Reference electrode calibration device and system

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a reference electrode calibration device, system and method. The device comprises a standard circuit which comprises a loop formed by grounding a standard reference electrode and a second polarized direct-current test piece; the main controller is connected with the polarization switch circuit and is used for controlling the working state of the polarization switch circuit so as to simultaneously control the on-off of paths between a power supply and a first polarization direct-current test piece and between the power supply and a second polarization direct-current test piece in the cathode protection system, and respectively acquiring voltage waveforms of the test reference electrode and the standard reference electrode; checking the potential of the test reference electrode; and the polarization switch circuit is respectively connected with the power supply, the first polarization direct-current test piece and the second polarization direct-current test piece. According to the embodiment of the invention, the respective voltage waveforms of the standard reference electrode and the test reference electrode under synchronous on-off of the access can be acquired, and the test reference electrode is verified based on the two voltage waveforms acquired by the same clock, so that the verification accuracy is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments disclosed herein generally relate to the field of cathodic protection technology for oil pipelines, and particularly to a reference electrode calibration device and system. Background Technology

[0002] Reference electrodes are installed at underground aviation fuel pipelines on the apron to conduct cathodic protection potential tests on the pipelines, ensuring pipeline safety. However, the apron pipeline site may encounter conditions such as high interference currents, improper installation, large humidity fluctuations, and soil subsidence, which can cause errors in the potential collected by the buried reference electrodes. Therefore, the accuracy of the reference electrodes needs to be checked periodically. Utility Model Content

[0003] Embodiments of this disclosure provide a reference electrode calibration apparatus and system designed to address one or more of the problems described above and other potential problems.

[0004] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, a reference electrode calibration device is provided for calibrating a test reference electrode in a cathodic protection system. The test reference electrode in the cathodic protection system and a first polarized DC test piece form a circuit. The first polarized DC test piece is in contact with a pipe protected by the cathodic protection system. The device includes: a standard circuit, including a circuit formed by grounding a standard reference electrode and a second polarized DC test piece; a main controller, connected to a polarization switch circuit, for controlling the operating state of the polarization switch circuit to simultaneously control the on / off state of the path between the power supply and the first polarized DC test piece, and between the power supply and the second polarized DC test piece in the cathodic protection system, and respectively acquiring the voltage waveforms of the test reference electrode and the standard reference electrode to calibrate the potential of the test reference electrode; and a polarization switch circuit, respectively connected to the power supply, the first polarized DC test piece, and the second polarized DC test piece.

[0005] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, a reference electrode calibration system is provided, comprising: a pipeline disposed underground; a cathodic protection system including a test reference electrode and a first polarized DC test piece for cathodic protection of the pipeline; and a reference electrode calibration device of the first aspect.

[0006] It should be understood that the description in the Summary of the Invention section is not intended to limit the key or essential features of the embodiments of this disclosure, nor is it intended to restrict the scope of this disclosure. Other features of this disclosure will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0007] The above and other features, advantages, and aspects of the embodiments of this disclosure will become more apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements, wherein:

[0008] Figure 1 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a reference electrode calibration apparatus according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0009] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating an example environment in which various embodiments of this disclosure may be implemented;

[0010] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing a comparison display of voltage waveforms on a display, illustrating some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0011] Figure 4 This diagram illustrates the working principle of polarization switching circuits according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0012] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a signal sampling circuit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0013] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a first power supply circuit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0014] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a second power supply circuit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0015] Figure 8 A schematic block diagram of a reference electrode calibration system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown; Detailed Implementation

[0016] Preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0017] The term "comprising" and its variations as used herein signify an open-ended inclusion, i.e., "including but not limited to". Unless otherwise stated, the term "or" means "and / or". The term "based on" means "at least partially based on". The terms "one example embodiment" and "one embodiment" mean "at least one example embodiment". The term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment". Terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", and "rear", indicating placement or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the purpose of describing the principles of this disclosure, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed or operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting this disclosure.

