Voltage acquisition circuit and satellite power supply system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a voltage acquisition circuit and a satellite power supply system, and the voltage acquisition circuit comprises a sampling control module and a partial voltage acquisition module. Wherein the sampling control module is connected with a bus in the power supply system and the voltage division acquisition module, and is used for controlling whether the voltage division acquisition module is communicated with the storage battery pack or not according to the output voltage of the bus; the partial voltage acquisition module is used for acquiring the partial voltage of the voltage of the storage battery pack according to a preset partial voltage proportion when the partial voltage acquisition module is connected with the storage battery pack, and calculating the voltage of the storage battery pack according to the acquired partial voltage and the partial voltage proportion. According to the voltage acquisition circuit and the satellite power supply system provided by the invention, the voltage of the storage battery pack can be acquired when the power supply system supplies power to the load.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power supply system technology, and in particular to a voltage acquisition circuit and a satellite power supply system. Background Technology

[0002] In the power supply field, batteries, as a crucial component of the power system, are responsible for providing safe, stable, and reliable power to various load devices to ensure their normal operation. Therefore, real-time monitoring of battery health is essential for ensuring the safe operation of electrical equipment. Most battery health monitoring systems typically assess battery health by monitoring battery voltage in real time.

[0003] For example, in the field of space engineering, the power systems used by commercial satellites, during periods of abundant solar power when the solar arrays generate sufficient energy, utilize the excess energy to charge the battery banks. This ensures that during periods of shadow, when the solar arrays generate insufficient energy, the battery banks can provide supplemental power to space equipment. To ensure the stable operation of space equipment, the voltage of the battery banks needs to be collected in real time while the satellite power system is supplying power to the load through the bus, in order to monitor the health status of the battery banks. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a voltage acquisition circuit and a satellite power system that can acquire the voltage of the battery pack while the power system is supplying power to the load.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives:

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a voltage acquisition circuit for acquiring the voltage of a battery pack in a power supply system. The voltage acquisition circuit includes a sampling control module and a voltage divider acquisition module; wherein...

[0007] The sampling control module is connected to the bus and voltage divider acquisition module in the power system. It is used to control whether the voltage divider acquisition module is connected to the battery pack according to the output voltage of the bus.

[0008] The voltage divider acquisition module is used to acquire the voltage division of the battery pack according to a preset voltage division ratio when connected to the battery pack, and to calculate the voltage of the battery pack based on the acquired voltage division and the voltage division ratio.

[0009] In one embodiment, the sampling control module includes voltage divider resistors and switching elements;

[0010] The voltage divider resistor is connected in series with the bus to divide the output voltage of the bus and generate a control voltage for controlling whether the switching elements are turned on.

[0011] The control terminal of the switching element is connected to the voltage divider resistor, the first path terminal of the switching element is connected to the battery pack, and the second path terminal of the switching element is connected to the voltage divider acquisition module. When the switching element is in the conducting state under the control of the control voltage, it is used to connect the voltage divider acquisition module and the battery pack in parallel to form a voltage divider acquisition circuit.

[0012] In one embodiment, the voltage divider acquisition module includes a voltage divider and a voltage acquisition unit;

[0013] The voltage divider includes multiple sampling resistors connected in series;

[0014] The two sampling terminals of the voltage acquisition unit are respectively connected to the two ends of one of the sampling resistors to acquire the voltage division of the battery pack according to the preset voltage division ratio.

[0015] In one embodiment, the switching element is a metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor.

[0016] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a satellite power system, including a battery pack and a voltage acquisition circuit as described in the above embodiments.

[0017] In one embodiment, the satellite power system further includes multiple solar cell arrays and a shunt regulation circuit connected to each solar cell array; wherein,

[0018] Solar arrays are used to provide operating current to loads via busbars and to provide charging current to battery banks;

[0019] The shunt regulation circuit is used to shunt excess electrical energy output by the solar array when the supply current of the solar array is greater than the sum of the operating current of the load and the charging current of the battery pack.

[0020] In one embodiment, the shunt regulation circuit includes a control unit and a power switching element; wherein,

[0021] The control unit is used to generate a shunt control voltage when the supply current of the solar array is greater than the sum of the operating current of the load and the charging current of the battery pack.

