Marine low-speed journal-sticking permanent magnet axle generator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a marine low-speed journal-sticking permanent magnet axle generator, which relates to the technical field of axle generators and comprises a generator shell, a main shaft, a stator, a rotor, a junction box, an electrical cabinet, a control cabinet, a cooling device and a multi-parameter sensor assembly. The installation and disassembly process is greatly simplified, daily maintenance and troubleshooting are facilitated, it is ensured that the temperature of the generator is controllable under the low-speed and high-load working condition through the synergistic effect of water-cooled active heat dissipation of the cooling water circulation water tank and air-cooled passive heat dissipation of the heat pipes and the cooling fins, the permanent magnet motor is adopted, excitation of the permanent magnet motor is provided by a permanent magnet, and the temperature of the generator is controllable. External exciting current is not needed, stable power generation at low rotating speed is ensured, constant-frequency and constant-voltage output is realized based on the frequency converter, and a filter is added to prevent the permanent magnet motor from possibly generating high-frequency harmonic waves to interfere with a ship power grid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of shaft-driven generator technology, specifically a marine low-speed fixed-shaft permanent magnet shaft-driven generator. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the global shipping industry and increasingly stringent environmental requirements, traditional ship power generation methods are facing more and more challenges. Traditional diesel generators are not only energy-intensive and emit large amounts of pollutants, but also have relatively high maintenance costs during long-term operation. Therefore, developing more efficient and environmentally friendly ship power generation technologies has become a key focus of the industry, and permanent magnet shaft generators were developed to meet this need. They employ advanced permanent magnet technology and a shaft-mounted structural design, enabling the generator to efficiently output electrical energy even when the ship's main shaft is running at low speeds. This design not only reduces energy consumption and emissions but also improves the overall energy efficiency of ships. For example, CN218549688U, a shaft-driven generator based on permanent magnet technology, utilizes the cooperation between the coupling mechanism and the docking mechanism. Powered by an electromagnet, the magnetic attraction between the electromagnet and the permanent magnet gradually increases, causing the docking mechanism to shift as a whole and enter the conical groove of the coupling mechanism along the spline shaft. This compresses and expands the friction bladder into the friction groove. Under the magnetic force of the electromagnet, the flow of the magnetorheological fluid in the friction bladder decreases, thereby increasing the frictional resistance. Ultimately, this achieves the purpose of connecting the bushing to the ship's main shaft, allowing the ship's main shaft to drive the bushing and rotor to rotate for power generation. However, this technical solution still cannot effectively solve the problem of unstable generator voltage caused by the large fluctuation range of low-speed motor speed, and the cooling system of the shaft-driven generator still has room for improvement during operation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a marine low-speed fixed-shaft permanent magnet generator to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a marine low-speed fixed-shaft permanent magnet shaft generator, comprising: a generator housing, a main shaft, a stator, a rotor, a junction box, an electrical cabinet, a control cabinet, a cooling device, and a multi-parameter sensor assembly. The bottom of the generator housing is fixed to the ship structure, and a bearing seat is provided at the center of each of the left and right sides of the generator housing. The main shaft is rotatably connected to the generator housing through the bearing seats. The generator housing comprises: an upper housing and a lower housing along the main shaft axis, connected by bolts. Both the upper and lower housings have stator positioning grooves inside. The stator comprises: an upper stator and a lower stator along the main shaft axis, connected by bolts. Both the upper and lower stators have corresponding stator positioning grooves on their outer circumferential surfaces. The stator is fixed to the generator housing by engaging with a stator positioning groove through a protruding part. A winding groove is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the stator, and a stator winding is fixed within the winding groove. The output end of the stator winding is connected to a junction box via winding wires. The rotor includes an upper rotor and a lower rotor connected by bolts. Magnet slots are provided on the outer circumferential surfaces of both the upper and lower rotors, and permanent magnets are installed within these slots. Flanges are provided at both the left and right ends of the rotor, and the rotor is fixed to the main shaft via these flanges. An inverter and a filter are housed within the electrical cabinet. The output end of the junction box is connected to the input end of the inverter via a cable. The output end of the inverter is connected to the input end of the filter via a cable. The output end of the filter is connected to the ship's electrical grid via a cable.

