Rock-socketed gravity anchor suitable for complex water bottom

Abstract

A rock-socketed gravity anchor suitable for a complex water bottom comprises an overwater floating body and an anchor block sinking in a water bottom rock stratum. The anchor block is characterized in that a plurality of steel chisel assemblies used for preventing the anchor block from sliding laterally are arranged on the anchor block, and the bottoms of the steel chisel assemblies penetrate through the anchor block to be inserted into an underwater rock stratum; the steel chisel assembly is composed of a stamping body and two rock-socketed steel chisels connected to the two ends of the stamping body, and a sleeve used for being connected with the tops of the rock-socketed steel chisels in a sleeving mode is arranged at the end of the stamping body. A lower limiting plate temporarily connected with the anchor block is arranged on the lower portion of the anchor block, and a lower limiting structure used for being connected with the lower limiting plate in a clamped mode is formed on the rock-socketed steel chisel. Compared with the prior art, the rock-socketed steel chisel and the inclined rock stratum are tightly combined, and the anchor block is effectively fixed through the upper limiting plate and the lower limiting plate, so that the anchoring stability under the inclined terrain bedrock geological condition is greatly improved, and the problem that the anchor block is prone to sliding in a traditional anchoring mode is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of anchoring technology for floating engineering on water, specifically to a rock-embedded gravity anchor suitable for complex water bottoms. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of energy technology, floating photovoltaic power stations, as a new type of clean energy utilization, are being used more and more widely. At the same time, various floating platforms and aquaculture facilities are also constantly developing. However, the safe and stable operation of these floating structures highly depends on reliable anchoring systems.

[0003] In practical engineering applications, many water bodies have sloping bottoms and complex bedrock geological conditions. Traditional anchoring methods, such as ordinary gravity anchors, rely solely on their own weight to resist horizontal and vertical forces to tighten floating objects.

[0004] However, when the anchor block is on sloping terrain, it is very easy for the anchor block to slip due to the component of its own weight, making it difficult to maintain a stable anchoring state and affecting the anchoring effect.

[0005] Chinese patent CN118220409A discloses a segmented floating photovoltaic lightweight anchoring system and its design method, including a floating photovoltaic array floating on the water surface and an anchor block submerged in the water. It also includes multiple anchoring supports set on the outside of the floating photovoltaic array, an upper connector with one end connected to the anchoring support and the other end connected to the middle cable; the middle cable is connected to a lower cable; the lower cable is connected to the bottom connector; and the bottom connector is connected to the anchor block.

[0006] The aforementioned anchoring system anchors the floating photovoltaic array by connecting anchor blocks to both ends of the array. However, when encountering severe weather such as strong winds and waves, the floating body is subjected to upward pulling force, which can easily lead to anchoring failure and seriously threaten the safety of the water facilities. In addition, the aforementioned anchor blocks are also difficult to effectively anchor the floating photovoltaic array on the tilted bottom of the water.

[0007] In conclusion, developing an anchoring device that can adapt to sloping terrain and bedrock geological conditions, effectively solve the problem of anchor block slippage, and has good pull-out resistance and high construction efficiency is of great practical significance. Utility Model Content

