Key activation circuit capable of discharging quickly, battery management system and battery
By introducing a discharge circuit unit, including a capacitor and a switching transistor, into the BMS button activation circuit, the problem of slow discharge of residual charge in the capacitor is solved, the button response speed is improved, accidental operation is avoided, and the user experience is enhanced.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHENZHEN HIGHPOWER TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-28
AI Technical Summary
In existing BMS button activation circuits, the residual charge discharge time of capacitors is too long, resulting in delayed button response or misoperation, which affects the user experience, especially under frequent button operations.
A bleeder circuit unit, including a capacitor, a switching transistor, and a diode, is introduced between the push-button switch and the voltage divider circuit unit. The switching transistor controls the rapid discharge of the capacitor, and the resistor and diode form a bleeder circuit.
It enables rapid discharge of residual charge after button release, improving button response speed and avoiding misoperation caused by residual charge in capacitors.
Smart Images
Figure CN224178151U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of BMS button activation circuit technology, and in particular to a button activation circuit with rapid discharge capability, a battery management system, and a battery. Background Technology
[0002] In existing BMS (Battery Management System), different voltage drive signals are often required. Therefore, BMS often incorporates different activation circuits, which are controlled by push-button switches. One common activation circuit design is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the DC power supply (or battery) divides the voltage through a voltage divider circuit to achieve the output of the predetermined drive voltage.
[0003] However, some activation circuits only require a transient drive voltage or a rising edge trigger signal, for example, such as... Figure 2 Another activation circuit shown in the diagram, at the instant the button is turned on, current flows through capacitor C11 to the voltage divider circuit unit. The voltage input from the DC power supply (or battery) through the button switch is divided by voltage divider resistors R11 and R12 to achieve the output of the predetermined drive voltage ("high level" signal). After capacitor C11 is quickly charged, it presents a high resistance state. At this time, the current flows through the branch of resistor R13 to the voltage divider circuit unit. The resistance value of resistor R13 is generally much larger than the resistance values of voltage divider resistors R11 and R12, so that the drive voltage output terminal of the activation circuit outputs a "low level" signal.
[0004] Figure 2 As shown in the activation circuit, after the button switch is released or turned off, the residual charge on capacitor C11 often takes a relatively long time to fully discharge (i.e., to discharge through resistor R13), which may lead to delayed button response or misoperation. This delay is particularly noticeable in scenarios with frequent button presses, impacting user experience. The residual charge in the capacitor may also increase the waiting time for the device to restart or reset after a power outage, preventing the device from quickly returning to working status and reducing user satisfaction.
[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a key activation circuit with a fast discharge function, which can quickly discharge residual charge after the key is released or disconnected, so as to avoid key response delay or misoperation caused by residual charge in the capacitor.
[0006] The above information is provided as background information only to aid in understanding this disclosure and does not constitute an assertion or admission that any of the above content can be used as prior art relative to this disclosure. Utility Model Content
[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a button activation circuit, a battery management system, and a battery that can quickly release power, so as to solve or at least partially solve the technical problems existing in the prior art.
[0008] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a button activation circuit with rapid discharge capability, including a button switch and a voltage divider circuit unit, and further including a discharge circuit unit disposed between the button switch and the voltage divider circuit unit.
[0010] The discharge circuit unit includes a capacitor C2, a switching transistor Q1, a resistor R1, and a diode D2. The first end of the resistor R1 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switching transistor Q1 and the negative terminal of the diode D2. The second end of the resistor R1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the switching transistor Q1 and the positive terminal of the capacitor C2. The negative terminal of the capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the switching transistor Q1 and the positive terminal of the diode D2. The positive terminal of the capacitor C2 is used to electrically connect to the push-button switch, and the negative terminal of the diode D2 is used to electrically connect to the voltage divider circuit unit.
[0011] When the potential at the control terminal of switch Q1 is higher than the potential at the negative terminal of switch Q1 by a predetermined turn-on voltage, switch Q1 turns on.
[0012] Optionally, it also includes resistor R3, Zener diode Z1, and diode D1;
[0013] The first terminal of resistor R3 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of Zener diode Z1, the positive terminal of Zener diode Z1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of capacitor C2, and the positive terminal of diode D1 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of diode D2.
[0014] The negative terminal of diode D1 is electrically connected to the voltage input terminal of the voltage divider circuit unit, and the first terminal of resistor R3 is electrically connected to the push-button switch.
