Laser ignition device, laser guide assembly and internal combustion engine

Abstract

The utility model relates to a laser ignition device, a laser guiding assembly and an internal combustion engine. The laser guiding assembly comprises a sleeve, a light guiding part and a field lens. The light guide piece is arranged in the sleeve in a penetrating mode. The field lens is installed on the sleeve and located in front of the light guide piece, and a plurality of annular light-emitting parts which are sequentially arranged in a nested mode from inside to outside are arranged on the light-emitting face of the field lens. During use, the light guide part transmits laser emitted by the laser device to the field lens, the laser is shaped by the field lens and is emitted outwards through the plurality of light emitting parts of the light emitting surface, and the laser emitted outwards is a plurality of annular light spots which are sequentially nested from inside to outside. Furthermore, when the multiple annular light spots hit the ignition positions of the combustion chamber, the overall area is large, and the number of the ignition positions is large. Therefore, the situation that materials in the cylinder are damaged due to the fact that the light spot energy density is too concentrated due to the small light spot area can be prevented, the ignition success rate can be increased due to the large ignition area, fuel can be fully combusted, and therefore the fuel utilization rate is increased, and emission of harmful substances is reduced.

Description

Laser ignition device, laser guidance assembly and internal combustion engine Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of laser ignition technology, and in particular to a laser ignition device, a laser guiding component, and an internal combustion engine. Background Technology

[0002] With the escalating global energy crisis and heightened environmental awareness, laser ignition technology has emerged. Its application stems from the need to overcome the bottlenecks of traditional spark plug ignition technology, environmental policy pressures, and the exploration of pathways to improve the efficiency of internal combustion engines. Laser ignition boasts an energy conversion rate five orders of magnitude higher than traditional spark plugs, generating plasmas with higher energy density and significantly improving ignition stability. Furthermore, laser ignition allows for free adjustment of ignition position, energy, and timing to achieve the optimal combustion path. This provides technical support for clean power solutions such as lean combustion and hydrogen engines, while aligning with the automotive industry's strategic goal of low-carbon transformation.

[0003] Laser ignition technology, a related field, utilizes a high-energy-density laser spot to ignite fuel. The specific process includes the following steps: Focusing the laser beam: A lens system focuses the laser beam onto a very small point, forming a high-power-density spot. Ignition of the fuel: When the laser spot irradiates the fuel surface, the high power density is sufficient to bring the fuel to its ignition point, thus igniting it. Controlling the ignition process: By precisely controlling the position and size of the laser spot, the ignition process can be precisely controlled.

[0004] However, when the power density of the laser spot is high, it is easy to generate local high temperature, which may change the properties of the materials in the cylinder (such as coating deterioration); when the power density of the laser spot is low, it is easy to reduce the ignition success rate, and the fuel may be incompletely burned, resulting in fuel waste and harmful emissions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a laser ignition device, a laser guiding component, and an internal combustion engine that can avoid damage to cylinder materials, improve ignition success rate, and achieve complete fuel combustion, thereby improving fuel utilization and reducing harmful emissions.

[0006] On one hand, this application provides a laser guiding component, including:

[0007] casing;

[0008] A light guide, used to conduct laser light emitted by a laser, is inserted into the sleeve; and

[0009] A field lens is installed on the sleeve and is located in front of the light guide. The light-emitting surface of the field lens has multiple light-emitting parts arranged in a ring shape and nested from the inside to the outside.

[0010] In one embodiment, the light-emitting surface is provided with a plurality of protrusions that protrude in a direction away from the light guide, the protrusions being arranged in an annular shape, and each light-emitting portion being disposed on a corresponding protrusion.

[0011] In one embodiment, the laser guiding assembly further includes a protective lens mounted on the sleeve and positioned in front of the field lens.

[0012] In one embodiment, the laser guiding assembly further includes a protective cover connected to the sleeve, the protective cover covering the protective lens, and the protective cover having a light-transmitting portion located in front of the protective lens, the light-transmitting portion being arranged opposite to the protective lens.

