Battery explosion-proof steel shell and battery
By designing a linear, weak connection section in the battery's explosion-proof steel casing, the problem of slow pressure release in traditional lithium batteries is solved, resulting in a safer battery design and reducing the risk of explosion.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HCB BATTERY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-24
AI Technical Summary
The pressure relief port design of traditional explosion-proof steel casings for lithium batteries results in slow pressure relief, posing an explosion risk and insufficient safety.
A battery explosion-proof steel shell is designed by forming a linear weak connection between the shell sidewall and the shell bottom, which is formed by stamping. The thickness of the weak connection is less than 15-25% of the shell thickness, so as to release pressure in time under high pressure.
It enables timely pressure relief of the battery under abnormal conditions, reduces the risk of explosion, and improves safety performance.
Smart Images
Figure CN224164276U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to an explosion-proof steel shell for a battery and a battery. Background Technology
[0002] Lithium-thionyl chloride (LiTH) batteries use metallic lithium as their negative electrode. Lithium is chemically reactive, and during manufacturing, transportation, and use, abnormal conditions such as overcharging, over-discharging, or external short circuits can cause a rapid increase in internal pressure, posing a significant risk of explosion and damage to equipment and personnel. Traditional explosion-proof steel casings for LiTH batteries use bottom-grooved pressure relief grooves. These grooves are rectangular, and the short pressure relief openings result in slow pressure release, still posing a considerable risk of explosion.
[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design an explosion-proof steel casing for batteries and batteries to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content
[0004] One objective of this invention is to provide a battery explosion-proof steel shell that allows for more timely pressure relief and better explosion-proof performance.
[0005] Another objective of this invention is to provide a battery that is less prone to explosion in the event of an abnormal situation, thus offering better safety performance.
[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0007] A battery explosion-proof steel shell includes a shell sidewall and a shell bottom, wherein the shell sidewall is hollow and the shell bottom is sealed to one end of the shell sidewall, and the shell bottom includes:
[0008] The outer periphery is connected to one end of the aforementioned shell sidewall;
[0009] The protrusion protrudes from the side of the body facing the side wall of the housing in a direction away from the side wall of the housing, forming a recess. The position where the protrusion connects to the body forms a weak connection. The thickness of the weak connection is less than the thickness of the body and is linearly arranged.
[0010] As an alternative, the aforementioned body and the aforementioned protrusion are formed by a stamping process.
[0011] As an alternative, the material thickness of the aforementioned body and the aforementioned protrusion is T1, and the wall thickness of the aforementioned weak connection is T2, with 15% ≤ T2 / T1 ≤ 25%.
[0012] As an alternative, T2 / T1 = 20%.
[0013] As an alternative, T1 = 0.5 mm and T2 = 0.1 mm.
[0014] As an alternative, the aforementioned shell sidewalls and the aforementioned body are formed by a stamping process.
[0015] As an alternative, the material thickness of the aforementioned body and the aforementioned protrusion is T1, and the material thickness of the aforementioned shell sidewall is T3, where T3 < T1.
[0016] As an optional option, the material of the aforementioned shell sidewalls and the aforementioned shell bottom is SUS304 stainless steel.
[0017] As an alternative, the aforementioned weak connection portion is ring-shaped.
[0018] The battery includes the aforementioned explosion-proof steel casing and the battery cell, wherein the battery cell is housed within the aforementioned explosion-proof steel casing.
[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0020] This utility model provides a battery explosion-proof steel shell. By forming a thin, weak connection between the main body and the protrusion through relative misalignment, the weak connection is linear. When the internal pressure of the battery explosion-proof steel shell increases, the area of pressure acting on the weak connection is small, resulting in a larger pressure. It is understood that in the prior art, the pressure is applied in a planar manner by etching on the bottom of the shell, resulting in a smaller pressure. Under the same pressure conditions, the battery explosion-proof steel shell of this solution is more likely to crack from the weak connection under greater pressure to release pressure, thereby more effectively and promptly preventing the steel shell from exploding.
