Intelligent induction type seat cask lighting device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an intelligent induction type seat cask lighting device, which relates to the technical field of electric vehicles and comprises a permanent magnet, a Hall sensor and a lighting lamp control module, the Hall sensor and the permanent magnet are spatially aligned in the opening and closing direction of the seat cushion, and the permanent magnet changes along with the relative distance between the opening and closing angle of the seat cushion and the Hall sensor. The Hall sensor is used for detecting opening and closing states of the seat cushion; and the illuminating lamp control module is used for controlling on and off of the illuminating lamp group according to the state detection signal output by the Hall sensor. A non-contact inductive switch formed by a Hall sensor and a permanent magnet is adopted, a zero-abrasion structure is achieved, the service life is greatly prolonged, and the environmental adaptability is greatly improved.

Description

A smart sensor-activated bucket lighting device Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electric vehicle technology, and in particular to an intelligent sensor-activated seat lighting device. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing popularity of electric vehicles, the design of their functional components is gradually upgrading towards intelligence. Among these, the seat lighting, as an important function for improving user experience, still commonly uses traditional mechanical switches or infrared sensor control technology. However, due to the complex application scenarios of electric vehicles (such as frequent vibrations, large humidity fluctuations, and high temperature differences), existing seat lighting technology has revealed significant technical shortcomings in practical use, specifically in the following aspects:

[0003] 1. Mechanical switches are widely used due to their low cost. However, the daily opening and closing frequency of electric vehicle seat compartments or delivery boxes is significantly higher than in ordinary household scenarios (e.g., delivery vehicles open and close more than 30 times a day). The metal contacts and springs of mechanical switches are prone to metal fatigue under long-term reciprocating stress, resulting in an average mechanical lifespan of only 10,000 to 15,000 cycles. This short mechanical structure lifespan necessitates frequent maintenance and replacement. Furthermore, electric vehicle seat compartments are often exposed to rainwater infiltration and frequent opening and closing (leading to decreased sealing), making the internal switch contacts and circuits susceptible to oxidation and short circuits due to moisture corrosion. Experimental data shows that after three months of continuous use in an environment with humidity greater than 85%, the failure rate of mechanical switches reaches as high as 42%.

[0004] 2. To improve the convenience of non-contact operation, some high-end models use infrared sensors to control lighting. However, due to limitations in technical principles, ambient temperature interference leads to a high false trigger rate. Infrared sensors trigger signals by detecting the temperature difference between the human body and the environment. However, in hot summers or after the vehicle has been exposed to the sun (the temperature inside the seat can reach over 50°C), the radiant heat from the human body is close to that of the environment, causing the detector's sensitivity to decrease and the false detection rate to be as high as 35% to 50%.

[0005] The traditional mechanical switches and infrared sensing technologies mentioned above, due to their inherent defects such as short mechanical lifespan and poor environmental adaptability, can no longer meet the core requirement of high reliability for electric vehicle seat lighting. The electric vehicle industry urgently needs a solution that integrates new sensing technologies and optimizes structural sealing to overcome existing technological bottlenecks. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the above-mentioned problems and technical requirements, the inventors have proposed an intelligent sensor-activated toilet seat lighting device.

[0007] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0008] A smart sensor-activated bucket seat lighting device includes:

[0009] A permanent magnet fixed to the side of the seat cushion facing the seat bucket;

[0010] A Hall sensor fixed to the seat bucket is used to detect the opening and closing status of the seat cushion;

[0011] The lighting control module, fixed to the seat bucket, is used to control the lighting group to turn on and off based on the status detection signal output by the Hall sensor;

[0012] The Hall sensor and the permanent magnet are spatially aligned along the opening and closing direction of the seat cushion, and the relative distance between the permanent magnet and the Hall sensor changes with the opening and closing angle of the seat cushion.

[0013] A further technical solution is that the lighting control module includes a control circuit board and lighting units distributed on the board, with the Hall sensor integrated with the control circuit board and lighting units inside a housing.