[0008] The present invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a rock-embedded gravity anchor suitable for complex underwater environments, which has good pull-out resistance and can effectively resist anchor block slippage.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned utility model objectives, the present utility model adopts the following technical solution: a rock-embedded gravity anchor suitable for complex underwater environments, comprising a floating body on the water and an anchor block submerged in the underwater rock layer; characterized in that the anchor block is provided with several steel chisel assemblies for preventing lateral slippage of the anchor block, the bottom of the steel chisel assembly passing through the anchor block and inserted into the underwater rock layer; the steel chisel assembly consists of a stamping body and two rock-embedded steel chisels connected to both ends of the stamping body, the end of the stamping body is provided with a sleeve for fitting the top of the rock-embedded steel chisels; the lower part of the anchor block is provided with a lower limiting plate temporarily connected to the anchor block, and the rock-embedded steel chisels have a lower limiting structure for engaging the lower limiting plate; the rock-embedded steel chisels are also provided with an upper limiting plate for restricting the buoyancy of the anchor block, and the steel chisel assembly has an upper limiting structure for engaging the upper limiting plate.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the anchor block includes a base for increasing the contact area with the bottom rock layer and a guide block for reducing the impact of water flow on the anchor block. A lifting ring is pre-embedded on the top of the guide block, and several ropes for tightening the floating body on the water are provided on the lifting ring.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the base and the guide block are integrally cast structures, and the guide block is a trapezoidal structure formed on the top of the base.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the sleeve is pre-embedded at the bottom of the stamping body, and the sleeve is a blind hole structure for realizing the contact between the top of the rock-embedded steel rod and the stamping body.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the sleeve is fitted with the rock-embedded steel rod with a clearance.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the anchor block has a through hole that facilitates the insertion of the rock-embedded steel rod, and the size of the through hole is larger than the radial dimension of the lower limiting structure.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lower limiting structure includes a lower guide strip and a lower abutment plate located above the lower guide strip, and a lower locking position for clamping the lower limiting plate is formed between the lower guide strip and the lower abutment plate.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper limiting structure includes an upper guide strip and an upper abutment plate located below the upper guide strip, and an upper locking position for clamping the upper limiting plate is formed between the upper guide strip and the upper abutment plate.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the upper limiting plate is fixedly connected to the rock-embedded steel rod by welding.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the lower limiting structure, the upper limiting structure, and the rock-embedded steel rod are an integral structure.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, the tight bonding between the rock-embedded steel rod and the inclined rock layer, as well as the effective fixation of the anchor block by the upper and lower limiting plates, greatly improves the anchoring stability under inclined terrain bedrock geological conditions and effectively solves the problem of easy slippage of anchor blocks in traditional anchoring methods.

[0020] By embedding the rock-socketed steel rod deep into the rock strata, the anchoring system can better resist upward pulling forces, thus improving the safety of floating bodies in harsh weather conditions.

[0021] The construction method of using a vibratory hammer to insert rock-embedded steel rods is relatively simple to operate and fast to construct, which greatly shortens the construction cycle compared with the traditional pile foundation anchoring method.

[0022] The construction process caused minimal damage to the surrounding geological environment, meeting current requirements for green construction and reducing the impact on the aquatic ecological environment. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the anchor block and the steel rod assembly;

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rock-embedded steel drill bit;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the stamping body;

[0028] Reference numerals: 1. Floating body on water; 2. Anchor block; 21. Base; 22. Guide block; 23. Hanging ring; 3. Steel rod assembly; 31. Stamped body; 32. Rock-embedded steel rod; 33. Lower limiting plate; 34. Upper limiting plate; 35. Sleeve; 36. Lower limiting structure; 361. Lower guide bar; 362. Lower abutment plate; 363. Lower locking position; 37. Upper limiting structure; 371. Upper guide bar; 372. Upper abutment plate; 373. Upper locking position; 4. Rope. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The embodiments of this utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] like Figures 1-5As shown, a rock-embedded gravity anchor suitable for complex underwater environments includes a floating body 1 and an anchor block 2 submerged in underwater rock strata. The anchor block 2 is provided with several steel chisel assemblies 3 to prevent lateral slippage. The bottom of each steel chisel assembly 3 passes through the anchor block 2 and inserts into the underwater rock strata. Each steel chisel assembly 3 consists of a stamping body 31 and two rock-embedded steel chisels 32 connected to both ends of the stamping body 31. The end of the stamping body 31 is provided with a sleeve 35 for fitting the top of the rock-embedded steel chisels 32. The lower part of the anchor block 2 is provided with a lower limiting plate 33 temporarily connected to the anchor block 2. The rock-embedded steel chisels 32 have a lower limiting structure 36 for engaging the lower limiting plate 33. The rock-embedded steel chisels 32 also have an upper limiting plate 34 to restrict the buoyancy of the anchor block 2. The steel chisel assembly 3 has an upper limiting structure 37 for engaging the upper limiting plate 34.

