Metallurgical ladle made of refractory material and capable of being efficiently ventilated

Abstract

The utility model provides a refractory material metallurgy ladle capable of being efficiently ventilated, and belongs to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy. The metallurgical ladle with the refractory material capable of being efficiently ventilated comprises a ladle shell and a permanent layer refractory material arranged on the inner side of the ladle shell. A flow guide structure is arranged in the permanent layer refractory material; the flow guide structure comprises a plurality of first flow guide grooves formed in the side wall of the permanent layer refractory material and a second flow guide groove formed in the bottom of the permanent layer refractory material; the top end of the first diversion trench extends to the top surface of the permanent layer refractory material, and the bottom end of the first diversion trench is communicated with the second diversion trench. By means of the mode, in the baking and using process of the metallurgical ladle, water vapor or other gas generated by the side wall and the bottom of the permanent layer refractory material can be smoothly discharged through the first flow guide grooves and the second flow guide grooves, and compared with a traditional mode, the metallurgical ladle can achieve more efficient ventilation; the baking time of the metallurgical ladle can be effectively shortened, and the service life of the refractory material is effectively prolonged.

Description

Refractory materials with high-efficiency air permeability in metallurgical ladles Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of iron and steel metallurgy technology, specifically to a metallurgical ladle with highly efficient air permeability made of refractory material. Background Technology

[0002] In metallurgical production, the metallurgical ladle serves as a crucial container for loading and transporting molten metal. Metallurgical ladles mainly include high-temperature containers such as molten iron ladles, steel ladles, and tundishes. These high-temperature containers are generally composed of an outer shell and internally cast and lined with refractory materials. The refractory materials typically contain some moisture, which needs to be promptly drained during the ladle's baking and steel loading processes.

[0003] In existing technologies, the main method for removing moisture from refractory materials is to create vents in the outer shell, allowing evaporated moisture to escape. However, this method can lead to stress concentration in the ladle shell, shortened lifespan, and, for special containers like vacuum ladles, difficulties in alignment during welding can cause weld cracking during use, making it impossible to maintain the preset vacuum level. Furthermore, while traditional venting methods can facilitate moisture removal to some extent, their permeability is low, requiring a long baking time. Additionally, thermal expansion due to temperature changes during baking and use can cause deformation of the refractory material, further shortening its lifespan.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to design a metallurgical ladle with efficient air permeability of refractory materials to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the technical problems existing in the background art, this application provides a metallurgical ladle with efficient air permeability of refractory material, which can ensure the smooth discharge of gas generated by the refractory material during the baking and use of the metallurgical ladle, and can effectively shorten the baking time of the metallurgical ladle and extend the service life of the refractory material.

[0006] This application provides a metallurgical ladle with highly permeable refractory material, including a cladding shell and a permanent refractory layer disposed inside the cladding shell;

[0007] The permanent refractory layer is provided with a flow guiding structure;

[0008] The flow guiding structure includes a plurality of first flow guiding channels disposed on the side wall of the permanent refractory layer and a second flow guiding channel disposed at the bottom of the permanent refractory layer; the top end of the first flow guiding channel extends to the top surface of the permanent refractory layer and the bottom end of the first flow guiding channel is connected to the second flow guiding channel.

[0009] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by setting a first and second interconnected guide channel in the permanent refractory layer, water vapor or other gases generated on the sidewalls and bottom of the permanent refractory layer can be smoothly discharged through the first and second guide channels during the baking and use of the metallurgical ladle. This method not only eliminates the need for ventilation holes in the ladle shell but also achieves better ventilation, effectively shortening the baking time of the metallurgical ladle. Furthermore, the setting of the first and second guide channels also reserves some deformation space for the refractory material, effectively extending the service life of the refractory material.

[0010] In some embodiments, the flow guiding structure is disposed in the permanent refractory layer near the cladding.

