Dry-type deslagging equipment of fire grate garbage incinerator

Abstract

The utility model provides dry-type slag discharging equipment of a fire grate garbage incinerator. The dry-type slag discharging equipment comprises a trapezoidal slag pipe, a water-cooling spiral conveyor and an extrusion slag breaking feeding machine, wherein the water-cooling spiral conveyor is communicated with the bottom of the trapezoidal slag pipe and is used for cooling and conveying slag; the extrusion slag breaking feeding machine is arranged on the surface of the trapezoidal slag pipe and is used for extruding and breaking the slag; according to the utility model, the extrusion slag breaking feeder is matched with the water-cooling screw conveyer to extrude and crush large slag blocks, so that the manual intervention treatment cost can be effectively reduced, the potential safety hazard during manual intervention is reduced, the unburned garbage can be secondarily burnt in the auxiliary combustion cooling slag extractor, the pollution of the unburned garbage to the slag is reduced, and the environment is protected. Meanwhile, the furnace slag and water are subjected to heat exchange contact cooling, heat of the furnace slag is directly recycled through heat exchange, drying of the furnace slag is kept, follow-up transportation and utilization are facilitated, meanwhile, generation of waste water and energy waste are reduced, environment pollution of a site and a transportation road surface is reduced, and water resources are saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of waste incineration, specifically a dry slag removal device for a grate waste incinerator. Background Technology

[0002] With the surge in urban population and the improvement of living standards, the amount of domestic waste continues to rise, causing serious pollution to the human living environment. Achieving harmless treatment, volume reduction, and resource reuse of waste has become a hot topic of common concern. Among many waste treatment technologies, waste incineration has become the mainstream choice for urban domestic waste treatment due to its ability to achieve thorough harmless treatment, significant volume reduction, and potential energy recovery advantages. Among these technologies, grate waste incinerators are widely used due to their high-efficiency incineration capacity.

[0003] The existing grate-fired waste incinerator's combustion and slag removal system consists of a waste inlet, a hydraulic feeder, a drying zone, a main combustion zone, a burnout zone, a slag pit, a fine particle collection box, and a slag remover. Pre-treated waste first enters the hydraulic feeder and is then pushed onto the grate for combustion. A small amount of fine slag produced during combustion falls into the fine particle collection box through the grate gaps and is eventually cooled and transported away by the slag remover. The slag produced above the grate enters the slag remover through the slag pit for cooling and transport.

[0004] However, in actual use, due to the complex composition of the waste, some unburned waste falls directly into the slag pit. The slag pit's single function of slag discharge can easily lead to unburned waste forming a "bridging" phenomenon at the bottom, causing blockages, affecting the normal discharge of slag, and severely reducing the operating efficiency of the boiler system. In addition, a small amount of unburned waste is discharged directly mixed with the slag, increasing the difficulty of subsequent treatment and posing certain safety hazards. Moreover, a large amount of cooling water is required during the slag discharge process, which not only generates a large amount of wastewater, increasing the cost and facility requirements for wastewater treatment, but also wastes precious water resources.

[0005] In summary, this utility model provides a dry slag removal device for a grate waste incinerator to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A dry ash removal device for a grate waste incinerator, comprising:

[0008] The system includes a trapezoidal slag pipe, a water-cooled screw conveyor connected to the bottom of the trapezoidal slag pipe for cooling and conveying the slag, a crushing feeder for extruding and crushing the slag on the surface of the trapezoidal slag pipe, an auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharger located on one side of the water-cooled screw conveyor for auxiliary combustion cooling of the slag, a dust collector located on one side of the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharger for dust removal inside the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharger, a slag pit and conveyor located below the slag outlet of the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharger for collecting and conveying the discharged slag, and an infrared thermometer and an overheating spray device located above the slag outlet of the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharger for measuring and cooling the temperature inside the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharger.

[0009] Furthermore, in this utility model, the air inlet of the dust collector is connected to the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharge machine, and one end of the overheating spray device and the infrared thermometer both extend into the interior of the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharge machine.

[0010] Furthermore, in this utility model, a first cooling water inlet / outlet port is provided on the housing surface of the water-cooled screw conveyor, and a second cooling water inlet / outlet port is provided at the shaft end of the water-cooled screw conveyor.

[0011] Furthermore, in this utility model, the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharge machine includes an auxiliary combustion zone, a cooling zone disposed on one side of the auxiliary combustion zone, a pure oxygen inlet connected to one side of the auxiliary combustion zone, and a third cooling water inlet / outlet port disposed on one side of the cooling zone.

