Switch for switching series circuit and parallel circuit

Abstract

A switch used for switching a series circuit and a parallel circuit comprises a rotary assembly which is provided with two groups of first rotary components and second rotary components connected to the end parts of two adjacent first rotary components; the static contact assembly comprises a first static contact and a fourth static contact which are respectively located on one side of the rotation assembly in the lengthwise direction and comprise a first power connection section and a second power connection section. The second static contact and the third static contact are located on the other side of the rotation assembly in the lengthwise direction; the second power connection section of the first static contact extends along the lengthwise direction relative to the first power connection section, is bent along the lengthwise direction and is spaced by a certain distance. Wherein each first rotary component is internally provided with a moving contact component which is rotatably connected with the first rotary component, the moving contact components extend along the longitudinal width direction, and the downstream part of each moving contact component can be flexibly and electrically connected or operably and electrically connected with the second static contact and the third static contact respectively; and each moving contact component at least has two operation states of series connection and parallel connection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a switch for switching between series circuits and parallel circuits, and more particularly to a switch for switching between series circuits and parallel circuits of battery packs, especially a switch for switching between series circuits and parallel circuits of vehicle battery modules. Background Technology

[0002] The emphasis on new energy vehicles has led to the vigorous development of electric vehicles, which are mainly pure electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Therefore, on-board batteries have become the power source for these electric vehicles. Initially, batteries used in small electric vehicles were usually single cells. However, due to the development of power technology, electric vehicles have gradually replaced traditional engines in household and industrial applications. As a result, the requirements for the range and energy density of batteries used in electric vehicles are becoming increasingly higher. Therefore, on-board batteries are now mostly in the form of battery packs.

[0003] Electric vehicle (EV) battery modules typically employ two electrical connection methods. The first is a series connection of the battery packs to achieve a higher total voltage, which increases the power of the EV's electric motor, resulting in better power and acceleration performance, and further reduces losses during current transmission. The second method is a parallel connection of the battery packs, which significantly increases the total capacity of the battery pack, improves system redundancy, reduces current consumption, and provides more flexible battery management. Given this, the technical challenge of switching between series and parallel electrical connections between the individual cells in an EV battery pack remains.

[0004] Chinese invention patent CN 108144875 B discloses a rapid switching device for battery series-parallel circuits. This invention involves a battery pack series-parallel circuit switching device comprising multiple contactors, multiple relays, and a single changeover switch. Each contactor has two contacts connected to the series positive terminal of the upstream battery fixing connector and the series negative terminal of the downstream battery fixing connector, respectively. Furthermore, each relay has one relay contact connected to the parallel positive terminal of the upstream battery fixing connector, and the other relay contact connected to the parallel negative terminal of the downstream battery fixing connector. In operation, switching to the series position via the changeover switch establishes a series connection between each of the multiple contactors and each battery in the battery pack. Switching to the parallel position via the changeover switch establishes a parallel connection between each of the multiple relays and each of the multiple batteries. While this implementation effectively achieves the switching between series and parallel electrical connections between batteries in the battery pack, the circuitry involved is complex, requiring numerous electrical components to achieve the series and parallel circuit switching function, resulting in high cost and a large layout.

[0005] Furthermore, the utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN 209249630 U also utilizes multiple sets of relays, each of which can be connected to the negative terminal of the upstream battery module and the positive terminal of the downstream battery module respectively. Relays are installed on both the series and parallel circuits, thereby enabling the switching between series and parallel connections of multiple battery modules. Similar to the aforementioned Chinese invention patent, this implementation also requires a large number of electrical components to achieve the series and parallel circuit switching function, resulting in excessively high costs, complex circuitry, and an overly large control circuit layout.

[0006] Furthermore, for example, Chinese invention patent publication number CN 115424900 A considers using a drive component with an eccentric cam to drive the vertical translational movement of two sets of moving contacts, thereby achieving the switching between series and parallel circuits. On the other hand, for example, Chinese invention patent publication number CN 10653 1525A considers using a double-pole switch assembly to achieve the switching between series and parallel circuits. Yet another aspect, for example, US invention patent publication number US20160079015A1 mentions using a gear transmission mechanism to achieve the switching of different circuits. Additionally, there are also operation methods for circuit switching, such as those described in Chinese invention patent publication number CN 105161326A, which utilize a combination of multiple lever mechanisms and guide mechanisms; or operation methods for circuit switching, such as those described in Chinese invention patent publication number CN 101807474A, which utilize rotor rotation to control the contact between moving and stationary contacts.

