Variable loading force exciter device based on automobile side column collision test

Abstract

The utility model provides a variable loading force exciter device based on an automobile side column collision test, which comprises an impact rod which penetrates through a moving plug and is arranged in a cylinder body, and one end of the impact rod is detachably connected with a brake mechanism. The brake knife mechanism is movably connected with a servo brake mechanism used for braking the brake knife mechanism and the impact rod through friction, the servo brake mechanism is movably connected with a driving mechanism on the axial side of the brake knife mechanism, and power is provided for the servo brake mechanism, so that the servo brake mechanism clamps the brake knife mechanism with variable loading force. By adopting the technical scheme, any acceleration waveform can be simulated, the repeatability is good, and the simulation precision is high; the device is suitable for impact tests related to other environmental mechanics, such as half-sine and constant-force propulsion tests; the device is compact in structure, small in occupied area, safe, reliable, low in cost and convenient to popularize; compared with impact tests through a pendulum bob and the like, straight rod type front impact is adopted, energy transmission is more efficient, the direction is concentrated, and energy loss is small.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of automobile side pole collision test equipment, specifically to a variable loading force exciter device based on automobile side pole collision test. Background Technology

[0002] Side impact testing is a core testing method for evaluating the side-impact safety of vehicles, simulating collision scenarios to verify the structural strength of the vehicle body and the occupant protection performance. In recent years, continuous upgrades to domestic and international regulations (such as the 2022 Chinese national standard GB 20071 and the 2023 Euro NCAP standard) have driven a surge in demand for testing equipment. While real-vehicle side impact tests are direct and effective, they are costly and time-consuming, making it difficult to meet the needs of multi-round verification of side structures. Side pole impact testing devices based on trolleys accurately reproduce door intrusion speed and seat movement, achieving low-cost, high-precision simulation, and have become an important alternative for safety development. However, China has long relied on imports for core loading devices, resulting in excessively high costs and long delivery cycles, hindering independent technological development. Currently, there is an urgent need to break through key technologies such as multi-round verification adaptability, precise control of variable loading force, and optimization of device costs to support the iteration of automotive safety technology and industrial upgrading, providing technical support for building a strong automotive nation. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the aforementioned technologies by proposing a variable loading force exciter device based on automobile side pole collision tests, aiming to solve the problems of difficulty in accurately controlling the loading force and high cost of repeated tests.

[0004] This utility model provides a variable loading force exciter device based on a car side pole collision test, including a sealed cylinder and a movable plug inside it. An impact rod, serving as an impact output element, is arranged along the length of the sealed cylinder. The impact rod passes through the center of the movable plug, and both ends of the impact rod extend outside the sealed cylinder. A brake blade mechanism is detachably connected to the non-impact end of the impact rod. A servo brake mechanism is movably connected to the brake blade mechanism and the impact rod through friction. A drive mechanism is movably connected to the servo brake mechanism axially to the brake blade mechanism to provide power to the servo brake mechanism, so that the servo brake mechanism clamps the brake blade mechanism with a variable loading force.

[0005] Preferably, the sealing cylinder includes a cylinder body and cylinder covers fixedly connected to both ends of the cylinder body. The moving plug divides the cylinder body into a buffer chamber and a propulsion chamber, wherein the buffer chamber is close to the impact end of the impact rod, and the propulsion chamber is close to the non-impact end of the impact rod. The cylinder covers are provided with connecting holes for connecting to a high-pressure air source and supplying air to the buffer chamber or the propulsion chamber.

[0006] Preferably, the brake blade mechanism includes several brake blades, a connecting cylinder is fixedly connected to the cylinder body, a pull rod is provided inside the connecting cylinder, the pull rod is fixedly connected to the non-impact end of the impact rod, and a connecting seat is fixedly connected to the other end of the pull rod. The connecting seat has several connecting slots, and the brake blades are respectively inserted into the connecting slots and fixed by pins.

[0007] Preferably, the servo braking mechanism includes a brake assembly, a brake blade extending into the gap formed between the brake assemblies, the brake assembly being detachably disposed within a first inner cavity of the brake seat, and the brake blade extending outside the first inner cavity.