[0018] As mentioned earlier, cathodic protection systems are a crucial component of oil and gas pipeline corrosion protection systems. They protect pipelines from electrochemical corrosion in the event of partial failure of the pipeline's anti-corrosion coating. To determine the effectiveness of pipeline cathodic protection, a reference electrode is installed as a potential sampling point to determine the polarization potential. However, due to factors such as large interference currents, improper installation, significant humidity fluctuations, and soil subsidence, the potential data provided by the reference electrode may be inaccurate. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically verify the accuracy of the reference electrode.

[0019] Some existing technologies require excavating the test reference electrode from underground, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Furthermore, the location of the excavated test reference electrode is not fixed, leading to potential variations and significant measurement errors. Other existing technologies directly collect the potential of the test reference electrode using ground-based test stakes or intelligent data acquisition devices. While this avoids excavating the electrode, it requires complex wiring and debugging of multiple distributed testing devices, resulting in a complex and inefficient process. Regardless of the method, a calibrated standard reference electrode must be brought to the calibration environment to test the voltage cutoff between the standard reference electrode and the pipeline protected by the cathodic protection system, as well as between the test reference electrode and the pipeline, and the difference between these voltage cutoff values ​​must be calculated. When the potential of the test reference electrode remains unchanged, the calculated difference should be a fixed value that can be preset and determined during testing. By verifying whether the difference matches the fixed value, it is possible to determine whether the potential of the test reference electrode is normal. The test reference electrode, being part of the cathodic protection system, is normally connected to the intelligent data acquisition unit installed on-site, allowing its de-energized voltage to be directly obtained. However, the standard reference electrode, not being part of the cathodic protection system, typically requires manual measurement of its de-energized voltage using instruments such as a multimeter. This calibration method results in the test and standard reference electrodes being de-energized separately, preventing simultaneous de-energization. Furthermore, the different voltage data acquisition methods may lead to discrepancies in data reading times, making it difficult to accurately compare the voltages of the two reference electrodes at the same time during calibration, resulting in significant calibration errors.

[0020] To address this, embodiments of this disclosure propose a reference electrode calibration device. In embodiments of this disclosure, the device may include a standard circuit, a main controller, and a polarization switch circuit. The standard circuit may consist of a standard reference electrode and a second polarized DC test piece, both of which can be grounded and form a circuit through an electrolyte medium such as soil or concrete. The main controller may be connected to the polarization switch circuit to generate commands to control the polarization switch circuit, allowing the polarization switch circuit to synchronously switch the on / off state of the path between the power supply and the first polarized DC test piece, and between the power supply and the second polarized DC test piece in the cathodic protection system. Furthermore, the polarization switch circuit may also be connected to the power supply, the first polarized DC test piece, and the second polarized DC test piece.

[0021] With this structure, the polarization switching circuit, under the control of the main controller, can simultaneously de-energize the circuits of both the test reference electrode and the standard reference electrode, and acquire voltage data of the test reference electrode and the standard reference electrode through the main controller, ensuring that the acquired voltage waveforms are consistent on the clock. Furthermore, by forming a potential monitoring circuit between the second polarized DC test piece and the standard reference electrode in the calibration environment (the environment where the test reference electrode is located), the potential reference points of the two reference electrodes in the same calibration environment can be different (the potential reference point of the test reference electrode is the first polarized DC test piece, and the potential reference point of the standard reference electrode is the second polarized DC test piece). Combined with adjusting the physical distance between the standard reference electrode and the second polarized DC test piece, the physical distance between the two reference electrodes relative to their respective reference points can be made consistent, thus ensuring that the voltage data acquired when the potential at the test reference point is normal is identical. This eliminates the need for pre-calculation of the ideal voltage difference between the two reference electrodes, which is necessary because the physical distances between the two reference electrodes relative to the reference point differ, leading to different voltage data. Instead, the accuracy of the test reference electrodes can be directly verified by comparing the voltage waveforms to determine if differences exist. The verification process is simpler and the results are more accurate.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a reference electrode calibration apparatus 100 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. For example... Figure 1As shown, the device 100 is used to calibrate the test reference electrode in the cathodic protection system 104. The test reference electrode in the cathodic protection system 104 and the first polarized DC test piece form a circuit. The first polarized DC test piece is in contact with the pipeline protected by the cathodic protection system 104. The device 100 includes a standard circuit 101, which includes a circuit formed by grounding the standard reference electrode and the second polarized DC test piece. The standard reference electrode is a reference electrode used to provide a stable and known electrode potential. As an example, the potential of the standard reference electrode can be determined in advance in a laboratory with a known environment by testing the potential of the standard reference electrode relative to a standard hydrogen electrode under specific conditions. The circuit can be formed by directly inserting the standard reference electrode and the second polarized DC test piece into the electrolyte medium at the calibration site after arrival, or by inserting the standard reference electrode and the second polarized DC test piece into an electrolyte medium that is pre-collected or manufactured and identical to that at the calibration site. The latter can be formed by placing the entire device in the environment of the calibration site at the start of calibration. The distance between the standard reference electrode and the second polarized DC test piece can be determined based on the distance between the test reference electrode and the pipeline at the calibration site. This is to avoid different electrolyte resistances in the potential monitoring circuit due to different distances, which would cause changes in the potential difference and increase the difficulty of calibration.