[0007] Based on the above description, for the technical problem of switching between series and parallel circuits in electric vehicle battery modules, there is a solution that uses a simpler, more feasible, and lower-cost operating mechanism to achieve the function of switching between series and parallel circuits. Utility Model Content

[0008] Therefore, the purpose of this utility model is to overcome the technical defects involved in the series and parallel switching of on-board battery modules in electric vehicles, and to provide a solution with a relatively simple operating mechanism, simplified circuit and fewer electrical components, so as to realize the series and parallel circuit switching function, and reduce cost and space occupied.

[0009] This utility model provides a switch for switching series and parallel circuits, which includes at least a cover, a housing, a stationary contact assembly, and at least one moving contact component. It also includes a rotary assembly having two sets of first rotary components and a second rotary component connected to the ends of two adjacent first rotary components. The stationary contact assembly includes a first stationary contact and a fourth stationary contact, each located on one side of the rotary assembly's longitudinal direction and including a first and a second energized section; and a second stationary contact and a third stationary contact, located on the other side of the rotary assembly's longitudinal direction. The second energized section of the first stationary contact extends longitudinally relative to the first energized section and is bent and spaced apart along the vertical direction. Each first rotary component contains a rotatably connected moving contact component, which extends longitudinally and its downstream portion can be flexibly or operablely electrically connected to the second and third stationary contacts, respectively. Each moving contact component has at least two operating states: series and parallel.

[0010] According to one aspect of the present invention, the second energized section of the first stationary contact is partially located above the fifth energized section of the fourth stationary contact.

[0011] Furthermore, the first energized section of the first stationary contact is aligned with the third stationary contact in the longitudinal direction, and the second stationary contact is aligned with the fourth stationary contact in the longitudinal direction.

[0012] According to one aspect of the present invention, the first energized portion of the first stationary contact is configured to be substantially at the same height as the second and third stationary contacts in the vertical direction.

[0013] According to one aspect of the present invention, two moving contact components are also provided, wherein the first moving contact component has a contact portion on the lower surface of its upstream portion along the vertical direction, and the second moving contact component has contact portions on both the upper and lower surfaces of its upstream portion along the vertical direction.

[0014] According to one aspect of the present invention, the first rotating component has a first rotating housing, a first rotating shaft located on the central axis of the first rotating housing, a pair of first mounting shafts arranged substantially symmetrically with respect to the radial center of the first rotating housing, and a pair of first elastic components; wherein the first rotating shaft is rotatably engaged with each moving contact component.

[0015] According to one aspect of the present invention, the second rotating component includes a second rotating body in the shape of a hollow cylinder, a second stop, a second driving part, and a second elastic member; wherein the second rotating body is spaced apart by the second stop and the second driving part; one end of the second elastic member is mechanically engaged in the second rotating component, and the other end is rotatably connected to the second fixing member.

[0016] Furthermore, the second stop portion and the second drive portion also have second stop portion sections and second drive portion sections extending along the longitudinal direction to both ends of the second rotating body, wherein the second stop portion section and the second drive portion section are respectively engaged with the adjacent first rotating component.

[0017] Furthermore, the first elastic component has a pair of first elastic bodies and a first elastic mounting portion and a first elastic thrust portion located at the axial ends of the first elastic bodies; wherein the first elastic mounting portion is mechanically engaged with the first mounting shaft, and the first elastic thrust portion abuts against the stop portion located at the upstream or downstream portion of each moving contact component.

[0018] According to one aspect of the present invention, the switch has at least two circuit states: series and parallel. In the first circuit state, the upstream portion of the first moving contact component is disconnected from the first energized section of the first stationary contact; and the upstream portion of the second moving contact component is electrically connected to the second energized section of the first stationary contact. In the second circuit state, the upstream portion of the first moving contact component is electrically connected to the first energized section of the first stationary contact, and the upstream portion of the second moving contact component is electrically connected to the fourth stationary contact.

[0019] Further technical features and advantages of the switch for switching series and parallel circuits according to this invention will be described in detail below. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0021] Figure 1 A three-dimensional perspective view of the switch according to the present invention after assembly is shown, with particular attention to the terminal block assembly outside the housing, i.e., the stationary contact assembly;

[0022] Figure 2 A three-dimensional perspective view of the switch according to the present invention after the housing cover has been removed is shown.

[0023] Figure 3 A three-dimensional perspective view of the switch according to the present invention is shown after the cover and housing have been removed, with particular emphasis on the terminal assembly, rotating assembly and drive component installed inside the housing;

[0024] Figure 4 A three-dimensional perspective view of the first rotating component in the switch according to the present invention after its rotating housing has been removed is shown from another angle, wherein the internal structure of the rotating component and its connection with the moving contact component are particularly shown.

[0025] Figure 5A three-dimensional perspective view of the first rotating component in the switch according to the present invention after its rotating housing has been removed is shown from another perspective, as well as the components belonging to the rotating component.

