Underground coal mine axial mechanical slotting device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an underground coal mine axial mechanical slotting device which comprises an upper outer cylinder, one end of the upper outer cylinder is in threaded connection with an upper connector, a piston rod is arranged in the upper outer cylinder, a through hole is axially formed in the piston rod, a piston is fixed to the end, close to the upper connector, of the piston rod, and a shunt valve is arranged between the piston and the upper connector. The other end of the upper outer cylinder is in threaded connection with a lower sleeve body, a limiting table is fixed to the inner wall of the lower sleeve body and connected with the piston through a spring, the piston rod is sleeved with the spring, two longitudinal cutter grooves are symmetrically formed in the outer side of the lower sleeve body, cutter wings are arranged in the cutter grooves, and the cutter wings are hinged to the lower sleeve body through pins. The tail end of the lower sleeve body is in threaded connection with a lantern ring, and the end, away from the lower sleeve body, of the lantern ring is in threaded connection with a guide mechanism. The coal mine underground axial mechanical slotting device is matched with a guide mechanism to achieve prefabricated directional slotting before blasting, and the problem that in the prior art, a coal mine underground slotting device cannot conduct directional slotting is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of underground mechanical slit cutting technology in coal mines, specifically relating to an axial mechanical slit cutting device for underground coal mines. Background Technology

[0002] Rockbursts in coal mines are a serious geological hazard threatening safe production. Currently, borehole blasting is a common prevention method, but traditional blasting methods suffer from problems such as the inability to create directional fractures and the dispersion of blast energy, leading to insufficient release of rockburst. Existing technology lacks a device that can pre-form directional fractures on the inner wall of the blasting borehole, failing to meet the needs of safe and efficient coal mining. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an axial mechanical slit cutting device for underground coal mines, which solves the problem that existing underground slit cutting devices for coal mines cannot perform directional slit cutting.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows:

[0005] An axial mechanical slitting device for underground coal mines includes an upper outer cylinder, one end of which is threaded to an upper connector. A piston rod is installed inside the upper outer cylinder, and an axial through hole is opened in the piston rod. A piston is fixed at the end of the piston rod near the upper connector. A water distribution valve is installed between the piston and the upper connector. The other end of the upper outer cylinder is threaded to a lower sleeve. A limit platform is fixed on the inner wall of the lower sleeve. The limit platform is connected to the piston by a spring. The spring is sleeved on the piston rod. Two longitudinal cutter grooves are symmetrically opened on the outer side of the lower sleeve. Cutter wings are installed in the cutter grooves. The cutter wings are hinged to the lower sleeve by pins. A collar is threaded to the end of the lower sleeve. A guide mechanism is threaded to the end of the collar away from the lower sleeve.

[0006] The features of this utility model also include:

[0007] The guiding mechanism includes a guide body, which is a cylindrical structure with a central hole. The guide body has three guide grooves evenly distributed around its circumference. A positioning pin is fixed at both ends of the bottom of each guide groove. A guide spring is sleeved on each positioning pin. The outer ends of the two guide springs in each guide groove are connected to a guide spring block, which is a block structure with an arc surface. A guide head is threaded to the end of the guide body.

[0008] When the guide spring is in a free state, the vertical distance between the bottom of the guide groove and the highest point of the arc surface of the guide block is greater than the depth of the guide groove.

[0009] The guide grooves are evenly arranged at 120° intervals along the circumference of the guide body.

[0010] The upper connector, upper outer cylinder, lower sleeve body, guide body and guide head are interconnected, and the guide head is connected to the outside.

[0011] The water distribution valve includes a disc, which is a circular flat plate. The diameter of the disc is matched with the inner diameter of the upper outer cylinder. A conical shaft is fixed at the center of the disc. Water passage holes are evenly opened on the disc along the circumference of the conical shaft. The number of water passage holes is not less than four. The end of the conical shaft away from the disc extends into the through hole of the piston rod, and the diameter of the conical shaft is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole.

[0012] The piston rod has a tapered ramp at one end near the blade, and each blade has a back ramp that mates with the tapered ramp.

