Clamping and positioning tool for drilling outer sleeve nut

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of machining tools, and particularly discloses a clamping and positioning tool for drilling a jacket nut, which comprises a tool main body and a fastener detachably connected with the tool main body, wherein the tool body comprises a cylindrical section and a clamping section, the bottom of the clamping section is provided with first positioning faces and second positioning faces, the number of the first positioning faces and the number of the second positioning faces are the same as the number of inclined holes needing to be machined of a jacket nut, each first positioning face is parallel to the axis of the corresponding inclined hole and used for being matched with a single-shaft machine tool base to achieve transverse positioning, and meanwhile each second positioning face is perpendicular to the axis of the corresponding inclined hole. The outer sleeve nut is used for being matched with a base of a single-shaft machine tool to achieve longitudinal positioning during machining, and when an inclined hole is machined, the cylindrical section is arranged in a preset inner hole of the outer sleeve nut in a sleeved mode and locked through a fastener. The tool is reasonable in structural design, can effectively meet the requirements for accurate positioning and clamping when the inclined hole of the outer sleeve nut is machined, improves the machining accuracy and efficiency, and provides powerful support for high-quality production of the outer sleeve nut.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of machining tooling technology, specifically relating to a clamping and positioning tooling for drilling holes in outer sleeve nuts. Background Technology

[0002] As is well known, the outer nut is a common mechanical part used for connection and fastening, playing an important role in various mechanical connections and assemblies. Its working principle is to use the cooperation between the internal thread and the external thread of the screw or pipe to realize the connection between the components through rotation. The friction and locking force between the threads ensure the stability of the connection, making it indispensable in many fields such as automobile manufacturing, aerospace, construction engineering, and electronic equipment production.

[0003] In the field of machining, drilling holes for outer nuts is a very common production task, but the requirements for various drilling operations differ, such as... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the part of the outer nut A that needs to be machined is the three oblique holes A1 on its top outer ring. These three oblique holes A1 are evenly distributed, with equal included angles between them, and each of the three oblique holes A1 is set at an angle α (α is an acute angle) with the vertical plane. Currently, drilling is mainly carried out using multi-axis machine tools and single-axis machine tools. Among them, multi-axis machine tools have high machining accuracy and high degree of automation, but the equipment purchase cost is high. For the machining of small batches of outer nuts A, the cost is too high and the economic efficiency is not good. On the other hand, although the equipment cost of single-axis machine tool machining is low, it has high requirements for the accuracy and stability of clamping and positioning fixtures. This is because the holes on the outer nut A have a special distribution and angle, and conventional clamping and positioning fixtures are difficult to meet the high-precision positioning requirements. During the machining process, problems such as hole position deviation and angle deviation are prone to occur, resulting in difficulty in guaranteeing product quality, increasing scrap rate, and thus increasing production costs and production cycle.

[0004] Therefore, developing a high-precision, high-stability clamping and positioning fixture suitable for single-axis machine tools, capable of meeting the special hole distribution and angle requirements of outer nut A, has become a key issue that urgently needs to be addressed. This is of great significance for reducing production costs, improving production efficiency, and enhancing product quality.

[0005] In view of this, this utility model is hereby proposed. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a clamping and positioning fixture for drilling outer nuts. It is mainly used to solve the problem of insufficient clamping and positioning accuracy and stability when machining outer nuts with special hole distribution and angle requirements on single-axis machine tools, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing production costs, improving production efficiency and product quality.

[0007] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] This utility model provides a clamping and positioning fixture for drilling outer nuts, including a fixture body and fasteners detachably connected to the fixture body;

[0009] The tooling body includes a cylindrical section and a clamping section connected to the cylindrical section. A positioning structure is provided at the bottom of the tooling body on one side of the clamping section. The positioning structure is used to position the inclined hole to be processed in the outer sleeve nut in the horizontal and vertical directions. When the inclined hole is processed, the cylindrical section is sleeved in the preset inner hole of the outer sleeve nut and locked by the fastener.

[0010] Furthermore, the positioning structure includes a plurality of first positioning surfaces disposed around the bottom of the tooling body and a plurality of second positioning surfaces that cooperate with the first positioning surfaces. The number of the first positioning surfaces and the number of the second positioning surfaces are the same as the number of oblique holes to be machined for the outer sleeve nut. Each first positioning surface is parallel to the axis of the oblique hole to be machined and is used to cooperate with the single-axis machine tool base to achieve lateral positioning during the machining of the oblique hole. At the same time, each of the corresponding second positioning surfaces is perpendicular to the axis of the oblique hole to be machined and is used to cooperate with the single-axis machine tool base to achieve longitudinal positioning during the machining of the oblique hole.