[0026] Figure 6 The arrangement of the second rotary component in the switch according to the present invention and the specific structure of the second rotary component are shown.

[0027] Figure 7 A side view of the rotary assembly in the switch according to the present invention is shown after its rotary housing, elastic element and moving contact components have been removed, with the phase angle of rotation specifically shown.

[0028] Figure 8 A non-limiting schematic view of the current flow direction when the switch according to the present invention is connected in series is shown;

[0029] Figure 9 A non-limiting schematic view is shown of the current flow direction when the switches according to this utility model are connected in parallel;

[0030] Figure Labels

[0031] 1-Switch

[0032] 10- Terminal block assembly, stationary contact assembly

[0033] 11- First terminal, first stationary contact; 111- First energized section; 112- Second energized section

[0034] 12- Second terminal, second stationary contact; 121- Third energized section; 13- Third terminal, third stationary contact.

[0035] 131- Fourth power connection section

[0036] 14- Fourth terminal, fourth stationary contact; 141- Fifth electrical connection section

[0037] 20- Moving contact assembly

[0038] 21- First moving contact component 211- First moving contact member 2110- First moving contact member body 2111- Upper part of the first moving contact member 2112- Lower part of the first moving contact member 2113- Stop part of the first moving contact member 212- Second moving contact member 22- Second moving contact component

[0039] 30- Rotary assembly

[0040] 31- First rotating component 310- First rotating housing 3101- First rotating part 3102- First mounting part 3103- First driving part 3104- First thrust part 3105- First opening 311- First rotating shaft 312- First mounting shaft 313- First elastic component 3131- First elastic body 3132- First elastic mounting part 3133- First elastic thrust part

[0041] 32- Second rotating component; 321- Second rotating main body; 3221- Second stop main body; 3222- Second stop section; 322- Second stop part; 323- Second drive part; 3231- Second drive main body; 3232- Second drive section; 324- Second elastic element; 325- Second fixing element

[0042] 40- Drive component 41- Operating wheel 42- Drive section 43- Thrust section

[0043] X - Longitudinal direction; Y - Longitudinal width direction; Z - Vertical height direction; δ - Phase angle.

[0044] The longitudinal axis L1 of the moving contact component; the longitudinal axis L2 of the moving contact component after movement. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The embodiments given are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 1 A three-dimensional perspective view of the switch for switching series and parallel circuits according to the present invention is shown after assembly, with particular attention to the terminal assembly outside the housing, namely the stationary contact assembly 10. Figure 2 and Figure 3A three-dimensional perspective view of the switch according to the present invention is shown after removing the housing cover and simultaneously removing the housing cover and housing. Specifically, the terminal assembly 10, the rotating assembly 30, and the drive component 40 installed within the housing are shown. The switch 1 according to the present invention for switching series and parallel circuits includes at least a contact assembly and a rotating assembly 30 installed within the housing. The rotating assembly 30 is disposed within the housing along the longitudinal direction X. Further, the contact assembly includes a moving contact assembly 20 and a corresponding stationary contact assembly 10, also referred to herein as a terminal assembly. In a non-limiting embodiment according to the present invention, the moving contact assembly 20 includes a plurality of moving contact components, and the stationary contact assembly 10 has stationary contacts corresponding to each moving contact component in the moving contact assembly 20; alternatively, the stationary contact assembly 10 has contact portions corresponding to the contact portions of each moving contact component.

[0047] stationary contact assembly

[0048] In a non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, four stationary contact components, namely a first stationary contact 11, a second stationary contact 12, a third stationary contact 13, and a fourth stationary contact 14, are installed inside the housing of the switch 1. Preferably, the first stationary contact 11 and the fourth stationary contact 14 are at least partially located on one side of the rotary assembly 30 along the longitudinal direction X within the housing, while the second stationary contact 12 and the third stationary contact 13 are at least partially located on the other side of the rotary assembly 30 along the longitudinal direction X within the housing. See [reference needed]. Figures 1 to 3 .

[0049] In a non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, the first stationary contact 11 has a first electrical contact section 111 extending in the longitudinal direction Y in the opposite direction to the rotary assembly 30, and a second electrical contact section 112 extending substantially in the longitudinal direction X from one end of the first electrical contact section 111, thus presenting an L-shaped profile. See [reference needed]. Figure 3 Furthermore, the second electrical contact section 112 is bent and raised by a certain distance along the vertical direction Z relative to the first electrical contact section 111.