[0015] Optionally, the voltage divider circuit unit includes resistor R2 and resistor R4;
[0016] The first terminal of resistor R2 is electrically connected to the first terminal of resistor R4, the second terminal of resistor R2 is electrically connected to the cathode of diode D1, and the second terminal of resistor R4 is electrically connected to reference ground.
[0017] Wherein, the second end of resistor R2 is the voltage input terminal of the voltage divider circuit unit, and the first end of resistor R2 is the driving voltage output terminal of the voltage divider circuit unit.
[0018] Optionally, the voltage divider circuit unit further includes a capacitor C3;
[0019] The positive terminal of capacitor C3 is electrically connected to the second end of resistor R2, and the negative terminal of capacitor C3 is electrically connected to the second end of resistor R4.
[0020] Optionally, it also includes a capacitor C1 and a bidirectional Zener diode Z2;
[0021] The positive terminal of capacitor C1 and the first terminal of bidirectional Zener diode Z2 are both electrically connected to the first terminal of resistor R3, and the negative terminal of capacitor C1 and the second terminal of bidirectional Zener diode Z2 are both electrically connected to reference ground.
[0022] Optionally, the switching transistor Q1 is an NPN transistor, and the predetermined turn-on voltage is 0.6V.
[0023] Secondly, this utility model also provides a battery management system, which includes several button activation circuits, at least one of which adopts a fast-discharge button activation circuit as described above.
[0024] Thirdly, this utility model also provides a battery, including a battery management system, wherein the battery management system adopts a battery management system as described above.
[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0026] The button activation circuit provided by this utility model can quickly discharge residual charge after the button is released, improve the button response speed, and effectively avoid misoperation caused by residual charge in the capacitor.
[0027] This invention has other features and advantages that will be apparent from or will be set forth in detail in the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description, which together serve to explain the particular principles of this invention. Attached Figure Description
[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a BMS button activation circuit in the prior art.
[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another BMS button activation circuit in the existing technology.
[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a button activation circuit that can quickly release energy, provided by an embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation
[0032] To illustrate the possible application scenarios, technical principles, implementable specific solutions, and achievable objectives and effects of this application in detail, the following description, in conjunction with the listed specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, provides a detailed explanation. The embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of this application and are therefore intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.
[0033] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The term "embodiment" appearing in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it specifically limit its independence or connection with other embodiments. In principle, in this application, as long as there are no technical contradictions or conflicts, the technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way to form corresponding implementable technical solutions.
[0034] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the use of related terms herein is merely for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit this application.
[0035] In the description of this application, the term "and / or" is used to describe the logical relationship between objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B means: A exists, B exists, and A and B exist simultaneously. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following objects have an "or" logical relationship.
[0036] In this application, terms such as “first” and “second” are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual quantity, hierarchy or order between these entities or operations.
[0037] Unless otherwise specified, the use of terms such as “comprising,” “including,” “having,” or other similar expressions in this application is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, which does not exclude the presence of additional elements in a process, method, or product that includes the stated elements, such that a process, method, or product that includes a list of elements may include not only those defined elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, or product.
[0038] Similar to the understanding in the Examination Guidelines, in this application, expressions such as "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number; expressions such as "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments in this application, "multiple" means two or more (including two), and similar expressions related to "multiple" are also understood in this way, such as "multiple groups" and "multiple times," unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0039] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the space-related expressions used, such as "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "vertical," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the specific embodiments or drawings. They are only for the purpose of describing the specific embodiments of this application or for the reader's understanding, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific position, a specific orientation, or be constructed or operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.
[0040] Unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," and "setting," as used in the description of the embodiments of this application, should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral setting; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art to which this application pertains, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0041] Example 1:
[0042] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a button activation circuit that can quickly release energy, provided by an embodiment of this utility model.
[0043] It should be noted that, for ease of explanation, in this embodiment, unless otherwise specified, "first end" generally refers to the upper or left end of the electronic component in the figure, and "second end" refers to the lower or right end of the electronic component.
[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, the fast-dissipating key activation circuit includes a key switch, a voltage divider circuit unit, and a discharge circuit unit disposed between the key switch and the voltage divider circuit unit.
[0045] Specifically, the bleeder circuit unit includes capacitor C2, switching transistor Q1, resistor R1, and diode D2; the first end of resistor R1 is electrically connected to the control terminal of switching transistor Q1 and the negative terminal of diode D2, the second end of resistor R1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of switching transistor Q1 and the positive terminal of capacitor C2, and the negative terminal of capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of switching transistor Q1 and the positive terminal of diode D2; wherein, the positive terminal of capacitor C2 is used to electrically connect to the push-button switch, and the negative terminal of diode D2 is used to electrically connect to the voltage divider circuit unit;
[0046] When the potential at the control terminal of switch Q1 is higher than the potential at the negative terminal of switch Q1 by a predetermined turn-on voltage, switch Q1 turns on.