[0021] This utility model also provides a battery, including the aforementioned explosion-proof steel casing and a battery cell, with the battery cell housed within the explosion-proof steel casing. By employing the aforementioned explosion-proof steel casing, the battery is less prone to explosion in the event of an abnormal situation, thus exhibiting better safety performance. Attached Figure Description
[0022] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the battery explosion-proof steel shell provided in this embodiment of the utility model;
[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;
[0024] Figure 3 This is a top view of the battery explosion-proof steel shell provided in this embodiment of the utility model.
[0025] In the picture:
[0026] 10. Shell sidewall; 20. Shell bottom; 21. Body; 22. Protrusion; 23. Weak connection. Detailed Implementation
[0027] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, not the entire structure.
[0028] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0029] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0030] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and have no special meaning.
[0031] This embodiment provides a battery explosion-proof steel casing, which allows for more timely pressure relief and better explosion-proof performance. For example... Figures 1-3 As shown, the battery explosion-proof steel shell includes a shell sidewall 10 and a shell bottom 20. The shell sidewall 10 is hollow and the shell bottom 20 is sealed to one end of the shell sidewall 10. The shell bottom 20 includes a body 21 and a protrusion 22. The outer periphery of the body 21 is connected to one end of the shell sidewall 10. The protrusion 22 protrudes from the body 21 in a direction away from the shell sidewall 10, so as to form a recess on the side of the shell bottom 20 facing the shell sidewall 10. A weak connection 23 is formed at the position where the protrusion 22 connects to the body 21. The weak connection 23 is linearly arranged.
[0032] The aforementioned battery explosion-proof steel shell, through the relative misalignment between the main body 21 and the protrusion 22, forms a thin, weak connection 23 connecting the two. This weak connection 23 is linear. When the internal pressure of the battery explosion-proof steel shell increases, the area of pressure acting on the weak connection 23 is small, resulting in higher pressure. It is understandable that in existing technologies where pressure is applied to the bottom 20 of the shell in a planar manner, the pressure is lower. Under the same pressure conditions, the battery explosion-proof steel shell of this design is more likely to crack and release pressure from the weak connection 23 under greater pressure, thus more effectively and promptly preventing the steel shell from exploding.
[0033] Optionally, the body 21 and the protrusion 22 are formed by a stamping process. Therefore, the material thickness of the body 21 and the protrusion 22 is consistent. Under the action of the die head of the stamping mold, the protrusion 22 is formed. Furthermore, when the die head enters the die cavity, the protrusion height of the protrusion 22 is determined by the depth of the die head's entry, and the thickness of the weak connection 23 is determined by the gap between the die head and the groove. That is, the two are essentially equal, making it easier to control the thickness of the weak connection 23. It can be understood that after the body 21 and the protrusion 22 are formed by a stamping process, due to the existence of the gap between the die head and the die cavity, the connection position between them naturally forms a linear weak connection 23, and the material thickness of the weak connection 23 is significantly smaller than the material thickness of the body 21 and the protrusion 22. If the material thickness of the weak connection 23 is to be changed, the gap between the die head and the groove can be altered.
[0034] Optionally, such as Figure 2 As shown, the material thickness of the body 21 and the protrusion 22 is T1, and the wall thickness of the weak connection 23 is T2, with 15% ≤ T2 / T1 ≤ 25%. Setting the ratio of the two within this range can ensure both the basic strength of the shell bottom 20 and the timely pressure relief effect of the weak connection 23.
[0035] Preferably, T2 / T1 = 20%. Of course, in other embodiments, this ratio can also be 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 21%, 22%, 23%, or 24%, and is not limited here.
[0036] In this embodiment, T1 = 0.5 mm and T2 = 0.1 mm. Under these dimensional conditions, the thickness of the bottom shell 20 is moderate, ensuring strength without making the overall weight of the battery too heavy.