[0014] A further technical solution is that the sensing surface of the Hall sensor is close to the top of the housing, the control circuit board and the lighting assembly on it are fixed at the position where a transparent cover is opened on the side wall of the housing, the light of the lighting assembly shines into the seat bucket through the transparent cover, and the lead wire of the control circuit board runs out from the bottom of the housing and connects to the vehicle power supply.

[0015] A further technical solution involves filling the gap between the Hall sensor, the control circuit board, and the housing with epoxy resin to form a sealing layer with a thickness of not less than 1 mm. The sealing layer serves to dissipate heat and provide waterproofing.

[0016] A further technical solution involves installing a permanent magnet on the seat guide groove at the hinge between the seat cushion and the seat base, and installing the housing on the base guide groove at the hinge between the seat cushion and the seat base via the hooks on its top, with the seat guide groove and the base guide groove precisely aligned.

[0017] A further technical solution is that the control circuit board integrates a step-down circuit and a drive circuit;

[0018] The input terminal of the step-down circuit and the anode of the lighting assembly are connected to the vehicle power supply, and a diode is connected in series to prevent reverse connection. The output terminal of the step-down circuit outputs the converted preset voltage to power the Hall sensor.

[0019] The control terminal of the drive circuit is connected to the status detection signal output by the Hall sensor, the first terminal of the drive circuit is connected to the cathode of the lighting lamp group, and the second terminal of the drive circuit is grounded.

[0020] When the lighting assembly forms a circuit with the drive circuit, the lights of the lighting assembly are turned on; otherwise, the lights of the lighting assembly are turned off.

[0021] A further technical solution is that the driving circuit includes first to fourth resistors, and first and second transistors, wherein:

[0022] The base of the first transistor is connected to the voltage divider of the first voltage divider circuit, which is composed of the first resistor and the second resistor. The first terminal of the first voltage divider circuit is connected to the output terminal of the Hall sensor as the control terminal of the drive circuit. The collector of the first transistor is connected to the voltage divider of the second voltage divider circuit, which is composed of the third resistor and the fourth resistor. The first terminal of the second voltage divider circuit is connected to the vehicle power supply. The second terminal of the second voltage divider circuit is connected to the base of the second transistor. The collector of the second transistor is the first terminal of the drive circuit. The emitters of the first and second transistors and the second terminal of the first voltage divider circuit are the second terminal of the drive circuit.

[0023] When the status detection signal is high, the first transistor is turned on and the second transistor is turned off, and at this time the second transistor and the lighting group are not connected. When the status detection signal is low, the first transistor is turned off and the second transistor is turned on, and at this time the second transistor and the lighting group are connected.

[0024] The further technical solution is that the Hall sensor uses the magnetic field strength when the relative distance between it and the permanent magnet is no more than 5 mm as the first threshold, and the magnetic field strength when the relative distance between it and the permanent magnet is no less than 20 mm as the second threshold.

[0025] When the Hall sensor detects a change in the magnetic field that reaches the first threshold, it outputs a high-level signal, indicating that the seat cushion is in a closed state. When the Hall sensor detects a change in the magnetic field that is less than the second threshold, it outputs a low-level signal, indicating that the seat cushion is in an open state with an opening angle greater than 15°.

[0026] A further technical solution is that the device includes:

[0027] A permanent magnet is fixed to the side of the seat cushion facing the bucket, and is installed at a specific tilt angle;

[0028] An anisotropic magnetoresistive sensor fixed to the seat bucket is used to detect the opening and closing state of the seat cushion;

[0029] The lighting control module, fixed to the inner wall of the seat bucket, is used to control the lighting group to turn on and off based on the status detection signal output by the anisotropic magnetoresistive sensor.

[0030] When the seat cushion is closed, the sensitive axis of the anisotropic magnetoresistive sensor is aligned with the direction of the permanent magnet's magnetic field, and the direction of the permanent magnet's magnetic field vector changes with the opening and closing angle of the seat cushion.