[0050] In a non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, the second stationary contact 12, the third stationary contact 13, and the fourth stationary contact 14 are configured with substantially the same linear configuration and are respectively arranged on both sides of the rotary assembly 30 along the longitudinal direction X in the longitudinal direction Y. Further, the second stationary contact 12 and the third stationary contact 13 are arranged on the opposite side of the rotary assembly 30 along the longitudinal direction X relative to the first stationary contact 11, while the fourth stationary contact 14 is arranged on the same side of the first stationary contact 11 along the longitudinal direction X. Preferably, the fourth contacting segment 131 of the third stationary contact 13 is substantially aligned with the first contacting segment 111 of the first stationary contact 11 in the longitudinal direction Y, and the fifth contacting segment 141 of the fourth stationary contact 14 is substantially aligned with the third contacting segment 121 of the second stationary contact 12 in the longitudinal direction Y. Specifically, the distance between the fourth stationary contact 14 and the first contact segment 111 of the first stationary contact 11 along the longitudinal direction X is approximately equal to the distance between the third stationary contact 13 and the third contact segment 121 of the second stationary contact 12 along the longitudinal direction X. More specifically, the second contact segment 112 of the first stationary contact 11 is partially located above the fifth contact segment 141 of the fourth stationary contact 14, thereby forming a defined space for the corresponding rotational movement angle of the moving contact.

[0051] In a particular embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the upper surfaces of the first contact section 111 of the first stationary contact 11 along the vertical direction Z, the upper surfaces of the third contact section 121 of the second stationary contact 12 along the vertical direction Z, and the upper surfaces of the fourth contact section 131 of the third stationary contact 13 along the vertical direction Z are set to be substantially at the same height.

[0052] According to the preferred arrangement of the stationary contact assembly and the optimized structure of its electrical connection parts, it is helpful to use fewer moving contact parts to achieve electrical connection between the moving contact parts and the stationary contact, and to achieve series and parallel switching between battery modules. It can also reduce the overall space size of the switch 1. The moving contact assembly according to the present invention will be described in detail below, and the rotary assembly 30 used to drive the movement of each component in the moving contact assembly will also be described in detail.

[0053] Moving contact assembly

[0054] Figures 3 to 6 The diagram also shows various views of the switch according to this invention after the cover and housing have been removed, with particular emphasis on the arrangement of the various stationary and moving contact components. Figures 3 to 6 The specific shape and structure of the moving contact component according to this utility model can also be observed.

[0055] See Figure 3 and Figure 4The diagram illustrates the specific structure of the moving contact assembly included in the switch 1 according to the present invention. In a non-limiting embodiment according to the present invention, the moving contact component for a circuit line may include at least one moving contact member. In particular, Figure 4 The structure of the first moving contact component 21 is shown. The specific structures of various moving contact components according to the present invention will be described below using the first moving contact component 21 as a non-limiting embodiment.

[0056] In a non-limiting embodiment according to the present invention, the first moving contact component 21 includes at least one moving contact member. For example... Figure 4 As shown, preferably, the first moving contact component 21 includes a first moving contact member 211 and a second moving contact member 212. Multiple moving contact members can be mechanically connected as a single unit along the longitudinal direction X to construct the moving contact component, thereby increasing the contact area between the moving contact component and the stationary contact at the point of contact.

[0057] In a non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, the main body 2110 of the first moving contact member 211 is generally sheet-like and has two extension segments extending outward from the main body 2110 along the longitudinal width direction Y, thereby constructing an upstream portion 2111 and a downstream portion 2112 of the first moving contact member. Specifically, a contact portion can be provided on the lower surface of the upstream portion 2111 along the longitudinal height direction Z. A similar upstream and downstream contact portion can also be provided on the first moving contact component 21 integrated from multiple first moving contact members. More specifically, the downstream portion of the first moving contact component 21 is flexibly connected to the fourth contact portion 131 of the third stationary contact 13 by mechanical means. In particular, the downstream portion 2112 of the first moving contact member can also be operably connected to the fourth contact portion 131 of the third stationary contact 13 by means of a connecting member with conductive properties. Specifically, the downstream portion of the first moving contact component 21 can be flexibly connected to the fourth energized section 131 of the third stationary contact 13 using conductive silver or copper braided wire. This flexible or operable connection allows the first moving contact component 21 to switch circuits in series or parallel configurations simply by moving its upstream portion, simplifying the connection structure between the moving contact component and the corresponding stationary contact. Similarly, the electrical connection between the downstream portion of the second moving contact component 22 and the third energized section 121 of the second stationary contact 12 can also be configured as a flexible or operable connection. Therefore, each moving contact component in the moving contact assembly 20 according to this invention can have the structure described above, enabling a relatively standardized design for each component, facilitating mass production and manufacturing, and reducing costs.