[0022] The control terminal of the power switching element is connected to the corresponding control unit, the first path terminal of the power switching element is connected to the output terminal of the corresponding solar cell array, and the second path terminal of the power switching element is grounded. When the power switching element is in the conducting state under the control of the shunt control voltage, it is used to shunt the excess electrical energy output by the solar cell array to the ground.

[0023] In one embodiment, the satellite power system further includes a battery pack discharge switch circuit, which is used to close when the supply current of the solar array is less than the operating current required by the load, so that the battery pack supplies power to the load through the bus.

[0024] In one embodiment, the satellite power system further includes a bus capacitor array for smoothing voltage fluctuations on the bus.

[0025] In one embodiment, the shunt regulation circuit further includes a circuit protection unit, which includes a fuse connected to a first pass terminal of the power switching element and an isolation diode connected to the bus.

[0026] The voltage acquisition circuit and satellite power system provided in this application embodiment control the voltage acquisition circuit's voltage divider acquisition module to connect to the battery pack based on the bus output voltage. When the voltage divider acquisition module is connected to the battery pack, it acquires the divided voltage of the battery pack according to a preset voltage division ratio, and calculates the battery pack voltage based on the acquired divided voltage and the voltage division ratio. This allows for real-time monitoring of the battery pack's health status while the power system is supplying power to the load. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the voltage acquisition circuit provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a satellite power system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0030] In the figure: voltage acquisition circuit 100, sampling control module 110, voltage divider resistor 111, switching element 112, voltage divider acquisition module 120, voltage divider 121, voltage acquisition unit 122;

[0031] Battery pack 210, solar cell array 220, shunt regulation circuit 230, battery pack discharge switch circuit 240, bus capacitor array 250, load 300. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0033] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, components, features, and elements with the same names in different embodiments of this application may have the same meaning or different meanings, the specific meaning of which must be determined by its interpretation in that specific embodiment or further in conjunction with the context of that specific embodiment.

[0034] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used herein to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this document, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the word "if," as used herein, can be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to determination." Furthermore, as used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to also include the plural forms unless the context indicates otherwise. It should be further understood that the terms "comprising," "including," indicate the presence of the stated feature, step, operation, element, component, item, kind, and / or group, but do not exclude the presence, occurrence, or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, items, kinds, and / or groups. The terms "or" and "and / or" as used herein are to be interpreted as inclusive, or mean any one or any combination thereof. Therefore, "A, B, or C" or "A, B, and / or C" means "any one of the following: A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; A, B, and C". Exceptions to this definition will only occur if the combination of elements, functions, steps, or operations is inherently mutually exclusive in some way.

[0035] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of this application's embodiments are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some of the steps in the figures may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and their execution order is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0036] It should be noted that step designations such as S101 and S102 are used in this document for the purpose of more clearly and concisely describing the corresponding content, and do not constitute a substantial limitation on the order. In specific implementation, those skilled in the art may execute S102 first and then S101, etc., but these should all be within the protection scope of this application.

[0037] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0038] In the following description, the use of suffixes such as "module," "part," or "unit" to denote elements is solely for the purpose of illustration and has no specific meaning in itself. Therefore, "module," "part," or "unit" may be used interchangeably.

[0039] In one application scenario, such as when a satellite power system supplies power to various loads in a spacecraft, there are generally the following operating modes: (1) Mode 1: The solar array is powered off and the battery pack discharge switch is off. At this time, the satellite power system does not provide power to the load, and the satellite is in a power-off state; (2) Mode 2: The battery pack discharge switch is off, and only the solar array is used to provide power to the load through the bus; (3) Mode 3: The battery pack discharge switch is on, the battery pack is connected to the bus, and together with the solar array, it provides power to the load; (4) Mode 4: The battery pack discharge switch is on, the solar array is powered off, and only the battery pack is used to provide power to the load. In the above operating modes 2, 3, and 4, the satellite is in a powered-on state, and the satellite power system provides a stable operating voltage to the load.

