assembly efficiency.

[0062] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 It is understandable that the oil washing tower also includes a first pressure measuring instrument and a second pressure measuring instrument. The top of the upper head 400 is also provided with a first pressure gauge port 450. The first pressure measuring instrument is installed on the top of the upper head 400 through the first pressure gauge port 450. The side wall of the third cylinder 300 is also provided with a second pressure gauge port 320, and the second pressure gauge port 320 is located above the feed port 310. The second pressure measuring instrument is installed on the side wall of the third cylinder 300 through the second pressure gauge port 320.

[0063] It should be noted that the functions of the first pressure measuring instrument are: (1) to directly measure the pressure of the gas phase space at the top of the washing tower, reflecting the gas-liquid balance state in the tower, and to judge the fractionation efficiency or absorption effect; (2) to detect abnormal pressure fluctuations (such as gas blockage, flooding or overpressure), triggering interlock shutdown or pressure relief devices (such as safety valves) to prevent tower rupture; (3) to provide real-time data for adjusting the reflux flow rate or gas discharge rate of the condenser at the top of the tower, and to optimize energy consumption (e.g., reducing the reflux ratio to save energy). The functions of the second pressure measuring instrument are: (1) to be positioned above the feed inlet 310, which can assess whether the feed pump pressure matches the pressure in the tower, and avoid feeding difficulties or backflow due to pressure difference; (2) to calculate the pressure drop of the packing layer or tray by comparing the pressure of the feed section and the top of the tower, and to judge whether there is blockage or coking (cleaning is required when the pressure drop increases abnormally); (3) to analyze the pressure gradient change in combination with the liquid level gauge data, and to prevent the liquid level from flooding the feed inlet 310 or the gas phase space from being insufficient.

[0064] Specifically, the working steps of the washing oil tower are as follows: (1) Start-up preparation: check the sealing of each component, close the waste liquid outlet 510 and the drain hole 670, inject the initial washing oil through the cold reflux inlet 110 at the top of the tower, establish the liquid level (monitored by the first remote liquid level gauge 330 and the second remote liquid level gauge 340), and the oil-gas mixture containing impurities enters the tower from the feed inlet 310 (near the bottom of the tower). The washing oil is injected from the cold reflux inlet 110 at the top of the tower or in the middle section (such as the washing oil-gas circulation return port 230), and is evenly distributed to each layer of tower trays by the distributor. (2) Segmented absorption and product separation: Top section (first cylinder 100): Cold reflux wash oil absorbs light components (such as residual oil and gas), and the purified gas is discharged from the top oil and gas outlet 410. The internal pressure is monitored through the safety valve port 420 and the pressure gauge port; Middle section (second cylinder 200): Part of the intermediate product is extracted through the middle section reflux outlet 220 and returned through the middle section reflux inlet 210 after heat exchange to maintain temperature balance. The wash oil section absorbs heavier components (such as phenols), and the rich wash oil is discharged from the wash oil outlet 240 for regeneration; Lower section (third cylinder 300): Oil and gas are in deep contact with the wash oil at the feed inlet 310. The wash oil with impurities is finally discharged from the waste liquid outlet 510 through the pipeline. (3) Adjust the cold return flow rate and feed rate in real time by using the detection data of the first temperature detector, the second temperature detector (top and middle of the tower), and the first pressure measuring instrument and the second pressure measuring instrument. Control the liquid level in the tower by using the detection data of the float level gauge and the first and second remote level gauges to prevent flooding or drying out of the tower. (4) Close the feed inlet 310 and drain the liquid in the tower through the waste liquid outlet 510 and the drain hole 670. The staff enters the tower through the manhole 140 to clean the tower trays and check the status of the gas barrier ring 630 and the insulation support ring 650.

[0065] It should be noted that the working mode of the washing oil tower in this application is as follows: (1) Countercurrent contact absorption: the gas phase (containing impurities) flows from bottom to top, and the liquid phase (wash oil) flows from top to bottom, forming a high-efficiency mass transfer interface through the tower tray; (2) Multi-stage operation: Phenolic oil section (near the top of the tower): the washing oil that absorbs phenolic substances is extracted through the phenolic oil fraction outlet 130, and the gas phase that is not completely absorbed may be recycled through the phenolic oil circulation gas phase return port 120; (3) Wash oil section (middle section): fresh wash oil is replenished through the wash oil gas circulation return port 230. Oil, one circulation to regulate heat balance; (4) Bottom treatment section: high concentration impurity washing oil is discharged from the bottom, and feed inlet 310 may introduce supplementary raw materials; (5) Auxiliary system coordination: skirt support mechanism: exhaust accumulated gas through exhaust hole 640, and air isolation ring 630 prevents external gas interference; (6) heat preservation support ring 650: maintain tower temperature and reduce heat loss; (7) prevent overpressure through safety valve port 420, and relieve pressure in emergencies through safety vent port 430; inspection hole 660 and manhole 140 facilitate regular maintenance.