[0013] A limiting block is fixed to the inner side of the blade near the end of the collar, and the limiting block is located inside the collar.

[0014] The blade is mounted on the outer side of the blade wing.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0016] This utility model of an axial mechanical slit cutting device for underground coal mines forms a stable equilateral triangle structure through the elastic support of three sets of guide blocks and guide springs in the guide mechanism, realizing directional slit cutting in underground blasting boreholes. By using a water distribution valve to divert and pressurize water flow to drive a piston, the stable deployment and retraction of the cutter wing can be completed through the cooperation of the conical inclined surface and the back inclined surface of the cutter wing. This achieves pre-determined directional cracks before blasting, guides the blasting energy to expand the cracks along the preset direction, improves the effect of rockburst prevention, and ensures safe production in coal mines. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the axial mechanical slit cutting device for underground coal mines according to this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the guide groove;

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the central water distribution valve;

[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the central water distribution valve;

[0021] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the piston rod structure;

[0022] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the central blade wing.

[0023] In the diagram, 1. Upper connector, 2. Upper outer cylinder, 3. Water distribution valve, 30. Disc, 31. Conical shaft, 32. Water passage hole, 4. Piston rod, 40. Through hole, 41. Piston, 42. Conical inclined surface, 5. Spring, 6. Lower sleeve body, 61. Limiting platform, 7. Collar, 8. Guide body, 9. Guide spring block, 10. Guide spring, 11. Pin, 12. Blade, 13. Guide head, 14. Guide mechanism, 15. Guide groove, 16. Back inclined surface, 17. Limiting block, 18. Blade. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the axial mechanical slitting device for underground coal mines includes an upper outer cylinder 2, which is a cylindrical body. One end of the upper outer cylinder 2 is threadedly connected to an upper connector 1, through which pressurized water is injected into the upper outer cylinder, serving as the water inlet channel. Inside the upper outer cylinder 2, a water distribution valve 3, a piston 41, and a piston rod 4 are coaxially arranged. The piston rod 4 has an axially formed through hole 40. The piston 41 is fixed to the end of the piston rod 4 near the upper connector 1. The water distribution valve 3 is arranged between the piston 41 and the upper connector 1. The water distribution valve 3 is used to divert the incoming water to drive the piston 41 to move axially. The upper connector 1 limits the movement of the water distribution valve 3. The other end of the upper outer cylinder 2 is threaded... The lower sleeve body 6 is connected by a threaded connection. A limiting platform 61 is fixed to the inner wall of the lower sleeve body 6. The limiting platform 61 is connected to the piston 41 by a spring 5. The spring 5 is sleeved on the piston rod 4. The limiting platform 61 is used to support the spring 5. Two longitudinal cutting grooves are symmetrically opened on the outer side of the lower sleeve body 6. The cutting grooves are symmetrically distributed along the circumference of the lower sleeve body 6 at 180 degrees for installing cutting blades 12. Each cutting groove is provided with one cutting blade 12. The two cutting blades 12 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis of the lower sleeve body 6. The cutting blades 12 are hinged to the lower sleeve body 6 by a pin 11. There are two cutting blades 12. The cutting blades 12 can rotate around the pin 11 in the cutting groove. When the blade 12 is in a free state, its outer surface is retracted into the lower sleeve body 6. The end of the lower sleeve body 6 is threadedly connected to a collar 7. A limiting block 17 is fixedly connected to the inner end of the blade 12 near the collar 7. The limiting block 17 is located inside the collar 7. The collar 7 limits the maximum deployment angle of the blade 12 through the limiting block 17, so that the blade 12 can only move up and down inside the collar 7. A guide mechanism 14 is threadedly connected to the end of the collar 7 away from the lower sleeve body 6.

