Agaricus bisporus CO2 dynamic balance cultivation room based on corn straw matrix

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of cultivation rooms, in particular to an agaricus bisporus CO2 dynamic balance cultivation room based on a corn straw substrate, which comprises a cultivation box and a fixing frame. A plurality of sets of fixing frames used for storing and cultivating agaricus bisporus are installed in the cultivation box. According to the utility model, the CO2 concentration in the incubator is monitored in real time by adopting the concentration sensor, and data is transmitted to the electromagnetic valve to open the ventilation pipe for rapid ventilation, so that the CO2 concentration in the incubator is always in a suitable range, and the concentration fluctuation caused by untimely manual operation is avoided; the frequency of manual inspection and manual operation is reduced, meanwhile, an optimal growth environment is provided for the agaricus bisporus, growth of hyphae and development of sporocarp are promoted, the yield and quality are improved, and healthy growth of the agaricus bisporus is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cultivation chamber technology, and in particular to a CO2 dynamic balance cultivation chamber for button mushrooms based on corn straw substrate. Background Technology

[0002] Corn stalks, consisting of the stems, leaves, and cobs remaining after corn harvest, are a rich agricultural waste resource. my country is a major corn-producing country, generating a large amount of corn stalks annually; converting them into substrate is an effective way to reuse this resource. Button mushrooms are a common edible fungus, belonging to the phylum Basidiomycota, order Agaricales, family Tricholomataceae, and genus Agaricus. They are named for the pair of spores on their gills and caps. Button mushrooms are one of the most widely cultivated and consumed edible fungi globally, possessing high nutritional and economic value. Cultivation chambers are needed to provide a suitable environment for button mushroom growth; their design and function are intended to meet the requirements of button mushrooms during mycelial growth and fruiting body development, including temperature, humidity, ventilation, and light.

[0003] Meanwhile, existing cultivation rooms are usually ventilated manually. Since manual operation cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the real-time CO2 concentration, the CO2 concentration fluctuates greatly. Too high or too low CO2 concentration will affect its growth, hindering the growth of button mushrooms, inhibiting the growth of button mushroom mycelium and the development of fruiting bodies, and affecting the overall growth rate. Utility Model Content

[0004] To overcome the problem that existing cultivation chambers cannot be dynamically adjusted according to real-time CO2 concentration through manual operation, resulting in large fluctuations in CO2 concentration, and that excessively high or low CO2 concentrations will affect the growth of button mushrooms, thus hindering the growth of button mushroom mycelium and the development of fruiting bodies, and affecting the overall growth rate, this utility model provides a button mushroom CO2 dynamic balance cultivation chamber based on corn straw substrate.

[0005] The technical solution is as follows: A CO2 dynamic balance cultivation chamber for button mushrooms based on corn stalk substrate includes an incubator and fixed racks; multiple sets of fixed racks for storing and cultivating button mushrooms are installed inside the incubator; it also includes ventilation pipes, solenoid valves, concentration sensors, docking plates, heating rods, delivery pipes, substrate plates, spray strips, and sealing plates; two sets of ventilation pipes are fixed at the upper end of the incubator and are connected to the incubator; a nozzle is fixed at the end of the two sets of ventilation pipes away from the incubator; a solenoid valve is fixed at the outer end of the two sets of ventilation pipes; a control module is fixed at the rear end of the incubator; a concentration sensor is fixed at the upper end of the incubator on one side of the ventilation pipe; a detection head is fixed at the lower end of the concentration sensor inside the incubator; the solenoid valves and concentration sensors are electrically connected to the control module.

[0006] Furthermore, each of the multiple sets of fixing frames has a substrate board installed inside, and the substrate board is movably arranged along the inside of the fixing frame. Each of the multiple sets of fixing frames has a ventilation groove at its lower end.

[0007] Furthermore, the inner wall of the incubator is equipped with several sets of docking plates, the inner walls of which are fixed with heating rods, and one end of each set of docking plates is provided with a transmission cable. The docking plates are electrically connected to the control module.

[0008] Furthermore, several sets of delivery pipes are installed at the outer end of the incubator. These delivery pipes pass through the incubator and are connected to the fixed frame. A connector is fixed at the end of each delivery pipe away from the incubator.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner wall of the fixed frame is lined with spray strips, and several sets of atomizing heads are installed inside the spray strips. The spray strips are connected to the delivery pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper end of the substrate board is provided with multiple sets of locking blocks, and springs are provided between the multiple sets of locking blocks and the substrate board. The springs are equipped with spring rubber dampers inside. The upper end of the fixing frame is provided with a slot to accommodate the locking blocks. The substrate board is fixed to the fixing frame by locking the locking blocks.