[0040] For the aforementioned application scenarios, traditional battery voltage acquisition generally employs two schemes. Scheme one involves directly connecting the voltage divider acquisition module in parallel with the battery bank. However, regardless of whether the satellite power system is supplying power to the load, the voltage divider acquisition circuit remains continuously conductive. Even if the battery bank does not need to discharge for the load, it will still continuously discharge through the acquisition voltage divider circuit. When the entire satellite is powered off for an extended period, this can easily lead to over-discharge of the battery bank, affecting its health. Scheme two involves installing a switching relay in the voltage divider acquisition circuit. This relay operates synchronously with the battery bank's discharge switch. When the discharge switch is activated, the relay closes simultaneously, allowing the voltage divider to acquire voltage. When the voltage acquisition circuit is connected, the voltage of the battery pack can be collected. When the discharge switch is disconnected, the switching relay is also disconnected, the voltage divider acquisition circuit is disconnected, and the collection of the battery pack voltage stops. Although this scheme can disconnect the voltage divider acquisition circuit when the entire satellite is powered off, avoiding over-discharge of the battery pack, the operating logic of the switching relay and the discharge switch is completely coupled. This means that when the satellite power system is in operating mode 2, although the satellite is powered on, the voltage of the battery pack cannot be collected because the discharge switch is not connected and the switching relay is in the open state. This is not conducive to real-time monitoring of the battery pack's health status when the satellite power system is supplying power to the load. Therefore, this application provides a voltage acquisition circuit that can collect the voltage of the battery pack while the power system is supplying power to the load, to solve the problem of over-discharge of the battery pack when the load is powered off, similar to the application scenario described in Scheme 1. It can also solve the problem in Scheme 2 where the voltage of the battery pack cannot be monitored in real time when other power modules, such as solar cell arrays, are used to provide power to the load.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a voltage acquisition circuit provided in one embodiment of this application. This voltage acquisition circuit can be applied to various power systems containing battery packs to acquire the voltage of the battery packs in the power system. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the voltage acquisition circuit provided in this embodiment includes a sampling control module 110 and a voltage divider acquisition module 120.

[0042] The sampling control module 110 is connected to the bus and voltage divider acquisition module 120 in the power system. It is used to control whether the voltage divider acquisition module 120 is connected to the battery pack according to the output voltage of the bus. When connected to the battery pack, the voltage divider acquisition module 120 is used to acquire the voltage of the battery pack according to the preset voltage division ratio, and calculate the voltage of the battery pack according to the acquired voltage division and the voltage division ratio.

[0043] Specifically, since the operating voltage of the voltage acquisition unit 122 is typically below 5V, while the voltage of the battery pack is generally higher, the voltage of the battery pack needs to be reduced before it can be detected by the voltage acquisition unit 122. Therefore, the voltage divider acquisition module 120 in this embodiment includes a voltage divider 121 and a voltage acquisition unit 122. In this embodiment, the voltage divider 121 is formed by multiple sampling resistors connected in series, and the voltage acquisition unit 122 has two sampling terminals, which are respectively connected to the two ends of one of the sampling resistors to acquire the voltage division of the battery pack according to a preset voltage division ratio.

[0044] For example, multiple sampling resistors R1, R2...Rn are connected in parallel between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery pack, and these resistors are connected in series to form a voltage divider to divide the high voltage of the battery pack. The voltage acquisition unit 122 detects the voltage of one of the sampling resistors R2. Based on Ohm's law and the calculation formula Vout=Vin*R2 / (R1+R2+...Rn), the voltage Vout of the battery pack can be reconstructed from the voltage division ratio of the sampling resistor R2, where Vin is the voltage division obtained by the voltage acquisition unit 122, i.e., the voltage division of resistor R2.

[0045] In this embodiment, the sampling control module 110 includes a voltage divider resistor 111 and a switching element 112. The voltage divider resistor 111 is connected in series with the bus to divide the output voltage of the bus, generating a control voltage to control whether the switching element 112 is turned on. The control terminal of the switching element 112 is connected to the voltage divider resistor 111, the first path terminal of the switching element 112 is connected to the battery pack, and the second path terminal of the switching element 112 is connected to the voltage divider acquisition module 120. When the switching element 112 is in a conducting state under the control of the control voltage, it enables the voltage divider acquisition circuit formed by the voltage divider acquisition module 120 and the battery pack to be in a conducting state. The switching element can be a metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor or other semiconductor devices that can be used to control the on / off state of current, such as a bipolar transistor.