[0066] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0067] The above description is the preferred embodiment of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this application, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of this application.

[0068] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A wash oil column characterized by, include: First cylinder, second cylinder, third cylinder, upper head, lower head, gas-liquid contact tray assembly and skirt support mechanism; The upper end cap is sealed at the top of the first cylinder, and the lower end cap is sealed at the bottom of the third cylinder. The bottom of the first cylinder is sealed to the top of the second cylinder, and the bottom of the second cylinder is sealed to the top of the third cylinder. The interiors of the upper end cap, the first cylinder, the second cylinder, the third cylinder, and the lower end cap are sequentially connected. The lower end cap is installed on the skirt support mechanism. The side walls of the first cylinder, the second cylinder, and the third cylinder are provided with multiple manholes and multiple first temperature detectors from top to bottom, and the multiple manholes and the multiple first temperature detectors are also evenly distributed. The upper end cap has a tower top oil and gas outlet. The side wall of the first cylinder has a tower top cold reflux inlet, a phenol oil circulating vapor return inlet, and a phenol oil fraction outlet. The tower top cold reflux inlet is located near the top of the first cylinder, and the phenol oil circulating vapor return inlet and the phenol oil fraction outlet are located near the bottom of the first cylinder, with the phenol oil circulating vapor return inlet located above the phenol oil fraction outlet. The side wall of the second cylinder has a middle section reflux inlet, a middle section reflux extraction outlet, a wash oil and gas circulating return inlet, and a wash oil outlet. The wash oil outlet is located below the middle section reflux inlet, and the middle section reflux extraction outlet and the wash oil and gas circulating return inlet are located between the middle section reflux inlet and the wash oil outlet. The side wall of the third cylinder has a feed inlet located near the bottom of the third cylinder. The bottom of the lower end cap has a waste liquid outlet. The gas-liquid contact tray assembly is evenly distributed inside the first cylinder, the second cylinder, and the third cylinder, and the gas-liquid contact tray assembly is located between the cold reflux inlet at the top of the column and the feed inlet. The gas-liquid contact tray assembly includes multiple trays and multiple distributors, with each tray corresponding to one distributor. Multiple trays are installed sequentially from top to bottom inside the first cylinder, the second cylinder, and the third cylinder, and the distributors are installed above the corresponding trays.

2. The wash oil column of claim 1, wherein The top of the upper end cap is also provided with a safety valve port and a safety vent port.

3. The wash oil column of claim 1, wherein A second temperature detector is provided on the top of the upper end cap.

4. The wash oil column of claim 1, wherein The skirt support mechanism includes a base ring plate, a skirt, and a skirt transition section. The skirt is installed above the base ring plate, the skirt transition section is located above the skirt, and the lower end cap is installed on the skirt transition section.

5. The wash oil column of claim 4, wherein, The skirt support mechanism also includes an air-tight ring, which is disposed between the skirt transition section and the lower end cap. The side wall of the skirt transition section is provided with an exhaust hole and an insulation support ring.

6. The oil washing tower according to claim 4, characterized in that, The side wall of the skirt seat is also provided with an inspection hole, and the base ring plate is provided with a drainage hole.

7. The wash oil column of claim 4 wherein, The washing tower also includes a waste liquid output pipeline. The input end of the waste liquid output pipeline is connected to the interior of the lower head through the waste liquid output port, and the output end of the waste liquid output pipeline passes through the side wall of the skirt transition section.

8. The wash oil column of claim 1, wherein The washing tower also includes a tower top suspender, one end of which is connected to the side wall of the first cylinder, and the other end of which is located above the upper end cap.

9. The wash oil column of claim 1, wherein The washing tower also includes a first pressure measuring instrument and a second pressure measuring instrument. The top of the upper end cap is also provided with a first pressure gauge port. The first pressure measuring instrument is installed on the top of the upper end cap through the first pressure gauge port. The side wall of the third cylinder is also provided with a second pressure gauge port, and the second pressure gauge port is located above the feed inlet. The second pressure measuring instrument is installed on the side wall of the third cylinder through the second pressure gauge port.

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