Hydraulic shearing device adopting hydraulic oil cylinder to push connecting rod mechanism to achieve efficient closing

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydraulic shearing device adopting a hydraulic oil cylinder to push a connecting rod mechanism to achieve efficient closing, and relates to the technical field of hydraulic shears. The device comprises a connecting plate, the top of the connecting plate is fixedly connected with an oil cylinder, the bottom of the oil cylinder is fixedly connected with a piston rod, the bottom of the piston rod penetrates through the top of the connecting plate and extends to the bottom of the connecting plate, the bottom of the piston rod is fixedly connected with a connecting seat, and connecting shafts are arranged on the two sides of the surface of the connecting seat. And the surface of the connecting shaft is movably connected with a connecting joint. Through the innovatively designed connecting arm and connecting joint combined mechanism, the thrust of the oil cylinder is mechanically amplified, meanwhile, the angle ratio of the connecting rod is optimized, the blade can still keep 90% of effective shearing component force at the tail section of the stroke, the problem that the force at the tail section of a traditional direct-pushing type hydraulic shear is attenuated is solved, and the working efficiency is improved. And the shearing efficiency and the adaptability to high-strength materials are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of hydraulic shearing technology, and in particular relates to a hydraulic shearing device that uses a hydraulic cylinder to drive a linkage mechanism to achieve efficient closure. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial sheet metal shearing operations, hydraulic shears are widely used as core equipment in scenarios with small to medium shearing forces (generally less than 50 kN), suitable for short-stroke, rapid shearing and applications where high precision is not required. Existing hydraulic shears are mainly divided into the following three categories:

[0003] Direct-push hydraulic shears: These shears connect the moving blade directly to the piston rod of the cylinder, achieving blade closure through a linear push. However, their structure has significant drawbacks, including low force transmission efficiency, especially at the end of blade closure where the vertical force drops by more than 30%, resulting in insufficient shearing force and difficulty in handling high-intensity shearing demands. Parallel linkage hydraulic shears: These use a symmetrical arrangement of two cylinders, maintaining parallel blade closure through a parallel four-bar linkage mechanism. However, this structure relies on the synchronous operation of both cylinders; failure of one cylinder can easily lead to blade jamming, poor resistance to eccentric loads, and low equipment reliability. Rotary shearing hydraulic shears: These use a cylinder to drive a gear and rack mechanism, causing the blade to rotate and close. However, this design is prone to lateral material displacement during shearing, causing debris or workpieces to get stuck in the blade gap, posing a high risk of material jamming. This not only affects production efficiency but may also damage the equipment.

[0004] To address these issues, we provide a hydraulic shearing device that uses a hydraulic cylinder to drive a linkage mechanism to achieve efficient closure. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hydraulic shearing device that uses a hydraulic cylinder to drive a linkage mechanism to achieve efficient closure, which solves the problems of low shearing force, poor resistance to eccentric load, and high risk of material jamming in existing hydraulic shears.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution.

[0007] This utility model discloses a hydraulic shearing device that uses a hydraulic cylinder to drive a linkage mechanism to achieve efficient closure. It includes a connecting plate, a hydraulic cylinder fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate, and a piston rod fixedly connected to the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder. The bottom of the piston rod passes through the top of the connecting plate and extends to the bottom of the connecting plate. A connecting seat is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston rod. Connecting shafts are provided on both sides of the surface of the connecting seat. Connecting joints are movably connected to the surface of the connecting shafts. A connecting arm is movably connected to the bottom of the connecting joint via the connecting shaft. A shear is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting arm. The hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate by bolts to ensure stable power input. The connecting shafts are... The stepped shaft design, secured to the connecting joint with a locking nut, prevents axial movement. The lever mechanism formed by the connecting arm and the connecting joint effectively amplifies the cylinder thrust, significantly increasing the actual shearing force and enabling it to handle the shearing requirements of high-strength materials. The optimized connecting rod angle design ensures that the blade maintains a high-efficiency shearing force throughout the closing stroke, avoiding the force attenuation problem of traditional structures and improving shearing efficiency and applicability. The self-balancing structure driven by a single cylinder, with a self-aligning bearing built into the connecting seat, can adaptively deflect small deviations, compensating for off-center loads during the shearing process and preventing blade jamming. Compared to the traditional structure driven by two cylinders simultaneously, this simplifies the complexity of the hydraulic system and improves the stability and reliability of equipment operation.