[0023] The device 100 includes a main controller 102 connected to a polarization switch circuit 103. The main controller 102 controls the operation of the polarization switch circuit 103 to simultaneously control the on / off state of the power supply and the first polarized DC test piece, and the power supply and the second polarized DC test piece in the cathodic protection system 104. It also acquires the voltage waveforms of the test reference electrode and the standard reference electrode to verify the potential of the test reference electrode. Depending on the specific model selected, the main controller 102 can directly acquire voltage signals or acquire voltage signals by connecting a signal sampling circuit. The signal sampling circuit may include an amplifier for signal amplification and an analog-to-digital converter (AD converter) for analog-to-digital conversion. The voltage signal acquired from the test reference electrode can be the potential difference between the potential of the test reference electrode and the potential of the second polarized DC test piece. The voltage signal acquired from the standard reference electrode can be the potential difference between the potential of the standard reference electrode and the potential of the first polarized DC test piece. When the distances between the standard reference electrode and the second polarized DC test piece, as well as the distance between the test reference electrode and the pipe, are the same, the detected voltage signals should be identical if the test reference electrode shows no abnormalities. This allows verification of the accuracy of the test reference electrode's potential by comparing its voltage waveform with that of the standard reference electrode. Voltage waveform comparison methods include, for example, manually observing and comparing the displayed waveforms, or using the oscilloscope's built-in mathematical calculation functions to quickly calculate the average difference between voltage waveforms or the difference at a specified node position using methods such as sliding window averaging or fast Fourier transform. This difference can then be manually determined based on experience or by comparing it with preset values ​​to determine if it exceeds an acceptable threshold, thereby verifying the accuracy of the test reference electrode's potential.

[0024] The device 100 includes a polarization switch circuit 103, which is connected to a power supply, a first polarized DC test piece, and a second polarized DC test piece. The polarization switch circuit 103 can be configured with two synchronously controlled switching channels, each controlling the on / off state of an independent circuit. This achieves synchronous disconnection of the pathways between the power supply and the first polarized DC test piece, and between the power supply and the second polarized DC test piece, allowing the main controller 102 to synchronously acquire the de-energization voltages of the test reference electrode and the standard reference electrode. The types of polarization switches include, but are not limited to, semiconductor switches, solid-state relays, photoelectric switches, and magnetic switches. Taking a solid-state relay as an example, the polarization switch relay can be directly connected to the main controller 102, or it can be connected to the main controller 102 through a Darlington transistor array, so that the on / off state of the switching channels in the polarization switch can be switched by controlling the relay.