[0031] The floating body 1 floats on the water surface under its own buoyancy, while the anchor block 2 sinks to the bottom under its own weight and rests on the rock layer at the bottom. The steel rod assembly 3 passes through the anchor block 2 and is inserted into the rock layer at the bottom. After the steel rod assembly 3 penetrates into the rock layer, it achieves a tight connection with the rock layer at the bottom. At this time, the middle part of the steel rod assembly 3 abuts against the anchor block 2. Under the support of the middle part of the steel rod assembly 3, the lateral sliding of the anchor block 2 is limited and supported. At the same time, under the positioning effect of the steel rod assembly 3, the lateral limiting support strength between the middle part of the steel rod assembly 3 and the anchor block 2 is ensured.

[0032] The anchor block 2 includes a base 21 for increasing the contact area with the bottom rock layer and a guide block 22 for reducing the impact of water flow on the anchor block 2. A lifting ring 23 is pre-embedded on the top of the guide block 22, and several ropes 4 are provided on the lifting ring 23 for tightening the floating body 1.

[0033] The lifting ring 23 is used to lift the anchor block 2 and also to tighten the floating body 1. The number of ropes 4 is set according to the actual situation. Under the action of the ropes 4, since the length of the ropes 4 is fixed and the position of the anchor block 2 is fixed, the floating body 1 is limited within a certain range of movement, thus preventing the floating body 1 from drifting far away.

[0034] The base 21 and the guide block 22 are integral cast-in-place structures. The guide block 22 is a trapezoidal structure formed above the base 21. The base 21 and the guide block 22 are cast from the same steel cage. The base 21 is a cubic structure, and the bottom of the base 21 is in direct contact with the bottom rock layer. The guide block 22 is a trapezoidal structure. The guide block 22 is inclined inward from bottom to top. When the lateral water flow impacts the guide block 22, the water flow is tilted upward under the action of the guide block 22. This causes the base 21 and the guide block 22 to receive the decomposed downward pressure. While buffering the water flow, it also achieves stable downward pressure on the anchor block 2, ensuring the stability of the anchor block 2.

[0035] The sleeve 35 is pre-embedded at the bottom of the stamping body 31, and the sleeve 35 is a blind hole structure for realizing the top of the rock-embedded steel rod 32 abutting against the stamping body 31. The sleeve 35 and the rock-embedded steel rod 32 are clearance-fitted.

[0036] The stamping body 31 is a concrete structure. The stamping body 31 is equipped with a steel cage for casting the stamping body 31. The sleeve 35 is tied to the steel cage of the stamping body 31, so that the sleeve 35 is pre-embedded in the stamping body 31 during the casting process of the stamping body 31, and the fixed connection between the sleeve 35 and the stamping body 31 is achieved.

[0037] When the sleeve 35 is fitted onto the rock-embedded steel rod 32, the top of the rock-embedded steel rod 32 is fitted inside the sleeve 35, and the top of the rock-embedded steel rod 32 abuts against the stamping body 31, thereby limiting the height of the stamping body 31 on the rock-embedded steel rod 32 and ensuring that the stamping body 31 is installed on the top of the rock-embedded steel rod 32.

[0038] At the same time, when the two sleeves 35 at both ends of the stamping body 31 are simultaneously connected to the two corresponding rock-embedded steel rods 32, the horizontal degree of freedom of the stamping body 31 is restricted under the action of the two sleeves 35, and the downward degree of freedom of the stamping body 31 is restricted under the abutment action of the rock-embedded steel rods 32 and the stamping body 31. The stamping body 31 has only one degree of freedom: upward movement.

[0039] During use, the hammer head of the vibratory hammer clamps the stamping body 31, and the hammer head of the vibratory hammer clamps both the stamping body 31 and the sleeve 35. Under the impact of the vibratory hammer, the rock-embedded steel rod 32 is driven deep into the rock layer. After the vibratory hammer is used, the sleeve of the stamping body 31 on the rock-embedded steel rod 32 can be released by pulling it upward, thereby reducing the impact of water flow on the steel rod assembly 3.

[0040] An anchor block 2 has a through hole 24 for easy access of the rock-embedded steel rod 32. The size of the through hole 24 is larger than the radial size of the lower limiting structure 36. The lower limiting structure 36 needs to pass through the through hole 24.