[0008] The brake assembly includes a base plate and friction pads fixedly connected to the surface of the base plate. The base plate is detachably connected to a bottom plate, and the bottom plate is detachably connected to a first inner cavity. The brake blade is inserted between the friction pads. The base plate adjacent to the edge of the first inner cavity has friction pads fixedly connected to only one side, while the base plate located in the non-edge area of ​​the first inner cavity has friction pads fixedly connected to both sides.

[0009] A limiting plate is fixedly connected to the side of the brake seat away from the pull rod to limit the swing of the brake blade. The end of the brake blade that passes through the brake seat and the limiting plate is supported by a roller. The roller is rotatably connected to the surface of the limiting plate. The limiting plate is also fixedly connected to a protective cover, and the end of the brake blade is located inside the protective cover.

[0010] Preferably, the drive mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder assembly, an electro-hydraulic servo valve, and a distributor block. The main valve of the electro-hydraulic servo valve is connected to the distributor block, the bottom of the distributor block is connected to the top of the hydraulic cylinder assembly, and the two sides of the distributor block are respectively connected to an inlet accumulator and an outlet accumulator. The electro-hydraulic servo valve is provided with an interface for connecting to a hydraulic power source.

[0011] The brake seat has a second inner cavity. The hydraulic cylinder assembly includes a servo cylinder seat fixed in the second inner cavity. An integrated piston is slidably disposed in the servo cylinder seat. An end cap is fixedly connected to the end of the servo cylinder seat. A limit frame is provided on the rod of the integrated piston. The rod of the integrated piston is in movable contact with the base plate.

[0012] The piston portion of the integrated piston is surrounded by a piston sealing ring, and the end cap is fitted with a rod sealing ring for sealing the rod portion of the integrated piston. The end cap sealing ring is fitted at the connection between the end cap and the servo cylinder seat. A rod guide ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the end cap, and the rod guide ring fits against the rod portion of the integrated piston.

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, it has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] This invention provides a variable loading force exciter device based on a car side pole collision test. It includes an impact rod that passes through a movable plug and is housed within a cylinder. One end of the impact rod is detachably connected to a braking mechanism. A servo braking mechanism is movably connected to a brake blade mechanism for braking the brake blade mechanism and the impact rod through friction. A drive mechanism is movably connected to the servo braking mechanism axially to the brake blade mechanism to provide power, enabling the servo braking mechanism to clamp the brake blade mechanism with a variable loading force. Using the above technical solution…

[0015] 1. The impact force is variable, resulting in high simulation accuracy;

[0016] 2. Applicable to other environmental mechanics-related impact tests, such as half-sine and constant force propulsion tests.

[0017] 3. It has a compact structure, small footprint, is safe and reliable, low cost, and easy to promote.

[0018] 4. The straight bar frontal impact method is adopted, which is more efficient in energy transfer, more directional and less energy loss compared to impact tests such as pendulum impact tests. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only preferred embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a variable loading force exciter device based on a car side pole collision test according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a variable loading force exciter device based on a car side pole collision test according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a top view of a variable loading force exciter device based on a car side pole collision test according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the brake blade mechanism of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the servo brake mechanism of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the brake assembly of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the brake seat of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic cylinder assembly of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the idler roller of this utility model.

[0030] In the figure, 1-sealed cylinder; 11-moving plug; 12-impact rod; 13-cylinder head; 111-cylinder body; 131-connecting hole; 14-buffer chamber; 15-propulsion chamber; 2-brake blade mechanism; 21-brake blade; 22-connecting cylinder; 23-pull rod; 24-connecting seat; 25-connecting groove; 26-pin; 3-servo brake mechanism; 31-brake assembly; 311-base plate; 312-friction pad; 313-base plate; 32-brake seat; 33-first inner cavity 34-Second inner cavity; 35-Limiting plate; 36-Idler roller; 37-Protective cover; 4-Drive mechanism; 41-Hydraulic cylinder assembly; 411-Servo cylinder seat; 412-Integrated piston; 413-End cover; 414-Limiting frame; 415-Piston sealing ring; 416-Rod sealing ring; 417-End cover sealing ring; 418-Rod guide ring; 42-Electro-hydraulic servo valve; 43-Oil distributor; 44-Inlet accumulator; 45-Outlet accumulator; 46-Interface. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To better understand the structure, functional features, and advantages of this utility model, the preferred embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0032] Example:

[0033] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, this utility model provides a variable loading force exciter device based on a car side pole collision test, including a sealed cylinder 1 and a movable plug 11 disposed inside it. An impact rod 12, serving as an impact output component, is disposed inside the sealed cylinder 1 along its length direction. The impact rod 12 passes through the center of the movable plug 11, and both ends of the impact rod 12 extend out of the sealed cylinder 1. A brake blade mechanism 2 is detachably connected to the non-impact end of the impact rod 12. A servo brake mechanism 3 is movably connected to the brake blade mechanism 2 for braking the brake blade mechanism 2 and the impact rod 12 by friction. A drive mechanism 4 is movably connected to the servo brake mechanism 3 axially to the brake blade mechanism 2 to provide power to the servo brake mechanism 3 so that the servo brake mechanism 3 clamps the brake blade mechanism 2 with a variable loading force.

[0034] The sealing cylinder 1 includes a cylinder body and cylinder covers 13 fixedly connected to both ends of the cylinder body 111. A movable plug 11 divides the cylinder body 111 into a buffer chamber 14 and a propulsion chamber 15. The buffer chamber 14 is located on the side near the impact end of the impact rod 12, and the propulsion chamber 15 is located on the side near the non-impact end of the impact rod 12. Both ends of the impact rod 12 pass through the corresponding cylinder covers 13 and extend out of the sealing cylinder 1. Each cylinder cover 13 has a connecting hole 131 for connecting a high-pressure air source and supplying air to the buffer chamber 14 or the propulsion chamber 15. The brake blade mechanism 2 includes several brake blades 21. A connecting cylinder 22 is fixedly connected to the cylinder body 111. A pull rod 23 is provided inside the connecting cylinder 22. The pull rod 23 is fixedly connected to the non-impact end of the impact rod 12. The other end of the pull rod 23 is fixedly connected to a connecting seat 24. Several connecting grooves 25 are provided on the end of the connecting seat 24 away from the pull rod 23. The brake blades 21 are respectively inserted into the connecting grooves 25 and fixed by pins 26. A connecting hole 131 is provided at cylinder head 13. During use, one end of the connecting hole 131 is connected to a high-pressure air source, and the other end is connected to the sealed cylinder 1, allowing the high-pressure air source to enter the sealed cylinder 1. A hole for placing a pressure sensor is also provided. This hole has two design options: it can be a threaded blind hole on the side of cylinder head 3 near the inside of the sealed cylinder 1, in which case the sensor can be screwed into the hole; the blind hole can also be a smooth blind hole, where an O-ring or gasket is used to press the sensor in place. Alternatively, the hole can be a through hole, in which case the end of the through hole outside the sealed cylinder 1 needs to be sealed when the sensor is placed in the hole. This design uses a blind hole. The impact rod 12 passes through the center of cylinder head 13 and moving plug 11. The centers of connecting cylinder 22 and pull rod 23 are coaxial with the impact rod 12. Pin 26 passes through connecting seat 24, brake blade 21, and connecting groove 25. The brake blade 21 in this application is designed with three pieces, but the number of pieces can be adjusted according to actual needs. The three brake blades 21 have a displacement space of 1-3mm in the left and right directions to ensure that the left and right positions of the three brake blades 21 are adaptively adjusted when the brake is locked and released.