[0047] Furthermore, it also includes resistor R3, Zener diode Z1, and diode D1;
[0048] The first terminal of resistor R3 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of Zener diode Z1, the positive terminal of Zener diode Z1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of capacitor C2, and the positive terminal of diode D1 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of diode D2.
[0049] In this circuit, the negative terminal of diode D1 is electrically connected to the voltage input terminal of the voltage divider circuit unit, and the first terminal of resistor R3 is electrically connected to the push-button switch.
[0050] More specifically, in this embodiment, the switching transistor Q1 is selected as an NPN transistor or an enhancement-mode NMOS transistor;
[0051] It should be noted that if an NPN transistor is selected as the switching transistor Q1, then the control terminal of the switching transistor Q1 is the base of the NPN transistor, the positive terminal of the switching transistor Q1 is the collector of the NPN transistor, and the negative terminal of the switching transistor Q1 is the emitter of the NPN transistor; the predetermined turn-on voltage is 0.6V.
[0052] If the switching transistor Q1 is an enhancement-type NMOS transistor, then the control terminal of the switching transistor Q1 is the gate of the NMOS transistor, the positive terminal of the switching transistor Q1 is the drain of the NMOS transistor, and the negative terminal of the switching transistor Q1 is the source of the NMOS transistor.
[0053] The working principle of this button activation circuit is explained below using an NPN transistor as an example:
[0054] The instant the button switch is activated Figure 3When the POWER_ON1 terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the battery (e.g., 16.2V-25.2V), capacitor C2 begins to charge. During the moment C2 is charging, it can be considered that C2 is short-circuited. The signal at the POWER_ON1 terminal is stepped down by resistor R3, Zener diode Z1, diode D2 and diode D1 in sequence, and then divided by voltage divider circuit unit. The WKUP terminal outputs a predetermined drive voltage (2V and above, e.g., 2.5V) to activate the relevant functional circuit or IC.
[0055] If the button switch is in a continuously pressed state, capacitor C2 is in a fully charged high-impedance state. Because there is a voltage drop across diode D2, the base voltage of switch Q1 is lower than the emitter voltage, so switch Q1 is not turned on. The signal at POWER_ON1 is stepped down by resistor R3, Zener diode Z1, resistor R1 and diode D1 in sequence, and then divided by the voltage divider circuit unit. Due to the presence of resistor R1, the output voltage at WKUP will be greatly reduced, that is, the predetermined drive voltage will no longer be output.
[0056] When the push-button switch is released (opened), the current from the positive terminal of capacitor C2 flows through resistor R1, the base of switching transistor Q1, and the emitter of switching transistor Q1 back to the negative terminal of capacitor C2, forming a discharge circuit. Switching transistor Q1 detects a small current starting in resistor R1, and this current is amplified. The discharge circuit then changes to flow from the positive terminal of capacitor C2, through the collector and emitter of switching transistor Q1, and back to the negative terminal of capacitor C2, thus achieving rapid discharge of charge on capacitor C2.
[0057] For example, in this embodiment, resistor R1 is a megohm-level resistor, while resistors R2, R3, and R4 are kohm-level resistors; capacitor C2 is a 470nF capacitor, and the residual charge discharge time of capacitor C2 is only about 200ms, compared to... Figure 2 In a previous implementation where a capacitor with the same parameters required approximately 5 seconds to discharge via a resistor, this embodiment significantly reduces the discharge time.
[0058] In the above electronic components of this embodiment, diode D1 serves to prevent reverse connection, and Zener diode Z1 is used to stabilize the voltage input to the voltage input terminal.
[0059] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the voltage divider circuit unit includes resistor R2 and resistor R4;
[0060] The first terminal of resistor R2 is electrically connected to the first terminal of resistor R4, the second terminal of resistor R2 is electrically connected to the cathode of diode D1, and the second terminal of resistor R4 is electrically connected to reference ground.
[0061] Wherein, the second end of resistor R2 is the voltage input terminal of the voltage divider circuit unit, and the first end of resistor R2 is the drive voltage output terminal of the voltage divider circuit unit. Figure 3 (WKUP in the middle).
[0062] It should be noted that the voltage output from the drive voltage output terminal can be adjusted by setting the resistance values of resistors R2 and R4, which is a conventional technique in this field and will not be elaborated here.