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram 200 illustrates an example environment in which several embodiments of this disclosure may be implemented. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the environment 200 includes a standard reference electrode 201, a second polarized DC test piece 202, a calibration box 203, a cathodic protection system, and a pipeline 212. The standard reference electrode 201 and the second polarized DC test piece 202 can be at least partially inserted into the ground 207 to form a potential monitoring loop through electrolytes such as soil and concrete. The cathodic protection system may include a power supply 208, an anode ground bed 209, a first polarized DC test piece 210, and a test reference electrode 211. The power supply 208 provides current to the cathodic protection system to maintain a set protection potential; for example, it can be a potentiostat, rectifier, etc. The power supply 208 can be installed in a location that is easy to monitor and maintain, such as in a ground station building, a control room near the protected pipeline, or it can be directly buried in an underground protective box. The anode ground bed 209 can be connected to the power supply 208 via a cable 206, allowing current to flow from the power supply 208, through the anode ground bed 209, into the surrounding electrolyte medium, and then into the protected pipeline 212. The test reference electrode 211 is positioned near the pipe 212 to form another potential monitoring loop. A first polarized DC test piece 210 is also placed on the pipe 212 to provide a potential acquisition point. The calibration box 203 can house a main controller, a polarization switch circuit, and a display. Through wires and terminals on the calibration box 203 panel, the polarization switch circuit can be connected to the standard reference electrode 201, the second polarized DC test piece 202, the power supply 208, the first polarized DC test piece 210, and the test reference electrode 211, allowing the polarization switch circuit to simultaneously connect or disconnect the paths between the power supply 208 and the first polarized DC test piece 210, and between the power supply 208 and the second polarized DC test piece 202. The main controller can obtain the voltages of the standard reference electrode and the test reference electrode through direct acquisition or signal sampling circuit acquisition, and display the voltage waveforms on the display. The test reference electrode 211 and the first polarized DC test piece 210 can be connected to the ground 207 via test piles 204 or directly via cable 206, eliminating the need to excavate them during calibration. Taking test pile 204 as an example, the power supply 208, the first polarized DC test piece 210, and the test reference electrode 211 can all be connected to the terminal block 205 on the test pile 204 via cable 206, passing inside the pile. This allows the calibration box 203 to connect to the cathodic protection system via wiring to the terminal block 205. In this way, the polarization switch circuit can simultaneously de-energize both the test reference electrode circuit and the standard reference electrode circuit, ensuring consistent clock speeds for the voltage waveforms acquired by the main controller. Furthermore, the accuracy of the test reference electrode can be directly verified by comparing the voltage waveforms, simplifying the calibration process and resulting in more accurate calibration results.

[0026] Figure 3A schematic diagram 300 showing a comparison display of voltage waveforms on a display according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the main controller 102 can display the voltage waveforms of the two reference electrodes on a display screen. The voltage waveforms can be as follows: Figure 3 The waveforms are displayed separately, or they can be displayed in the same coordinate system using different colors and / or line segment types, or other methods. In addition to the waveforms, the display can also show the polarization current, current density, on-state voltage, and off-state voltage corresponding to the loops of the two reference electrodes. The polarization current can be obtained through the main controller or through a signal sampling circuit. The current density needs to be calculated based on the AC voltage collected by the AC polarization test piece. The on-state voltage can be the voltage data within a certain period before the polarization switching circuit disconnects the circuit. Although the voltage data collected after the polarization switching circuit disconnects the circuit are all off-state voltages, the off-state voltage displayed on the display can generally be the off-state voltage data when the data tends to stabilize after a certain period of power outage, or it can be the most recently collected off-state voltage data, etc. By observing and comparing two voltage waveforms, staff can verify the potential of the test reference electrode based on the voltage waveform of the standard reference electrode. If, by comparing multiple inflection points or designated nodes on the curve, the values ​​of the inflection points / nodes and / or the trend of the curve's change are basically consistent, the curves are considered to be essentially overlapping, and the potential of the test reference electrode can be considered accurate. However, if there are significant differences between the voltage waveforms, the potential of the test reference electrode can be considered inaccurate and needs to be replaced. In other embodiments, the specific difference between the voltage waveforms can be quickly calculated using the mathematical calculation function of an oscilloscope, sliding window averaging, or fast Fourier transform algorithms. The magnitude of the difference compared to a preset value is then used to determine whether the waveform error exceeds an acceptable threshold, thereby verifying the accuracy of the test reference electrode's potential.