[0035] The cylinder body 111, the movable plug 11, and the impact rod 12 form a complete piston device. The movable plug 11 divides the cylinder body 111 into a buffer chamber 14 and a propulsion chamber 15. The cylinder head 13 has a connecting hole 131. During use, high-pressure air is introduced into the propulsion chamber 15 through the connecting hole 131. The high-pressure air in the propulsion chamber 15 drives the movable plug 11 and the impact rod 12 to move in the impact direction. In turn, the movable plug 11 drives the pull rod 23, which in turn drives the brake blade 21 to move in the impact direction. The drive mechanism 4 drives the servo brake mechanism 3 to press the brake blade mechanism 2 together, thereby generating friction to control the impact force. After the test, the drive mechanism 4 is depressurized, and the buffer chamber 14 is filled with gas at a suitable pressure, which allows the movable plug 11 to return to its original position.

[0036] As another embodiment, such as Figures 3 to 6 and Figure 10As shown, the servo braking mechanism 3 of this application includes a brake seat 32, a first inner cavity 33 is provided in the brake seat 32, a plurality of brake components 31 are installed in the first inner cavity 33, there is a brake gap between the brake components 31, the brake blade 21 extends into the brake seat 32 and is located in the brake gap, and the brake blade 21 extends to the outside of the first inner cavity 33.

[0037] The brake assembly 31 includes a base plate 311 and friction pads 312 fixedly connected to the surface of the base plate 311. The base plate 311 is detachably connected to a base plate 313, which is detachably connected to a first inner cavity 33. A brake blade 21 is inserted between the friction pads 312. The base plate 311 adjacent to the edge of the first inner cavity 33 has friction pads 312 fixedly attached only to the side facing the adjacent base plate 311. The base plate 311 located in the non-edge area of ​​the first inner cavity 33 has friction pads 312 fixedly attached to both sides. Near the cavity wall of the first inner cavity 33, there is a single-sided friction pad 312, and in the middle, there is a double-sided friction pad 312. The brake blade 21 is inserted into the gap formed by the two single-sided friction pads 312 and the two double-sided friction pads 312. The base plate 311 and the friction pads 312 are machined as a single unit and installed in a pre-reserved groove in the base plate 311 by screws, utilizing the side of the groove to bear lateral forces. The base plate 313 is fixed inside the first inner cavity 33 by screws. The friction pad 312 is made of ceramic matrix composite material, which has excellent high temperature resistance and friction resistance, and can maintain the stability of the braking system. A 1mm gap is left between the brake blade 21 and the friction pad 312 to facilitate the adaptive adjustment of the left and right position of the brake blade 21 during brake locking and brake release.

[0038] A limiting plate 35 is fixedly connected to the side of the brake seat 32 away from the pull rod 23 to restrict the swing of the brake blade 21. The brake blade 21 passes through the brake seat 32 and the end of the limiting plate 35 in sequence, and is supported by the roller 36. The brake blade 21 passes through two side walls of the brake seat 32. After passing through the side wall of the brake seat 32 near the brake blade 21, the brake blade 21 passes through the gap between it and the friction plate 312, and then passes through the other side wall of the brake seat 32 again. These two side walls correspond to each other. The limiting plate 35 is set on the side where the brake blade 21 passes through the brake seat 32 for the second time. The roller 36 is rotatably connected to the surface of the limiting plate 35. The limiting plate 35 is also fixedly connected to a protective cover 37, and the end of the brake blade 21 is located inside the protective cover 37. In use, the brake seat 32 is fixed to the base. The limiting plate 35 and the roller 36 limit the brake blade 21 to remain stable when it extends beyond the brake seat 32. The roller 36 is fixed to the limiting plate 35 with screws via a bearing seat, and the rotating roller 36 is sleeved on the shaft of the bearing seat. The protective cover 37 is fixed to the limiting plate 35 with screws, and the length of the protective cover 37 is sufficient to accommodate the space occupied by the brake blade 21 after it resets.