[0058] Furthermore, a conductive contact material can be applied to the upstream electrical contact portion of the moving contact component. The resistivity of the conductive contact material should be lower than that of the contact body material, and it is typically a conductive silver contact or a sintered silver alloy contact. Specifically, the lower surface of the first moving contact component 21 along the vertical direction is covered with a conductive contact material, while both the upper and lower surfaces of the second moving contact component 22 along the vertical direction are covered with a conductive contact material to facilitate the switching between series and parallel electrical connections, which will be described in detail below.

[0059] In a non-limiting embodiment according to the present invention, the first moving contact component 21 and the second moving contact component 22 have two operating states. In the first operating state, the first moving contact component 21 and the second moving contact component 22 form a longitudinal axis L1 of the moving contact component in a horizontal position. (See also...) Figure 7 In other words, in the first operating state, the lower surface of the upstream portion of the first moving contact component 21 is electrically connected to the first energized segment 111 of the first stationary contact 11; simultaneously, the lower surface of the upstream portion of the second moving contact component 22 is electrically connected to the fifth energized segment 141 of the fourth stationary contact 14, thus forming a parallel electrical connection. On the other hand, in the second operating state, both the first moving contact component 21 and the second moving contact component 22 form an inclined longitudinal axis L2 of the moving contact component, see [reference needed]. Figure 7 In other words, in the second operating state, the lower surface of the upstream portion of the first moving contact component 21, which is electrically connected to the first electrically connected section 111 of the first stationary contact 11, is disconnected from the electrical connection; simultaneously, the upper surface of the upstream portion of the second moving contact component 22, which is electrically connected to the second electrically connected section 112 of the first stationary contact 11, is connected in series. Specifically, the longitudinal axis L2 of the moving contact component is configured with a phase angle δ relative to the horizontal longitudinal axis L1 of the moving contact component, see [reference needed]. Figure 7 Furthermore, the phase angle δ of the second moving contact component 22 can be approximately 30°. o Up to 40 o Between. Preferably, the phase angle δ can be set to 40°. o .

[0060] In another non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, the first moving contact component 21 and the second moving contact component 22 may be tilted at a certain angle relative to the horizontal plane, so that the upstream energized sections of the first moving contact component 21 and the second moving contact component 22 are separated from the energized section of the first energized section 111 of the first stationary contact 11, and the upstream energized section of the second moving contact component 22 is separated from the second energized section of the first stationary contact 11 and the fifth energized section 141 of the fourth stationary contact 14, thereby constructing an open circuit state other than series connection and parallel connection.

[0061] Based on the above description, the switch 1 according to this invention can provide relatively fewer moving contact components by means of an optimized stationary contact structure; that is, two moving contact components are used to achieve electrical connection between the moving contact component and the stationary contact. The operational flexibility of the switch 1 will be further illustrated below by describing the rotary assembly 30.

[0062] Rotary component

[0063] See also Figures 2 to 7 The diagram shows the structure of the rotary assembly 30 and the kinematic relationship between the rotary assembly and each moving contact component in the moving contact assembly 20.

[0064] See Figures 3 to 6 The rotating assembly 30 includes at least one set of first rotating components 31 and at least one set of second rotating components 32. In a non-limiting embodiment according to the present invention, two sets of first rotating components 31 and one set of second rotating components 32 are provided. Further, the two first rotating components 31 are connected by means of the second rotating components 32 to construct such a configuration. Figure 3 The rotary assembly 30 is shown. Furthermore, by rotating the drive component 40 connected to one longitudinal end of the rotary assembly 30, the rotation of each rotary component in the rotary assembly 30 can be realized, and operations such as connecting the moving contact component and the stationary contact in series, connecting the moving contact component and the stationary contact in parallel, and separating the moving contact component and the stationary contact to de-energize can be performed, which will be described in detail later.

[0065] Figures 4 to 6 The diagram specifically illustrates the components of the disassembled first rotating component 31 and their connection to the drive component 40. In a non-limiting embodiment according to the present invention, the first rotating component 31 generally comprises a first rotating housing 310, a first rotating shaft 311, a plurality of first mounting shafts 312, and a plurality of first elastic members 313. Preferably, the first rotating component 31 according to the present invention has two first mounting shafts 312 and a pair of first elastic members 313.