[0026] The guiding mechanism includes a guide body 8, which is a cylindrical structure with a central hole, see [link to documentation]. Figure 2The guide body 8 has three guide grooves 15 evenly distributed around its circumference. The three guide grooves 15 are evenly arranged at 120° intervals along the circumference of the guide body 8. A positioning pin is fixed at both ends of the bottom of each guide groove 15, and a guide spring 10 is sleeved on each positioning pin. The outer ends of the two guide springs 10 in each guide groove 15 are connected to a guide spring block 9. The guide spring block 9 is a block structure with an arc surface, and the curvature of the outer surface of the guide spring block 9 is adapted to the inner wall of the blasting borehole. When the guide spring 10 is in a free state, the vertical distance between the bottom of the guide groove 15 and the highest point of the arc surface of the guide spring block 9 is greater than the groove depth of the guide groove 15. That is, when the guide spring 10 is in a free state, all three guide spring blocks 9 extend out of the guide body 8 (the guide spring blocks 9 are in the unfolded state), and the outer diameter of the unfolded guide spring block 9 is not less than the outer diameter of the blade 12 after it is fully unfolded. During operation, a suitable slit cutting device is selected based on the maximum diameter of the blasting borehole (i.e., the maximum outer diameter of the blade 12 after full deployment is not less than the diameter of the blasting borehole, ensuring that the slit covers the borehole wall during cutting; at the same time, the guide spring 9 is compressed by the radial pressure of the borehole wall, causing the guide spring 10 to undergo elastic deformation). At this time, the inner wall of the blasting borehole exerts a radial inward pressure on the guide spring 9, compressing the guide spring 10 and causing it to generate an outward radial thrust, driving the arc surface of the guide spring 9 to fit tightly against the inner wall of the blasting borehole. The three sets of guide springs 9 are evenly distributed at 120° to form an equilateral triangle support structure, ensuring that the azimuth angle of the blade 12 in the blasting borehole is always consistent with the set azimuth angle, thereby enabling the blade 12 to cut two 180° symmetrically distributed slits on the blasting borehole wall, achieving directional cutting.

[0027] See Figure 3 and Figure 4The water distribution valve 3 includes a disc 30, which is a circular flat plate. The diameter of the disc 30 is adapted to the inner diameter of the upper outer cylinder 2. A tapered shaft 31 is fixed to the center of the disc 30. Water passage holes 32 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the tapered shaft 31 on the disc 30. There are no fewer than four water passage holes 32. The water passage holes 32 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the tapered shaft 31. The end of the tapered shaft 31 away from the disc 30 extends into the through hole 40 of the piston rod 4, and the diameter of the tapered shaft 31 is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole 40, forming an annular gap. When water flows from the upper connector 1 into the upper outer cylinder 2, it is diverted through the water passage holes 32 (the diameter of which is smaller than the inner diameter of the upper outer cylinder 2). As the water flow path narrows and the flow velocity increases, the water flow impacts the end face of the piston 41, thereby generating thrust to drive the piston 41 to move towards the lower sleeve 6 and compress the spring 5. The diameter of the tapered shaft 31 is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole 40, forming an annular gap. This serves two purposes: firstly, it prevents the water distribution valve 3 from being driven by the piston 41 as it moves downwards towards the sleeve 6 while the water flow impacts the piston 41; secondly, the water flow from the water passage 32 enters the through hole 40 of the piston rod 4 through the gap between the tapered shaft 31 and the through hole 40, thus flowing towards the guide mechanism 14. Furthermore, a guide head 13 is threadedly connected to the end of the guide body 8, and the upper connector 1, upper outer cylinder 2, lower sleeve 6, guide body 8, and guide head 13 are internally interconnected, while the guide head 13 is connected to the outside. The pressurized water flow enters the axial hole of the guide body 8 through the gap between the tapered shaft of the water distribution valve and the piston through hole, and finally exits from the end of the guide head 13 to release pressure.