[0012] Furthermore, in this utility model, the diameter of the internal spiral of the water-cooled spiral conveyor is one meter, and the conveyor can be a chain plate conveyor or a belt conveyor.

[0013] Beneficial effects: This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] This invention utilizes a compression crushing feeder combined with a water-cooled screw conveyor to crush large slag pieces, thereby solving the problem of bridging and clogging caused by large slag pieces or unburned waste. It effectively reduces the cost of manual intervention, lowers safety hazards associated with manual intervention, and improves boiler operating efficiency. Furthermore, unburned waste can be re-burned in the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharge machine, reducing pollution of the slag and the waste of resources from re-burning. Simultaneously, the slag undergoes heat exchange with water for contact cooling, directly recovering heat from the slag and maintaining its dryness for easy subsequent transportation and utilization. This also alleviates the direct mixing of water and slag, reducing wastewater generation, minimizing environmental pollution on-site and transport routes, saving water resources, improving heat recovery efficiency, and reducing energy waste. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling water circuit layout of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a side view of the water-cooled screw conveyor, trapezoidal slag pipe, and extrusion crushing feeder of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of this utility model.

[0019] In the picture:

[0020] 1. Water-cooled screw conveyor; 11. First cooling water inlet / outlet port; 12. Second cooling water inlet / outlet port; 2. Trapezoidal slag pipe; 3. Extrusion crushing slag feeder; 4. Auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharge machine; 41. Auxiliary combustion zone; 42. Cooling zone; 43. Pure oxygen inlet; 44. Third cooling water inlet / outlet port; 5. Dust collector; 6. Conveyor; 7. Infrared thermometer; 8. Overheating spray device; 9. Slag pit. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To better understand the technical content of this utility model, specific embodiments are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Various aspects of this utility model are described in this disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate numerous illustrative embodiments. The embodiments of this disclosure are not necessarily defined to include all aspects of this utility model. It should be understood that the various concepts and embodiments described above, as well as those described in more detail below, can be implemented in any of many ways, because the concepts and embodiments disclosed in this utility model are not limited to any particular implementation. Furthermore, some aspects of this utility model can be used alone or in any suitable combination with other aspects disclosed in this utility model.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] like Figure 1-4 As shown, this is the first embodiment of the present invention, which provides a dry slag removal device for a grate waste incinerator, including...

[0024] The system comprises: a trapezoidal slag pipe 2; a water-cooled screw conveyor 1 connected to the bottom of the trapezoidal slag pipe 2 for cooling and conveying slag; a crushing feeder 3 disposed on the surface of the trapezoidal slag pipe 2 for crushing and extruding slag; an auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharger 4 disposed on one side of the water-cooled screw conveyor 1 for auxiliary combustion cooling of slag; a dust collector 5 disposed on one side of the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharger 4 for dust removal inside the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharger 4; a slag pit 9 and a conveyor 6 disposed below the slag outlet of the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharger 4 for collecting and conveying discharged slag; and an infrared thermometer 7 and an overheating spray device 8 disposed above the slag outlet of the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharger 4 for measuring and cooling the interior of the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharger 4.

[0025] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the discharged slag can be guided to the inner cavity of the water-cooled screw conveyor 1 through the trapezoidal slag pipe 2. During the guiding and transmission process, the extrusion and crushing feeder 3, in conjunction with the water-cooled screw conveyor 1, can crush large pieces of slag, thereby solving the problem of bridging and clogging by large pieces of slag or unburned waste. This effectively reduces the cost of manual intervention, lowers safety hazards, and improves boiler operating efficiency. Furthermore, the unburned waste mixed in the slag can be re-burned in the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharge machine 4, which not only reduces the pollution of the slag by unburned waste and the waste of resources from re-burning, but also allows the slag to be directly recovered through heat exchange contact cooling with water. The heat not only achieves cooling but also keeps the slag dry, facilitating subsequent transportation and utilization. It also alleviates the direct mixing of water and slag, reducing wastewater generation, lowering environmental pollution on-site or transportation routes, saving water resources, improving heat recovery efficiency, and reducing energy waste. The infrared thermometer 7 can measure the internal temperature of the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharge machine 4 in real time, and the dust collector 5 can treat the dust generated by the combustion of waste inside the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharge machine 4. The overheating spray device 8 can quickly cool the overheated slag, and the conveyor 6 can transport the discharged slag to the centralized stacking area of ​​the slag pit 9.

[0026] Example 2

[0027] Reference Figure 1-4 This is the second embodiment of the present invention, which is based on the previous embodiment.