[0031] A further technical solution is that when the anisotropic magnetoresistive sensor detects a magnetic field vector direction deviation greater than a certain angle, the output status detection signal is a low-level signal, at which time the seat cushion is in the open state; otherwise, the output status detection signal is a high-level signal, at which time the seat cushion is in the closed state.

[0032] The beneficial technical effects of this utility model are:

[0033] (1) Resolving the contradictions of traditional mechanical switch technology

[0034] This non-contact inductive switch, utilizing a Hall effect sensor and a permanent magnet, achieves a zero-wear structure and significantly extends its lifespan. The non-contact inductive switch boasts a lifespan exceeding 200,000 cycles, 13 times longer than traditional mechanical switches. Furthermore, the sensor and lighting control module are integrated into a housing, with epoxy resin filling providing waterproof protection. This achieves an overall IP67 waterproof rating, a 300% improvement over the IPX4 rating of traditional mechanical switches, eliminating the impact of high humidity environments (humidity > 85%) on the switch and achieving zero-humidity sensitive faults.

[0035] (2) Environmental adaptability has been greatly improved

[0036] Hall effect switches, based on the principle of magnetic flux change, eliminate the sensitivity defects of infrared temperature difference and maintain a detection accuracy of ±1% in an environment ranging from -40℃ to 85℃, reducing the false negative rate from 50% to 0.2%. By setting the trigger threshold of the Hall sensor, the lighting is turned on when the seat opening angle is greater than 15°, reducing the required range of motion by 50% compared to traditional solutions.

[0037] (3) Magnetoresistive sensing directional triggering technology

[0038] Using an anisotropic magnetoresistive sensor instead of a Hall sensor and a permanent magnet to form a non-contact inductive switch can achieve the same effects as points (1) and (2) above. The directional sensitivity of the anisotropic magnetoresistive sensor can distinguish between manual opening and closing of the seat cushion and vibration interference, and its resistance to lateral magnetic fields is 3 times higher than that of the Hall sensor. It also supports asymmetrical installation, meaning that the magnet and the magnetoresistive sensor do not need to be strictly aligned like Hall elements, reducing the assembly burden. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the intelligent sensor-activated bucket lighting device provided in this application on an electric vehicle.

[0040] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the integrated assembly of the Hall sensor and the lighting control module provided in this application.

[0041] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the circuit integrated within the control circuit board provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Example 1:

[0044] This embodiment provides an intelligent sensor-activated seat bucket lighting device, as shown in Figure 1. The device includes a permanent magnet 1, a Hall sensor, and a lighting control module. The permanent magnet 1 is fixed to the side of the electric vehicle seat cushion 2 facing the seat bucket 3. The Hall sensor and the lighting control module are integrated within a sealed housing 4, which is fixed to the seat bucket 3. The installation position requires that the Hall sensor and the permanent magnet 1 be spatially aligned along the opening and closing direction of the seat cushion 2. The Hall sensor detects the opening and closing state of the seat cushion 2 based on the principle of magnetic flux change and outputs a corresponding state detection signal to the lighting control module, thereby controlling the on / off state of the lighting.

[0045] In this embodiment, the permanent magnet 1 is specifically installed on the seat guide groove at the hinge 6 between the seat cushion 2 and the seat base 5. The permanent magnet 1 rotates with the seat cushion 2 around the hinge 6, moving closer to or further away from the Hall sensor, causing a change in their relative distance. The housing 4 can be made of plastic and is mounted on the base guide groove at the hinge 6 between the seat cushion 2 and the seat base 5 via hooks on its top. The seat guide groove and the base guide groove are precisely aligned, with an offset tolerance of less than 5mm, ensuring the accurate installation of the Hall sensor and the permanent magnet 1. The top of the housing 4 faces the movement trajectory of the permanent magnet, and the lighting assembly on the side wall of the housing 4 shines through the window provided in the seat base 5, directing light into the interior of the seat 3.