[0066] According to one aspect of the present invention, the first rotating housing 310 is a generally cylindrical housing, and a pair of radially opposite first openings 3105 are provided on its circumferential surface to accommodate and mount the first rotating shaft 311, a plurality of first mounting shafts 312, and a plurality of first elastic members 313. (See also...) Figure 4 Specifically, the first opening 3105 can also limit the rotation angle of the corresponding moving contact, which will be described below. Furthermore, the first rotating housing 310 is also provided with a pair of first rotating portions 3101 at both ends in the longitudinal direction X, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 Preferably, the pair of first rotating portions 3101 are aligned with each other along the longitudinal direction X and located on the longitudinal centerline of the first rotating housing 310. Further, the first rotating housing 310 preferably also has two pairs of first mounting portions 3102 at its two ends along the longitudinal direction X. Specifically, each pair of first mounting portions 3102 is arranged at the radial edges of the two ends of the first rotating housing 310 along the longitudinal direction X. Further, the two pairs of first mounting portions 3102 are symmetrically distributed with respect to the radial centerline of the first rotating housing 310. Preferably, the two pairs of first mounting portions 3102 are parallel to each other, and two mounting points in each pair of first mounting portions 3102 are located at the radial edges of the two ends of the first rotating housing 310. More preferably, the two mounting points in each pair of first mounting portions 3102 are recesses at the radial edges of the two ends of the first rotating housing 310, thereby supporting their respective first mounting shafts 312.

[0067] In a non-limiting embodiment according to the present invention, the first rotating shaft 311 may extend through two first rotating portions 3101 along the longitudinal direction X of the first rotating housing 310, see [reference needed]. Figures 4 to 6 Furthermore, the first moving contact component 21 can also be installed within the first rotating housing 310. See also... Figures 4 to 6 The first rotating shaft 311 extends through the two first rotating parts 3101 along the longitudinal direction X of the first rotating housing 310, see in detail. Figure 4 Preferably, the first rotating portions 3101 disposed at both ends of the first rotating housing 310 in the longitudinal direction X can be located on the central axis of the first rotating housing 310. More preferably, a first moving contact component 21 is also mounted on the first rotating shaft 311. That is, the main body of each component of the first moving contact component 21 is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft 311, and the upstream and downstream portions of each component of the first moving contact component 21 extend through the radially opposite first openings 3105 of the first rotating housing 310, respectively.

[0068] Furthermore, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, corresponding to the two pairs of first mounting portions 3102, two first mounting shafts 312 are preferably provided, which can be mechanically engaged with each of the first mounting portions 3102 of the first rotating housing 310 along the longitudinal direction X.

[0069] According to one aspect of the present invention, corresponding to the two first mounting shafts 312, two first elastic members 313 are also provided. Each first elastic member 313 includes at least a plurality of first elastic bodies 3131, a first elastic mounting portion 3132 located at one end of each first elastic body 3131, and a first elastic thrust portion 3133 located at the other end of each first elastic body 3131. (See also...) Figure 5 Preferably, each first elastic component has a pair of first elastic bodies 3131. Further, each first mounting shaft 312 is operably connected to the first elastic mounting portion 3132 of its respective first elastic component 313. Specifically, the first elastic bodies 3131 of each first elastic component 313 are arranged in pairs and spaced apart from each other. Preferably, the spacing between the pairs of first elastic bodies 3131 is greater than the wall thickness of the first moving contact component 21. Therefore, in the assembled first rotating component 31, the first moving contact component 21 is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft 311 in a substantially centered position in the longitudinal direction X, and each first elastic body 3131 of each first elastic component 313 is located on both sides of the first moving contact component 21 in the longitudinal direction X. Specifically, the other end of each first elastic component 313 has a first elastic thrust portion 3133 connected to two first elastic bodies 3131 and abuts against the upstream and downstream stops of each moving contact member of the first moving contact component 21. Specifically, Figure 4 and Figure 5 An exemplary illustration is shown of the first moving contact member stop 2113 in the first moving contact member 21.

[0070] According to another aspect of the present invention, the two first rotating parts 31 are connected by means of a second rotating part 32. See also Figure 3 The second rotating component 32 includes a hollow cylindrical second rotating body 321, which is spaced apart by a second stop portion 322 and a second driving portion 323. Further, the second stop portion 322 and the second driving portion 323 have generally similar outlines. Even further, the second stop portion 322 is constructed with a cuboid-shaped second stop body 3221 and second stop segments 3222 disposed at both ends of the second stop body 3221 in the longitudinal direction X. Specifically, the second stop segments 3222 have a cuboid structure, see [reference needed]. Figure 6Furthermore, the second drive unit 323 comprises a cylindrical second drive body 3231 located in the center and second drive segments 3232 disposed at both ends of the second drive body 3231 in the longitudinal direction X. Preferably, the second stop portion 322 and the second drive unit 323 are respectively located near the circumferential edges of the two second rotating components 32. More preferably, the second stop portion 322 and the second drive unit 323 are radially symmetrical with respect to the rotation center of the opposing second rotating body 321 and are arranged parallel to each other. Furthermore, the hollow cylindrical second rotating body 321 provides a accommodating space and a movement space for the second elastic member 324, and is able to transmit the rotational motion of the first rotating component 31 by means of the second stop segments 3222 and the second drive segments 3232 located at both ends of its longitudinal direction X, which are adjacent to the first rotating components 31 at both ends of its longitudinal direction X. Alternatively, the second rotating component 32 can also be constructed as a single piece, wherein the second stop portion 322 and the second drive portion 323 are integrally formed with the second rotating component 32, and the second stop portion 3222 and the second drive portion 3232 extend from both ends of the second drive body 3231 in the longitudinal direction X, respectively, so that the second stop portion 3222 and the second drive portion 3232 can be operably engaged with the first rotating component 31 adjacent to both ends in the longitudinal direction X, thereby transmitting the rotational motion from one of the first rotating components 31.