[0046] For example, assuming the switching element is an N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor (N-MOS), the gate (G) of the N-MOS is connected to the bus output, the source (S) shares a ground with the negative electrode of the battery pack, and the drain (D) is connected to the sampling resistor Rn. The voltage divider resistors include a first voltage divider resistor Rgs1 and a second voltage divider resistor Rgs2. The first voltage divider resistor Rgs1 is connected to the bus, and the second voltage divider resistor Rgs2 is connected to the bus return line, which shares a ground with the negative electrode of the battery pack. During the power supply period, the first voltage divider resistor Rgs1 and the second voltage divider resistor Rgs2 divide the bus output voltage into a control voltage that can control the N-MOS to turn on, thereby closing the voltage divider acquisition circuit by turning on the N-MOS. Specifically, when the load is de-energized, there is no output from the bus, the gate voltage of the N-MOS is 0, Vgs = 0, which is lower than the threshold voltage Vth for N-MOS to turn on. Therefore, the N-MOS is in the off state, the voltage divider acquisition circuit is in the open state, and the battery pack is not discharging. When the power system supplies power to the load, there is an output voltage on the bus. After being divided by the first voltage divider resistor Rgs1 and the second voltage divider resistor Rgs2, a positive voltage is generated at the gate of the N-MOS, making Vgs greater than the threshold voltage Vth for the N-MOS to turn on. The N-MOS is in the on state, and the voltage divider acquisition circuit is in the closed state. The voltage divider acquisition module 120 can normally acquire the voltage of the battery pack.

[0047] In this embodiment, the on / off control of the voltage divider acquisition circuit is achieved through a switching element. Since the switching state of the switching element is only controlled by the bus output voltage connected to the control terminal, the on / off state of the voltage divider acquisition circuit is synchronously coupled with the state of the bus output. This decouples the voltage acquisition function of the battery pack from the state of the discharge switch. That is, whether the discharge switch is closed or open, it does not affect the normal operation of the voltage acquisition function. Moreover, the voltage divider acquisition circuit only works when the power system supplies power to the load, that is, when the bus has power output. This can avoid the problem of over-discharge of the battery pack during the load power outage.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a satellite power system provided in one embodiment of this application. Figure 2 As shown, the satellite power system provided in this embodiment includes, in addition to the voltage acquisition circuit 100 and battery pack 210 described in the above embodiment, multiple solar cell arrays 220, a shunt regulation circuit 230 corresponding to each solar cell array, a battery pack discharge switch circuit 240, and a bus capacitor array 250.

[0049] The solar cell array 220 is used to provide operating current to the load 300 and charging current to the battery pack 210 through the busbar; the shunt regulation circuit 230 is used to shunt excess electrical energy output by the solar cell array 220 when the supply current of the solar cell array 220 is greater than the sum of the operating current of the load 300 and the charging current of the battery pack 210.

[0050] In this embodiment, the shunt regulation circuit 230 includes a power switching element Mn and a control unit. The control terminal of the power switching element Mn is connected to the corresponding control unit, the first path terminal of the power switching element Mn is connected to the output terminal of the corresponding solar cell array, and the second path terminal of the power switching element Mn is grounded. The control unit generates a shunt control voltage when the supply current of the solar cell array 220 is greater than the sum of the operating current of the load 300 and the charging current of the battery pack 210. When the power switching element Mn is in the conducting state under the control of the shunt control voltage, it is used to shunt excess electrical energy output by the solar cell array 220 to ground. The battery pack discharge switch circuit 240 closes when the supply current of the solar cell array 220 is less than the operating current required by the load 300, allowing the battery pack 210 to supply power to the load 300 through the bus. The battery pack discharge switch circuit 240 includes a discharge switch K1 connected to the battery pack 210 and a protection diode V1 connected in parallel with the discharge switch K1.

[0051] Specifically, during periods of sunshine, the solar array generates sufficient electrical energy. The supply current of the solar array is generally greater than the sum of the bus load current and the battery charging current. At this time, the control unit generates a shunt control voltage to turn on the corresponding power switching elements (such as MOSFETs), diverting the excess energy generated by the solar array. When the supply current of the solar array is greater than the bus load current but less than the sum of the bus load current and the battery charging current, the control unit turns off the power switching elements, and all the energy generated by the solar array is used for powering the bus load and charging the batteries. During periods of shadow, when the solar array cannot provide energy, the discharge switch in the battery discharge circuit is closed, allowing the battery to supply power to the load through the bus.