[0028] See Figure 5 and Figure 6 The piston rod 4 has a tapered inclined surface 42 near the end of the blade 12. Each blade 12 has a corresponding back inclined surface 16 on its inner side that fits against the tapered inclined surface 42. The tapered inclined surface 42 and the back inclined surface 16 are matched, and their inclination angles are the same. When the piston rod 4 moves downwards towards the lower sleeve 6 under axial thrust, the tapered inclined surface 42 contacts the back inclined surface 16 of the blade 12, thus pushing the back inclined surface 16 and causing the blade 12 to unfold outwards around the hinge point, with the outer surface of the blade 12 extending out of the lower sleeve 6. When the blade 12 is in a free state, it is retracted into the lower sleeve 6. When unfolded, the maximum angle is limited by the limiting block 17 inside the collar 7 (the limiting block 17 only moves up and down inside the collar 7). The guide mechanism 14 ensures the stability of the blade 12's orientation through equilateral triangular support, achieving directional cutting of two 180° symmetrical slits on the blasting borehole wall. A cutting edge 18 is installed on the outer surface of the blade 12, which can be disassembled and replaced after wear.

[0029] The working process of this utility model's axial mechanical slit-cutting device for underground coal mines is as follows:

[0030] First, select a suitable slit cutting device according to the maximum diameter of the blasting borehole, and place it at the target position to be cut. The inner wall of the blasting borehole radially compresses the three sets of guide springs 9 distributed at 120° intervals along the circumference of the guide body 8, compresses the guide spring 10 and makes it generate an outward thrust, so that the arc surface of the guide spring 9 is in close contact with the inner wall of the blasting borehole, and the three sets of guide springs 9 form an equilateral triangle support structure, thereby ensuring that the azimuth angle of the cutter wing 12 in the blasting borehole is always consistent with the set azimuth angle. Then, pressurized water is injected into the upper connector 1. The water flows through the water diversion valve 3 and the water passages 32 are evenly distributed around the circumference to accelerate the flow. As the water flow path narrows, the water flow impacts the top surface of the piston 41, pushing the piston 41 to move towards the lower sleeve 6, thereby compressing the spring 5. The spring 5 is pushed by the tapered inclined surface 42 of the piston rod 4 against the back inclined surface 16 of the blade 12, giving the blade 12 an outward thrust. The end of the blade 12 rotates around the pin 11 and unfolds outward. The blade 18 extends out of the groove of the lower sleeve 6 and cuts into the hole wall, cutting two 180° symmetrically distributed slits on the blasting borehole wall. At the same time, since the diameter of the tapered shaft 31 is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole 40 inside the piston rod 4, the water flow from the water passage 32 enters the piston rod 4 through the gap between the tapered shaft 31 and the through hole 40, flows through the axial hole of the guide body 8 and flows out from the end of the guide head 13. During the cutting process, the guide spring 10 continuously provides radial thrust, maintaining the guide block 9 in contact with the inner wall of the blasting borehole, preventing rotation, and ensuring a constant cutting direction to complete directional cutting. After cutting, water injection is stopped, the spring 5 unfolds to release the reverse thrust, and the spring 5 pushes the piston 41 to return to the direction of the upper connector 1. The conical inclined surface 42 disengages from the back inclined surface 16 of the blade wing 12, and the blade wing 12 retracts into the blade groove under the action of the limiting block 17. The internal pressure is discharged from the end of the guide head 13 with the water flow and disappears. The guide block 9 remains in contact with the inner wall of the blasting borehole under the action of the guide spring 10 until the cutting device exits the blasting borehole. When the blade wing 12 wears down, the pin 11 can be removed to install a new blade wing. The blade 18 mounted on the outer side of the blade wing 12 can be replaced with a new blade after it wears down.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] An axial mechanical slitting device for underground coal mines includes an upper outer cylinder 2. One end of the upper outer cylinder 2 is threadedly connected to an upper connector 1. A piston rod 4 is installed inside the upper outer cylinder 2. An axial through hole 40 is opened inside the piston rod 4. A piston 41 is fixed to the end of the piston rod 4 near the upper connector 1. A water distribution valve 3 is installed between the piston 41 and the upper connector 1. The other end of the upper outer cylinder 2 is threadedly connected to a lower sleeve body 6. A limiting platform 61 is fixed to the inner wall of the lower sleeve body 6. The limiting platform 61 and the piston 41 are connected by a spring 5. The spring 5 is sleeved on the piston rod 4. Two longitudinal cutter grooves are symmetrically opened on the outer side of the lower sleeve body 6. A cutter wing 12 is installed in the cutter groove. The cutter wing 12 is hinged to the lower sleeve body 6 by a pin 11. A collar 7 is threadedly connected to the end of the lower sleeve body 6. A guide mechanism 14 is threadedly connected to the end of the collar 7 away from the lower sleeve body 6.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] An axial mechanical slitting device for underground coal mines includes an upper outer cylinder 2. One end of the upper outer cylinder 2 is threadedly connected to an upper connector 1. A piston rod 4 is installed inside the upper outer cylinder 2. An axial through hole 40 is opened inside the piston rod 4. A piston 41 is fixed to the end of the piston rod 4 near the upper connector 1. A water distribution valve 3 is installed between the piston 41 and the upper connector 1. The other end of the upper outer cylinder 2 is threadedly connected to a lower sleeve body 6. A limiting platform 61 is fixed to the inner wall of the lower sleeve body 6. The limiting platform 61 and the piston 41 are connected by a spring 5. The spring 5 is sleeved on the piston rod 4. Two longitudinal cutter grooves are symmetrically opened on the outer side of the lower sleeve body 6. A cutter wing 12 is installed in the cutter groove. The cutter wing 12 is hinged to the lower sleeve body 6 by a pin 11. A collar 7 is threadedly connected to the end of the lower sleeve body 6. A guide mechanism 14 is threadedly connected to the end of the collar 7 away from the lower sleeve body 6.