[0027] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the polarization switch circuit may include one polarization switch having a first switching channel and a second switching channel, or two polarization switches having a first switching channel and a second switching channel, respectively. The first switching channel is used to switch the path between the power supply and the first polarized DC test piece, and the second switching channel is used to switch the path between the power supply and the second polarized DC test piece. Figure 4 A schematic diagram 400 illustrating the operating principle of polarization switching circuits according to some embodiments of this disclosure is shown, such as... Figure 4As shown, the polarization switch circuit may include a dual-channel polarization switch K1. The first switching channel of the dual-channel polarization switch K1 can be connected to the first terminal J1 to connect to the first polarized DC test piece through the first terminal J1. The second switching channel can be connected to the third terminal J3 to connect to the second polarized DC test piece through the third terminal J3. This dual-channel polarization switch K1 can synchronously switch the first and second switching channels to a connected or disconnected state, realizing synchronous power-off of the corresponding paths of the first and second polarized DC test pieces, so that the acquisition clock of the acquired open-circuit voltage is the same. Each terminal can be set individually or uniformly on a terminal panel. The terminal panel can be set on... Figure 2 The calibration box 203 is located in environment 200 shown. Furthermore, the second terminal J2 can be used to connect to a standard reference electrode, and the fourth terminal J4 can be used to connect to a test reference electrode. When sampling the voltage signal, the main controller or signal sampling circuit can be connected to the terminal corresponding to the object to be tested to acquire the corresponding sampling signal.

[0028] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the apparatus may further include a test circuit that connects the polarization switch circuit and the first polarized DC test piece respectively. The test circuit may include multiple first test branches, each with a resistor of a different resistance value. The main controller may be connected to the test circuit via a single-pole multi-throw switch, or it may be connected to each of the first test branches via multiple switches, for selecting one branch from the multiple first test branches to connect to the path between the polarization switch circuit and the first polarized DC test piece. The standard circuit may further include multiple second test branches, each with a resistor of a different resistance value. The main controller may be connected to the standard circuit via a single-pole multi-throw switch, or it may be connected to each of the second test branches via multiple switches, for selecting one branch from the multiple second test branches to connect to the path between the polarization switch circuit and the second polarized DC test piece. To avoid the influence of the polarization environment, the switches are preferably polarization switches. To determine the accuracy of the test reference electrode from multiple dimensions, the polarization current flowing to the first and second polarized DC test plates can be collected. To ensure the collected current signal is within a reasonable range, different resistors with varying resistance values ​​can be connected in series to adjust the current magnitude by selecting different first / second test branches. For ease of direct observation and comparison of the collected current signals, the resistance values ​​in the first and second test branches are identical at the same time.

[0029] As an example, such as Figure 4As shown, the test circuit can be configured with two first test branches, each containing resistors R1 and R2. The standard circuit can also have two second test branches, each containing resistors R3 and R4. Selecting different test branches results in different resistance values ​​in the path, thus changing the current flow. This allows for adjustment of the current magnitude based on the selected signal acquisition method and its corresponding data sampling range, ensuring the current remains within the data sampling range. For example, R1 and R3 can be 10 ohms, while R2 and R4 can be 100 ohms. Selecting the first test branch with resistor R1 and the second test branch with resistor R3 allows for one type of current adjustment. Selecting the first test branch with resistor R2 and the second test branch with resistor R4 allows for another type of current adjustment. Various test branches can be configured to meet different current testing ranges, with the resistance of each test branch selected according to the current testing range.

[0030] In some embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 4 As shown, the test circuit may further include a first switch K2, which is connected between the third terminal J3 corresponding to the first polarized DC test piece and each of the first test branches, for selecting different branches to connect to the first polarized DC test piece. The standard circuit also includes a second switch K3, which is connected between the first terminal J1 corresponding to the second polarized DC test piece and each of the second test branches, for selecting different branches to connect to the second polarized DC test piece. The first resistor R1 may have the same resistance value as the third resistor R3, and the second resistor R2 may have the same resistance value as the fourth resistor R4. At the same time, the first test branch corresponding to the first resistor R1 and the second test branch corresponding to the third resistor R3 have the same on / off state, and the first test branch corresponding to the second resistor R2 and the second test branch corresponding to the fourth resistor R4 have the same on / off state.