[0052] In this embodiment, the shunt regulation circuit 230 further includes a circuit protection unit. The circuit protection unit includes a fuse Fn connected to the first path terminal of the power switching element Mn to prevent excessive current in the shunt branch from damaging the power switching element Mn. The circuit protection unit also includes isolation diodes VA and VB connected to the busbar to prevent reverse current flow in the busbar and protect the circuit from reverse voltage.

[0053] In this embodiment, the satellite power system also includes a bus capacitor array 250, which is used to smooth voltage fluctuations on the bus, provide a stable operating voltage for the load 300, and maintain the stable operation of the spacecraft.

[0054] In summary, the voltage acquisition circuit and satellite power system provided in this application embodiment can acquire the voltage of the battery pack while the power system is supplying power to the load, regardless of whether the battery pack is required to provide power to the load. During the period when the load is powered off, the voltage divider acquisition circuit of the battery pack is disconnected, thereby avoiding excessive discharge of the battery pack and affecting the health of the battery pack.

[0055] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0056] In this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, which includes not only the elements listed but also other elements not expressly listed.

[0057] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A voltage acquisition circuit, characterized by, The circuit used to acquire the voltage of the battery pack in the power system includes a sampling control module and a voltage divider acquisition module; wherein... The sampling control module is connected to the bus in the power system and the voltage divider acquisition module, and is used to control whether the voltage divider acquisition module is connected to the battery pack according to the output voltage of the bus. The voltage divider acquisition module is used to acquire the voltage of the battery pack according to a preset voltage division ratio when connected to the battery pack, and to calculate the voltage of the battery pack based on the acquired voltage division ratio.

2. The voltage harvesting circuit of claim 1, wherein, The sampling control module includes voltage divider resistors and switching elements; The voltage divider resistor is connected in series with the bus to divide the output voltage of the bus and generate a control voltage for controlling whether the switching element is turned on. The control terminal of the switching element is connected to the voltage divider resistor, the first path terminal of the switching element is connected to the battery pack, and the second path terminal of the switching element is connected to the voltage divider acquisition module. When the switching element is in the conducting state under the control of the control voltage, it is used to enable the voltage divider acquisition module and the battery pack to be connected in parallel to form a voltage divider acquisition circuit.

3. The voltage harvesting circuit of claim 1, wherein, The voltage divider acquisition module includes a voltage divider and a voltage acquisition unit; The voltage divider includes multiple sampling resistors connected in series; The two sampling terminals of the voltage acquisition unit are respectively connected to the two ends of one of the sampling resistors to acquire the voltage division of the battery pack according to a preset voltage division ratio.

4. The voltage harvesting circuit of claim 2, wherein, The switching element is a metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor.

5. A satellite power system, characterized by, It includes a battery pack and a voltage acquisition circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The satellite power system of claim 5, wherein, It also includes multiple solar cell arrays, and a shunt regulation circuit connected to each solar cell array; wherein, The solar array is used to provide operating current to the load through the bus and to provide charging current to the battery pack. The current shunt adjustment circuit is used to shunt excess electrical energy output by the solar cell array when the supply current of the solar cell array is greater than the sum of the operating current of the load and the charging current of the battery pack.

7. The satellite power system of claim 6, wherein, The current regulation circuit includes a control unit and a power switching element; wherein... The control unit is used to generate a shunt control voltage when the power supply current of the solar array is greater than the sum of the operating current of the load and the charging current of the battery pack. The control terminal of the power switch element is connected to the corresponding control unit, the first path terminal of the power switch element is connected to the output terminal of the corresponding solar cell array, the second path terminal of the power switch element is grounded, and when the power switch element is in the conducting state under the control of the shunt control voltage, it is used to shunt the excess electrical energy output by the solar cell array to the ground.

8. The satellite power system of claim 6, wherein, It also includes a battery pack discharge switch circuit, which is used to close when the power supply current of the solar cell array is less than the operating current required by the load, so that the battery pack supplies power to the load through the bus.

9. A satellite power system according to claim 6 or 8, characterised in that, It also includes a bus capacitor array, which is used to smooth voltage fluctuations on the bus.

10. The satellite power system of claim 7, wherein, The shunt regulation circuit further includes a circuit protection unit, which includes a fuse connected to the first path terminal of the power switching element and an isolation diode connected to the bus.

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