[0041] The lower limiting plate 33 is connected by shear screws or brittle adhesives with calculated fracture thresholds to ensure that the lower limiting plate 33 breaks the temporary connection between the lower limiting plate 33 and the bottom of the anchor block 2 after receiving a certain pressure from the lower limiting structure 36, thereby transferring the lower limiting plate 33 to the lower limiting structure 36.

[0042] The lower limiting structure 36 includes a lower guide bar 361 and a lower abutment plate 362 located above the lower guide bar 361. A lower locking position 363 for clamping the lower limiting plate 33 is formed between the lower guide bar 361 and the lower abutment plate 362.

[0043] The lower guide bar 361 is a multi-piece structure surrounding the rock-embedded steel rod 32, and the lower guide bar 361 is a triangular piece structure with gradually increasing size from bottom to top. Specifically, the lower guide bar 361 can be a right-angled triangular piece structure, with the right angle of the lower guide bar 361 formed at the top of the lower guide bar 361. The inclined side of the lower guide bar 361 can provide guidance and support for the lower limiting plate 33.

[0044] The lower limiting plate 33 has a hollow structure, and the hollow dimension of the lower limiting plate 33 is smaller than the diameter dimension formed at the top of the lower guide strip 361 of the rock-embedded steel rod 32.

[0045] Under the vibration of the vibratory hammer, the rock-embedded steel rod 32 gradually moves downward, simultaneously driving the lower guide bar 361 and the lower abutment plate 362 to move downward. After the lower guide bar 361 moves to the lower limiting plate 33, it squeezes the middle of the lower limiting plate 33. Under the action of the squeezing force, the temporary connection between the lower limiting plate 33 and the anchor block 2 is disengaged. At this time, the lower limiting plate 33 is engaged in the lower engaging position 363 or the lower limiting plate 33 is in direct contact with the bottom rock layer. As the lower guide bar 361 continues to descend, the lower limiting plate 33 is engaged in the lower engaging position 363, increasing the contact area between the rock-embedded steel rod 32 and the bottom rock layer, ensuring the anchoring stability of the rock-embedded steel rod 32.

[0046] As the rock-embedded steel rod 32 penetrates into the underwater rock layer, it will cause the underwater rock layer to fracture. Therefore, the cracks can allow the lower limiting plate 33, the lower guide strip 361 and the lower abutment plate 362 to penetrate into the underwater rock layer. At the same time, under the action of water flow, the water flow will carry gravel or algae to fill the cracks after anchoring, thereby improving the anchoring stability of the rock-embedded steel rod 32.

[0047] The upper limiting structure 37 includes an upper guide bar 371 and an upper abutment plate 372 located below the upper guide bar 371. An upper snap-fit ​​position 373 for clamping the upper limiting plate 34 is formed between the upper guide bar 371 and the upper abutment plate 372. The upper limiting plate 34 is fixedly connected to the rock-embedded steel rod 32 by welding.

[0048] The upper limiting plate 34 is pre-clamped into the upper limiting structure 37 by extrusion or stamping. The upper limiting structure 37 is used to improve the structural strength of the upper limiting plate 34 on the rock-embedded steel rod 32. The upper limiting plate 34 is used to limit the anchor block 2 to prevent the anchor block 2 from detaching from the rock-embedded steel rod 32 through the top of the rock-embedded steel rod 32. During the vibration of the vibrating hammer, the upper limiting plate 34 is used to limit the anchor block 2 which is subjected to vertical vibration and lifting.

[0049] The lower limiting structure 36, the upper limiting structure 37, and the rock-embedded steel rod 32 are an integrated structure.

[0050] Meanwhile, the upper limiting plate 34 allows for direct observation of the depth of the rock-embedded steel rod 32, ensuring that the depth of the rock-embedded steel rod 32 and the engagement with the anchor block 2 are in the appropriate positions.

[0051] In actual use, firstly, based on the specific conditions of the inclined rock strata and the anchoring force required for the floating body 1, select rock-embedded steel rods 32 and anchor blocks 2 of appropriate length and specifications. Connect the vibratory hammer to the stamping body 31 at the top of the rock-embedded steel rod 1, start the vibratory hammer, and gradually insert the rock-embedded steel rod 32 into the inclined rock strata. During the insertion process, the upper limiting plate 34 will restrict the movement of the anchor block 2 to ensure the stability of the construction process. After the insertion is completed, the rock-embedded steel rod 1 penetrates deep into the rock strata and works together with the anchor block 2 to achieve stable anchoring of the floating body 1.