[0035] The guiding mechanism 14 includes a guide body 8, which is a cylindrical structure with a central hole. Three guide grooves 15 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the guide body 8. A locating pin is fixed to each end of the bottom of each guide groove 15, and a guide spring 10 is fitted onto each locating pin. The outer ends of two guide springs 10 within each guide groove 15 are connected to a guide spring block 9, which is a block-shaped structure with an arcuate surface. A guide head 13 is threaded to the end of the guide body 8. When the guide springs 10 are in a free state, the vertical distance between the bottom of the guide groove 15 and the highest point of the arcuate surface of the guide spring block 9 is greater than the depth of the guide groove 15. The guide grooves 15 are evenly spaced 120° apart along the circumference of the guide body 8.

[0036] Example 3

[0037] An axial mechanical slitting device for underground coal mines includes an upper outer cylinder 2. One end of the upper outer cylinder 2 is threadedly connected to an upper connector 1. A piston rod 4 is installed inside the upper outer cylinder 2. An axial through hole 40 is opened inside the piston rod 4. A piston 41 is fixed to the end of the piston rod 4 near the upper connector 1. A water distribution valve 3 is installed between the piston 41 and the upper connector 1. The other end of the upper outer cylinder 2 is threadedly connected to a lower sleeve body 6. A limiting platform 61 is fixed to the inner wall of the lower sleeve body 6. The limiting platform 61 and the piston 41 are connected by a spring 5. The spring 5 is sleeved on the piston rod 4. Two longitudinal cutter grooves are symmetrically opened on the outer side of the lower sleeve body 6. A cutter wing 12 is installed in the cutter groove. The cutter wing 12 is hinged to the lower sleeve body 6 by a pin 11. A collar 7 is threadedly connected to the end of the lower sleeve body 6. A guide mechanism 14 is threadedly connected to the end of the collar 7 away from the lower sleeve body 6.

[0038] The guiding mechanism 14 includes a guide body 8, which is a cylindrical structure with a central hole. Three guide grooves 15 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the guide body 8. A locating pin is fixed to each end of the bottom of each guide groove 15, and a guide spring 10 is fitted onto each locating pin. The outer ends of two guide springs 10 within each guide groove 15 are connected to a guide spring block 9, which is a block-shaped structure with an arcuate surface. A guide head 13 is threaded to the end of the guide body 8. When the guide springs 10 are in a free state, the vertical distance between the bottom of the guide groove 15 and the highest point of the arcuate surface of the guide spring block 9 is greater than the depth of the guide groove 15. The guide grooves 15 are evenly spaced 120° apart along the circumference of the guide body 8.