[0013] In one embodiment, the protective cover is further provided with a reflective part located in front of the protective lens. The reflective part is used to reflect the peripheral light spot emitted by the field lens onto the surface of the protective lens; the reflective part is arranged close to the side wall of the protective cover.

[0014] In one embodiment, the reflective portion is arranged circumferentially around the light-transmitting portion; and / or, the reflective portion is configured as an arcuate surface or an inclined surface arranged at an angle to the protective lens.

[0015] In one embodiment, the field lens has a first flange on its outer periphery, and the protective lens has a second flange on its outer periphery; the laser guiding assembly further includes a support sleeve, which is sleeved on the field lens and abuts between the first flange and the second flange; the protective lens and the field lens are spaced apart along the axial direction of the sleeve; the protective cover and the second flange abut against each other along the axial direction.

[0016] In one embodiment, the laser guiding assembly further includes a protective sleeve that passes through the sleeve and is also fitted over the outside of the light guide; the protective sleeve is a sleeve made of ceramic material; and / or,

[0017] The sleeve is detachably disposed in the cylinder block of the internal combustion engine, and the laser guiding assembly further includes an auxiliary disassembly component connected to the sleeve.

[0018] On the other hand, this application provides a laser ignition device, which includes a laser and the laser guiding component, wherein the laser is used to emit laser light to the guiding component.

[0019] In another aspect, this application provides an internal combustion engine, which includes the aforementioned laser ignition device.

[0020] In the aforementioned laser ignition device, laser guidance assembly, and internal combustion engine, the light guide conducts the laser emitted by the laser to the field lens. The laser is shaped by the field lens and emitted outwards through multiple light-emitting sections on the light-emitting surface. The emitted laser consists of multiple annular light spots arranged nested from the inside out. Furthermore, when these multiple annular light spots strike the ignition points in the combustion chamber, the overall area is large, and the ignition points are dispersed and numerous. This not only prevents damage to the cylinder materials caused by excessively concentrated energy density due to a small light spot area, but also improves the ignition success rate due to the large ignition area, and ensures complete fuel combustion, thereby improving fuel efficiency and reducing harmful emissions. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a laser guiding assembly according to an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 2 is an enlarged structural diagram of point A in Figure 1.

[0023] Figure 3 is an enlarged structural diagram of point B in Figure 1.

[0024] Figure 4 is a structural diagram of multiple annular light spots formed by a laser guiding component according to an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 5 is an exploded structural diagram of a laser guiding assembly according to an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 6 is a structural diagram of the field mirror in the laser guiding assembly shown in Figure 5.

[0027] Figure 7 is a structural diagram of the protective cover in the laser guiding assembly shown in Figure 5.

[0028] Figure 8 is a structural diagram of the light guide component in the laser guiding assembly shown in Figure 5.

[0029] Figure 9 is an enlarged structural diagram of point C in Figure 8.

[0030] 10. Laser guiding assembly; 11. Sleeve; 12. Light guide; 13. Field lens; 131. Light emitting part; 132. Protrusion; 133. First flange; 14. Protective lens; 141. Second flange; 15. Protective cover; 151. Light transmitting part; 152. Reflective part; 153. Side wall; 154. Cover plate; 16. Support sleeve; 17. Protective sleeve; 171. Positioning recess; 18. Auxiliary disassembly part; 20. Annular light spot. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0032] It should be noted that in this embodiment, "front" and "rear" are both based on the ignition position, with the part closer to the ignition position being "front" and the part farther from the ignition position being "rear".

[0033] Referring to Figures 1 and 5, Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional structural view of a laser guiding assembly 10 according to an embodiment of this application, and Figure 5 shows an exploded structural view of a laser guiding assembly 10 according to an embodiment of this application. An embodiment of this application provides a laser guiding assembly 10, including a sleeve 11, a light guide 12, and a field lens 13. The light guide 12 is used to conduct laser light emitted by a laser, and the light guide 12 passes through the sleeve 11.

