Anti-seepage and anti-collapse structure of slope bank

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anti-seepage and anti-slope-collapse structure of a slope bank. The anti-seepage and anti-slope-collapse structure comprises an anti-seepage clay layer, a GCL geosynthetic clay liner, an HDPE geomembrane and a non-woven fabric, the anti-seepage clay layer, the GCL geosynthetic clay liner, the HDPE geomembrane and the non-woven fabric are sequentially laid on the slope bank base layer from bottom to top. An anchoring assembly is arranged on the non-woven fabric; the anchoring assembly is used for anchoring connection between the HDPE geomembrane and the non-woven fabric, and meanwhile cooperation between the non-woven fabric and the backfill soil is enhanced. According to the anti-seepage and anti-collapse structure for the slope bank, the problem that the contact surface of the non-woven fabric and the HDPE geomembrane is prone to sliding is solved, the anti-seepage and anti-collapse structure for the slope bank is more stable, the anti-sliding and anti-collapse capacity of the slope bank or the area scoured by water power is improved, and the long-term stability of the slope bank structure is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of construction technology of building and municipal waterproofing structure, specifically relating to a slope anti-seepage and anti-collapse structure. Background Technology

[0002] In modern urban landscape construction, artificial lakes, as an important component, not only beautify the environment and regulate the local climate, but also play a crucial role in urban flood control and water resource utilization. However, the problem of lake water infiltration has always been a difficult challenge for the engineering community after the construction of artificial lakes. Improper handling can lead to a series of adverse consequences, such as water loss, rising groundwater levels in the surrounding area, and geological disasters. Therefore, effective seepage prevention treatment of the lake bottom and banks has become a core aspect of artificial lake construction.

[0003] Currently, conventional methods for preventing seepage in artificial lakes employ a composite structure: compacted subsoil + layered backfill with a certain thickness of compacted clay + GCL bentonite waterproofing blanket + HDPE geomembrane + non-woven fabric + a certain thickness of backfill soil. In areas with gentle slopes at the lake bottom and along the banks, this structure exhibits good seepage prevention performance and stability. However, when applied to areas with steeper slopes or subjected to water erosion, this conventional seepage prevention structure reveals significant shortcomings. While the HDPE geomembrane boasts excellent waterproofing performance, its smooth surface lacks effective anchoring connections between the non-woven fabric and the HDPE geomembrane, and between the non-woven fabric and the backfill soil. On steeper slopes, gravity can cause the non-woven fabric and backfill soil to slide downwards, and water erosion further exacerbates this instability. Once this occurs, slope collapse can easily occur. Slope collapse directly damages the non-woven fabric, exposing the HDPE geomembrane. Once the HDPE geomembrane is exposed, it is not only susceptible to damage from external physical factors, such as scratches from sharp objects, but also ages rapidly under the long-term effects of the natural environment, thus losing its seepage prevention function and ultimately causing lake water to seep into the water. Repairing these problems requires a significant amount of manpower, material resources, and financial resources, resulting in high maintenance costs. Furthermore, during the repair process, the artificial lake may need to be temporarily shut down, causing considerable impact on the surrounding landscape and functionality.

[0004] In summary, existing artificial lake seepage prevention technologies have many shortcomings when dealing with complex working conditions. It is necessary to improve these technologies and take effective measures to strengthen the connection between non-woven fabric and HDPE geomembrane, and between non-woven fabric and backfill soil, so as to make them more reliable, efficient and adaptable, in order to meet the growing demand for artificial lake construction and ensure the long-term stable operation of artificial lakes and the safety of the surrounding environment. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a slope protection and anti-collapse structure that addresses the aforementioned shortcomings. It solves the problem of easy slippage at the contact surface between non-woven fabric and HDPE geomembrane, making the slope protection and anti-collapse structure more stable, improving the anti-slip and anti-collapse capabilities of slopes or areas subjected to water erosion, and ensuring the long-term stability of the slope structure. To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A slope protection and collapse prevention structure includes an impermeable clay layer, a GCL bentonite waterproof blanket, an HDPE geomembrane, and a non-woven fabric; the impermeable clay layer, GCL bentonite waterproof blanket, HDPE geomembrane, and non-woven fabric are laid sequentially from bottom to top on the slope base layer; the non-woven fabric is provided with anchoring components; the anchoring components are used for anchoring the HDPE geomembrane and the non-woven fabric, and at the same time strengthen the cooperation between the non-woven fabric and the backfill soil.