[0011] In this embodiment, by setting the flow guiding structure on the side close to the cladding, in the actual preparation process, a mold for forming the flow guiding structure can be placed on the inner wall of the cladding first, and then a permanent layer of refractory material can be formed by casting. After the material is formed, the mold can be removed, and the corresponding flow guiding structure can be formed on the side close to the cladding. The overall preparation process is simple and efficient.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first guide channel is vertically disposed on the outer wall of the permanent refractory layer.

[0013] In this embodiment, the gas generated by the permanent refractory layer can be quickly discharged through the vertically arranged first guide channel.

[0014] In some embodiments, a plurality of the first guide channels are distributed at equal intervals on the outer wall of the permanent refractory layer.

[0015] In this embodiment, the uniformly distributed first guide grooves facilitate the uniform discharge of gas generated by the permanent refractory layer.

[0016] In some embodiments, the second flow channel extends radiating from the center of the bottom of the permanent refractory layer to the bottom of each of the first flow channels.

[0017] In this embodiment, the second guide channel at the bottom can be connected to each of the first guide channels, so that the gas generated at the bottom of the permanent refractory layer can be discharged through the first guide channel.

[0018] In some embodiments, the interior of both the first guide channel and the second guide channel is a cavity.

[0019] In this embodiment, no filler is placed in the first and second guide channels, making them completely hollow, which is more conducive to the discharge of gas and improves the air permeability of the refractory material.

[0020] In some embodiments, the number of the first guide channels is 3 to 50.

[0021] In some embodiments, the total cross-sectional area of ​​the first guide channel is 1 to 100 cm². 2 .

[0022] In the above embodiments, adjusting the number and cross-sectional area of ​​the first guide grooves helps to achieve better air permeability.

[0023] In some embodiments, the casing is cylindrical and has no vent holes.

[0024] In this embodiment, since the permanent refractory material is provided with a flow guiding structure for air permeability, the cladding does not need to be provided with vent holes to achieve a high-efficiency air permeability effect, and the cladding without vent holes has a longer service life.

[0025] In some embodiments, the metallurgical ladle further includes a working layer refractory material disposed inside the permanent layer refractory material.

[0026] In this embodiment, by setting the working layer refractory material inside the permanent layer refractory material, the entire inner wall of the working layer refractory material can be permeable during the baking stage, achieving efficient air permeability without the need for additional flow guiding structures. During the smelting process, the working layer refractory material, as the innermost layer of the metallurgical ladle, directly contacts high-temperature materials such as molten steel and slag, while the permanent layer refractory material can play a supporting and heat-insulating role between the cladding and the working layer refractory material, reducing heat conduction to the cladding.

[0027] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of this application, the accompanying drawings used in this application will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metallurgical ladle with efficient air permeability provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the metallurgical ladle with efficient air permeability provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0031] Figure 3 is a comparison of the baking time of the metallurgical ladle with efficient air permeability provided in Examples 2 to 5 of this application and the traditional metallurgical ladle;

[0032] Figure 4 is a comparison of the service life of the refractory materials in the metallurgical ladle with high-efficiency air permeability provided in Examples 2-5 of this application and the refractory materials in the traditional metallurgical ladle.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Shell; 2. Permanent layer refractory material; 21. First guide channel; 22. Second guide channel; 3. Working layer refractory material. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0036] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0037] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0038] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] In existing technologies, venting holes are typically created on the cladding to remove moisture from the refractory material. However, this method can lead to stress concentration and shortened lifespan on the cladding shell. To minimize the impact of venting holes on the cladding shell, the holes need to be small; the total cross-sectional area of ​​all venting holes on the cladding shell is usually less than 5 cm². 2 This results in low air permeability of the vents, leading to a longer baking time. Furthermore, temperature changes during baking and use cause the refractory material to deform due to thermal expansion and contraction. However, the structure of traditional refractory materials results in a lack of corresponding deformation space, which in turn affects the service life of the refractory material.

