Rapid positioning and machining device for spline tooth surface of shaft part

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of shaft part machining, and particularly relates to a rapid positioning and machining device for a spline tooth surface of a shaft part. The device comprises a machining platform, one side of the machining platform is provided with a rapid positioning part used for positioning the tooth surface of a spline of a workpiece to be machined, and the machining platform is further provided with a clamping part used for clamping the workpiece to be machined after the tooth surface of the spline of the workpiece to be machined is positioned and a cutting part used for machining the tooth surface of the spline of the workpiece to be machined. The embedded structure of the spline go gauge and the positioning sliding block ensures that the spline tooth surface of the workpiece to be machined is quickly aligned with the horizontal position and then is machined. Repeated measurement of a dial indicator is not needed, clamping and machining time is greatly shortened, the device is suitable for workpieces with different diameters, universality is high, machining precision is high, device stability is high, the device is suitable for batch production, device downtime is effectively shortened, and production benefits are comprehensively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of shaft parts processing, specifically relating to a rapid positioning and processing device for spline tooth surfaces of shaft parts. Background Technology

[0002] Shaft parts play a crucial role in mechanical equipment, supporting transmission components, transmitting torque, and bearing loads. Their machining accuracy directly affects equipment performance. Some shaft parts require milling a plane on the spline tooth surface for assembly positioning, but existing technologies have significant drawbacks.

[0003] Existing technologies for machining splined tooth surfaces on shaft parts rely on high-precision dial indicators to measure the splined tooth surface in multiple directions. This involves repeatedly adjusting the workpiece position to achieve a horizontal splined tooth surface, a cumbersome and inefficient process. Due to the small area of ​​the splined tooth surface, frequent movement of the dial indicator is necessary, easily introducing human error and leading to unstable positioning accuracy. Furthermore, in mass production, existing machining devices for splined tooth surfaces on shaft parts are too time-consuming, severely restricting production efficiency and failing to meet the demands of modern manufacturing for efficient and automated machining. Taking the drive shaft of an automotive transmission system as an example, the milling of its splined tooth surface requires precise horizontal alignment, but existing machining devices for splined tooth surfaces on shaft parts rely on repeated manual calibration, which is complex and has a low tolerance for error. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a fast and precise positioning and machining device to simplify the operation process, shorten clamping time, and improve machining consistency, thereby adapting to the actual needs of large-scale production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems of existing shaft parts spline tooth surface machining devices that rely on repeated manual calibration, are complex to operate, have low positioning accuracy, low machining efficiency, and poor machining consistency, this invention proposes a rapid positioning machining device for shaft parts spline tooth surfaces, comprising: a machining platform, a rapid positioning component for positioning the spline tooth surface of the workpiece to be machined on one side of the machining platform, a clamping component for clamping the workpiece to be machined after positioning the spline tooth surface of the workpiece to be machined on the machining platform, and a cutting component for machining the spline tooth surface of the workpiece to be machined.

[0005] The quick positioning component includes a base; a support block is fixedly connected to the base; the side wall of the support block has a trapezoidal groove and a longitudinal through hole in the vertical direction, and a positioning slider is slidably connected to it in the vertical direction along the side wall of the support block in cooperation with the trapezoidal groove; the positioning slider has a threaded hole; the positioning slider is fixed after moving up and down along the longitudinal through hole by a bolt passing through the longitudinal through hole; a keyway is provided horizontally on one side of the positioning slider; the positioning slider is connected to a spline gauge with a pin on its side wall through the keyway; the pin of the spline gauge is parallel to the keyway and can be positioned and moved horizontally within the keyway; the vertical side of the contact surface between the keyway and the spline gauge is parallel to the spline tooth surface of the workpiece to be processed; the fitting structure of the spline gauge and the positioning slider ensures that the spline tooth surface of the workpiece to be processed is quickly aligned to the horizontal position.

[0006] According to the above-described rapid positioning machining device for spline tooth surfaces of shaft parts, the spline gauge is provided with an internal spline that matches the external spline of the workpiece to be machined; the support block achieves vertical position adjustment of the positioning slider through the cooperation of trapezoidal groove and longitudinal through hole to adapt to the positioning requirements of workpieces with different diameters.

[0007] According to the above-described rapid positioning machining device for spline tooth surfaces of shaft parts, the clamping component includes four axes and a tailstock. The four axes are equipped with clamps that cooperate with the centers on the tailstock to clamp the two ends of the workpiece to be machined after it has been positioned by the rapid positioning component.