[0005] Furthermore, the cooling device includes: a cooling water circulation tank on the outside of the generator housing, a cooling water pipe on the inner wall of the generator housing, and heat sinks on the outer surface of the generator housing. The cooling water pipes are connected to the cooling water circulation tank, and a heat pipe is provided inside the stator near the winding groove. The heat pipe is connected to the heat sink.

[0006] Furthermore, the stator windings of the upper and lower stators adopt a distributed winding structure, the stator windings include multiple winding units, each winding unit is made of several turns of coil, and each winding unit is evenly distributed along the inner circumference of the stator. The winding units of the upper stator and the winding units of the lower stator are connected by jumper wires.

[0007] Furthermore, the multi-parameter sensor assembly includes: a stator winding temperature sensor inside the stator, a rotor temperature sensor inside the rotor, rotor vibration sensors at the left and right ends, a stator winding insulation resistance sensor on the winding conductor, and an output current sensor and an output voltage sensor at the output end of the junction box.

[0008] Furthermore, the control cabinet includes a main controller, a data processing chip, and a human-machine interface. The main controller is electrically connected to the junction box, the electrical cabinet, and the multi-parameter sensor assembly.

[0009] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this utility model are as follows: By designing the generator housing, stator, and rotor as separate upper and lower parts connected by bolts, this utility model greatly simplifies the installation and disassembly process, facilitates daily maintenance and troubleshooting, reduces maintenance costs, and improves the maintainability and service life of the equipment. Furthermore, the combined effect of water-cooled active cooling via a cooling water circulation tank and air-cooled passive cooling via heat pipes and heat sinks ensures that the generator temperature is controllable under low-speed, high-load conditions. By using a permanent magnet motor, whose excitation is provided by the permanent magnet, no external excitation current is required, ensuring stable power generation even at low speeds. Constant frequency and constant voltage output is achieved based on the frequency converter, and a filter is added to avoid high-frequency harmonic interference to the ship's power grid that the permanent magnet motor may generate. Finally, the main controller, data processing chip, and human-machine interface are integrated in the control cabinet, enabling real-time monitoring of the generator's operating status, including key parameters such as temperature, vibration, insulation resistance, output current, and voltage. Through intelligent control of the frequency converter, precise adjustment and optimized operation of the generator are achieved, while providing intuitive monitoring information and fault warnings, greatly improving the system's safety and automation level. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0011] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the generator part of this utility model;

[0012] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the generator of this utility model;

[0013] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the stator and rotor structure of this utility model;

[0014] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the workflow of this utility model;