[0046] In this embodiment, the permanent magnet 1 is made of neodymium iron boron, and the Hall sensor is a normally closed type with an operating voltage between 4.5V and 30V. Before practical application, the Hall sensor needs to preset threshold conditions. The first threshold is the magnetic field strength when the relative distance between the Hall sensor and the permanent magnet 1 is no more than 5mm, and the second threshold is the magnetic field strength when the relative distance between the Hall sensor and the permanent magnet 1 is no less than 20mm. When the Hall sensor detects a change in magnetic field that reaches the first threshold, it outputs a high-level signal, indicating that the seat cushion is in a closed state. When the Hall sensor detects a change in magnetic field that is less than the second threshold, it outputs a low-level signal, indicating that the seat cushion is in an open state with an opening angle greater than 15°.

[0047] As shown in Figure 2, the lighting control module includes a control circuit board 7 and a lighting assembly 8, which are integrally assembled with the Hall sensor 9 inside the housing 4. Specifically, the sensing surface of the Hall sensor 9 is in close contact with the top of the housing 4. A mounting lug 10 is also provided on the top of the housing 4. The control circuit board 7 and the lighting assembly 8 are fixed to a location on the side wall of the housing 4 where a transparent cover 11 is provided. The Hall sensor 9 and the control circuit board 7 are orthogonally arranged. The light from the lighting assembly 8 shines through the transparent cover 11 into the interior of the seat bucket 3. The lead wire 12 of the control circuit board 7 passes through the bottom of the housing 4 and connects to the vehicle's power supply (e.g., 48V-72V). To improve the protection level of the device, epoxy resin is filled into the gaps between the Hall sensor 9, the control circuit board 7, and the housing 4 to form a sealing layer with a thickness of not less than 1mm. This sealing layer serves to dissipate heat and provide waterproofing, thus improving the waterproof level of the device to IP67. In this embodiment, the lighting assembly 8 is a group of high-brightness LEDs connected in series and arranged orderly on the board 7, providing soft and uniform light output.

[0048] The control circuit board integrates a step-down circuit and a drive circuit. The input terminal of the step-down circuit and the anode of the lighting assembly are connected to the vehicle's power supply. The output terminal of the step-down circuit outputs a converted preset voltage to power the Hall sensor. The control terminal of the drive circuit is connected to the status detection signal output by the Hall sensor. The first terminal of the drive circuit is connected to the cathode of the lighting assembly, and the second terminal is grounded. When the lighting assembly and the drive circuit form a circuit, the lights of the lighting assembly are turned on; otherwise, the lights are turned off.

[0049] In this embodiment, the step-down circuit is implemented based on the DC-DC converter chip U1 and its peripheral RC filter circuit. Chip U1 can convert the vehicle power supply DC48V~72V to 5V output. As shown in Figure 3, a diode D7 is connected in series between the vehicle power supply BAT and the input terminal of chip U1 to prevent reverse connection of the power supply. A 10μF electrolytic capacitor C3 is connected in parallel between the output terminal of chip U1 and ground to filter the output 5V voltage before supplying it to the power supply terminal of Hall sensor U2.

[0050] In this embodiment, the driving circuit is based on the first transistor Q1, the second transistor Q2, and the first to fourth resistors. Specifically, the base of Q1 is connected to the voltage divider of the first voltage divider circuit composed of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2. The first end of the first voltage divider circuit is connected to the output of the Hall sensor U2 as the control end of the driving circuit. The collector of Q1 is connected to the voltage divider of the second voltage divider circuit composed of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4. The first end of the second voltage divider circuit is connected to the vehicle power supply (connected to the cathode of the diode D7 in series). The second end of the second voltage divider circuit is connected to the base of Q2. The collector of Q2 is connected to the cathode of the lighting group D1 to D6 as the first end of the driving circuit. The emitters of Q1 and Q2 and the second end of the first voltage divider circuit are connected to GND as the second end of the driving circuit.