[0031] In some embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 4As shown, the test circuit may further include a third switch K4, which is connected to both the first polarized DC test piece and the polarized AC test piece in the cathodic protection system. The third switch K4 is also connected in series with the first switch K2 to select the path between the first polarized DC test piece and the first switch K2, or between the polarized AC test piece and the first switch K2. The polarized AC test piece is in contact with the pipeline. Specifically, the polarized AC test piece can be connected to the third switch K4 via the fifth terminal J5. In addition to the voltage signal, the current density of the test reference electrode can also be determined to assess the accuracy of the test reference electrode from multiple data dimensions. The current density can be calculated from the AC signal; therefore, the third switch K4 can be used to switch between the first polarized DC test piece and the polarized AC test piece to acquire either DC or AC signals as needed.

[0032] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the device may further include a signal sampling circuit connected to the standard circuit, the test circuit, and the main controller, respectively, for acquiring voltage signals from the test reference electrode and the standard reference electrode, and transmitting the voltage signals to the main controller. The signal sampling circuit may include at least one analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to acquire voltage / current signals. The device can acquire voltage and current signals from different locations using multiple signal sampling circuits, or it can acquire voltage and current signals from different locations using different branches of a single signal sampling circuit. Depending on the object of the acquired signal, the connection points of the signal sampling circuit may differ. For example, when acquiring the voltage signal of the test reference electrode, the input terminal of the signal sampling circuit can be directly connected to the test reference electrode; when acquiring the current signal of the test circuit, the input terminal of the signal sampling circuit can be connected to the input terminal of the second switching channel of the polarization switching circuit.

[0033] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the signal sampling circuit may include an amplifier circuit connected to a standard circuit, a test circuit, and an AD converter, respectively. The amplifier circuit includes at least two amplifiers for amplifying the voltage signals of the test reference electrode and the standard reference electrode, respectively. The AD converter, connected to the main controller, is used to convert the acquired voltage signal from an analog signal to a digital signal and then output a voltage waveform to the main controller. Figure 5 A schematic diagram 500 showing the circuit structure of a signal sampling circuit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown, such as... Figure 5As shown, the signal sampling circuit may include at least one amplifier branch and an AD converter U1, and the branch structures of each amplifier branch may be identical. For example, the amplifier branch may include a first amplifier U2. The input terminal of the first amplifier U2 is connected to the input terminal of the signal sampling circuit through a fifth resistor R5, and the output terminal of the first amplifier U2 is connected to one input terminal of the AD converter U1 through a sixth resistor R6. The ground terminal of the first amplifier U2 can be grounded in the calibration environment, or it can be connected differently depending on the signal acquisition object (for example, when acquiring the voltage signal of the test reference electrode, it can be connected to the second polarized DC test piece). In addition to being directly connected to the main controller, the output terminal of the AD converter U1 can also be connected to a digital isolator between the output terminal and the main controller to provide electrical isolation and prevent high voltage differences from damaging the device.

[0034] In some embodiments of this disclosure, each amplifier is connected in parallel with a capacitor for filtering the voltage signal. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the first amplifier U2 can also be connected in parallel with the first capacitor C1 to filter the signal. Furthermore, the input terminals of the first amplifier U2 can be connected to the first diode D1 and the second diode D2, respectively. The first diode D1 is connected to ground in reverse polarity, and the second diode D2 is connected to ground in forward polarity, to provide overvoltage protection for the first amplifier U2. The first amplifier U2 can also be connected in parallel with a fourth switch K5. The fourth switch K5 is used to select a third test branch with resistors of different resistance values, so that the amplification factor of the first amplifier U2 can be adjusted by changing the selected third test branch.

[0035] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the polarization switch circuit K1 is connected to the underground power supply and the first polarized DC test piece in the cathodic protection system via test piles placed on the ground, so that the power supply and the first polarized DC test piece can be wired through the terminal block set on the ground by the test piles without digging them out or moving them.