[0011] Furthermore, the fastener is a flange bolt, and the tooling body has a threaded hole at the top center on one side of the cylindrical section that mates with the flange bolt. The flange bolt passes through the central through hole of the outer nut and is screwed to the tooling body.

[0012] Furthermore, the clamping and positioning fixture also includes a shim, the minimum circumscribed circle diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the central through hole of the outer nut, and the shim is disposed between the flange bolt head and the outer nut.

[0013] Furthermore, the hardness of the gasket is less than that of the outer nut, in order to prevent the gasket from scratching the surface of the outer nut during the tightening of the flange bolts.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the cylindrical segment is clearance-fitted with the inner diameter of the preset inner hole of the outer sleeve nut.

[0015] Preferably, the clearance value for the clearance fit is generally set to 0.05mm to 0.1mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the end of the tooling body located on one side of the cylindrical section is chamfered to facilitate insertion into the preset inner hole of the outer nut.

[0017] Furthermore, the clamping section is hexagonal.

[0018] Furthermore, the cylindrical section and the clamping section are integrally formed structures.

[0019] Furthermore, the main body of the tooling is made of aluminum alloy.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The clamping and positioning fixture provided by this utility model features alternating first and second positioning surfaces at the bottom of the clamping section of the main fixture body. These surfaces are the same number as the number of oblique holes to be machined in the outer sleeve nut. The first positioning surface is parallel to the axis of the oblique hole to achieve lateral positioning, while the second positioning surface, opposite the first, is perpendicular to the axis of the oblique hole to achieve longitudinal positioning. This design meets the high-precision positioning requirements of the special hole distribution and angles of the outer sleeve nut, solving the problem of insufficient clamping and positioning accuracy and stability when machining such outer sleeve nuts on a single-axis machine tool. Therefore, compared to the high purchase cost of multi-axis machine tools, for machining small batches of outer sleeve nuts, using this clamping and positioning fixture in conjunction with a single-axis machine tool significantly reduces production costs. Simultaneously, precise positioning ensures the position and angle accuracy of the holes during machining, reducing positional and angular deviations, lowering the scrap rate, and thus improving production efficiency and product quality. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings are incorporated in and form part of this specification, and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this invention.

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the outer sleeve nut that requires oblique hole machining in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the outer sleeve nut that requires oblique hole machining in this utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is an assembly diagram of the clamping and positioning fixture (including the outer nut) of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the clamping and positioning fixture (including the outer nut) of this utility model in the processing state;

[0028] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the clamping and positioning fixture (including the outer nut) of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the clamping and positioning fixture of this utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the clamping and positioning fixture of this utility model. Figure 2 .

[0031] in:

[0032] 1 is the main body of the tooling; 11 is the cylindrical section; 12 is the clamping section; 13 is the first positioning surface; 14 is the second positioning surface; 15 is the threaded hole;

[0033] 2 represents fasteners;

[0034] 3 is a gasket;

[0035] A is the outer nut; A1 is the oblique hole; A2 is the preset inner hole; A3 is the center through hole; α is the angle between the oblique hole and the vertical plane. Detailed Implementation

[0036] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses consistent with some aspects of this invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0037] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0038] Please see Figures 1-7 The present invention provides a clamping and positioning fixture for drilling outer sleeve nuts, mainly for workpieces with special hole distribution and angle requirements, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 , 2The outer nut A shown in the diagram has three evenly distributed oblique holes A1 on its top outer ring, with equal included angles between them and forming an acute angle α with the vertical plane. Currently, multi-axis machine tool processing is costly, and single-axis machine tool processing requires high precision and stability from the clamping and positioning fixtures, which conventional fixtures often cannot meet. Therefore, the clamping and positioning fixture of this invention is of great significance. Based on the structural characteristics of the current semi-finished outer nut A, the inventors specifically designed a clamping and positioning fixture for machining the three oblique holes A1. This fixture includes a fixture body 1 and fasteners 2 detachably connected to the fixture body 1. Through the cooperation of these two components, the outer nut A to be processed is locked inside the workpiece, allowing the three oblique holes A1 to be machined sequentially and with high quality using a single-axis machine tool.

[0039] In this embodiment of the utility model, the tooling body 1 is the core component of the clamping and positioning tooling. It is made of aluminum alloy bar material because aluminum alloy has the advantages of light weight, high strength and corrosion resistance, which can meet the usage requirements of the tooling in the machining process, while reducing the overall weight of the tooling and making it easier to operate.