[0037] Optionally, the housing sidewall 10 and the body 21 are formed by a stamping process. That is, the housing sidewall 10 and the housing bottom 20 are first stamped. During this process, the housing sidewall 10 is stretched due to its relatively long length. The stretching is sufficient. Then, the housing bottom 20 is stamped a second time to form the protrusion 22. The battery explosion-proof steel housing is obtained after two stamping processes.
[0038] Optionally, such as Figure 2 As shown, the thickness of the body 21 and the protrusion 22 is T1, and the thickness of the shell sidewall 10 is T3, where T3 < T1. This means that the shell sidewall 10, after one stamping, is thinner than the original sheet metal, allowing for sufficient sheet metal drawing, reducing springback, and improving the rigidity and stability of the formed part. In this embodiment, T3 is 0.3 mm.
[0039] Optionally, in this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, the weak connection 23 is annular. In other embodiments, the weak connection 23 can also be square, so that stress concentration points can be formed at the corners of the square, where stress is more likely to accumulate and fail and depressurize first under the action of air pressure.
[0040] Optionally, the sidewalls 10 and bottom 20 of the casing are both made of SUS304 stainless steel. Using this material can extend the service life of the battery explosion-proof steel casing, and its ductility is relatively good, able to withstand the deformation caused by two stampings, and will not crack during the manufacturing process.
[0041] Table 1
[0042]
[0043] Table 1 provides three sets of samples. Batteries were made using the explosion-proof steel shell of this embodiment and a conventional explosion-proof steel shell with a single engraving. The positive and negative terminals of the battery were connected by copper wires with a resistance of <0.1Ω. The batteries were short-circuited externally in the explosion-proof box. It can be seen that the steel shell in this embodiment has a better venting effect, while the traditional explosion-proof steel shell has a high probability of not cracking in time, leading to an explosion.
[0044] This embodiment also provides a battery, including the aforementioned explosion-proof steel casing and a battery cell, with the battery cell housed within the explosion-proof steel casing. By employing the aforementioned explosion-proof steel casing, the battery is less prone to explosion in the event of an abnormal situation, thus exhibiting better safety performance.
[0045] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the protection scope of this utility model. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.
Claims
1. A battery explosion-proof steel casing, characterized in that, Includes a shell sidewall (10) and a shell bottom (20), wherein the shell sidewall (10) is hollow and the shell bottom (20) is sealed to one end of the shell sidewall (10), and the shell bottom (20) includes: The outer periphery of the body (21) is connected to one end of the side wall (10) of the shell; A protrusion (22) protrudes from the body (21) in a direction away from the sidewall (10) of the housing, forming a recess on the side of the bottom (20) of the housing facing the sidewall (10). A weak connection (23) is formed at the position where the protrusion (22) connects to the body (21). The thickness of the weak connection (23) is less than the thickness of the body (21) and is linearly arranged.
2. The battery explosion-proof steel shell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The body (21) and the protrusion (22) are formed by stamping.
3. The battery explosion-proof steel shell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the body (21) and the protrusion (22) is T1, and the wall thickness of the weak connection part (23) is T2, 15% ≤ T2 / T1 ≤ 25%.
4. The battery explosion-proof steel shell according to claim 3, characterized in that, T2 / T1 = 20%.
5. The battery explosion-proof steel shell according to claim 4, characterized in that, T1 = 0.5 mm, T2 = 0.1 mm.
6. The battery explosion-proof steel shell according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The shell sidewall (10) and the body (21) are formed by stamping.
7. The battery explosion-proof steel casing according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The thickness of the body (21) and the protrusion (22) is T1, and the thickness of the shell sidewall (10) is T3, where T3 < T1.
8. The battery explosion-proof steel shell according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The shell sidewall (10) and the shell bottom (20) are both made of SUS304 stainless steel.
9. The battery explosion-proof steel casing according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The weak connection (23) is annular.
10. A battery, characterized in that, The battery includes the explosion-proof steel shell and the battery cell as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the battery cell is housed within the explosion-proof steel shell.