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Generator housing; 2. Main shaft; 3. Stator; 4. Rotor; 5. Junction box; 6. Electrical cabinet; 7. Control cabinet; 8. Cooling device; 9. Multi-parameter sensor assembly; 101. Bearing housing; 102. Upper housing; 103. Lower housing; 104. Stator positioning slot; 301. Upper stator; 302. Lower stator; 303. Protrusion; 304. Winding groove; 305. Stator winding; 306. Winding wire; 401. Upper rotor; 402. 403. Lower rotor; 404. Magnet slot; 405. Permanent magnet; 406. Flange; 607. Inverter; 608. Filter; 809. Cooling water circulation tank; 8002. Cooling water pipe; 801. Heat sink; 802. Heat pipe; 903. Stator winding temperature sensor; 904. Rotor temperature sensor; 905. Rotor vibration sensor; 906. Stator winding insulation resistance sensor; 907. Output current sensor; 908. Output voltage sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this utility model, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0017] Please refer to Figure 1-5This utility model provides a marine low-speed permanent magnet shaft generator, including: a generator housing 1, a main shaft 2, a stator 3, a rotor 4, a junction box 5, an electrical cabinet 6, a control cabinet 7, a cooling device 8, and a multi-parameter sensor assembly 9. The bottom of the generator housing 1 is fixed to the ship structure, and a bearing seat 101 is provided at the center of the left and right sides of the generator housing 1. The main shaft 2 is rotatably connected to the generator housing 1 through the bearing seats 101. The generator housing 1 includes an upper housing 102 and a lower housing 103 along the main shaft axis, which are connected by bolts. Both the upper housing 102 and the lower housing 103 are provided with stator positioning grooves 104. The stator 3 includes an upper stator 301 and a lower stator 302 along the main shaft axis, which are connected by bolts. Both the upper stator 301 and the lower stator 302 have protrusions 303 on their outer circumferential surfaces that cooperate with the stator positioning grooves 104. The stator 3 is connected by the protrusions 303. The stator 3 is fixed to the generator housing 1 in conjunction with the stator positioning slot 104. The inner circumferential surface of the stator 3 is provided with a winding groove 304, and a stator winding 305 is fixed in the winding groove 304. The output end of the stator winding 305 is connected to the junction box 5 through the winding wire 306. The rotor 4 includes an upper rotor 401 and a lower rotor 402, which are connected by bolts. The outer circumferential surface of the upper rotor 401 and the lower rotor 402 are provided with a magnet slot 403, and a permanent magnet 404 is provided in the magnet slot 403. The left and right ends of the rotor 4 are provided with flanges 405, and the rotor 4 is fixed to the main shaft 2 through the flanges 405. The electrical cabinet 6 is provided with a frequency converter 601 and a filter 602. The output end of the junction box 5 is connected to the input end of the frequency converter 601 through a cable. The output end of the frequency converter 601 is connected to the input end of the filter 602 through a cable. The output end of the filter 602 is connected to the ship's power grid through a cable.

[0018] In this system, the ship's propulsion system drives the main shaft 2 to rotate. The rotor 4 is fixed to the main shaft 5 via flanges 405 at both ends of the rotor 4, causing the rotor 4 to rotate synchronously. Permanent magnets 404 are embedded in the magnet slots 403 of the rotor 4. When the rotor 4 rotates, it generates a rotating magnetic field. The stator winding 305 cuts the magnetic lines of force of the rotating magnetic field, generating an induced electromotive force. The stator winding 305 is connected in series with the stator winding 306 in the upper stator 301 and the lower stator 302 via jumper wires, outputting electrical energy to the junction box 5. The junction box 5 transmits the electrical energy to the frequency converter 601 in the electrical cabinet 6 via cables for frequency regulation. Specifically, the electrical energy first passes through a rectifier circuit to convert AC to DC, and then uses power devices such as thyristors or transistors to control the main motor in the inverter in a regular manner through PWM control and other technologies. The switching on and off of the switch converts direct current into alternating current with controllable frequency and voltage. The output alternating current is then transformed by a transformer to obtain the required stable output voltage. The transformer achieves stable voltage output by adjusting the turns ratio of the input and output windings. At the same time, the output voltage is smoothed by a filter circuit to remove high-frequency noise and ripple, further providing a stable output voltage. To achieve constant frequency and constant voltage output, the inverter monitors the output frequency and voltage in real time through the output current sensor 905 and the output voltage sensor 906, and feeds this information back to the main controller. The main controller compares the feedback information with the preset constant frequency and constant voltage values, and then adjusts the inverter's output frequency and voltage to ensure that the output always remains within the preset constant frequency and constant voltage range.

[0019] The cooling device 8 includes: a cooling water circulation tank 801 on the outside of the generator housing 1, a cooling water pipe 802 on the inner wall of the generator housing 1, and a heat sink 803 on the outer surface of the generator housing 1. The cooling water pipe 802 is connected to the cooling water circulation tank 801, and a heat pipe 804 is provided inside the stator 3 near the winding groove 304. The heat pipe 804 is connected to the heat sink 803.