[0040] like Figure 6 , 7 As shown, the fixture body 1 includes a cylindrical section 11 and a clamping section 12, which are integrally formed. This integral design ensures the structural strength and stability of the fixture body 1 and reduces errors caused by assembly connections. Specifically, the outer diameter of the cylindrical section 11 and the inner diameter of the preset inner hole A2 of the outer nut A are fitted with a clearance fit, typically set to 0.05mm to 0.1mm. This clearance fit ensures that the cylindrical section 11 can smoothly fit into the preset inner hole A2 of the outer nut A while maintaining a certain level of positioning accuracy. Simultaneously, the end of the fixture body 1 located on one side of the cylindrical section 11 is chamfered. This chamfer design facilitates the quick and accurate fitting of the cylindrical section 11 into the preset inner hole A2 of the outer nut A, improving clamping efficiency. The clamping section 12 is designed with a hexagonal structure, which facilitates the use of tools to clamp and fix the fixture body 1, making it easier to operate on a single-axis machine tool.

[0041] Furthermore, a positioning structure is provided around the bottom of the tooling body 1 on one side of the clamping section 12. This positioning structure is used to position the oblique hole A1 to be machined in the outer sleeve nut A in both the lateral and longitudinal directions. Specifically, the positioning structure includes multiple first positioning surfaces 13 and multiple second positioning surfaces 14 that cooperate with the first positioning surfaces 13 around the bottom of the tooling body 1. The number of first positioning surfaces 13 and second positioning surfaces 14 is the same as the number of oblique holes A1 to be machined in the outer sleeve nut A. For example, in this embodiment, there are three first positioning surfaces 13 and three second positioning surfaces 14. The three first positioning surfaces 13 and the three second positioning surfaces 14 (with relatively large surface areas) are alternately arranged around the bottom of the tooling body 1. Figure 7As shown, the first positioning surface 13 and the second positioning surface 14 are arranged opposite each other (i.e., used simultaneously with two positioning surfaces in between). Specifically, the bottom surface can be milled to form uniformly distributed surfaces parallel to the axis of the hole to be machined in the outer nut A (i.e., the first positioning surface 13), which are used for lateral positioning when connected to the single-axis machine tool base. Then, the vertices of the triangular base formed are milled into planes perpendicular to their corresponding inclined surfaces (i.e., the second positioning surface 14), which are used for longitudinal positioning. That is, each first positioning surface 13 is parallel to the axis of the inclined hole A1 to be machined, and cooperates with the single-axis machine tool base to achieve lateral positioning when the inclined hole A1 is machined; each second positioning surface 14 is perpendicular to the axis of the inclined hole A1 to be machined, and cooperates with the single-axis machine tool base to achieve longitudinal positioning when the inclined hole A1 is machined. Through the cooperation of the first positioning surface 13 and the second positioning surface 14, the position of the outer nut A on the machine tool can be accurately determined, ensuring the accuracy of the machining of the inclined hole A1.

[0042] Furthermore, the tooling body 1 has a threaded hole 15 at the top center on one side of the cylindrical section 11, which mates with the fastener 2. The corresponding fastener 2 is a flange bolt, which has a larger head support surface, providing a more uniform clamping force. In use, the flange bolt passes through the central through hole A3 of the outer nut A and screws into the threaded hole 15 of the tooling body 1, locking the outer nut A onto the tooling body 1 and preventing the outer nut A from shifting during processing.

[0043] Preferably, the clamping and positioning fixture of this utility model further includes a washer 3, wherein the minimum outer circle diameter of the washer 3 is greater than the diameter of the central through hole A3 of the outer nut A, and the washer 3 is disposed between the flange bolt head and the outer nut A. At the same time, the hardness of the washer 3 is less than the hardness of the outer nut A, so that during the tightening of the flange bolt, the washer 3 can be prevented from scratching the surface of the outer nut A, thus protecting the appearance quality of the outer nut A.

[0044] The following is the process of using the clamping and positioning fixture in this embodiment of the invention to process the oblique hole A1 of the outer nut A on a single-axis machine tool:

[0045] 1) First, align the chamfered end of the cylindrical section 11 of the tooling body 1 with the preset inner hole A2 of the outer nut A, and then fit the cylindrical section 11 into the preset inner hole A2;

[0046] 2) Next, place the washer 3 above the center through hole A3 of the outer nut A, and then pass the flange bolt (fastener 2) through the center through hole A3 of the outer nut A and the washer 3, and screw it into the threaded hole 15 at the top center of the fixture body 1. Tighten the flange bolt with a tool to firmly fix the outer nut A on the fixture body 1. During the tightening process, since the hardness of the washer 3 is less than that of the outer nut A, it will not scratch the surface of the outer nut A;