[0008] According to the above-described rapid positioning machining device for spline tooth surfaces of shaft parts, the cutting component includes a milling cutter and a spindle that drives its rotation and feed motion.

[0009] According to the above-described rapid positioning machining device for spline tooth surfaces of shaft parts, the end of the slotted pin of the spline gauge has a tapered structure, which facilitates rapid engagement with the slotted keyway of the positioning slider.

[0010] According to the above-described rapid positioning and machining device for spline tooth surfaces of shaft parts, the inner spline surface of the spline gauge is coated with a wear-resistant coating to extend its service life.

[0011] According to the above-described rapid positioning machining device for spline tooth surfaces of shaft parts, a scale is provided on the longitudinal through hole sidewall of the support block for precisely adjusting the vertical position of the positioning slider.

[0012] According to the above-described rapid positioning machining device for spline tooth surfaces of shaft parts, the width tolerance of the keyway of the positioning slider is H7 grade, ensuring a tight fit with the keyway pin of the spline gauge.

[0013] According to the above-described rapid positioning and machining device for spline tooth surfaces of shaft parts, the base and the support block are connected by a dovetail groove structure to enhance overall rigidity.

[0014] According to the above-described rapid positioning and machining device for spline tooth surfaces of shaft parts, the spline gauge is provided with a handle at its end for easy gripping and disassembly by the operator.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] This invention uses a keyway fitting structure between a spline go gauge and a positioning slider to achieve rapid positioning by directly utilizing the parallelism between the spline tooth surface and the keyway of the spline go gauge, eliminating the need for repeated measurements with a dial indicator and significantly shortening the clamping and machining time.

[0017] The trapezoidal groove and longitudinal through hole of the support block and positioning slider of the present invention allow the support block to move up and down and be fixed, adapting to workpieces of different diameters and having strong versatility.

[0018] The overall device of this invention has a compact structure, low manufacturing cost, and convenient maintenance. In practical applications, operators only need to insert the external spline of the workpiece to be processed into the spline gauge and embed the spline gauge pin into the keyway to complete the positioning, simplifying the operation steps and reducing reliance on the experience of technical personnel. It meets the requirements of high-precision machining, has high stability, is suitable for batch production scenarios, effectively reduces equipment downtime, and comprehensively improves production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a simplified structural diagram of the rapid positioning and machining device for spline tooth surfaces of shaft parts according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rapid positioning component of the rapid positioning machining device for spline tooth surfaces of shaft parts according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rapid positioning component of the rapid positioning machining device for spline tooth surfaces of shaft parts according to the present invention, which positions the workpiece to be processed.

[0022] Figure 4 This is the front view of the structural schematic diagram of the workpiece to be processed.

[0023] Figure 5 It is the AA view of the main view of the structural schematic diagram of the workpiece to be processed.

[0024] In the diagram: 1-base, 2-support block, 3-positioning slider, 4-spline gauge, 5-workpiece spline surface to be milled, 11-trapezoidal groove, 12-longitudinal through hole, 13-bolt, 14-slotted keyway, 15-slotted pin, 16-four-axis, 17-tailstock, 18-clamp, 19-center, 20-milling cutter, 21-spindle, 100-machining platform, 200-quick positioning component, 300-workpiece to be machined, 400-clamping component, 500-cutting component. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown: A rapid positioning machining device for spline tooth surfaces of shaft parts includes: a machining platform 100, a rapid positioning component 200 for positioning the spline tooth surface of the workpiece 300 to be machined on one side of the machining platform 100, a clamping component 400 for clamping the workpiece 300 to be machined after positioning the spline tooth surface of the workpiece 300, and a cutting component 500 for machining the spline tooth surface of the workpiece 300.

[0028] The quick positioning component 200 includes a base 1; a support block 2 is fixedly connected to the base 1; a trapezoidal groove 11 and a longitudinal through hole 12 are vertically provided on the side wall of the support block 2, and a positioning slider 3 is slidably connected to it in the vertical direction along the side wall of the support block 2 in cooperation with the trapezoidal groove 11; a threaded hole is provided on the positioning slider 3; the positioning slider 3 is engaged by a bolt 13 passing through the longitudinal through hole 12, so that the positioning slider 3 can move up and down along the longitudinal through hole 12 and then be fixed; a horizontally provided feature on one side of the positioning slider 3 is... A keyway 14; a positioning slider 3 is connected to a spline gauge 4 with a pin 15 on its side wall via the keyway 14; the pin 15 of the spline gauge 4 is parallel to the keyway 14 for positioning, and can move horizontally within the keyway 14; the vertical side of the contact surface between the keyway 14 and the spline gauge 4 is parallel to the spline tooth surface of the workpiece 300 to be processed; the fitting structure of the spline gauge 4 and the positioning slider 3 ensures that the spline tooth surface of the workpiece 300 to be processed is quickly aligned with the horizontal position.