[0020] The cooling water circulation tank 801 delivers coolant to the cooling water pipes 802 on the inner wall of the generator housing 1, absorbing the heat from the generator housing 1 and the stator 3. The coolant circulates, and the heat is dissipated through the water tank or an external cooling system. The heat pipes 804 near the winding grooves 304 inside the stator 3 absorb the heat generated by the stator windings 305 and conduct it to the heat sinks 803 on the outer surface of the generator housing 1. The heat sinks 803 further dissipate heat through air convection or external air cooling. The active cooling of the water and the passive cooling of the heat pipes and heat sinks work together to ensure that the generator temperature is controllable under low-speed, high-load conditions.

[0021] The stator windings 305 of the upper stator 301 and the lower stator 302 adopt a distributed winding structure. The stator windings 305 include multiple winding units, each winding unit is made of several turns of coil, and each winding unit is evenly distributed along the inner circumference of the stator. The winding units of the upper stator 301 and the winding units of the lower stator 302 are connected by jumper wires.

[0022] The winding units are evenly distributed along the inner circumference of the stator, making the magnetic field distribution more uniform and reducing local magnetic saturation. The distributed winding makes full use of the stator slot space, increases the winding fill factor, and increases the conductive cross-sectional area of ​​the winding, thereby reducing resistance loss and making the heat distribution more uniform, avoiding local overheating. It is also easy to combine with cooling systems such as heat pipes and cooling pipes to improve heat dissipation efficiency. The distributed winding structure divides the winding into multiple units, and the failure of a single unit will not affect the operation of the overall winding, thus improving the reliability of the system.

[0023] The multi-parameter sensor assembly 9 includes: a stator winding temperature sensor 901 inside the stator 3, a rotor temperature sensor 902 inside the rotor 4, rotor vibration sensors 903 at the left and right ends, a stator winding insulation resistance sensor 904 on the winding conductor 306, and an output current sensor 905 and an output voltage sensor 906 at the output end of the junction box 5.

[0024] Among them, the stator winding temperature sensor 901 is located inside the stator 3, near the stator winding 305, to monitor the temperature rise of the stator winding 305 and prevent overheating damage; the rotor temperature sensor 902 is located inside the rotor 4, near the permanent magnet 404, to monitor the temperature of the rotor 4 and prevent the permanent magnet 404 from demagnetizing; the rotor vibration sensor 903 is located at the end of the rotor 4, near the main shaft 2, to monitor the vibration state of the rotor 4 and determine whether the rotor 4 is unbalanced or the main shaft 2 is bent; the stator winding insulation resistance sensor 904 is located on the lead wire of the stator winding 305 to monitor the insulation performance of the stator winding 305 and prevent insulation aging or breakdown; the output current sensor 905 is located at the output end of the junction box 5 to monitor the generator output current and determine the load status; and the output voltage sensor 906 is located at the output end of the junction box 5 to monitor the generator output voltage and determine the grid stability.

[0025] The control cabinet 7 includes a main controller, a data processing chip, and a human-machine interface. The main controller is electrically connected to the junction box 5, the electrical cabinet 6, and the multi-parameter sensor assembly 9.

[0026] The sensor data is transmitted to the main controller and data processing chip in control cabinet 7 via cable. The main controller analyzes the data and determines the generator's operating status, such as overheating, abnormal vibration, or insulation failure. The main controller automatically adjusts the inverter's output parameters to optimize power quality. In an emergency, it can cut off the output or start the cooling system.

[0027] In using this invention, the ship's propulsion system drives the main shaft 2 to rotate. The rotor 4 is fixed to the main shaft 5 via flanges 405 at both ends of the rotor 4, causing the rotor 4 to rotate synchronously. Permanent magnets 404 are embedded in the magnet slots 403 of the rotor 4. When the rotor 4 rotates, it generates a rotating magnetic field. The stator winding 305 cuts the magnetic lines of force of the rotating magnetic field, generating an induced electromotive force. The stator winding 305 is connected in series with the stator windings 306 in the upper stator 301 and the lower stator 302 via jumper wires, outputting electrical energy to the junction box 5. The junction box 5 transmits the electrical energy to the frequency converter 601 in the electrical cabinet 6 via cables for frequency adjustment. The filter 602 filters the frequency-converted electrical energy to eliminate harmonic interference. Finally, the electrical energy is connected to the ship's power grid via cables to power the ship's equipment.