[0008] The present invention is further configured such that side plates are fixedly connected to both the front and rear ends of the connecting plate, and the side plates are symmetrically arranged. The symmetrically arranged side plates form a closed frame structure with the connecting plate through a second fastener, which effectively disperses the impact force during the shearing process, avoids local stress deformation, significantly improves the overall rigidity of the device, ensures structural stability during high-frequency shearing operations, reduces vibration and noise, and extends the service life of the equipment.

[0009] The present invention is further configured such that a main shaft is fixedly connected to both sides of the inner cavity of the side plate, and one side of the connecting arm is movably connected to the main shaft. The main shaft serves as the rotation fulcrum of the connecting arm and is rigidly connected to the side plate, ensuring that the motion trajectory of the linkage mechanism is precise and controllable. By reasonably setting the position of the main shaft, the lever arm length and transmission angle are optimized, so that the hydraulic cylinder thrust is more efficiently converted into the shearing force of the scissors, thereby improving the shearing efficiency and energy utilization rate.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that a sealing plate is fixedly connected to one side of the side plate, and a first fastener is provided at each of the four corners of the sealing plate surface. The sealing plate can be detached and installed through the first fastener, which facilitates quick opening of the equipment to inspect and lubricate internal linkage mechanisms, bearings and other components. The modular structural design allows maintenance personnel to directly access key parts, reducing the amount of disassembly work.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that a second fastener is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate, and the bottom of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the side plate through the second fastener. The second fastener can install the connecting plate and the side plate, so as to facilitate disassembly and maintenance.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that a first limiting block is fixedly connected to one side of the side plate opposite to the piston rod, the first limiting block limiting the maximum stroke of the piston rod to prevent the cylinder from extending excessively and causing damage to the mechanism.

[0013] The present invention is further configured such that a second limiting block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the side plate and to one side of the scissors. There are two second limiting blocks, which are symmetrically arranged. The second limiting blocks precisely limit the closed position of the scissors, ensuring that the blade gap is uniform during the cutting process, avoiding safety accidents caused by overload or misalignment, and improving the reliability of equipment operation.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that the connecting arm and the scissors adopt a wedge-shaped guide surface structure. The wedge-shaped guide surface structure enables the connecting arm and the scissors to automatically adjust their relative positions when subjected to force, compensate for the lateral force during the shearing process, reduce blade wear and material deviation. This self-centering function significantly improves the device's resistance to off-center loads, ensures a flat shearing surface, and improves product processing accuracy.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects.

[0016] 1. This utility model mechanically amplifies the thrust of the hydraulic cylinder through an innovatively designed connecting arm and connecting joint combination mechanism. At the same time, by optimizing the connecting rod angle ratio, the blade can still maintain 90% of the effective shearing force at the end of the stroke, solving the problem of force attenuation at the end of the stroke in traditional direct-push hydraulic shears, and significantly improving shearing efficiency and adaptability to high-strength materials.

[0017] 2. This utility model adopts a single-cylinder driven self-balancing mechanism. The cylinder connecting seat has a built-in self-aligning bearing, which allows for ±2° of self-adaptive deflection. When an off-center load occurs during the shearing process, the self-aligning bearing can automatically compensate for the angle deviation, avoiding jamming caused by uneven force on one side. Compared with the dual-cylinder synchronous reliance structure of the parallel linkage hydraulic shear, the anti-off-center load capacity is significantly enhanced, and the stability of equipment operation is greatly improved. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a hydraulic shearing device that uses a hydraulic cylinder to drive a linkage mechanism to achieve efficient closure.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the open state structure of a hydraulic shearing device that uses a hydraulic cylinder to drive a linkage mechanism to achieve efficient closure.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the closed state structure of a hydraulic shearing device that uses a hydraulic cylinder to drive a linkage mechanism to achieve efficient closure.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a front view schematic diagram of a hydraulic shearing device that uses a hydraulic cylinder to drive a linkage mechanism to achieve efficient closure.