[0039] The water distribution valve 3 includes a disc 30, which is a circular flat plate. The diameter of the disc 30 is adapted to the inner diameter of the upper outer cylinder 2. A tapered shaft 31 is fixed at the center of the disc 30. Water passage holes 32 are evenly opened on the disc 30 along the circumference of the tapered shaft. The number of water passage holes 32 is not less than four. The end of the tapered shaft 31 away from the disc 30 extends into the through hole 40 of the piston rod 4, and the diameter of the tapered shaft 31 is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole 40.

[0040] Example 4

[0041] An axial mechanical slitting device for underground coal mines includes an upper outer cylinder 2. One end of the upper outer cylinder 2 is threadedly connected to an upper connector 1. A piston rod 4 is installed inside the upper outer cylinder 2. An axial through hole 40 is opened inside the piston rod 4. A piston 41 is fixed to the end of the piston rod 4 near the upper connector 1. A water distribution valve 3 is installed between the piston 41 and the upper connector 1. The other end of the upper outer cylinder 2 is threadedly connected to a lower sleeve body 6. A limiting platform 61 is fixed to the inner wall of the lower sleeve body 6. The limiting platform 61 and the piston 41 are connected by a spring 5. The spring 5 is sleeved on the piston rod 4. Two longitudinal cutter grooves are symmetrically opened on the outer side of the lower sleeve body 6. A cutter wing 12 is installed in the cutter groove. The cutter wing 12 is hinged to the lower sleeve body 6 by a pin 11. A collar 7 is threadedly connected to the end of the lower sleeve body 6. A guide mechanism 14 is threadedly connected to the end of the collar 7 away from the lower sleeve body 6.

[0042] The guiding mechanism 14 includes a guide body 8, which is a cylindrical structure with a central hole. Three guide grooves 15 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the guide body 8. A locating pin is fixed to each end of the bottom of each guide groove 15, and a guide spring 10 is fitted onto each locating pin. The outer ends of two guide springs 10 within each guide groove 15 are connected to a guide spring block 9, which is a block-shaped structure with an arcuate surface. A guide head 13 is threaded to the end of the guide body 8. When the guide springs 10 are in a free state, the vertical distance between the bottom of the guide groove 15 and the highest point of the arcuate surface of the guide spring block 9 is greater than the depth of the guide groove 15. The guide grooves 15 are evenly spaced 120° apart along the circumference of the guide body 8.

[0043] The water distribution valve 3 includes a disc 30, which is a circular flat plate. The diameter of the disc 30 is adapted to the inner diameter of the upper outer cylinder 2. A tapered shaft 31 is fixed at the center of the disc 30. Water passage holes 32 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the tapered shaft on the disc 30, with no fewer than four water passage holes 32. The end of the tapered shaft 31 away from the disc 30 extends into the through hole 40 of the piston rod 4, and the diameter of the tapered shaft 31 is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole 40. A tapered inclined surface 42 is provided at the end of the piston rod 4 near the blade 12, and each blade 12 is provided with a back inclined surface 16 that cooperates with the tapered inclined surface 42.

[0044] Example 5

[0045] An axial mechanical slitting device for underground coal mines includes an upper outer cylinder 2. One end of the upper outer cylinder 2 is threadedly connected to an upper connector 1. A piston rod 4 is installed inside the upper outer cylinder 2. An axial through hole 40 is opened inside the piston rod 4. A piston 41 is fixed to the end of the piston rod 4 near the upper connector 1. A water distribution valve 3 is installed between the piston 41 and the upper connector 1. The other end of the upper outer cylinder 2 is threadedly connected to a lower sleeve body 6. A limiting platform 61 is fixed to the inner wall of the lower sleeve body 6. The limiting platform 61 and the piston 41 are connected by a spring 5. The spring 5 is sleeved on the piston rod 4. Two longitudinal cutter grooves are symmetrically opened on the outer side of the lower sleeve body 6. A cutter wing 12 is installed in the cutter groove. The cutter wing 12 is hinged to the lower sleeve body 6 by a pin 11. A collar 7 is threadedly connected to the end of the lower sleeve body 6. A guide mechanism 14 is threadedly connected to the end of the collar 7 away from the lower sleeve body 6.