[0034] Please refer to Figures 2, 4 and 6. The field lens 13 is installed on the sleeve 11 and is located in front of the light guide 12. The light-emitting surface of the field lens 13 is provided with a plurality of light-emitting parts 131 arranged in a ring shape and nested from the inside to the outside.

[0035] In use, the aforementioned laser guiding assembly 10 guides the laser emitted by the laser generator to the field lens 13 via the light guide 12. The laser is shaped by the field lens 13 and emitted outwards through multiple light-emitting sections 131 on the light-emitting surface. The emitted laser consists of multiple annular light spots 20 arranged nested from the inside out. Furthermore, when these multiple annular light spots 20 strike the ignition points in the combustion chamber, the overall area is large, resulting in a dispersed and numerous ignition points. This not only prevents damage to cylinder materials due to excessively concentrated energy density caused by a small light spot area, but also improves the ignition success rate due to the large ignition area, and ensures complete fuel combustion, thereby improving fuel utilization and reducing harmful emissions.

[0036] It should be noted that regardless of whether the fuel is gas, flammable liquid or flammable solid, when multiple annular light spots 20 are continuously or pulsedly irradiated onto the fuel, multi-point ignition and synchronous ignition can be achieved. That is, the ignition area is large and the annular light spots 20 are widely dispersed, which can improve the ignition success rate and ensure complete combustion of the fuel with a high utilization rate.

[0037] Among them, the multiple annular light spots 20 emitted outward by the field lens 13 include, but are not limited to, two, three, four, five or more. The specific number is not limited here and can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs.

[0038] In this embodiment, there are three annular light spots 20, as shown in Figure 4. These three annular light spots 20 correspond to three different positions of the piston in the combustion chamber. One annular light spot 20 is located at the center of the piston, another at the edge, and the third between the center and the edge. Ignition occurs at the center, edge, and between these three positions, resulting in a large ignition area. This not only avoids excessive localized temperature rise due to concentrated light spots but also improves the ignition success rate, ensuring complete fuel combustion. Furthermore, the limited number of annular light spots 20 avoids an increase in laser power, resulting in lower energy consumption and energy savings.

[0039] To facilitate the outward emission of the laser through the light-emitting section 131, the light-emitting section 131 is polished to form a bright surface, through which the laser can be emitted outward. Furthermore, the portion of the light-emitting surface other than the light-emitting section 131, that is, the area between any two adjacent light-emitting sections 131, is set as a rough surface. This rough surface, also called a frosted surface, prevents the laser from passing through, thereby reducing the power of the laser.

[0040] It should be noted that the shapes of each light-emitting part 131 can be consistent or different. There is no limitation here. They can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs, and all of them are within the protection scope of this application.

[0041] Optionally, the shape of the light-emitting part 131 may include, but is not limited to, a ring, a polygon, or other irregular shapes. The specific shape can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs, and is not limited here.

[0042] The shape of the light-emitting part 131 determines the shape of the corresponding annular light spot 20. When the shape of the light-emitting part 131 is set to a ring, the shape of the annular light spot 20 is set to a ring. When the shape of the light-emitting part 131 is set to a polygon, the shape of the annular light spot 20 is set to a polygon.

[0043] The light-emitting part 131 can be configured as either a closed ring or a non-closed ring, and there is no limitation on it, both of which are within the protection scope of this application.

[0044] Referring to Figures 2 and 6, for example, the light-emitting surface has a plurality of protrusions 132 that protrude in a direction away from the light guide 12. The protrusions 132 are arranged in a ring shape, and each light-emitting part 131 is correspondingly disposed on each protrusion 132. In this way, compared to making the entire light-emitting surface planar, the protrusions 132 serve to focus the laser, thereby relatively reducing the power of the laser and saving energy.

[0045] It should be noted that the "protrusion 132" in this embodiment can be a part of the field lens 13, that is, the "protrusion 132" is integrally formed with the other parts of the field lens 13; or it can be an independent component that can be separated from the other parts of the field lens 13, that is, the "protrusion 132" can be manufactured independently and then combined with the other parts of the field lens 13 to form a whole.