[0063] Furthermore, the voltage divider circuit unit also includes capacitor C3;
[0064] The positive terminal of capacitor C3 is electrically connected to the second end of resistor R2, and the negative terminal of capacitor C3 is electrically connected to the second end of resistor R4.
[0065] Furthermore, it also includes capacitor C1 and bidirectional Zener diode Z2;
[0066] The positive terminal of capacitor C1 and the first terminal of bidirectional Zener diode Z2 are both electrically connected to the first terminal of resistor R3, and the negative terminal of capacitor C1 and the second terminal of bidirectional Zener diode Z2 are both electrically connected to reference ground.
[0067] Both capacitors C1 and C3 serve as filters in the circuit, while the bidirectional Zener diode Z2 serves as an anti-static diode.
[0068] In summary, the button activation circuit provided in this embodiment can quickly discharge residual charge after the button is released, improve the button response speed, and effectively avoid misoperation caused by residual charge in the capacitor.
[0069] Example 2:
[0070] This embodiment provides a battery management system, which includes several button activation circuits, at least one of which is a fast-discharge button activation circuit as described in Embodiment 1.
[0071] Based on the same concept, this utility model also provides a battery, including a battery management system as described above.
[0072] Since the first embodiment has already described the button activation circuit with rapid discharge in detail, it will not be repeated in this embodiment.
[0073] It should be noted that this embodiment only provides a relatively detailed description of the technical solutions closely related to this embodiment. Although some related circuits are not described, they should not affect the implementation of the technical solutions of this embodiment by those skilled in the art. The implementation principle of these contents should be known through the circuits in the accompanying drawings or conventional technical tools in the art, so they will not be described again in this embodiment.
[0074] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.
Claims
1. A button activation circuit with rapid discharge capability, comprising a button switch and a voltage divider circuit unit, characterized in that, It also includes a discharge circuit unit disposed between the push-button switch and the voltage divider circuit unit; The discharge circuit unit includes a capacitor C2, a switching transistor Q1, a resistor R1, and a diode D2. The first end of the resistor R1 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switching transistor Q1 and the negative terminal of the diode D2. The second end of the resistor R1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the switching transistor Q1 and the positive terminal of the capacitor C2. The negative terminal of the capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the switching transistor Q1 and the positive terminal of the diode D2. The positive terminal of the capacitor C2 is used to electrically connect to the push-button switch, and the negative terminal of the diode D2 is used to electrically connect to the voltage divider circuit unit. When the potential at the control terminal of switch Q1 is higher than the potential at the negative terminal of switch Q1 by a predetermined turn-on voltage, switch Q1 turns on.
2. The button activation circuit with rapid discharge capability according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes resistor R3, Zener diode Z1, and diode D1; The first terminal of resistor R3 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of Zener diode Z1, the positive terminal of Zener diode Z1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of capacitor C2, and the positive terminal of diode D1 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of diode D2. The negative terminal of diode D1 is electrically connected to the voltage input terminal of the voltage divider circuit unit, and the first terminal of resistor R3 is electrically connected to the push-button switch.
3. The button activation circuit with rapid discharge capability according to claim 2, characterized in that, The voltage divider circuit unit includes resistors R2 and R4; The first terminal of resistor R2 is electrically connected to the first terminal of resistor R4, the second terminal of resistor R2 is electrically connected to the cathode of diode D1, and the second terminal of resistor R4 is electrically connected to reference ground. Wherein, the second end of resistor R2 is the voltage input terminal of the voltage divider circuit unit, and the first end of resistor R2 is the driving voltage output terminal of the voltage divider circuit unit.
4. The button activation circuit with rapid discharge capability according to claim 3, characterized in that, The voltage divider circuit unit also includes capacitor C3; The positive terminal of capacitor C3 is electrically connected to the second end of resistor R2, and the negative terminal of capacitor C3 is electrically connected to the second end of resistor R4.
5. The button activation circuit with rapid discharge capability according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes capacitor C1 and bidirectional Zener diode Z2; The positive terminal of capacitor C1 and the first terminal of bidirectional Zener diode Z2 are both electrically connected to the first terminal of resistor R3, and the negative terminal of capacitor C1 and the second terminal of bidirectional Zener diode Z2 are both electrically connected to reference ground.
6. The button activation circuit with rapid discharge capability according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching transistor Q1 is an NPN transistor.
7. A battery management system, comprising a plurality of button activation circuits, characterized in that, At least one of the button activation circuits employs a fast-discharge button activation circuit as described in any one of claims 1-6.
8. A battery, comprising a battery management system, characterized in that, The battery management system is the same as described in claim 7.