[0052] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention; therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0053] Although this document frequently uses reference numerals from the accompanying drawings, such as: floating body 1, anchor block 2, base 21, guide block 22, lifting ring 23, steel chisel assembly 3, stamping body 31, rock-embedded steel chisel 32, lower limiting plate 33, upper limiting plate 34, sleeve 35, lower limiting structure 36, lower guide bar 361, lower abutment plate 362, lower locking position 363, upper limiting structure 37, upper guide bar 371, upper abutment plate 372, upper locking position 373, rope 4, etc., the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. The use of these terms is merely for the convenience of describing and explaining the essence of this utility model; interpreting them as any additional limitation would contradict the spirit of this utility model.

Claims

1. A rock-embedded gravity anchor suitable for complex underwater environments, comprising a floating body (1) and an anchor block (2) submerged in underwater rock strata; characterized in that, The anchor block (2) is provided with several steel rod assemblies (3) for preventing the anchor block (2) from sliding laterally. The bottom of the steel rod assembly (3) passes through the anchor block (2) and is inserted into the bottom rock layer. The steel rod assembly (3) consists of a stamping body (31) and two rock-embedded steel rods (32) connected to both ends of the stamping body (31). The end of the stamping body (31) is provided with a sleeve (35) for fitting the top of the rock-embedded steel rod (32). The lower part of the anchor block (2) is provided with a lower limiting plate (33) temporarily connected to the anchor block (2). The rock-embedded steel rod (32) has a lower limiting structure (36) for engaging the lower limiting plate (33). The rock-embedded steel rod (32) is also provided with an upper limiting plate (34) for restricting the anchor block (2) from floating. The steel rod assembly (3) has an upper limiting structure (37) for engaging the upper limiting plate (34).

2. The rock-embedded gravity anchor suitable for complex underwater environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anchor block (2) includes a base (21) for increasing the contact area with the bottom rock layer and a guide block (22) for reducing the impact of water flow on the anchor block (2). A lifting ring (23) is pre-embedded on the top of the guide block (22), and several ropes (4) are provided on the lifting ring (23) for tightening the floating body (1) on the water.

3. A rock-embedded gravity anchor suitable for complex underwater environments according to claim 2, characterized in that, The base (21) and the guide block (22) are integral cast-in-place structures, and the guide block (22) is a trapezoidal structure formed above the base (21).

4. A rock-embedded gravity anchor suitable for complex underwater environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sleeve (35) is embedded in the bottom of the stamping body (31), and the sleeve (35) is a blind hole structure for realizing the connection between the top of the rock-embedded steel rod (32) and the stamping body (31).

5. A rock-embedded gravity anchor suitable for complex underwater environments according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sleeve (35) is clearance-fitted with the rock-embedded steel rod (32).

6. A rock-embedded gravity anchor suitable for complex underwater environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anchor block (2) has a through hole (24) for easy access of the rock-embedded steel rod (32), and the size of the through hole (24) is larger than the radial size of the lower limiting structure (36).

7. A rock-embedded gravity anchor suitable for complex underwater environments according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lower limiting structure (36) includes a lower guide bar (361) and a lower abutment plate (362) located above the lower guide bar (361), and a lower snap-fit ​​position (363) for clamping the lower limiting plate (33) is formed between the lower guide bar (361) and the lower abutment plate (362).

8. A rock-embedded gravity anchor suitable for complex underwater environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper limiting structure (37) includes an upper guide bar (371) and an upper abutment plate (372) located below the upper guide bar (371), and an upper snap-fit ​​position (373) for clamping the upper limiting plate (34) is formed between the upper guide bar (371) and the upper abutment plate (372).

9. A rock-embedded gravity anchor suitable for complex underwater environments according to claim 8, characterized in that, The upper limiting plate (34) is fixedly connected to the rock-embedded steel rod (32) by welding.

10. A rock-embedded gravity anchor suitable for complex underwater environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower limiting structure (36), the upper limiting structure (37), and the rock-embedded steel rod (32) are an integral structure.

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