[0046] During the combustion process of fuel in the combustion chamber, various pollutants such as dust are inevitably generated. When these pollutants come into contact with the light-emitting surface of the field mirror 13, they will adhere to the light-emitting part 131, causing the light-emitting part 131 to become opaque and resulting in ignition failure.

[0047] Referring to Figures 1, 2, and 5, the laser guiding assembly 10, for example, also includes a protective lens 14. The protective lens 14 is mounted on the sleeve 11 and is located in front of the field lens 13. Thus, the protective lens 14 can isolate the fuel, effectively preventing contamination of the field lens 13, ensuring the performance of the field lens 13, and also isolating it from high temperatures, extending the service life of the field lens 13.

[0048] Referring to Figures 1, 2, and 5, the laser guiding assembly 10, as an example, also includes a protective cover 15. The protective cover 15 is connected to the sleeve 11 and covers the protective lens 14. The protective cover 15 has a light-transmitting portion 151 located in front of the protective lens 14, and the light-transmitting portion 151 is arranged opposite to the protective lens 14. Thus, the protective cover 15 protects the protective lens 14, reducing the risk of damage to the protective lens 14. Furthermore, the annular light spot 20 can be emitted outwards through the protective lens 14 and the light-transmitting portion 151.

[0049] For example, the light-transmitting portion 151 includes, but is not limited to, a light-transmitting hole formed on the protective cover 15. This facilitates the formation of the light-transmitting portion 151 on the protective cover 15. Moreover, the protective cover 15 can be made of a non-transparent material, such as a metal material, thereby providing high temperature resistance, high structural strength, and good protective performance.

[0050] Of course, as one of the alternative options, the light-transmitting part 151 can also be made of a high-temperature resistant light-transmitting material.

[0051] Referring to Figures 2 and 7, the protective cover 15 is, for example, also provided with a reflective part 152. The reflective part 152 is located in front of the protective lens 14 and is used to reflect the peripheral light spot emitted from the field lens 13 onto the surface of the protective lens 14. The reflective part 152 is arranged close to the side wall 153 of the protective cover 15. Thus, a portion of the light spot emitted from the light-emitting surface of the field lens 13 enters the combustion chamber forward through the light-transmitting part 151, while another portion of the light spot, such as the peripheral light spot, enters the reflective part 152 and can be reflected by the reflective part 152 onto the surface of the protective lens 14. This effectively cleans contaminants on the protective lens 14, ensuring that the protective lens 14 is clean and that the light spot can be emitted normally through the protective lens 14, effectively preventing contaminants from remaining on the surface of the protective lens 14 and causing ignition failure. In addition, the reflective part 152 is arranged close to the side wall 153 of the protective cover 15, that is, at the edge of the protective lens 14, so as to avoid most of the light spot. Most of the light spot can be emitted outward through the light-transmitting part 151, ensuring the success rate of ignition.

[0052] Based on the aforementioned embodiments, the reflective part 152 can be a glossy surface disposed on the inner wall of the protective cover 15, a reflective element disposed on the inner wall of the protective cover 15, or any other structural form capable of achieving reflection. Among them, the reflective element includes, but is not limited to, reflective coatings or reflective lenses.

[0053] For example, the reflective portion 152 may include, but is not limited to, a circumferential arrangement surrounding the light-transmitting portion 151. In this way, when the outermost at least one or two rings of light spots are incident on the annular reflective portion 152, they can be reflected by the reflective portion 152 to the protective lens 14. The area of ​​the light spot reflected to the surface of the protective lens 14 is relatively large, thereby achieving a better cleaning effect.

[0054] For example, the reflective part 152 may include, but is not limited to, being configured as an arcuate surface or as an inclined surface configured at an angle to the protective lens 14.

[0055] For example, the protective cover 15 includes a sidewall 153 and a cover plate 154 connected to the sidewall 153. The sidewall 153 is sleeved on the sleeve 11 and detachably connected to the sleeve 11, and the specific connection method includes, but is not limited to, threaded connection, snap-fit, or riveting. In addition, the cover plate 154 is located in front of the protective lens 14, and a light-transmitting part 151 is formed on the cover plate 154. A reflective part 152 is disposed on the inner wall of the cover plate 154 and is disposed, for example, circumferentially around the light-transmitting part 151.