[0039] As another embodiment, such as Figures 7 to 9As shown, the drive mechanism 4 of this application includes a hydraulic cylinder assembly 41, an electro-hydraulic servo valve 42, and an oil distribution block 43. The main valve of the electro-hydraulic servo valve 42 is connected to the oil distribution block 43, the bottom of the oil distribution block 43 is connected to the top of the hydraulic cylinder assembly 41, and the two sides of the oil distribution block 43 are respectively connected to an inlet accumulator 44 and an outlet accumulator 45. The electro-hydraulic servo valve 42 is provided with an interface 46 for connecting to a hydraulic source. The hydraulic cylinder assembly 41 serves as the output end, pushing the base plate 311 to press the friction plate 312 and the brake blade 21 together. Here, the hydraulic cylinder assembly 41 is located on the side of the base plate 311 and the brake blade 21. When the hydraulic cylinder assembly 41 is subjected to pressure, it moves towards the side of the base plate 311 and the brake blade 21, gradually pressing against the base plate 311. The gap between the friction plate 312 on the base plate 311 and the brake blade 21 gradually decreases, thereby gradually increasing the friction. The electro-hydraulic servo valve 42 is used to receive control signals and regulate the flow and direction of hydraulic oil. The oil distribution block 43 is used to distribute the oil circuit, connecting the hydraulic cylinder assembly 41, the servo valve 42, the outlet accumulator 45, and the inlet accumulator 44. The inlet accumulator 44 stores high-pressure oil, and the outlet accumulator 45 recovers low-pressure return oil. The interface 46 connects to the hydraulic pump station. Both the outlet accumulator 45 and the inlet accumulator 44 are fixed on a mounting bracket, which is fixed to the brake seat 32.

[0040] The brake seat 32 has a second inner cavity 34. The hydraulic cylinder assembly 41 includes a servo cylinder seat 411 fixed to the second inner cavity 34. An integrated piston 412 is slidably disposed within the servo cylinder seat 411. An end cap 413 is fixedly connected to the end of the servo cylinder seat 411. A limit frame 414 is provided on the rod of the integrated piston 412, and the rod of the integrated piston 412 is movably abutting against the base plate 311. The integrated piston 412 is a piston rod and piston fixedly connected. The servo cylinder seat 411 is fixed to the inner wall of the second inner cavity 34 by bolts. The front cavity and rear cavity of the servo cylinder seat 411 are respectively designed with an oil passage and a pressure measuring channel. A pressure sensor is installed in the pressure measuring channel. The front cavity is located on the side closer to the base plate 311. In use, a hydraulic pump station is connected to input high-pressure oil into the electro-hydraulic servo valve 42. The inlet accumulator 44 stores the initial pressure oil, and the outlet accumulator 45 stores the return oil buffer space. The control system sends a command voltage signal to the electro-hydraulic servo valve 42. The main valve core of the servo valve 42 deflects according to the signal, controlling the high-pressure oil flow to the oil distribution block 43. When the hydraulic cylinder 41 needs to extend, the electro-hydraulic servo valve 42 outputs high-pressure oil to the oil distribution block 43, which enters the upper cavity of the servo cylinder seat 411 through the bottom of the oil distribution block 43, pushing the integrated piston 412 to extend. The rod of the integrated piston 412 abuts against the side of the base plate 311. The friction plate 312 on the base plate 311 presses the brake blade 21 tightly, increasing friction and reducing the impact force of the impact rod 12.

[0041] The piston portion of the integrated piston 412 is surrounded by a piston sealing ring 415. The end cap 413 is fitted with a rod sealing ring 416 for sealing the rod portion of the integrated piston 412. An end cap sealing ring 417 is fitted at the connection between the end cap 413 and the servo cylinder seat 411. A rod guide ring 418 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the end cap 413, and the rod guide ring 418 fits snugly against the rod portion of the integrated piston 412. All the sealing rings mentioned above are made of rubber to ensure a tight seal within the servo cylinder seat 411. The rod guide ring 418 prevents the rod portion of the integrated piston 412 from shifting axially.

[0042] As another embodiment, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, this application also includes a hydraulic power source, a high-pressure air source, and a measurement and control system in actual use. The front end of the exciter device is fixed to the test base frame by two exciter mounting plates. The hydraulic power source provides braking power to the brake blade 21, and the high-pressure air source provides propulsion, buffering, and resetting power to the moving plug 11 and the impact rod 12. The measurement and control system is used to control the valve actions of the hydraulic power source and the high-pressure air source, and mainly completes the acquisition and processing of the exciter device's action control, status signals, pressure signals of the propulsion chamber 15 and the buffer chamber 14, pressure signals of the front and rear chambers of the servo hydraulic cylinder 41, hydraulic power source pressure signals, high-pressure air source pressure signals, and acceleration signals.