[0047] 3) Next, place the fixture body 1 with the outer nut A assembled on the base of the single-axis machine tool. Based on the required position of the inclined hole A1 to be machined, align the first positioning surface 13 and the second positioning surface 14 at the bottom of the clamping section 12 of the fixture body 1 with the corresponding positioning surfaces of the single-axis machine tool base. Since each first positioning surface 13 is parallel to the axis of the inclined hole A1 to be machined, and each second positioning surface 14 is perpendicular to the axis of the inclined hole A1 to be machined, this fit allows for precise positioning of the outer nut A in both the transverse and longitudinal directions. Figure 4 As shown;

[0048] 4) Then use the machine tool's clamping tools (such as vises) to clamp the clamping section 12 of the fixture body 1. The hexagonal structure of the clamping section 12 makes it easy for tools such as vises to clamp firmly, ensuring that the fixture will not shake during the processing.

[0049] 5) Finally, start the single-axis machine tool and machine the inclined hole A1 on the positioned outer nut A according to the preset machining parameters. During the machining process, due to the fit between the fixture body 1 and the outer nut A, as well as the accurate clamping and positioning of the fixture on the machine tool, the positional and angular accuracy of the inclined hole A1 can be effectively guaranteed, reducing problems such as positional and angular deviations of the hole caused by inaccurate positioning, and improving product quality.

[0050] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement it. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this utility model.

[0051] It should be understood that this utility model is not limited to the content already described above, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this utility model is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A clamping and positioning fixture for drilling holes in outer sleeve nuts, characterized in that, It includes a tooling body (1) and fasteners (2) detachably connected to the tooling body (1); The tooling body (1) includes a cylindrical section (11) and a clamping section (12) connected to the cylindrical section (11). The tooling body (1) has a positioning structure at the bottom of the clamping section (12) on one side. The positioning structure is used to position the inclined hole (A1) of the outer nut (A) to be processed in the horizontal and vertical directions. When the inclined hole (A1) is processed, the cylindrical section (11) is sleeved in the preset inner hole (A2) of the outer nut (A) and locked by the fastener (2).

2. The clamping and positioning fixture for drilling outer sleeve nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning structure includes a plurality of first positioning surfaces (13) arranged around the bottom of the tooling body (1) and a plurality of second positioning surfaces (14) that cooperate with the first positioning surfaces (13). The number of the first positioning surfaces (13) and the number of the second positioning surfaces (14) are the same as the number of oblique holes (A1) to be machined for the outer nut (A). Each first positioning surface (13) is parallel to the axis of the oblique hole (A1) to be machined and is used to cooperate with the single-axis machine tool base to achieve lateral positioning when the oblique hole (A1) is machined. At the same time, each of the corresponding second positioning surfaces (14) is perpendicular to the axis of the oblique hole (A1) to be machined and is used to cooperate with the single-axis machine tool base to achieve longitudinal positioning when the oblique hole (A1) is machined.

3. The clamping and positioning fixture for drilling outer sleeve nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fastener (2) is a flange bolt. The tooling body (1) is provided with a threaded hole (15) that mates with the flange bolt at the top center of the cylindrical section (11). The flange bolt passes through the center through hole (A3) of the outer nut (A) and is screwed to the tooling body (1).

4. The clamping and positioning fixture for drilling outer sleeve nuts according to claim 3, characterized in that, The clamping and positioning fixture also includes a shim (3), the minimum outer circle diameter of which is greater than the diameter of the central through hole (A3) of the outer nut (A), and the shim (3) is disposed between the flange bolt head and the outer nut (A).

5. The clamping and positioning fixture for drilling outer sleeve nuts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The hardness of the gasket (3) is less than that of the outer nut (A) to prevent the gasket (3) from scratching the surface of the outer nut (A) during the tightening of the flange bolts.

6. The clamping and positioning fixture for drilling outer sleeve nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the cylindrical section (11) is clearance-fitted with the inner diameter of the preset inner hole (A2) of the outer nut (A).

7. The clamping and positioning fixture for drilling outer sleeve nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tooling body (1) has a chamfer at one end of the cylindrical section (11) to facilitate insertion into the preset inner hole (A2) of the outer nut (A).

8. The clamping and positioning fixture for drilling outer sleeve nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping section (12) is hexagonal.

9. The clamping and positioning fixture for drilling outer sleeve nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylindrical section (11) and the clamping section (12) are integrally formed structures.

10. The clamping and positioning fixture for drilling outer sleeve nuts according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The main body of the tooling (1) is made of aluminum alloy.

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