[0056] Referring to Figure 2, for example, the protective lens 14 and the field lens 13 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the sleeve 11. In this way, the space provides room for thermal expansion and contraction of the field lens 13 under high temperature conditions, preventing the field lens 13 from damaging the protective lens 14 due to thermal expansion and compression.

[0057] Based on the aforementioned embodiments, the field lens 13 has a first flange 133 on its outer periphery, and the protective lens 14 has a second flange 141 on its outer periphery. The laser guiding assembly 10 also includes a support sleeve 16, which is sleeved on the field lens 13 and abuts against the first flange 133 and the second flange 141. Under the abutting action of the support sleeve 16, the protective lens 14 and the field lens 13 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the sleeve 11. The protective cover 15 abuts against the second flange 141 along the axial direction.

[0058] For example, the sleeve 11 has a first thread, the inner wall of the protective cover 15 has a second thread, and the outer wall of the support sleeve 16 has a third thread. Both the first and third threads are compatible with the second thread, thus enabling the sleeve 11, the protective cover 15, and the support sleeve 16 to be detachably assembled together. Under the fixing effect of the protective cover 15, the support sleeve 16, the field lens 13, and the protective lens 14 are all securely installed at the front end of the sleeve 11 and are all housed within the protective cover 15, protected by it.

[0059] Please refer to Figures 1, 2 and 5. For example, the light guide 12 may be configured as a column.

[0060] Please refer to Figures 2, 8, and 9. For example, the front end face of the protective sleeve 17 has a positioning recess 171, which matches the rear wall of the field lens 13. The field lens 13 is installed in the positioning recess 171. This improves the installation stability of the field lens 13.

[0061] Referring to Figures 2 and 6, the laser guiding assembly 10, by example, also includes a protective sleeve 17. The protective sleeve 17 passes through the sleeve 11 and is also fitted over the outside of the light guide 12. In this way, the protective sleeve 17 allows the light guide 12 to be stably disposed within the sleeve 11 and also serves to protect the light guide 12.

[0062] Based on the aforementioned embodiments, the protective sleeve 17 is made of ceramic material. Thus, the protective sleeve 17 is heat-resistant, not easily damaged, and also has a heat dissipation and cooling function.

[0063] The materials of the light guide 12 and the field lens 13 can be set according to actual needs. In one embodiment, the light guide 12 and the field lens 13 are made of quartz material, which can withstand high temperatures and extend service life.

[0064] The sleeve 11 acts as a base, supporting various components such as the light guide 12, field lens 13, protective lens 14, and support sleeve 16. By installing the sleeve 11 into the cylinder block of the internal combustion engine, the laser guiding assembly 10 can be installed on the cylinder block of the internal combustion engine.

[0065] For example, the sleeve 11 is detachably mounted to the cylinder block of an internal combustion engine. Optionally, the outer wall of the sleeve 11 is provided with a fourth thread, and the cylinder block is provided with a mounting hole, such as a threaded hole. The fourth thread is adapted to the mounting hole. In this way, the sleeve 11 can be quickly mounted and dismounted from the cylinder block of the internal combustion engine.

[0066] Referring to Figures 1 and 3, based on the aforementioned embodiments, the laser guiding assembly 10 further includes an auxiliary disassembly component 18. The auxiliary disassembly component 18 is connected to the sleeve 11. Optionally, the auxiliary disassembly component 18 may be configured as an auxiliary sleeve, which is fitted over the sleeve 11 and, for example, snap-fits into the sleeve 11, thereby achieving a fixed connection to the outside of the sleeve 11. The auxiliary sleeve may have protective grooves, allowing it to be easily removed by rotation.

[0067] Please refer to Figures 1 and 5 again. On the other hand, this application also provides a laser ignition device, which includes a laser and a laser guiding component 10 of any of the above embodiments. The laser is used to emit laser light to the guiding component.