[0036] Figure 6 A circuit structure diagram 600 of a first power supply circuit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown, such as... Figure 6As shown, the device can also be equipped with a first power supply circuit to power the display and main controller. The first power supply circuit can include a power supply E1, which can be a built-in battery or a power supply connected to a cathodic protection system. The voltage of power supply E1 is filtered by a third capacitor C3 (one end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the input terminal of the buck converter U4 in the figure, and the other end is grounded) before being input to the buck converter U4. The buck converter U4 converts the voltage and outputs it, ensuring that the output voltage meets the power requirements of the display, main controller, and other devices. For devices with higher voltage requirements, the voltage output from the buck converter U4 can be input to a linear regulator U5 to further convert the voltage into a more precise and stable output voltage. In practical use, different voltage values ​​can be connected to different devices according to their specific power requirements. In addition, a fourth capacitor C4 (one end of the fourth capacitor C4 in the figure is connected to the input terminal of the first linear regulator U5, and the other end is grounded) and a fifth capacitor C5 (one end of the fifth capacitor C5 in the figure is connected to the output terminal of the linear regulator U5, and the other end is grounded) can be set in the first power supply circuit to filter the output voltages of the buck converter U4 and the first linear regulator U5 respectively. A first inductor L1 and a second inductor L2 can also be set between the output terminal of the buck converter U4 and the input terminal of the first linear regulator U5, and between the output terminal of the first linear regulator U5 and the +3V output voltage respectively to smooth the output current. A fifth diode D5 and a sixth diode D6 can also be grounded at the output terminal of the buck converter U4 and the input terminal of the first linear regulator U5 respectively to prevent reverse voltage from damaging the components.

[0037] Figure 7 A circuit structure schematic diagram 700 of a second power supply circuit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown, such as... Figure 7As shown, the amplifier in the signal sampling circuit requires a higher and negative supply voltage. The device can also include a second power supply circuit to further convert the stable voltage obtained from the first power supply circuit, outputting a voltage that meets the amplifier's power requirements. The second power supply circuit may include a DC / DC converter U6, a second linear regulator U7, and a third linear regulator U8. The voltage output from the first power supply circuit is regulated by the third inductor L3 and filtered by the sixth capacitor C6 before being input to the DC / DC converter U6. The DC / DC converter U6 converts the voltage to meet the amplifier's requirements, and then the second and third linear regulators U7 and U8 respectively convert the positive and negative voltages into a more precise and stable output voltage, which then powers the amplifier in the signal sampling circuit. In addition, the second power supply circuit can use grounded seventh capacitor C7 and eighth capacitor C8 at the positive and negative input terminals of DC / DC converter U6 for filtering, or grounded ninth capacitor C9 and tenth capacitor C10 at the output terminals of second linear regulator U7 and third linear regulator U8 for filtering, or thirteenth resistor R13 and fourteenth resistor R14 at the output terminals of second linear regulator U7 and third linear regulator U8 as load resistors to ensure normal operation of the regulators, and can also be used between the positive output voltage of second linear regulator U7. A fourth inductor L4 and a sixth inductor L6 are respectively set between the output terminal of the third linear regulator U8 and the negative output voltage to smooth the current. The GND pin of the DC / DC converter U6 is also grounded through the fifth inductor L5. The end of the fifth inductor L5 connected to the DC / DC converter U is also connected to the connection between the seventh capacitor C7 and the eighth capacitor C8, as well as the connection between the thirteenth resistor R13 and the fourteenth resistor R14. The grounded end of the fifth inductor L5 is connected to the connection between the ninth capacitor C9 and the tenth capacitor C10 to isolate and reduce interference between different regulators.

[0038] Figure 8 A schematic block diagram of a reference electrode calibration system 800 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown, such as Figure 8As shown, system 800 may include a reference electrode calibration device 100, a cathodic protection system 104, and a pipeline 212. The pipeline 212 is located underground. The cathodic protection system 104 includes a first polarized DC test piece 210 and a test reference electrode 211, used for cathodic protection of the pipeline 212. The reference electrode calibration device 100 includes a main controller 102, a standard circuit 101, and a polarization switch circuit 103. Under the control of the main controller 102, the polarization switch circuit 103 can synchronously de-energize the second polarized DC test piece in the standard circuit 101 and the first polarized DC test piece 210 in the cathodic protection system 104, ensuring that the acquisition clock of the voltage waveform obtained by the main controller 102 is consistent. Furthermore, the accuracy of the test reference electrode can be directly verified by comparing the voltage waveforms, making the verification process simpler and the verification results more accurate.