[0028] In this embodiment, the air inlet of the dust collector 5 is connected to the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharge machine 4, and one end of the overheating spray device 8 and the infrared thermometer 7 both extend into the interior of the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharge machine 4.

[0029] The water-cooled screw conveyor 1 has a first cooling water inlet / outlet port 11 on its shell surface and a second cooling water inlet / outlet port 12 at the shaft end. The auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharge machine 4 includes an auxiliary combustion zone 41, a cooling zone 42 located on one side of the auxiliary combustion zone 41, a pure oxygen inlet 43 connected to one side of the auxiliary combustion zone 41, and a third cooling water inlet / outlet port 44 located on one side of the cooling zone 42. The first cooling water inlet / outlet port 11, the third cooling water inlet / outlet port 44, and the second cooling water inlet / outlet port 12 all transmit cooling water through transmission pipelines, and one end of the transmission pipeline is connected to a deaerator. The cooling water in the transmission pipeline can be softened water or demineralized water.

[0030] The diameter of the internal spiral of the water-cooled spiral conveyor 1 is one meter, and the conveyor 6 can be driven by a chain plate or a belt.

[0031] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the first cooling water inlet / outlet port 11 and the second cooling water inlet / outlet port 12 on the water-cooled screw conveyor 1 can be used in conjunction with the transmission pipeline to circulate the cooling water along the water-cooled screw conveyor 1, thereby absorbing the heat of the slag inside and achieving heat exchange and cooling of the slag. This also reduces the equipment temperature and extends the service life of the equipment. The large screw diameter in the water-cooled screw conveyor 1 can effectively handle large pieces of slag or unburned waste, avoiding blockage. At the same time, the cooling water is softened water or demineralized water, which enters the deaerator after recycling, reducing wastewater discharge and saving water resources. The auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharge machine 4 includes an auxiliary combustion zone 41, a cooling zone 42, a pure oxygen inlet 43, and a third cooling water inlet / outlet port 44. When the slag enters the auxiliary combustion zone 41 of the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharge machine 4, it is cooled by the flow of water through the auxiliary combustion zone 41. The pure oxygen inlet 43 delivers pure oxygen to the auxiliary combustion zone 41, allowing a small amount of unburned waste to be completely burned in this zone, reducing environmental pollution. The cooling zone 42, in conjunction with the third cooling water inlet / outlet 44, allows the cooling water to cool the slag, reducing the high-temperature slag temperature of 550℃ to 120-150℃ and the fine slag particles to below 80℃. The cooled water after heat exchange enters the deaerator through the transmission pipeline, thereby realizing heat recovery for later use and improving energy efficiency. The dust collector 5 is connected to the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharge machine 4, which can collect and treat the dust generated during the combustion process in the auxiliary combustion zone 41, reducing air pollution. The conveyor 6 can use chain plate transmission or belt transmission, which can be selected according to actual needs to adapt to different working conditions.

[0032] Example 3

[0033] This is the third embodiment of the present invention, which is based on the first two embodiments.

[0034] In this embodiment, the heat exchange efficiency of the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharge machine 4 is calculated as follows:

[0035] a. Based on a single furnace processing capacity of 800 tons of waste, a slag removal rate of 30%, and a slag production of 10 tons per hour; each furnace has two sets of dry slag removal systems, with each system processing 5 tons of slag per hour at a slag temperature of 550℃; the total heat exchange area of ​​a single "auxiliary combustion cooling slag remover" is 57.28㎡ (the actual heat exchange area may differ from the theoretical calculation); the inlet water temperature is 25℃, with an average of 10-15 tons of water per hour (the actual water flow is adjusted according to the slag temperature);

[0036]

[0037] b. The temperature range of the water after heating: 51.8-65.2℃ (depending on the water volume of 10-15 tons);

[0038] C. The heat utilization of a single slag discharge system is 1,672,000 kJ / h (approximately 464.4 kW), which means that one furnace can save 464.4 kW / h × 2 sets of slag discharge systems = 928.8 kW / h of electricity.