[0028] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that all other embodiments obtained by making various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention and without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A marine low-speed shaft-hugging permanent-magnet shaft generator, characterized in that include: The generator housing (1), main shaft (2), stator (3), rotor (4), junction box (5), electrical cabinet (6), control cabinet (7), cooling device (8), and multi-parameter sensor assembly (9) are provided. The bottom of the generator housing (1) is fixed to the ship structure, and a bearing seat (101) is provided at the center of the left and right sides of the generator housing (1). The main shaft (2) is freely rotatably connected to the generator housing (1) through the bearing seat (101). The generator housing (1) includes: an upper shell along the axis of the main shaft. (102) and the lower housing (103) are connected by bolts. Both the upper housing (102) and the lower housing (103) are provided with stator positioning grooves (104). The stator (3) includes an upper stator (301) and a lower stator (302) along the main shaft axis and are connected by bolts. Both the upper stator (301) and the lower stator (302) have protrusions (303) on their outer circumferential surfaces that cooperate with the stator positioning grooves (104). The stator (3) is connected to the stator positioning grooves (104) through the protrusions (303). The stator (3) is fixed to the generator housing (1). The inner circumferential surface of the stator (3) is provided with a winding groove (304). The stator winding (305) is fixed in the winding groove (304). The output end of the stator winding (305) is connected to the junction box (5) through the winding wire (306). The rotor (4) includes an upper rotor (401) and a lower rotor (402) and is connected by bolts. The outer circumferential surface of the upper rotor (401) and the lower rotor (402) are provided with magnet slots (403). The magnet slots (403) are provided with magnets. There is a permanent magnet (404). The rotor (4) has flanges (405) at both the left and right ends. The rotor (4) is fixed on the main shaft (2) through the flanges (405). The electrical cabinet (6) is equipped with a frequency converter (601) and a filter (602). The output end of the junction box (5) is connected to the input end of the frequency converter (601) through a cable. The output end of the frequency converter (601) is connected to the input end of the filter (602) through a cable. The output end of the filter (602) is connected to the ship's power grid through a cable.

2. A marine low speed shaft-hugging permanent magnet shaft generator according to claim 1, characterized in that The cooling device (8) includes: a cooling water circulation tank (801) on the outside of the generator housing (1), a cooling water pipe (802) on the inner wall of the generator housing (1), and a heat sink (803) on the outer surface of the generator housing (1). The cooling water pipe (802) is connected to the cooling water circulation tank (801), and a heat pipe (804) is provided inside the stator (3) near the winding groove (304). The heat pipe (804) is connected to the heat sink (803).

3. A marine low speed shaft-hugging permanent magnet shaft generator according to claim 2, characterized in that The stator windings (305) of the upper stator (301) and lower stator (302) adopt a distributed winding structure. The stator windings (305) include multiple winding units, each winding unit is made of several turns of coil, and each winding unit is evenly distributed along the inner circumference of the stator. The winding units of the upper stator (301) and the winding units of the lower stator (302) are connected by jumper wires.

4. A marine low speed shaft-hugging permanent magnet shaft generator according to claim 3, characterized in that The multi-parameter sensor assembly (9) includes: a stator winding temperature sensor (901) inside the stator (3), a rotor temperature sensor (902) inside the rotor (4), a rotor vibration sensor (903) at the left and right ends, a stator winding insulation resistance sensor (904) on the winding conductor (306), and an output current sensor (905) and an output voltage sensor (906) at the output end of the junction box (5).

5. A marine low speed shaft-hugging permanent magnet shaft generator according to claim 3, characterized in that The control cabinet (7) includes a main controller, a data processing chip and a human-machine interface. The main controller is electrically connected to the junction box (5), the electrical cabinet (6) and the multi-parameter sensor assembly (9).

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