[0041] To address the technical problems of the impact of vents on the cladding and the long baking time and short service life of metallurgical ladles, this application provides a metallurgical ladle with highly permeable refractory material. By setting a flow guiding structure in the permanent refractory layer, better permeability can be achieved without setting vents on the cladding, which can also shorten the baking time of the metallurgical ladle and extend the service life of the refractory material.

[0042] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, this application provides a metallurgical cladding with highly permeable refractory material, including a cladding shell 1 and a permanent refractory layer 2 disposed inside the cladding shell 1.

[0043] The permanent refractory layer 2 is equipped with a flow guiding structure;

[0044] The flow guiding structure includes several first flow guiding channels 21 disposed on the side wall of the permanent layer refractory material 2 and a second flow guiding channel 22 disposed at the bottom of the permanent layer refractory material 2; the top end of the first flow guiding channel 21 extends to the top surface of the permanent layer refractory material 2, and the bottom end of the first flow guiding channel 21 is connected to the second flow guiding channel 22.

[0045] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by providing a first guide channel 21 and a second guide channel 22 connected to each other on the sidewall and bottom of the permanent refractory layer 2, water vapor or other gases generated on the sidewall and bottom of the permanent refractory layer 2 can be smoothly discharged through the first guide channel 21 and the second guide channel 22 during the baking and use of the metallurgical ladle. This method not only eliminates the need to open vent holes on the ladle shell 1, but also achieves better ventilation compared to the traditional method of opening vent holes, thereby effectively shortening the baking time of the metallurgical ladle. Furthermore, the provision of the first guide channel 21 and the second guide channel 22 also reserves some deformation space for the permanent refractory layer 2, avoiding a shortened lifespan due to a lack of deformation space, thereby effectively extending the service life of the permanent refractory layer 2.

[0046] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the flow-guiding structure is disposed on the side of the permanent refractory layer 2 near the cladding 1. With this arrangement, in the actual preparation process, a mold for forming the flow-guiding structure can be placed on the inner wall of the cladding first, and then the permanent refractory layer can be formed by casting. After the permanent refractory layer is formed, the mold can be removed, thus forming the corresponding flow-guiding structure on the side near the cladding. The overall preparation process is simple and efficient.

[0047] Furthermore, in this embodiment, each first guide channel 21 is vertically disposed on the outer wall of the permanent refractory layer 2; and each first guide channel 21 is equally spaced on the outer wall of the permanent refractory layer 2. The outer wall of the permanent refractory layer 2 refers to the side wall of the permanent refractory layer 2 closest to the cladding 1. This arrangement facilitates the more uniform and rapid discharge of gas generated by the permanent refractory layer 2, improving air permeability.

[0048] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the second guide channel 22 extends radiating from the center of the bottom of the permanent refractory layer 2 to the bottom of each first guide channel 21. More specifically, in some embodiments of this application, the number of second guide channels 22 is the same as the number of first guide channels 21, and they correspond one-to-one. Each second guide channel 22 extends from the center of the bottom of the permanent refractory layer 2 to the bottom of the corresponding first guide channel 21, so that water vapor at the bottom of the permanent refractory layer 2 can enter the first guide channel 21 through the second guide channel 22, and then exit through the opening on the top surface of the first guide channel 21, thereby achieving a more comprehensive air permeability effect, improving the air permeability efficiency of the permanent refractory layer 2, and thus shortening the baking time.

[0049] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the interiors of the first guide channel 21 and the second guide channel 22 are both cavities without any filling material, which is more conducive to promoting the discharge of gas and improving the air permeability of the permanent refractory material 2.

[0050] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the number of first guide channels 21 is preferably 3 to 50, and the total cross-sectional area of ​​the first guide channels 21 (i.e., the sum of the cross-sectional areas of each first guide channel 21) is 1 to 100 cm². 2 More preferably, the number of second guide channels 22 is the same as that of the first guide channels 21, and the cross-sectional area of ​​each second guide channel 22 is equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the corresponding first guide channel 21. By adjusting the number and cross-section of the guide channels, this application can achieve better air permeability, shorten the baking time, and extend the service life of the permanent refractory layer 2.