[0007] Furthermore, the anchoring assembly includes geocells and anchors; geocells are provided on the nonwoven fabric; the geocells are fixed to the HDPE geomembrane by the anchors passing through the nonwoven fabric.

[0008] Furthermore, the geocell has a grid size of 20cm×20cm to 50cm×50cm, and is made of high-density polyethylene.

[0009] Furthermore, the anchor includes an anchor plate, an anchor ring, and an anchor nail; the HDPE geomembrane is provided with an anchor plate; the geocell is provided with an anchor ring; the anchor nail passes through the anchor ring and the non-woven fabric in sequence and is inserted into the anchor plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the anchoring plate is bonded to the HDPE geomembrane using epoxy resin.

[0011] Furthermore, the diameter of the anchor plate is 10-15 cm and the thickness is 3-5 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a backfill soil layer; the geocell is provided with a backfill soil layer; the thickness of the backfill soil layer is greater than 30cm.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0014] This utility model discloses a slope protection and anti-collapse structure, comprising an impermeable clay layer, a GCL bentonite waterproof blanket, an HDPE geomembrane, and a non-woven fabric. The impermeable clay layer, GCL bentonite waterproof blanket, HDPE geomembrane, and non-woven fabric are laid sequentially from bottom to top on the slope base layer. Anchoring components are provided on the non-woven fabric. These anchoring components are used for anchoring the HDPE geomembrane and the non-woven fabric, while also strengthening the fit between the non-woven fabric and the backfill soil. This utility model's slope protection and anti-collapse structure solves the problem of easy slippage at the contact surface between the non-woven fabric and the HDPE geomembrane, making the slope protection and anti-collapse structure more stable, improving the anti-slip and anti-collapse capabilities of the slope or water-eroded areas, and ensuring the long-term stability of the slope structure. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anchoring component of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anchor of this utility model;

[0018] In the attached diagram: 1-Imperible clay layer, 2-GCL bentonite waterproof blanket, 3-HDPE geomembrane, 4-Non-woven fabric, 5-Backfill soil layer, 6-Geocell, 7-Anchor, 71-Anchor plate, 72-Anchor ring, 73-Anchor nail, 8-Anchor trench, 9-Slope base layer. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0020] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “described” as used herein may also mean including the plural forms. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and “having” are inclusive and therefore indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not construed as requiring them to be performed in a particular order described or illustrated unless the order of performance is explicitly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0021] Although terms such as first, second, third, etc., may be used in this document to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or segment from another. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms used herein do not imply order or sequence. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer, or segment discussed below may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or segment without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments.

[0022] For ease of description, spatial relative terms may be used in the text to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to another element or feature, as shown in the figure. These relative terms include, for example, "inside," "outside," "middle," "outer," "below," "below," "above," "over," etc. The meaning of such spatial relative terms includes different orientations of the device in use or operation, in addition to the orientation depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, then an element described as "below other elements or features" or "below other elements or features" will subsequently be oriented "above other elements or features" or "above other elements or features." Therefore, the example term "below" can include both upper and lower orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions), and the spatial relative descriptors used in the text will be interpreted accordingly.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] See attached Figures 1-3A slope protection and collapse prevention structure includes an impermeable clay layer 1, a GCL bentonite waterproof blanket 2, an HDPE geomembrane 3, a non-woven fabric 4, and a backfill soil layer 5. The impermeable clay layer 1, GCL bentonite waterproof blanket 2, HDPE geomembrane 3, and non-woven fabric 4 are laid sequentially from bottom to top on the slope base layer 9. The compacted soil and layered backfill clay can initially block the infiltration path of lake water. The dense colloid formed after the GCL bentonite waterproof blanket 2 expands upon contact with water further enhances the impermeability. The HDPE geomembrane, with its excellent waterproof performance… As a key barrier against seepage, the non-woven fabric 4 protects the HDPE geomembrane and evenly distributes stress. After the non-woven fabric 4 is laid, anchoring components are installed on it to secure it to the HDPE geomembrane 3. Following the installation of the anchoring components, a backfill layer 5 is laid, typically greater than 30cm thick. This backfill provides a stable support structure for the entire seepage prevention system. The anchoring components also enhance the connection between the non-woven fabric 4 and the backfill. This utility model's slope protection and anti-collapse structure solves the problem of easy slippage at the contact surface between the non-woven fabric 4 and the HDPE geomembrane 3, making the slope protection and anti-collapse structure more stable, improving the anti-slip and anti-collapse capabilities of slopes or areas subjected to water erosion, and ensuring the long-term stability of the slope structure.