[0051] The driving circuit works as follows: When the seat is closed, the Hall effect sensor U2 outputs a high-level signal, at which point Q1 is turned on and Q2 is turned off. Q2 and the lighting assembly D1-D6 do not form a path, causing the lights to turn off. When the seat is open, the Hall effect sensor U2 outputs a low-level signal, at which point Q1 is turned off and Q2 is turned on. Q2 and the lighting assembly form a path, allowing the vehicle power supply BAT to illuminate the lights through the relevant circuitry.

[0052] Example 2:

[0053] This embodiment also provides an intelligent sensor-type bucket lighting device. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that an anisotropic magnetoresistive sensor (AMR) is used instead of a Hall sensor. The AMR's directional sensitivity can distinguish between manual opening / closing of the seat and vibration interference, and its resistance to lateral magnetic fields is three times higher than that of a Hall sensor. In addition, the permanent magnet 1 needs to be embedded at a specific tilt angle (45°±5°) into the side of the electric vehicle seat 2 facing the bucket 3. The structural assembly is the same as in Embodiment 1, that is, the AMR and the lighting control module are integrated into a sealed housing 4, which is fixed to the bucket 3. In this embodiment, the installation position of the AMR is less demanding than that of the Hall sensor, supporting asymmetrical installation of the AMR and permanent magnet 1. That is, the AMR and permanent magnet 1 do not need to be strictly spatially aligned; only that the sensitive axis of the AMR is aligned with the magnetic field direction of the permanent magnet when the seat 2 is closed. The AMR detects the opening / closing state of the seat 2 based on the principle of magnetic field vector direction change and outputs a corresponding state detection signal to the lighting control module, thereby controlling the lighting group's on / off state.

[0054] In this embodiment, the specific installation positions of the permanent magnet 1 and the housing 4, as well as the component layout inside the housing 4, can be referred to the installation diagrams shown in Figures 1 and 2 provided in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here. It should be noted that when the permanent magnet 1 rotates with the seat cushion 2 around the hinge 6 to approach or move away from the AMR, the direction of its magnetic field vector changes with the opening and closing angle of the seat cushion. When the AMR detects that the magnetic field vector direction deviates by more than a certain angle (such as 30°), the output status detection signal is a low-level signal, at which time the seat cushion is in the open state; otherwise, the output status detection signal is a high-level signal, at which time the seat cushion is in the closed state.

[0055] The control circuit board also integrates a step-down circuit and a drive circuit. The specific performance of the two circuits, their connection with the AMR, and their working principle can all be implemented with reference to the circuit structure shown in Figure 3 provided in Embodiment 1, and will not be described again here.

[0056] The above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of this application, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. It is understood that other improvements and variations that are directly derived or conceived by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and concept of the present invention should be considered to be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart sensor-activated bucket lighting device, characterized in that, include: A permanent magnet is fixed to the side of the seat cushion facing the seat bucket; a Hall sensor is fixed to the seat bucket to detect the opening and closing state of the seat cushion; a lighting control module is fixed to the seat bucket to control the lighting group to turn on and off according to the state detection signal output by the Hall sensor; the Hall sensor and the permanent magnet are spatially aligned along the opening and closing direction of the seat cushion, and the relative distance between the permanent magnet and the Hall sensor changes with the opening and closing angle of the seat cushion.

2. The intelligent sensor-activated toilet seat lighting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lighting control module includes a control circuit board and lighting units distributed on the board. The Hall sensor is integrally assembled with the control circuit board and the lighting units inside a housing.

3. The intelligent sensor-activated toilet seat lighting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sensing surface of the Hall sensor is in close contact with the top of the housing. The control circuit board and the lighting assembly thereon are fixed at the position where a transparent cover is opened on the side wall of the housing. The light from the lighting assembly shines into the inside of the seat bucket through the transparent cover. The lead wires of the control circuit board pass out from the bottom of the housing and are connected to the vehicle power supply.