[0051] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the shell 1 is cylindrical and has no vent holes. This avoids the impact of vent holes on the mechanical properties and lifespan of the shell 1. Moreover, the flow-guiding structure in the permanent refractory layer 2 has better air permeability than traditional vent holes, which is also beneficial to extending the service life of the permanent refractory layer 2.

[0052] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the metallurgical ladle also includes a working layer refractory material 3 disposed inside the permanent layer refractory material 2. The inner side of the permanent layer refractory material 2 refers to the side furthest from the cladding shell 1. This arrangement allows for efficient air permeability throughout the entire inner wall of the working layer refractory material 3 during the baking stage, eliminating the need for additional flow-guiding structures. During the smelting process, the working layer refractory material 3, as the innermost layer of the metallurgical ladle, directly contacts high-temperature materials such as molten steel and slag. The permanent layer refractory material 2 then provides support and insulation between the cladding shell 1 and the working layer refractory material 3, reducing heat conduction to the cladding shell 1.

[0053] The following are some specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] This embodiment provides a metallurgical ladle with highly permeable refractory material, comprising, from the outside to the inside, a cladding shell 1, a permanent refractory layer 2, and a working refractory layer 3. The cladding shell 1 has a cylindrical structure and no ventilation holes. By laying a soft plastic mold on the inner side of the cladding shell 1, and then casting to form the permanent refractory layer 2, followed by removing the plastic mold, a flow-guiding structure is formed on the side of the permanent refractory layer 2 near the cladding shell 1. This flow-guiding structure includes first flow-guiding channels 21 vertically arranged and equally spaced on the outer side of the permanent refractory layer 2, and second flow-guiding channels 22 located at the bottom of the permanent refractory layer 2. Each second flow-guiding channel 22 is connected to a corresponding first flow-guiding channel 21, the number of second flow-guiding channels 22 is the same as the number of first flow-guiding channels 21, and the cross-sectional area of ​​each second flow-guiding channel 22 is equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the corresponding first flow-guiding channel 21. In this embodiment, the number of first guide channels 21 is set to 15, and the cross-sectional area of ​​each first guide channel 21 is 1 cm². 2 The total cross-sectional area of ​​these 15 first guide channels 21 is 15 cm². 2 .

[0056] Based on the metallurgical ladle provided in this embodiment, during the baking and molten steel pouring process, the water vapor or other gases generated by the permanent refractory material 2 can be discharged upward through the guide structure to achieve a better air permeability.

[0057] To further confirm the advantages of the metallurgical ladle provided in this application in terms of baking time and refractory material service life, specific tests were conducted on the metallurgical ladle provided in Examples 2-5, and it was compared with the conventional metallurgical ladle. The results are shown in Figures 3-4, and will be explained in detail below.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] In the existing technology, a continuous casting tundish (i.e., the conventional ladle in Figure 3-4) provided by a steel plant has a capacity of 45 tons, of which the weight of the permanent refractory layer is 8 tons. The ladle shell is provided with 120 vent holes, and the total cross-sectional area of ​​each vent hole is 1.8 cm². 2 During the experiment, converter gas was used as the baking fuel, and the baking time before pouring molten steel was measured to be 4.5 hours. After repeated tests, the service life of the permanent refractory layer was measured to be 72 furnace cycles.