[0039] In operation, first start the extrusion crushing feeder 3, water-cooled screw conveyor 1, auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharger 4, dust collector 5, and conveyor 6 to make them run. Then, the slag will fall from the grate outlet into the trapezoidal slag pipe 2. When large pieces of slag or unburned waste enter the bottom of the trapezoidal slag pipe 2, both sides of the extrusion crushing feeder 3 operate simultaneously. When the large pieces of slag enter the spiral position of the water-cooled screw conveyor 1, they will be subjected to the fan-shaped extrusion of the extrusion crushing feeder 3 and the spiral collision of the water-cooled screw conveyor 1, thus crushing them and solving the problem of bridging and clogging by large pieces of slag or unburned waste. This effectively reduces manual intervention costs, lowers safety hazards, and improves boiler operating efficiency. The crushed slag is then evenly conveyed by a water-cooled screw conveyor 1 to the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharge machine 4. At this time, pure oxygen enters the auxiliary combustion zone 41 at the front of the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharge machine 4 through the pure oxygen inlet 43. When a small amount of unburned waste enters the auxiliary combustion zone 41, it will reignite upon contact with the pure oxygen, eventually burning completely. During combustion, when the infrared thermometer 7 detects a sharp increase in temperature in the auxiliary combustion zone 41, it can automatically adjust the opening of the dust collector 5 according to the slag temperature, allowing the dust generated from burning waste to be processed by the dust collector 5. If there is no unburned waste... The burnt-out waste enters the auxiliary combustion zone 41, which directly cools the slag. The slag then enters the cooling zone 42 at the rear of the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharge machine 4 for further cooling and heat exchange. If a large amount of unburned waste remains in the auxiliary combustion zone 41, it will enter the cooling zone 42 to continue burning until it is completely burned. An infrared thermometer 7 continuously monitors the temperature at the slag discharge port. If the temperature at the slag discharge port exceeds 150°C, an overheat spray device 8 is activated to lower the slag temperature below 120°C. Finally, after being cooled by the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharge machine 4, the slag can be directly fed into the slag pit 9, or transported by a conveyor 6 to the centralized storage area of ​​the slag pit 9. During the slag treatment process, cooling water passes through the second cooling water inlet / outlet port 12, the first cooling water inlet / outlet port 11, and the third cooling water inlet / outlet port 44, and sequentially passes through the water-cooled screw conveyor 1 and the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharge machine 4, thus exchanging heat with the slag. The water after heat exchange is discharged and enters the deaerator. By using heat exchange contact cooling between slag and water, the heat of the slag can be directly recovered, avoiding direct mixing of water and slag, keeping the slag dry, facilitating subsequent transportation and utilization, reducing wastewater generation, reducing environmental pollution on site or transportation road, saving water resources, improving heat recovery efficiency, and reducing energy waste.

[0040] All standard parts used in this application can be purchased from the market, and can be customized according to the description and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding that are mature in the prior art. The machinery, parts and equipment adopt conventional models in the prior art. The control method is automatic control through a controller. The control circuit of the controller can be implemented by simple programming by those skilled in the art and is common knowledge in the field. Since this application is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, the control method and circuit connection will not be explained in detail in this application.

[0041] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains can make various modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this invention shall be determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A dry slag removal device for a grate-type waste incinerator, characterized in that: include The equipment includes a trapezoidal slag pipe (2), a water-cooled screw conveyor (1) connected to the bottom of the trapezoidal slag pipe (2) for cooling and conveying slag, a crushing feeder (3) provided on the surface of the trapezoidal slag pipe (2) for crushing slag, an auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharger (4) provided on one side of the water-cooled screw conveyor (1) for auxiliary combustion cooling of slag, a dust collector (5) provided on one side of the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharger (4) for dust removal inside the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharger (4), a slag pit (9) and a conveyor (6) provided below the slag outlet of the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharger (4) for collecting and conveying discharged slag, and an infrared thermometer (7) and an overheating spray device (8) provided at the top of the slag outlet of the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharger (4) for measuring and cooling the inside of the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharger (4).

2. The dry slagging device for grate garbage incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet of the dust collector (5) is connected to the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharge machine (4), and one end of the overheating spray device (8) and the infrared thermometer (7) extends into the interior of the auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharge machine (4).

3. The dry slagging device for grate garbage incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-cooled screw conveyor (1) has a first cooling water inlet / outlet port (11) on its housing surface and a second cooling water inlet / outlet port (12) at the shaft end of the water-cooled screw conveyor (1).

4. The dry slag removal equipment for a grate waste incinerator as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary combustion cooling slag discharge machine (4) includes an auxiliary combustion zone (41), a cooling zone (42) located on one side of the auxiliary combustion zone (41), a pure oxygen inlet (43) connected to one side of the auxiliary combustion zone (41), and a third cooling water inlet / outlet port (44) located on one side of the cooling zone (42).

5. The dry slagging device for grate garbage incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the internal spiral of the water-cooled spiral conveyor (1) is one meter, and the conveyor (6) can be driven by chain plate or belt.

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