[0039] While several specific implementation details are included in the foregoing discussion, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure. Certain features described in the context of individual embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single implementation. Conversely, various features described in the context of a single implementation may also be implemented individually or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple implementations.

[0040] Although the subject matter has been described using language specific to structural features and / or methodological logic, it should be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or actions described above. Rather, the specific features and actions described above are merely illustrative examples of implementing the claims.

[0041] The various embodiments of this disclosure have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, and are not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or technical improvements to the embodiments in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A reference electrode calibration device (100) for calibrating a test reference electrode in a cathodic protection system (104), wherein the test reference electrode in the cathodic protection system (104) and a first polarized DC test piece form a circuit, and the first polarized DC test piece is in contact with a pipe protected by the cathodic protection system (104), characterized in that, The device (100) includes: The standard circuit (101) includes a loop formed by grounding a standard reference electrode and a second polarized DC test piece; The main controller (102), connected to the polarization switch circuit (103), is used to control the operating state of the polarization switch circuit (103) to simultaneously control the on / off state of the power supply in the cathodic protection system (104) between the power supply and the first polarized DC test piece, and between the power supply and the second polarized DC test piece, and to acquire the voltage waveforms of the test reference electrode and the standard reference electrode respectively, so as to verify the potential of the test reference electrode; and The polarization switch circuit (103) is connected to the power supply, the first polarized DC test piece, and the second polarized DC test piece, respectively.

2. The apparatus (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that The polarization switch circuit (103) includes a polarization switch having a first switching channel and a second switching channel, or two polarization switches having a first switching channel and a second switching channel respectively; the first switching channel is used to switch the path between the power supply and the first polarized DC test piece; the second switching channel is used to switch the path between the power supply and the second polarized DC test piece.

3. The apparatus (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that It also includes a test circuit that connects the polarization switch circuit (103) and the first polarized DC test piece respectively. The test circuit includes multiple first test branches, each of which has a resistor with a different resistance value. The main controller is connected to the test circuit and is used to select one branch from the multiple first test branches to connect to the path between the polarization switch circuit (103) and the first polarized DC test piece. The standard circuit also includes multiple second test branches, each of which has a resistor with a different resistance value; the main controller (102) is connected to the standard circuit and is used to select one branch from the multiple second test branches to connect to the path between the polarization switch circuit (103) and the second polarization DC test piece; the selected first test branch and the second test branch have the same resistance value.

4. The apparatus (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that The test circuit further includes a first switch, which is connected between the first polarized DC test piece and each of the first test branches, for selecting different branches to connect to the first polarized DC test piece; and The standard circuit also includes a second switch, which is connected between the second polarized DC test piece and each of the second test branches, for selecting different branches to connect to the second polarized DC test piece.

5. The apparatus (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that The test circuit also includes a third switch, which is connected to the first polarized DC test piece and the polarized AC test piece in the cathodic protection system (104) respectively. The third switch is also connected in series with the first switch to select the path between the first polarized DC test piece and the first switch, or between the polarized AC test piece and the first switch; the polarized AC test piece is in contact with the pipeline.

6. The apparatus (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that Also includes: The signal sampling circuit is connected to the standard circuit, the test circuit and the main controller (102) respectively, and is used to collect the voltage signals of the test reference electrode and the standard reference electrode respectively, and transmit the voltage signals to the main controller (102).

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein, The signal sampling circuit includes: An amplifier circuit is connected to the standard circuit, the test circuit, and the AD converter, respectively. The amplifier circuit includes at least two amplifiers for amplifying the voltage signals of the test reference electrode and the standard reference electrode, respectively. The AD converter is connected to the main controller and is used to convert the acquired voltage signal from an analog signal to a digital signal and then output a voltage waveform to the main controller.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein, Each of the amplifiers is connected in parallel with a capacitor for filtering the voltage signal.

9. The apparatus (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that The polarization switch circuit (103) is connected to the power supply located underground in the cathodic protection system (104) and the first polarized DC test piece via test piles placed on the ground.

10. A reference electrode verification system (800), characterized by include: Pipeline (212) is located underground; A cathodic protection system (104) including a test reference electrode and a first polarized DC test piece is used for cathodic protection of the pipeline; and The reference electrode calibration apparatus (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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