[0071] Preferably, one end of the second elastic member 324 is mechanically engaged with the two end faces of the second rotating body 321 via a swivel pin, preferably in a rotatable mechanical engagement; while the other end of the second elastic member 324 is rotatably connected to the second fixing member 325. In particular, the second fixing member 325 is a shaft-shaped member that extends substantially from the second elastic member 324 along the longitudinal direction X to the adjacent first rotating component 31 and is supported by the housing to facilitate the synchronous rotation of the first moving contact component 21 and the second moving contact component 22 located at the axial ends of the rotating assembly 30, and maintains a stable series or parallel electrical connection after making electrical contact with the corresponding stationary contact contact portion.

[0072] According to another aspect of the present invention, a first rotating component 31 located at the axial end of the rotating assembly 30 can also be rotatably connected to the driving component 40 along the longitudinal direction X. Specifically, the driving component 40 has an operating wheel 41, a driving section 42, and a thrust section 43, wherein the driving section 42 and the second driving section 3232 of the second driving part 323 have similar structures and are cylindrical. The thrust section 43 has a similar structure to the second stop section 3222 of the second stop part 322, and is cuboid in shape. See [reference needed]. Figure 4Furthermore, the drive section 42 and the thrust section 43 engage with the end of the first rotating housing 310 of the first rotating component 31, thereby transmitting the manual or motor-driven rotary motion to the first rotating component 31 via the drive component 40, and further transmitting the rotational motion downward by means of the second rotating component 32 connected to the first rotating component 31.

[0073] Operation method

[0074] During operation, firstly, the operating wheel 41 of the drive component 40 is rotated manually or by a motor, for example, clockwise. Since the drive section 42 and thrust section 43 of the drive component 40 are mechanically connected to one end of the first rotating housing 310 located in the first rotating component 31, the rotational motion of the drive component 40 is transmitted to the first rotating housing 310, and then sequentially transmitted through the first rotating housing 310 to the adjacent second rotating component 32 and subsequent rotating components. Then, each of the first rotating housings 310 rotates synchronously and in the same direction, and the first mounting shaft 312 within each of the first rotating housings 310 also rotates synchronously and in the same direction. In this configuration, the first mounting shaft 312 in the first rotating housing 310, located at the middle position of the rotating assembly 30, simultaneously approaches the first moving contact component 21 and the second moving contact component 22. It abuts against the first moving contact component 21, rotating clockwise so that its upstream portion breaks contact with the first energized section 111 of the first stationary contact 11. Simultaneously, the second moving contact component 22 rotates clockwise so that its upstream portion makes electrical contact with the second energized section 112 of the first stationary contact 11, thereby forming... Figure 8 The first circuit state shown is a series electrical connection. The circuit can be further rotated clockwise manually or by a motor to maintain a stable series electrical connection using the second elastic element 324 in the second rotating component 32.

[0075] On the other hand, when the operating wheel 41 of the drive component 40 is rotated counterclockwise by the manual or electric motor, for example by a phase angle δ, the first moving contact component 21 is electrically connected to the first energized section 111 of the first stationary contact 11, and the second moving contact component 22 rotates counterclockwise and its upstream portion is synchronously separated from the second energized section 112 of the first stationary contact 11, breaking the series electrical connection, and rotates counterclockwise so that the upstream portion of the second moving contact component 22 makes electrical contact with the fifth energized section 141 of the fourth stationary contact 14, thereby achieving Figure 9 The second circuit state shown is a parallel electrical connection. The manual or motor can further rotate counterclockwise to maintain a stable series electrical connection by means of the second elastic element 324 in the second rotating component 32.

[0076] Similarly, those skilled in the art can, as needed, set a phase angle for completely disconnecting the circuit to achieve a third circuit state, namely, open circuit.

[0077] Therefore, the switch according to this invention can realize at least three circuit states. Specifically, during the prototyping process, compared to the existing connector's longitudinal dimension of approximately 230mm, the switch according to this invention, through the construction of a synchronously rotating component, compresses the switch's longitudinal dimension to approximately 97mm, effectively reducing the overall switch volume to about 42% of the original volume, thus saving space. Furthermore, compared to the aforementioned prior art, the switch design according to this invention avoids the arrangement of relay circuits in the vehicle battery module circuit, providing a solution with a relatively simple operating mechanism, simplified circuitry, and fewer electrical components, further reducing costs and space requirements.