[0025] Specifically, the anchoring components include geocells 6 and anchors 7. Geocells 6 are a three-dimensional mesh structure formed by high-strength welding of reinforced high-density polyethylene material, typically using ultrasonic needle welding. Geocells 6 are flexible, collapsible for transport, and can be stretched into a mesh during construction. They can be filled with loose materials such as soil, gravel, and concrete to form a structure with strong lateral confinement and high rigidity. The material is lightweight, wear-resistant, chemically stable, resistant to photo-oxidative aging, and acid and alkali resistant, making it suitable for various soil conditions, including deserts. It provides high lateral confinement and anti-slip properties, prevents deformation, and effectively enhances the bearing capacity of the roadbed and distributes loads. Changing the height, welding spacing, and other geometric dimensions of geocells 6 can meet different engineering needs. They are flexible, have a small transport volume, are easy to connect, and allow for fast construction. In this invention, the geocell 6 has a grid size of 20cm×20cm~50cm×50cm, is set on the nonwoven fabric 4, and is fixed to the HDPE geomembrane 3 by the anchor 7 passing through the nonwoven fabric 4.

[0026] Specifically, the anchor 7 includes an anchor plate 71, an anchor ring 72, and an anchor nail 73, all made of plastic. The anchor plate 71 has a diameter of 10-15 cm and a thickness of 3-5 mm. After uniformly coating the back of the anchor plate 71 with epoxy resin adhesive, it is adhered to the HDPE geomembrane 3. This avoids damaging the HDPE geomembrane 3, ensuring its anti-seepage function. An anchor ring 72 is fixedly installed on the geocell 6. The anchor plate 71 and anchor ring 72 have openings corresponding to the size of the anchor nail 73. Finally, the anchor nail 73 passes through the anchor ring 72 and the non-woven fabric 4 in sequence and is inserted into the anchor plate 71, connecting and fixing the anchor ring 72 and the anchor plate 71. This invention strengthens the connection between the non-woven fabric 4 and the HDPE geomembrane 3 without damaging the HDPE geomembrane 3, solving the problem of easy slippage at the contact surface between the non-woven fabric 4 and the HDPE geomembrane 3.

[0027] Example 2

[0028] Construction method and steps for this utility model of slope anti-seepage and anti-collapse structure:

[0029] Step 1: Leveling and compacting the slope base layer. Before construction, level and compact the slope base layer 9 to ensure that there are no obvious undulations and that the compaction standards meet the requirements.

[0030] Step 2: Backfill with impermeable clay layer. After leveling and compacting the slope base layer 9, backfill with impermeable clay layer 1, generally 30cm thick, in one go. Then compact it with a road roller. After compaction, check the flatness and compaction degree to ensure that there are no obvious protrusions on the surface and that the compaction degree meets the design requirements.

[0031] Step 3: Excavate the anchoring trench. Excavate anchoring trench 8 at the top of the slope, and its excavation depth and width should meet the design requirements.

[0032] Step 4: Lay the GCL bentonite waterproofing blanket. After the anchoring trench 8 is excavated, lay the GCL bentonite waterproofing blanket 2. The top of the waterproofing blanket needs to extend into the anchoring trench 8 and be anchored with steel nails. The GCL bentonite waterproofing blanket 2 should be laid flat, with a certain overlap width between adjacent waterproofing blankets. Within the overlap width, evenly spread a layer of GCL bentonite on the lower layer of GCL bentonite waterproofing blanket 2 before covering it with the upper layer of waterproofing blanket. The overlap seams between four adjacent GCL bentonite waterproofing blankets 2 should not form a cross-shaped continuous seam.

[0033] Step 5: Laying the HDPE geomembrane. After the waterproofing blanket is completed, the HDPE geomembrane 3 should be laid as soon as possible to prevent it from being soaked by rainwater. The HDPE geomembrane 3 is generally laid manually from the top of the bank downwards. Before laying, plan the single-laying range and area to avoid too many welds or excessive welding volume. The top of the HDPE geomembrane 3 needs to extend into the anchoring trench 8 and be anchored with steel nails. For the overlap of adjacent HDPE geomembrane 3, reserve a weld overlap width + 5-10cm of redundancy. Welding of the HDPE geomembrane 3 is performed in one pass using a geomembrane welding machine, according to design requirements. The welding preheating temperature and welding speed depend on the specific welding machine's technical requirements. The welds between four adjacent HDPE geomembrane 3 pieces should not form a cross-shaped continuous seam. After welding, check the weld quality; any defects must be addressed promptly. After each HDPE geomembrane 3 laying is completed, check for any damage. Repair any damaged areas using HDPE geomembrane 3 blocks.