[0046] The guiding mechanism 14 includes a guide body 8, which is a cylindrical structure with a central hole. Three guide grooves 15 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the guide body 8. A locating pin is fixed to each end of the bottom of each guide groove 15, and a guide spring 10 is fitted onto each locating pin. The outer ends of two guide springs 10 within each guide groove 15 are connected to a guide spring block 9, which is a block-shaped structure with an arcuate surface. A guide head 13 is threaded to the end of the guide body 8. When the guide springs 10 are in a free state, the vertical distance between the bottom of the guide groove 15 and the highest point of the arcuate surface of the guide spring block 9 is greater than the depth of the guide groove 15. The guide grooves 15 are evenly spaced 120° apart along the circumference of the guide body 8. The upper connector 1, upper outer cylinder 2, lower sleeve 6, guide body 8, and guide head 13 are internally interconnected, and the guide head 13 is connected to the outside.

[0047] The water distribution valve 3 includes a disc 30, which is a circular flat plate. The diameter of the disc 30 is adapted to the inner diameter of the upper outer cylinder 2. A tapered shaft 31 is fixed at the center of the disc 30. Water passage holes 32 are evenly opened on the disc 30 along the circumference of the tapered shaft. The number of water passage holes 32 is not less than four. The end of the tapered shaft 31 away from the disc 30 extends into the through hole 40 of the piston rod 4, and the diameter of the tapered shaft 31 is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole 40.

[0048] The piston rod 4 has a tapered inclined surface 42 at one end near the blade 12, and each blade 12 has a back inclined surface 16 that mates with the tapered inclined surface 42. A limiting block 17 is fixedly connected to the inner end of the blade 12 near the collar 7, and the limiting block 17 is located inside the collar 7.

[0049] Example 6

[0050] An axial mechanical slitting device for underground coal mines includes an upper outer cylinder 2. One end of the upper outer cylinder 2 is threadedly connected to an upper connector 1. A piston rod 4 is installed inside the upper outer cylinder 2. An axial through hole 40 is opened inside the piston rod 4. A piston 41 is fixed to the end of the piston rod 4 near the upper connector 1. A water distribution valve 3 is installed between the piston 41 and the upper connector 1. The other end of the upper outer cylinder 2 is threadedly connected to a lower sleeve body 6. A limiting platform 61 is fixed to the inner wall of the lower sleeve body 6. The limiting platform 61 and the piston 41 are connected by a spring 5. The spring 5 is sleeved on the piston rod 4. Two longitudinal cutter grooves are symmetrically opened on the outer side of the lower sleeve body 6. A cutter wing 12 is installed in the cutter groove. The cutter wing 12 is hinged to the lower sleeve body 6 by a pin 11. A collar 7 is threadedly connected to the end of the lower sleeve body 6. A guide mechanism 14 is threadedly connected to the end of the collar 7 away from the lower sleeve body 6.

[0051] The guiding mechanism 14 includes a guide body 8, which is a cylindrical structure with a central hole. Three guide grooves 15 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the guide body 8. A locating pin is fixed to each end of the bottom of each guide groove 15, and a guide spring 10 is fitted onto each locating pin. The outer ends of two guide springs 10 within each guide groove 15 are connected to a guide spring block 9, which is a block-shaped structure with an arcuate surface. A guide head 13 is threaded to the end of the guide body 8. When the guide springs 10 are in a free state, the vertical distance between the bottom of the guide groove 15 and the highest point of the arcuate surface of the guide spring block 9 is greater than the depth of the guide groove 15. The guide grooves 15 are evenly spaced 120° apart along the circumference of the guide body 8. The upper connector 1, upper outer cylinder 2, lower sleeve 6, guide body 8, and guide head 13 are internally interconnected, and the guide head 13 is connected to the outside.