[0060] Example 2 provides a metallurgical ladle with highly permeable refractory material (i.e., the novel ladle in Figures 3-4). This metallurgical ladle is a continuous casting tundish. Based on the prior art, the material of the ladle shell 1 and the refractory material remains unchanged, and the same capacity and weight of the permanent refractory layer 2 are maintained. However, instead of providing permeable holes on the ladle shell 1, a flow guiding structure is provided in the permanent refractory layer 2. The flow guiding structure in this example is basically the same as that in Example 1, only the number of flow guiding channels is changed. In this example, the number of first flow guiding channels 21 is 10, and the total cross-sectional area of ​​the 10 first flow guiding channels 21 is 15 cm². 2 Following the same testing method as the prior art described above, the baking time of the metallurgical ladle with efficient air permeability provided in this embodiment was measured to be 4 hours, and the service life of its permanent layer refractory material 2 was 85 furnace cycles. Compared with the prior art described above, the baking time is significantly shortened, while the service life of the permanent layer refractory material 2 is extended.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] In the existing technology, a steel plant provides a continuous casting tundish (i.e., the conventional ladle in Figure 3-4) with a capacity of 65 tons, of which the permanent refractory layer weighs 10 tons. The tundish shell has 180 vent holes, with a total cross-sectional area of ​​2.2 cm². 2 During the experiment, converter gas was used as the baking fuel, and the baking time before pouring molten steel was measured to be 4.7 hours. After repeated tests, the service life of the permanent refractory layer was measured to be 80 furnace cycles.

[0063] Example 3 provides a metallurgical ladle with highly permeable refractory material (i.e., the novel ladle in Figures 3-4). This metallurgical ladle is a continuous casting tundish. Based on the prior art, the material of the ladle shell 1 and the refractory material remains unchanged, and the same capacity and weight of the permanent refractory layer 2 are maintained. However, instead of providing permeable holes on the ladle shell 1, a flow guiding structure is provided in the permanent refractory layer 2. The flow guiding structure in this example is basically the same as that in Example 1, only the number of flow guiding channels is changed. In this example, the number of first flow guiding channels 21 is 20, and the total cross-sectional area of ​​the 20 first flow guiding channels 21 is 15 cm². 2 Following the same testing method as the prior art described above, the baking time of the metallurgical ladle with efficient air permeability provided in this embodiment was measured to be 4.2 hours, and the service life of its permanent layer refractory material 2 was 95 furnace cycles. Compared with the prior art described above, the baking time is significantly shortened, while the service life of the permanent layer refractory material 2 is extended.

[0064] Example 4

[0065] In the prior art, a steel ladle (i.e., the conventional ladle in Figure 3-4) provided by a steel plant has a capacity of 180 tons, with the permanent refractory layer weighing 8 tons. The ladle shell has 220 vent holes, and the total cross-sectional area of ​​each vent hole is 2.8 cm². 2 During the experiment, converter gas was used as the baking fuel, and the baking time before pouring molten steel was measured to be 5.6 hours. After repeated tests, the service life of the permanent refractory layer was measured to be 156 furnace cycles.

[0066] Example 4 provides a metallurgical ladle with highly permeable refractory material (i.e., the novel ladle in Figures 3-4). This metallurgical ladle is a steel ladle. Based on the aforementioned prior art, the material of the ladle shell 1 and the refractory material remains unchanged, and the same capacity and weight of the permanent refractory layer 2 are maintained. However, instead of providing permeable holes on the ladle shell 1, a flow guiding structure is provided in the permanent refractory layer 2. The flow guiding structure in this example is basically the same as that in Example 1, only the number of flow guiding channels and the total cross-sectional area are changed. In this example, the number of first flow guiding channels 21 is 20, and the total cross-sectional area of ​​the 20 first flow guiding channels 21 is 10 cm². 2 Following the same testing method as the prior art described above, the baking time of the metallurgical ladle with efficient air permeability provided in this embodiment was measured to be 5.2 hours, and the service life of its permanent layer refractory material 2 was 175 furnace cycles. Compared with the prior art described above, the baking time is significantly shortened, while the service life of the permanent layer refractory material 2 is extended.

[0067] Example 5

[0068] In the prior art, a steel ladle (i.e., the conventional ladle in Figure 3-4) provided by a steel plant has a capacity of 150 tons, of which the permanent refractory layer weighs 25 tons. The ladle shell has 260 vent holes, with a total cross-sectional area of ​​3.2 cm². 2 During the experiment, converter gas was used as the baking fuel, and the baking time before pouring molten steel was measured to be 5.8 hours. After repeated tests, the service life of the permanent refractory layer was measured to be 176 heats.