[0034] Step 4: Laying the non-woven fabric. After the HDPE geomembrane 3 is laid, lay the non-woven fabric 4. The top of the non-woven fabric 4 needs to extend into the anchoring trench 8 and be anchored with steel nails. After the non-woven fabric 4 is anchored, backfill the anchoring trench 8 with qualified soil and compact it. Overlap the adjacent non-woven fabrics 4 with an overlap width of about 10cm.

[0035] Step 5: Install geocells. After the non-woven fabric 4 is laid, install the geocells 6. Before installing geocells 6, first lay them out from the top of the bank to the bottom, and temporarily fix them after they are fully extended. Make small and precise holes in the non-woven fabric 4 corresponding to the anchor points of geocells 6. Apply epoxy resin adhesive evenly to the back of the plastic anchor plate 71 and then stick it to the HDPE geomembrane 3. After the adhesive has cured, use plastic anchor nails 73 to connect and fix the anchor rings 72 of geocells 6 to the anchor plate 71. The anchoring connection should first anchor the top row of anchor points, then anchor the other anchor points at intervals, and finally anchor the remaining anchor points to avoid the failure of temporary anchoring measures and deformation and displacement of the geocell 6 window panes.

[0036] Step 6: Laying the backfill layer. After the geocell 6 is anchored, the backfill layer 5 is constructed. Special treatment is generally required for steeper slopes. For backfill layer 5, a small excavator is used at the top or bottom of the slope to fill the geocells with backfill soil first, then the remaining thickness is added. The final backfill layer should be level to avoid excessive slope undulation after compaction. Backfill compaction is performed using a small excavator and a vibratory plate compactor. During compaction, the plate compactor should first be used at the bottom of the slope, moving horizontally from one side to the other, until the compaction meets the requirements, then proceeding layer by layer from the bottom to the top of the slope.

[0037] All technical features in this embodiment can be freely combined according to actual needs. The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model. Technologies, shapes, and structural parts not described in detail in this utility model are all known technologies.

[0038] The above embodiments are preferred implementations of this utility model. In addition, other implementations are also included. Any obvious substitutions without departing from the concept of this technical solution are within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A slope protection and anti-collapse structure, characterized in that: The structure includes an impermeable clay layer (1), a GCL bentonite waterproof blanket (2), an HDPE geomembrane (3), and a non-woven fabric (4); the impermeable clay layer (1), the GCL bentonite waterproof blanket (2), the HDPE geomembrane (3), and the non-woven fabric (4) are laid sequentially from bottom to top on the slope base layer; the non-woven fabric (4) is provided with anchoring components; the anchoring components are used for anchoring connection between the HDPE geomembrane (3) and the non-woven fabric (4), and at the same time strengthen the cooperation between the non-woven fabric (4) and the backfill soil.

2. The slope protection and anti-collapse structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchoring assembly includes a geocell (6) and an anchor (7); the geocell (6) is provided on the nonwoven fabric (4); the geocell (6) is fixed to the HDPE geomembrane (3) through the anchor (7) passing through the nonwoven fabric (4).

3. The slope protection and anti-collapse structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The geocell (6) has a grid size of 20cm×20cm~50cm×50cm and is made of high-density polyethylene.

4. The slope protection and anti-collapse structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anchor (7) includes an anchor plate (71), an anchor ring (72) and an anchor nail (73); the HDPE geomembrane (3) is provided with an anchor plate (71); the geocell (6) is provided with an anchor ring (72); the anchor nail (73) passes through the anchor ring (72) and the non-woven fabric (4) in sequence and is inserted into the anchor plate (71).

5. A slope protection and collapse prevention structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anchor plate (71) is bonded to the HDPE geomembrane (3) with epoxy resin.

6. A slope protection and anti-collapse structure according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The diameter of the anchor plate (71) is 10-15cm and the thickness is 3-5mm.

7. A slope protection and anti-collapse structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a backfill soil layer (5); the geocell (6) is provided with a backfill soil layer (5); the thickness of the backfill soil layer (5) is greater than 30cm.

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