[0068] In the aforementioned laser ignition device, during use, the light guide 12 conducts the laser emitted by the laser to the field lens 13. The laser is shaped by the field lens 13 and emitted outward through multiple light-emitting sections 131 on the light-emitting surface. The emitted laser consists of multiple annular light spots 20 arranged nested from the inside out. Furthermore, when these multiple annular light spots 20 strike the ignition position in the combustion chamber, the overall area is large, and the ignition positions are dispersed and numerous. This not only prevents damage to the cylinder materials due to excessively concentrated energy density caused by a small light spot area, but also improves the ignition success rate due to the large ignition area, and ensures complete fuel combustion, thereby improving fuel utilization and reducing harmful emissions.

[0069] Please refer to Figures 1 and 5 again. In another aspect, this application also provides an internal combustion engine, which includes the laser ignition device of any of the above embodiments.

[0070] In the aforementioned internal combustion engine, during operation, the light guide 12 guides the laser emitted by the laser to the field mirror 13. The laser is shaped by the field mirror 13 and emitted outward through multiple light-emitting sections 131 on the light-emitting surface. The emitted laser consists of multiple annular light spots 20 arranged nested from the inside out. Furthermore, when these multiple annular light spots 20 strike the ignition points in the combustion chamber, the overall area is large, and the ignition points are dispersed and numerous. This not only prevents damage to the cylinder materials due to excessively concentrated energy density caused by a small light spot area, but also improves the ignition success rate due to the large ignition area, and ensures complete fuel combustion, thereby improving fuel utilization and reducing harmful emissions.

[0071] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0072] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0073] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0074] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0075] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0076] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0077] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A laser guiding assembly, characterized in that, include: A sleeve; a light guide for conducting laser light emitted by a laser, the light guide being inserted into the sleeve; and a field lens, the field lens being installed in the sleeve, the field lens being located in front of the light guide, the light emitting surface of the field lens having a plurality of light emitting parts arranged in a ring shape and nested from the inside to the outside.

2. The laser guiding assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-emitting surface is provided with a plurality of protrusions that protrude in a direction away from the light guide. The protrusions are arranged in a ring shape, and each light-emitting part is correspondingly disposed on each of the protrusions.

3. The laser guiding assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser guiding assembly also includes a protective lens, which is mounted on the sleeve and located in front of the field lens.

4. The laser guiding assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The laser guiding assembly also includes a protective cover, which is connected to the sleeve and covers the protective lens. The protective cover has a light-transmitting part located in front of the protective lens, and the light-transmitting part is arranged opposite to the protective lens.

5. The laser guiding assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The protective cover is also provided with a reflective part, which is located in front of the protective lens. The reflective part is used to reflect the peripheral light spot emitted by the field lens to the surface of the protective lens; the reflective part is arranged close to the side wall of the protective cover.

6. The laser guiding assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that, The reflective portion is arranged circumferentially around the light-transmitting portion; and / or, the reflective portion is configured as an arc-shaped surface or an inclined surface arranged at an angle to the protective lens.

7. The laser guiding assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The field lens has a first flange on its outer periphery, and the protective lens has a second flange on its outer periphery; the laser guiding assembly also includes a support sleeve, which is sleeved on the field lens and abuts between the first flange and the second flange; the protective lens and the field lens are spaced apart along the axial direction of the sleeve; the protective cover and the second flange abut against each other along the axial direction.

8. The laser guiding assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser guiding assembly further includes a protective sleeve that passes through the sleeve and is also fitted over the outside of the light guide; the protective sleeve is a sleeve made of ceramic material; and / or, the sleeve is detachably mounted on the cylinder block of the internal combustion engine, and the laser guiding assembly further includes an auxiliary disassembly component connected to the sleeve.

9. A laser ignition device, characterized in that, The laser ignition device includes a laser and a laser guiding component as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the laser is used to emit laser light to the light guide.

10. An internal combustion engine, characterized in that, The internal combustion engine includes the laser ignition device as described in claim 9.

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