[0029] The spline gauge 4 has an internal spline at its center that matches the external spline of the workpiece 300 to be processed; the support block 2 achieves vertical position adjustment of the positioning slider 3 through the cooperation of the trapezoidal groove 11 and the longitudinal through hole 12, so as to adapt to the positioning requirements of workpieces 300 with different diameters.

[0030] The clamping component 400 includes a four-axis 16 and a tailstock 17. The four-axis 16 is equipped with a clamp 18, which cooperates with the center 19 on the tailstock 17 to clamp the two ends of the workpiece 300 to be processed after being positioned by the quick positioning component 200.

[0031] The cutting component 500 includes a milling cutter 20 and a spindle 21 that drives its rotation and feed motion.

[0032] The end of the pin 15 of the spline gauge 4 is tapered, which facilitates quick engagement with the keyway 14 of the positioning slider 3.

[0033] The inner spline surface of the spline gauge 4 is coated with a wear-resistant coating to extend its service life.

[0034] The longitudinal through hole 12 of the support block 2 is provided with a scale on its side wall for precisely adjusting the vertical position of the positioning slider 3.

[0035] The width tolerance of the keyway 14 of the positioning slider 3 is H7 grade, which ensures a tight fit with the keyway pin 15 of the spline gauge 4.

[0036] The base 1 and the support block 2 are connected by a dovetail groove structure to enhance the overall rigidity.

[0037] The spline gauge 4 has a handle at its end, which makes it easy for the operator to hold and disassemble.

[0038] The specific implementation method of this embodiment is as follows:

[0039] Component assembly

[0040] First, the support block 2 is bolted vertically and fixed to the center of the upper surface of the base 1. The trapezoidal groove 11 and longitudinal through hole 12 of the support block 2 are used to accommodate the positioning slider 3. A trapezoidal positioning key is machined on one side wall of the positioning slider 3 to match the trapezoidal groove 11 of the support block 2. A horizontal keyway 15 is provided on the other side wall of the positioning slider 3. The width of the keyway 15 is of tolerance grade H7 to ensure a precise fit with the pin 15 of the spline gauge 4. The positioning slider 3 is locked in the longitudinal through hole 12 of the support block 2 by M6 stainless steel bolts 13. After loosening the bolts 13, it can slide up and down along the longitudinal groove to meet the clamping requirements of workpieces 300 of different diameters.

[0041] The spline gauge 4 is made of 45# steel and hardened. Its internal spline tooth profile perfectly matches the external spline of the workpiece 300. One end of the spline gauge 4 is equipped with a flat pin 15, the end of which is machined into a tapered guide surface to facilitate quick insertion into the flat keyway 14 of the positioning slider 3. The vertical side of the contact surface between the flat keyway 14 and the spline gauge 4 is parallel to the spline tooth surface of the workpiece 300, ensuring that the spline tooth surface quickly aligns with the horizontal position after the workpiece 300 is inserted. A non-slip handle is provided at the end of the spline gauge 4 for easy application of force by the operator.

[0042] Positioning and processing flow

[0043] Adjusting the height of the positioning slider 3: Based on the diameter of the workpiece 300, loosen the fixing bolts of the positioning slider 3, move it along the longitudinal through hole 12 of the support block 2 to a suitable height, and then lock it. The scale on the side wall of the support block 2 can assist in precise adjustment.

[0044] Install the workpiece 300 to be processed: Insert the outer spline end of the workpiece 300 into the inner spline of the spline gauge 4 to ensure full engagement.

[0045] Positioning and Alignment: Align the flat key of the spline go gauge 4 with the flat keyway 14 of the positioning slider 3, and slowly push it in until the flat keyway 14 and the flat keyway 15 are fully engaged. At this time, the spline tooth surface of the workpiece 300 to be processed is in a horizontal position.

[0046] Fixed machining: The workpiece is fixed to the base 1 using the fixture 18 and the center 19, and milling can be performed by the milling cutter driven by the spindle 21.

[0047] Rubber shock-absorbing pads are attached to the bottom of base 1 to effectively absorb machine tool vibration and prevent positioning deviation.

[0048] The mating surfaces of the support block 2 and the positioning slider 3 are machined with anti-slip texture to prevent the positioning slider 3 from loosening during the machining process.