[0052] The water distribution valve 3 includes a disc 30, which is a circular flat plate. The diameter of the disc 30 is adapted to the inner diameter of the upper outer cylinder 2. A tapered shaft 31 is fixed at the center of the disc 30. Water passage holes 32 are evenly opened on the disc 30 along the circumference of the tapered shaft. The number of water passage holes 32 is not less than four. The end of the tapered shaft 31 away from the disc 30 extends into the through hole 40 of the piston rod 4, and the diameter of the tapered shaft 31 is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole 40.

[0053] The piston rod 4 has a tapered ramp 42 at one end near the blade 12, and each blade 12 has a back ramp 16 that mates with the tapered ramp 42. A limiting block 17 is fixed to the inner end of the blade 12 near the collar 7, and the limiting block 17 is located inside the collar 7. A blade 18 is mounted on the outer side of the blade 12.

Claims

1. An axial mechanical slotting device for use in a coal mine, characterised in that, The upper outer cylinder (2) is threaded to one end of the upper outer cylinder (2) and connected to an upper connector (1). A piston rod (4) is provided inside the upper outer cylinder (2). A through hole (40) is axially opened inside the piston rod (4). A piston (41) is fixed to the end of the piston rod (4) near the upper connector (1). A water distribution valve (3) is provided between the piston (41) and the upper connector (1). A lower sleeve body (6) is threaded to the other end of the upper outer cylinder (2). A limiting platform is fixed to the inner wall of the lower sleeve body (6). (61) The limiting platform (61) and the piston (41) are connected by a spring (5). The spring (5) is sleeved on the piston rod (4). Two longitudinal knife grooves are symmetrically opened on the outer side of the lower sleeve body (6). A knife wing (12) is provided in the knife groove. The knife wing (12) is hinged to the lower sleeve body (6) by a pin (11). A collar (7) is threaded to the end of the lower sleeve body (6). A guide mechanism (14) is threaded to the end of the collar (7) away from the lower sleeve body (6).

2. An axial mechanical slotter for underground coal mining as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The guiding mechanism (14) includes a guide body (8), which is a cylindrical structure with a central hole. Three guide grooves (15) are evenly distributed around the guide body (8). A positioning pin is fixed at both ends of the bottom of each guide groove (15). A guide spring (10) is sleeved on each positioning pin. The outer ends of the two guide springs (10) in each guide groove (15) are connected to a guide spring block (9). The guide spring block (9) is a circular arc block structure. A guide head (13) is threaded to the end of the guide body (8).

3. An axial mechanical slotter for underground coal mining as claimed in claim 2 wherein, When the guide spring (10) is in a free state, the vertical distance between the bottom of the guide groove (15) and the highest point of the arc surface of the guide block (9) is greater than the depth of the guide groove (15).

4. An axial mechanical slotter device for use in a coal mine, according to claim 3, wherein, The guide grooves (15) are evenly arranged at intervals of 120° along the circumference of the guide body (8).

5. The axial mechanical slotter device for underground coal mines as claimed in claim 2 wherein, The upper connector (1), upper outer cylinder (2), lower sleeve body (6), guide body (8) and guide head (13) are internally interconnected, and the guide head (13) is connected to the outside.

6. The axial mechanical slotter device for underground coal mines as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The water distribution valve (3) includes a disc (30), which is a circular flat plate. The diameter of the disc (30) is adapted to the inner diameter of the upper outer cylinder (2). A conical shaft (31) is fixed at the center of the disc (30). Water passage holes (32) are evenly opened on the disc (30) along the circumferential direction of the conical shaft. The number of water passage holes (32) is not less than four. The end of the conical shaft (31) away from the disc (30) extends into the through hole (40) of the piston rod (4), and the diameter of the conical shaft (31) is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole (40).

7. The axial mechanical slit cutting device for underground coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston rod (4) has a conical inclined surface (42) at one end near the blade (12), and each blade (12) has a back inclined surface (16) that cooperates with the conical inclined surface (42).

8. The axial mechanical slotter device for underground coal mines as claimed in claim 1 wherein, A limiting block (17) is fixed to the end of the blade (12) near the collar (7), and the limiting block (17) is located inside the collar (7).

9. The axial mechanical slotter device for underground coal mines as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The blade (18) is mounted on the outer side of the blade wing (12).

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