[0023] In the attached diagram: 1. Hydraulic cylinder; 2. Piston rod; 3. Connecting seat; 4. Connecting joint; 5. Connecting shaft; 6. Connecting arm; 7. Main shaft; 8. Scissors; 9. First limiting block; 10. Second limiting block; 11. Side plate; 12. Sealing plate; 13. Connecting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] Please see Figure 1-4 This utility model is a hydraulic shearing device that uses a hydraulic cylinder to drive a linkage mechanism to achieve efficient closure. It includes a connecting plate 13, a cylinder 1 fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate 13, a piston rod 2 fixedly connected to the bottom of the cylinder 1, the bottom of the piston rod 2 passing through the top of the connecting plate 13 and extending to the bottom of the connecting plate 13, a connecting seat 3 fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston rod 2, a connecting shaft 5 provided on both sides of the surface of the connecting seat 3, a connecting joint 4 movably connected to the surface of the connecting shaft 5, a connecting arm 6 movably connected to the bottom of the connecting joint 4 through the connecting shaft 5, and a shear 8 fixedly connected to one side of the connecting arm 6.

[0027] Specifically: the hydraulic cylinder 1 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate 13 by bolts to ensure stable power input. The connecting shaft 5 adopts a stepped shaft design and is fixed to the connecting joint 4 by a locking nut to prevent axial movement. The lever mechanism formed by the connecting arm 6 and the connecting joint 4 effectively amplifies the thrust of the hydraulic cylinder 1, significantly improving the actual shearing force and meeting the shearing requirements of high-strength materials. The optimized linkage angle design ensures that the blade maintains a high-efficiency shearing force throughout the closing process, avoiding the force attenuation problem of traditional structures and improving shearing efficiency and applicability. The self-balancing structure driven by the single hydraulic cylinder 1 can adaptively deflect small deviations through the self-aligning bearing built into the connecting seat 3, compensating for the off-center load problem during the shearing process and preventing blade jamming. Compared with the traditional structure driven by two hydraulic cylinders 1 synchronously, it simplifies the complexity of the hydraulic system and improves the stability and reliability of equipment operation.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] Please see Figure 1-4 Based on Embodiment 1, the front and rear ends of the connecting plate 13 are fixedly connected to side plates 11, which are symmetrically arranged. The two sides of the inner cavity of the side plate 11 are fixedly connected to the main shaft 7. One side of the connecting arm 6 is movably connected to the main shaft 7. One side of the side plate 11 is fixedly connected to the sealing plate 12. The four corners of the surface of the sealing plate 12 are provided with first fasteners. The top of the connecting plate 13 is fixedly connected to the second fastener. The bottom of the connecting plate 13 is fixedly connected to the side plate 11 through the second fastener. The opposite side of the side plate 11 and below the piston rod 2 is fixedly connected to the first limiting block 9. The bottom of the side plate 11 and one side of the scissors 8 is fixedly connected to the second limiting block 10. There are two second limiting blocks 10, which are symmetrically arranged. The connecting arm 6 and the scissors 8 adopt a wedge-shaped guide surface structure.

[0030] Specifically: The symmetrically arranged side plates 11 form a closed frame structure with the connecting plate 13 via the second fastener, effectively dispersing the impact force during the shearing process, avoiding localized deformation, significantly improving the overall rigidity of the device, ensuring structural stability during high-frequency shearing operations, reducing vibration and noise, and extending the service life of the equipment. The main shaft 7 serves as the rotation fulcrum of the connecting arm 6 and is rigidly connected to the side plate 11, ensuring precise and controllable movement trajectory of the linkage mechanism. By rationally setting the position of the main shaft 7, the lever arm length and transmission angle are optimized, making the thrust of the hydraulic cylinder 1 more efficiently converted into the shearing force of the scissors 8, improving shearing efficiency and energy utilization. The sealing plate 12 can be detached and installed via the first fastener, facilitating quick opening of the equipment for inspection and lubrication of internal linkage mechanisms, bearings, and other components. Modular design. The structural design allows maintenance personnel to directly access key parts, reducing disassembly workload. The second fastener enables the connection plate 13 to be installed with the side plate 11, facilitating disassembly and maintenance. The first limit block 9 restricts the maximum stroke of the piston rod 2, preventing the cylinder 1 from overextending and causing damage to the mechanism. The second limit block 10 precisely limits the closed position of the scissors 8, ensuring uniform blade gap during shearing, avoiding safety accidents caused by overload or misalignment, and improving the reliability of equipment operation. The wedge-shaped guide surface structure allows the connecting arm 6 and the scissors 8 to automatically adjust their relative positions when under force, compensating for lateral forces during shearing, reducing blade wear and material offset. This self-centering function significantly improves the device's resistance to off-center loads, ensuring a flat sheared section and improving product processing accuracy.