[0043] This application discloses the working principle of a variable loading force exciter device based on a car side pillar collision test: Before the experiment, the test piece needs to be installed in the test position, and the door panel structure is installed on the car door mounting structure and reliably fixed. According to the test conditions, the required loading force curve is loaded into the measurement and control system. The maximum thrust value and required propulsion air pressure are calculated by the measurement and control system software, and then the braking force loading curve and maximum hydraulic pressure are calculated. Based on the calculation results, the braking force loading curve is imported, and the air pressure values ​​of the propulsion chamber 15, buffer chamber 14, and hydraulic pressure values ​​are input. Then, the high-pressure air source and hydraulic source are started, and the oil pressure in the front and rear chambers of the servo cylinder seat 411 is controlled to the required pressure through the electro-hydraulic servo valve 42, causing the drive mechanism 4 to lock the brake blade mechanism 2. Then, the propulsion chamber 15 and buffer chamber 14 of the sealed cylinder 1 are inflated to the required pressure. When the data detected by the measurement and control software interface matches the set data, the system pops up a confirmation dialog box for the test. After operator confirmation, the loader device operates automatically. The system continuously issues commands based on the braking force loading curve, causing the drive mechanism 4 to output braking force corresponding to the changing braking force of the braking force loading curve. At this time, the propulsive force and buffer force in the sealed cylinder 1 change linearly. The impact rod 12 will output a changing loading force according to the loading force curve and push the door mounting structure and door panel structure forward, intruding into the test piece at a specified angle, changing speed, and displacement. The actual motion parameters of the impact rod 12 are measured in real time using an acceleration sensor installed at its front end and analyzed by measurement and control software, which then displays the acceleration-time curve, velocity-time curve, and displacement-time curve on the interface.

[0044] After the intrusion is completed, the monitoring and control system automatically issues a command to depressurize the propulsion chamber 15 of the sealing cylinder 1. When the pressure in the propulsion chamber 15 is zero, the system controls the depressurization of the front chamber of the servo cylinder seat 411 through the electro-hydraulic servo valve 42, and the integrated piston 412 releases the brake blade 21. The system automatically issues a command to inflate the buffer chamber 14 of the sealing cylinder 1, pushing the moving plug 11 to the initial position.

[0045] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and does not constitute any limitation on this utility model. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solution of this utility model, or modify it into equivalent embodiments, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this utility model. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technology of this utility model without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this utility model shall fall within the protection scope of this technical solution.

Claims

1. A variable load exciter device based on a side pole crash test of a vehicle, characterized by, The device includes a sealing cylinder (1) and a movable plug (11) disposed inside it. An impact rod (12) serving as an impact output component is disposed inside the sealing cylinder (1) along its length direction. The impact rod (12) passes through the center of the movable plug (11), and both ends of the impact rod (12) pass outside the sealing cylinder (1). A brake blade mechanism (2) is detachably connected to the non-impact end of the impact rod (12). A servo brake mechanism (3) for braking the brake blade mechanism (2) and the impact rod (12) by friction is movably connected to the servo brake mechanism (3) on the axial side of the brake blade mechanism (2). The drive mechanism (4) provides power to the servo brake mechanism (3) and pushes the servo brake mechanism (3) to move and squeeze the brake blade mechanism (2) from the axial side of the brake blade mechanism (2), so that the servo brake mechanism (3) clamps the brake blade mechanism (2) with a variable loading force.