4. The intelligent sensor-activated bucket lighting device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Epoxy resin is filled into the gap between the Hall sensor, the control circuit board and the housing to form a sealing layer with a thickness of not less than 1 mm. The sealing layer serves to dissipate heat and provide waterproofing.

5. The intelligent sensor-activated bucket lighting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The permanent magnet is installed on the seat cushion guide groove at the hinge of the seat cushion and the seat bucket base. The housing is installed on the base guide groove at the hinge of the seat cushion and the seat bucket base through the hook on its top. The seat cushion guide groove and the base guide groove are precisely aligned.

6. The intelligent sensor-activated bucket lighting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control circuit board integrates a step-down circuit and a drive circuit. The input terminal of the step-down circuit and the anode of the lighting group are connected to the vehicle power supply, and a diode is connected in series to prevent reverse connection. The output terminal of the step-down circuit outputs a converted preset voltage to power the Hall sensor. The control terminal of the drive circuit is connected to the status detection signal output by the Hall sensor. The first terminal of the drive circuit is connected to the cathode of the lighting group, and the second terminal of the drive circuit is grounded. When the lighting group and the drive circuit form a circuit, the lights of the lighting group are lit; otherwise, the lights of the lighting group are turned off.

7. The intelligent sensor-activated bucket lighting device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The driving circuit includes first to fourth resistors and first and second transistors, wherein: the base of the first transistor is connected to the voltage divider terminal of a first voltage divider circuit composed of the first and second resistors; the first terminal of the first voltage divider circuit serves as the control terminal of the driving circuit and is connected to the output terminal of the Hall sensor; the collector of the first transistor is connected to the voltage divider terminal of a second voltage divider circuit composed of the third and fourth resistors; the first terminal of the second voltage divider circuit is connected to the vehicle power supply; the second terminal of the second voltage divider circuit is connected to the base of the second transistor; the collector of the second transistor serves as the first terminal of the driving circuit; and the emitters of the first and second transistors and the second terminal of the first voltage divider circuit serve as the second terminal of the driving circuit. When the status detection signal is a high-level signal, the first transistor is turned on and the second transistor is turned off, at which time the second transistor and the lighting assembly do not form a path; when the status detection signal is a low-level signal, the first transistor is turned off and the second transistor is turned on, at which time the second transistor and the lighting assembly form a path.

8. The intelligent sensor-activated bucket lighting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Hall sensor uses the magnetic field strength at a relative distance of no more than 5 mm from the permanent magnet as a first threshold, and the magnetic field strength at a relative distance of no less than 20 mm from the permanent magnet as a second threshold. When the Hall sensor detects a change in the magnetic field that reaches the first threshold, it outputs a high-level signal, at which point the seat cushion is in a closed state. When the Hall sensor detects a change in the magnetic field that is less than the second threshold, it outputs a low-level signal, at which point the seat cushion's opening angle is greater than 15°, and it is in an open state.

9. The intelligent sensor-activated bucket lighting device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The device includes: a permanent magnet fixed to the side of the seat cushion facing the seat bucket, and installed at a specific tilt angle; an anisotropic magnetoresistive sensor fixed to the seat bucket for detecting the opening and closing state of the seat cushion; and a lighting control module fixed to the inner wall of the seat bucket for controlling the lighting group to turn on and off according to the state detection signal output by the anisotropic magnetoresistive sensor. When the seat cushion is in the closed state, the sensitive axis of the anisotropic magnetoresistive sensor is aligned with the magnetic field direction of the permanent magnet, and the magnetic field vector direction of the permanent magnet changes with the opening and closing angle of the seat cushion.

10. The intelligent sensor-activated toilet seat lighting device according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the anisotropic magnetoresistive sensor detects a magnetic field vector direction deviation greater than a certain angle, it outputs a low-level signal as the status detection signal, at which point the seat cushion is in the open state; otherwise, it outputs a high-level signal as the status detection signal, at which point the seat cushion is in the closed state.

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