Claims

1. A switch (1) for switching series and parallel circuits, having at least a housing cover, a housing, a stationary contact assembly (10) and at least one movable contact part, characterized in that It also includes: A slewing assembly (30) having two first slewing parts (31) and a second slewing part (32) connected to the ends of two adjacent first slewing parts (31); The stationary contact assembly (10) includes a first stationary contact (11) and a fourth stationary contact (14) located on one side of the longitudinal direction (X) of the rotary assembly (30), each having a first contact section (111) and a second contact section (112); and a second stationary contact (12) and a third stationary contact (13) located on the other side of the longitudinal direction (X) of the rotary assembly (30). The second contact section (112) of the first stationary contact (11) extends along the longitudinal direction (X) relative to the first contact section (111), and is bent along the longitudinal height direction (Z) and spaced apart by a certain distance. Each of the first rotating components (31) is provided with a moving contact component that is rotatably connected to it. The moving contact component extends along the longitudinal width direction (Y), and the downstream part of each moving contact component can be flexibly electrically connected or operablely electrically connected to the second stationary contact (12) and the third stationary contact (13), respectively. Each moving contact component has at least two operating states: series and parallel.

2. The switch (1) for switching series and parallel circuits according to claim 1, characterized in that The second energized section (112) of the first stationary contact (11) is partially located above the fifth energized section (141) of the fourth stationary contact (14).

3. The switch (1) for switching series and parallel circuits according to claim 2, characterized in that The first contact section (111) of the first stationary contact (11) is aligned with the third stationary contact (13) in the longitudinal direction (Y), and the second stationary contact (12) is aligned with the fourth stationary contact (14) in the longitudinal direction (Y).

4. The switch (1) for switching series and parallel circuits according to claim 1, characterized in that The first energized section (111) of the first stationary contact, the second stationary contact (12), and the third stationary contact (13) are set to be approximately the same height in the vertical direction (Z).

5. The switch (1) for switching series and parallel circuits according to claim 1, characterized in that Two moving contact components are provided. The first moving contact component (21) has a contact portion on its lower surface along the vertical direction (Z) in its upstream part, and the second moving contact component (22) has contact portions on both its upper and lower surfaces along the vertical direction (Z) in its upstream part.

6. The switch (1) for switching series and parallel circuits according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The first rotating component (31) has a first rotating housing (310), a first rotating shaft (311) located on the central axis of the first rotating housing (310), a pair of first mounting shafts (312) arranged substantially symmetrically with respect to the radial center of the first rotating housing (310), and a pair of first elastic components (313); wherein the first rotating shaft (311) is rotatably engaged with each moving contact component.

7. The switch (1) for switching series and parallel circuits according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The second rotating component (32) includes a hollow cylindrical second rotating body (321), a second stop (322), a second drive (323), and a second elastic member (324); wherein the second rotating body (321) is spaced apart by the second stop (322) and the second drive (323); one end of the second elastic member (324) is mechanically engaged in the second rotating component (32), and the other end is rotatably connected to the second fixing member (325).

8. The switch (1) for switching series and parallel circuits according to claim 7, characterized in that The second stop (322) and the second drive (323) also have a second stop section (3222) and a second drive section (3232) extending along the longitudinal direction (X) to both ends of the second rotating body (321), wherein the second stop section (3222) and the second drive section (3232) are respectively engaged with the adjacent first rotating component (31).

9. The switch (1) for switching series and parallel circuits according to claim 6, characterized in that The first elastic member (313) has a pair of first elastic bodies (3131) and a first elastic mounting portion (3132) and a first elastic thrust portion (3133) located at the axial ends of the first elastic body (3131); wherein the first elastic mounting portion (3132) is mechanically engaged with the first mounting shaft (312), and the first elastic thrust portion (3133) abuts against the stop portion located at the upstream or downstream of each moving contact member.

10. The switch (1) for switching series and parallel circuits according to claim 1, characterized in that It has at least two circuit states: series and parallel. In the first circuit state, the upstream portion of the first moving contact component (21) is disconnected from the first energized section (111) of the first stationary contact (11); and the upstream portion of the second moving contact component (22) is electrically connected to the second energized section (112) of the first stationary contact (11). In the second circuit state, the upstream portion of the first moving contact component (21) is electrically connected to the first energized section (111) of the first stationary contact (11), and the upstream portion of the second moving contact component (22) is electrically in contact with the fourth stationary contact (14).

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