[0049] The spline surface of the inner spline of the 4-gauge spline is coated with a titanium nitride wear-resistant coating to reduce wear and improve repeatability. Example

[0050] After using this device, the positioning time for a single part is reduced from 15 minutes using the traditional method to 1 minute, the horizontal angle error is controlled within ±0.015°, and operators can master it without complicated training. The device is suitable for shaft parts with diameters from 20mm to 80mm, has strong versatility, and significantly improves the efficiency of mass production.

[0051] Furthermore, this invention can also be used to process the flattened spline surface of shaft parts:

[0052] Place the external spline of the workpiece into the internal spline of the spline gauge 4, and place the flat pin 15 into the flat keyway 14 to achieve workpiece positioning.

[0053] Next, clamp the workpiece with fixture 18, then take out the spline gauge 4 horizontally and tighten it with center 19. In this way, the spline surface of the shaft part can be machined with cutting part 500.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for rapid positioning and machining of spline tooth surfaces of shaft parts, characterized in that: include: A machining platform (100) is provided on one side of the machining platform (100) for positioning the spline tooth surface of the workpiece to be machined (300). The machining platform (100) is also provided with a clamping component (400) for clamping the workpiece to be machined (300) after positioning the spline tooth surface of the workpiece to be machined (300), and a cutting component (500) for machining the spline tooth surface of the workpiece to be machined (300). The quick positioning component (200) includes a base (1); a support block (2) is fixedly connected to the base (1); a trapezoidal groove (11) and a longitudinal through hole (12) are provided vertically on the side wall of the support block (2), and a positioning slider (3) is slidably connected to the side wall of the support block (2) in the vertical direction in cooperation with the trapezoidal groove (11); a threaded hole is provided on the positioning slider (3); the positioning slider (3) is engaged by a bolt (13) passing through the longitudinal through hole (12), so that the positioning slider (3) can move up and down along the longitudinal through hole (12) and then be fixed; a horizontally positioned part of the positioning slider (3) is provided on one side. A keyway (14) is provided; the positioning slider (3) is connected to a spline gauge (4) with a keyway pin (15) on the side wall through the keyway (14); the keyway pin (15) of the spline gauge (4) is parallel to the keyway (14) for positioning, and can move horizontally within the keyway (14); the vertical side of the contact surface between the keyway (14) and the spline gauge (4) is parallel to the spline tooth surface of the workpiece (300) to be processed; the fitting structure of the spline gauge (4) and the positioning slider (3) ensures that the spline tooth surface of the workpiece (300) to be processed is quickly aligned with the horizontal position.

2. The shaft part spline tooth surface rapid positioning machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spline gauge (4) has an inner spline that matches the outer spline of the workpiece (300) to be processed. The support block (2) adjusts the vertical position of the positioning slider (3) through the cooperation of the trapezoidal groove (11) and the longitudinal through hole (12) to meet the positioning requirements of workpieces (300) of different diameters.

3. The shaft part spline tooth surface rapid positioning machining device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping component (400) includes a four-axis (16) and a tailstock (17). The four-axis (16) is equipped with a clamp (18) and the tailstock (17) is equipped with a center (19) to clamp the two ends of the workpiece (300) to be processed after being positioned by the quick positioning component (200).

4. The shaft part spline tooth surface rapid positioning machining device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cutting component (500) includes a milling cutter (20) and a spindle (21) that drives its rotation and feed motion.

5. The shaft part spline tooth surface rapid positioning machining device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The end of the pin (15) of the spline gauge (4) is tapered, which facilitates quick engagement with the keyway (14) of the positioning slider (3).

6. The shaft part spline tooth surface rapid positioning machining device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner spline surface of the spline gauge (4) is coated with a wear-resistant coating to extend its service life.

7. The shaft part spline tooth surface rapid positioning machining device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The longitudinal through hole (12) of the support block (2) is provided with a scale ruler on its side wall for precisely adjusting the vertical position of the positioning slider (3).

8. The shaft part spline tooth surface rapid positioning machining device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The width tolerance of the keyway (14) of the positioning slider (3) is H7 grade, ensuring a tight fit with the keyway pin (15) of the spline gauge (4).

9. The shaft part spline tooth surface rapid positioning machining device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The base (1) and the support block (2) are connected by a dovetail groove structure to enhance the overall rigidity.

10. The shaft part spline tooth surface rapid positioning machining device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The spline gage (4) is provided with a handle at the end, which is convenient for the operator to hold and disassemble.

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