[0031] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: When the hydraulic cylinder 1 is started, the piston rod 2 extends downward and pushes the connecting seat 3 to move synchronously. The connecting shafts 5 on both sides of the connecting seat 3 transmit power to the connecting joint 4, causing the connecting joint 4 to swing around the connecting shaft 5. At this time, the connecting arm 6 acts as a lever mechanism, with the main shaft 7 as the fulcrum of rotation, and converts the swing of the connecting joint 4 into the closing motion of the scissors 8, thereby applying shearing force to the workpiece.

[0032] When the linear motion of piston rod 2 is transmitted to connecting joint 4 via connecting seat 3, the long arm end of connecting arm 6 and the fixed end of scissors 8 can generate a shearing force several times greater than the thrust of cylinder 1 due to the long lever arm. At the same time, the connecting rod angle design ensures that the shearing component remains stable throughout the entire closing stroke of scissors 8, avoiding the problem of force attenuation at the end of the traditional direct-push structure.

[0033] In the self-balancing structure driven by a single hydraulic cylinder 1, the connecting seat 3 has a built-in self-aligning bearing, which allows the connecting joint 4 to undergo ±2° adaptive deflection during the shearing process. When the workpiece is unbalanced due to uneven load on both sides, the self-aligning bearing compensates for the slight angle, so that the connecting arm 6 and the shears 8 automatically adjust their posture to maintain a uniform distribution of shearing force and avoid blade jamming or equipment overload.

[0034] The preferred embodiments of the present utility model disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present utility model. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the present utility model to the specific implementation methods described. The present specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principle and practical application of the present utility model, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and utilize the present utility model.

Claims

1. A hydraulic shearing device that uses a hydraulic cylinder to drive a linkage mechanism to achieve efficient closure, comprising a connecting plate (13), characterized in that: A hydraulic cylinder (1) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate (13), and a piston rod (2) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder (1). The bottom of the piston rod (2) passes through the top of the connecting plate (13) and extends to the bottom of the connecting plate (13). A connecting seat (3) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston rod (2). A connecting shaft (5) is provided on both sides of the surface of the connecting seat (3). A connecting joint (4) is movably connected to the surface of the connecting shaft (5). A connecting arm (6) is movably connected to the bottom of the connecting joint (4) through the connecting shaft (5). A scissor (8) is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting arm (6).

2. The hydraulic shearing device of claim 1, wherein the hydraulic cylinder pushes the connecting rod mechanism to realize efficient closing. The front and rear ends of the connecting plate (13) are fixedly connected to side plates (11), and the side plates (11) are symmetrically arranged.

3. The hydraulic shearing device of claim 2, wherein: Both sides of the inner cavity of the side plate (11) are fixedly connected to the main shaft (7), and one side of the connecting arm (6) is movably connected to the main shaft (7).

4. A hydraulic shearing device according to claim 2, which uses a hydraulic cylinder to drive a linkage mechanism to achieve efficient closure, is characterized in that: A sealing plate (12) is fixedly connected to one side of the side plate (11), and a first fastener is provided at each of the four corners of the surface of the sealing plate (12).

5. The hydraulic shearing device of claim 2, wherein: The top of the connecting plate (13) is fixedly connected to a second fastener, and the bottom of the connecting plate (13) is fixedly connected to the side plate (11) by the second fastener.

6. The hydraulic shearing device of claim 2, wherein: A first limiting block (9) is fixedly connected to the side opposite to the side plate (11) and below the piston rod (2).

7. The hydraulic shearing device of claim 2, wherein: A second limiting block (10) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the side plate (11) and to one side of the scissors (8). There are two second limiting blocks (10), which are arranged symmetrically.

8. A hydraulic shearing device according to claim 1, which uses a hydraulic cylinder to drive a linkage mechanism to achieve efficient closure, is characterized in that: The connecting arm (6) and the scissors (8) adopt a wedge-shaped guide surface structure.

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