2. The variable loading exciter device based on the automobile side column collision test according to claim 1, characterized by, The sealing cylinder (1) includes a cylinder body (111) and cylinder covers (13) fixedly connected to both ends of the cylinder body (111). The movable plug (11) divides the cylinder body (111) into a buffer chamber (14) and a propulsion chamber (15). The buffer chamber (14) is located near the impact end of the impact rod (12), and the propulsion chamber (15) is located near the non-impact end of the impact rod (12). The cylinder covers (13) are provided with connecting holes (131) for connecting to a high-pressure air source and supplying air to the buffer chamber (14) or the propulsion chamber (15).

3. The variable loading exciter device based on the automobile side column collision test according to claim 2, characterized by, The brake blade mechanism (2) includes several brake blades (21). The cylinder (111) is fixedly connected to a connecting cylinder (22). A pull rod (23) is provided inside the connecting cylinder (22). The pull rod (23) is fixedly connected to the non-impact end of the impact rod (12). The other end of the pull rod (23) is fixedly connected to a connecting seat (24). The connecting seat (24) has several connecting slots (25). The brake blades (21) are respectively inserted into the connecting slots (25) and fixed by pins (26).

4. The variable loading exciter device based on the side pole crash test of a vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that, The servo braking mechanism (3) includes a brake seat (32), a first inner cavity (33) is provided in the brake seat (32), a plurality of brake components (31) are installed in the first inner cavity (33), there is a brake gap between the brake components (31), the brake blade (21) extends into the brake seat (32) and is located in the brake gap, and the brake blade (21) extends to the outside of the first inner cavity (33).

5. The variable loading force exciter device based on automobile side pole collision test according to claim 4, characterized in that, The brake assembly (31) includes a base plate (311) and friction pads (312) fixedly connected to the surface of the base plate (311). The base plate (311) is detachably connected to a base plate (313), and the base plate (313) is detachably connected to the first inner cavity (33). The brake blade (21) is inserted between the friction pads (312). The base plate (311) adjacent to the edge of the first inner cavity (33) has the friction pads (312) fixedly connected only to the side of the adjacent base plate (311). The base plate (311) located in the non-edge area of ​​the first inner cavity (33) has the friction pads (312) fixedly connected to both sides.

6. The variable loading exciter device based on a car side pole crash test according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (4) includes a hydraulic cylinder assembly (41), an electro-hydraulic servo valve (42), and an oil distribution block (43). The main valve of the electro-hydraulic servo valve (42) is connected to the oil distribution block (43). The bottom of the oil distribution block (43) is connected to the top of the hydraulic cylinder assembly (41). The two sides of the oil distribution block (43) are respectively connected to an inlet accumulator (44) and an outlet accumulator (45). The electro-hydraulic servo valve (42) is provided with an interface (46) for connecting to a hydraulic power source.

7. The variable loading exciter device based on a car side pole crash test according to claim 6, characterized in that, The brake seat (32) has a second inner cavity (34). The hydraulic cylinder assembly (41) includes a servo cylinder seat (411) fixed in the second inner cavity (34). An integrated piston (412) is slidably disposed in the servo cylinder seat (411). An end cap (413) is fixedly connected to the end of the servo cylinder seat (411). A limit frame (414) is provided on the rod of the integrated piston (412). The rod of the integrated piston (412) is in movable contact with the base plate (311).

8. The variable loading exciter device based on the side pole crash test of a vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that, The piston portion of the integrated piston (412) is surrounded by a piston sealing ring (415). The end cap (413) is fitted with a rod sealing ring (416) for sealing the rod portion of the integrated piston (412). The end cap (413) and the servo cylinder seat (411) are fitted with an end cap sealing ring (417). The inner wall of the end cap (413) is fixedly connected with a rod guide ring (418), which fits against the rod portion of the integrated piston (412).

9. The variable loading exciter device based on the automobile side column collision test according to claim 5, characterized by, A limiting plate (35) for restricting the swing of the brake blade (21) is fixedly connected to the side of the brake seat (32) away from the pull rod (23). The end of the brake blade (21) passing through the brake seat (32) and the limiting plate (35) is supported by a roller (36). The roller (36) is rotatably connected to the surface of the limiting plate (35). A protective cover (37) is also fixedly connected to the limiting plate (35). The end of the brake blade (21) is located inside the protective cover (37).

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