[0069] Example 5 provides a metallurgical ladle with highly permeable refractory material (i.e., the novel ladle in Figures 3-4). This metallurgical ladle is a steel ladle. Based on the prior art, the material of the ladle shell 1 and the refractory material remains unchanged, and the same capacity and weight of the permanent refractory layer 2 are maintained. However, instead of providing vents on the ladle shell 1, a flow guiding structure is provided in the permanent refractory layer 2. The flow guiding structure in this example is basically the same as that in Example 1, only the number of flow guiding channels is changed. In this example, the number of first flow guiding channels 21 is 25, and the total cross-sectional area of ​​the 25 first flow guiding channels 21 is 15 cm². 2Following the same testing method as the prior art described above, the baking time of the metallurgical ladle with efficient air permeability provided in this embodiment was measured to be 5.1 hours, and the service life of its permanent layer refractory material 2 was 198 furnace cycles. Compared with the prior art described above, the baking time is significantly shortened, while the service life of the permanent layer refractory material 2 is extended.

[0070] In summary, this application provides a metallurgical ladle with highly efficient air permeability of refractory material, belonging to the field of iron and steel metallurgical technology. The metallurgical ladle with highly efficient air permeability of refractory material provided in this application includes a shell and a permanent refractory layer disposed inside the shell; the permanent refractory layer is provided with a flow guiding structure; the flow guiding structure includes several first flow guiding grooves disposed on the sidewalls of the permanent refractory layer and a second flow guiding groove disposed on the bottom of the permanent refractory layer; the top of the first flow guiding groove extends to the top surface of the permanent refractory layer, and the bottom of the first flow guiding groove communicates with the second flow guiding groove. Through the above method, during the baking and use of the metallurgical ladle provided in this application, water vapor or other gases generated on the sidewalls and bottom of the permanent refractory layer can be smoothly discharged through the first and second flow guiding grooves, achieving more efficient air permeability compared to traditional methods, effectively shortening the baking time of the metallurgical ladle and effectively extending the service life of the refractory material.

[0071] It should be noted that this application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above embodiments are merely examples, and any embodiments with the same structure and effect as the technical concept within the scope of this application are included in the technical scope of this application. Furthermore, various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art to the embodiments, and other ways of constructing by combining some of the constituent elements of the embodiments, without departing from the spirit of this application, are also included in the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A metallurgical ladle with highly permeable refractory material, characterized in that, The device includes a shell and a permanent refractory layer disposed inside the shell; the permanent refractory layer is provided with a flow guiding structure; the flow guiding structure includes a plurality of first flow guiding channels disposed on the sidewall of the permanent refractory layer and a second flow guiding channel disposed at the bottom of the permanent refractory layer; the top end of the first flow guiding channel extends to the top surface of the permanent refractory layer, and the bottom end of the first flow guiding channel communicates with the second flow guiding channel.

2. The refractory material with high-efficiency air permeability according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guiding structure is disposed in the permanent refractory layer near the cladding.

3. The refractory material with high-efficiency air permeability according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first guide channel is vertically disposed on the outer wall of the permanent refractory layer.

4. The refractory material with high-efficiency air permeability according to claim 3, characterized in that, Several of the first guide channels are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the permanent refractory layer.

5. The refractory material with high-efficiency air permeability according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second guide channel extends radiating from the center of the bottom of the permanent refractory layer to the bottom of each of the first guide channels.

6. The refractory material with high-efficiency air permeability according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first and second guide channels have hollow interiors.

7. The refractory material with high-efficiency air permeability according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the first guide channels is 3 to 50.

8. The refractory material with high-efficiency air permeability according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total cross-sectional area of ​​the first guide channel is 1 to 100 cm². 2 .

9. The refractory material with high-efficiency air permeability according to claim 1, characterized in that, The casing is cylindrical and has no air vents.

10. The refractory material with high-efficiency air permeability according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metallurgical ladle also includes a working layer refractory material disposed inside the permanent layer refractory material.

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