[0011] Furthermore, a connecting frame is fixed to the outer wall of the incubator, and sealing plates are symmetrically installed at the outer ends of the connecting frame. A sliding groove is provided inside the connecting frame to accommodate the sliding of the sealing plates.

[0012] Furthermore, a transparent observation window is fixed inside the sealing plate, a sealing strip is fixed to the inner wall of the sealing plate, the sealing plate is fastened and sealed to the incubator through the sealing strip, and a pull rod is welded to the outer end of the sealing plate.

[0013] The beneficial effects are: This utility model realizes the real-time monitoring of CO2 concentration in the incubator by using a concentration sensor, and transmits the data to the solenoid valve to open the ventilation pipe for rapid ventilation, ensuring that the CO2 concentration inside the incubator is always within a suitable range, avoiding concentration fluctuations caused by untimely manual operation, reducing the frequency of manual inspection and operation, and providing the best growth environment for button mushrooms, promoting mycelial growth and fruiting body development, improving yield and quality, and ensuring the healthy growth of button mushrooms. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the CO2 dynamic balance cultivation chamber for button mushrooms based on corn straw substrate according to this utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the ventilation pipe of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the heating rod of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the substrate board of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sealing plate of this utility model.

[0019] In the attached diagram, the following are the reference numerals: 1. Incubator; 2. Fixing frame; 3. Ventilation pipe; 4. Solenoid valve; 5. Nozzle; 6. Control module; 7. Concentration sensor; 8. Detection head; 9. Connecting plate; 10. Heating rod; 11. Delivery pipe; 12. Connecting joint; 13. Matrix plate; 14. Spray strip; 15. Locking block; 16. Sealing plate; 17. Connecting frame; 18. Pull rod. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Corn stalk substrate is a plant cultivation substrate made primarily from processed corn stalks. Corn stalks are the remaining stems after corn harvest; while an agricultural waste, they can be transformed into valuable resources through proper utilization. In the substrate production process, the corn stalks are typically first crushed to reduce their volume, increasing their surface area and facilitating subsequent processing and root penetration. Fermentation may then be carried out, during which microorganisms decompose complex organic substances in the corn stalks, such as cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, converting them into nutrients more easily absorbed by plants. Fermentation also makes the substrate more porous, improving its physical properties. Corn stalk substrate has excellent air permeability and water retention. Good air permeability stems from its numerous tiny pores, allowing free air circulation, which is beneficial for root respiration and prevents root rot due to lack of oxygen. Good water retention is due to the presence of cellulose and other components in the corn stalks, which can absorb and retain moisture, reducing evaporation and ensuring adequate water supply for plants even under drought conditions. In addition, it contains various nutrients required for plant growth, such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. During fermentation, some of these elements exist in soluble or easily absorbed forms, providing nutritional support for plant growth. However, it's important to note that the nutrient composition of corn stalk substrate is relatively simple, and it usually needs to be used in combination with other substrates or fertilizers to meet the diverse nutrient requirements of plants at different growth stages. In practical applications, corn stalk substrate can be used for the cultivation of various plants, such as vegetables, flowers, and seedlings. It can serve as a soil substitute or amendment for hydroponics, container cultivation, and other cultivation methods, helping to improve plant growth quality and yield. It also helps reduce soil usage and lowers the probability of soil-borne diseases and pests, making it an environmentally friendly and economically beneficial cultivation substrate.

[0022] The cap of the button mushroom is white or light brown, hemispherical or flattened-round in shape, generally 3-10 cm in diameter. The cap surface is smooth and fine-textured. The gills are pink to brown, gradually turning dark brown as it matures and releases spores. The stem of the button mushroom is relatively thick, about 3-8 cm long and 1-2 cm in diameter, with a firm texture and a color similar to the cap. The growth of button mushrooms requires specific environmental conditions. It is a saprophytic fungus, primarily decomposing organic matter in compost to obtain nutrients. Its growth cycle includes a mycelial growth stage and a fruiting body development stage. Cultivation typically involves a series of steps, including compost preparation, inoculation, covering with soil, and mushroom management. Button mushrooms are rich in various nutrients such as protein, vitamins, minerals, and dietary fiber. They are high in protein and contain many essential amino acids, are rich in B vitamins, and also contain a certain amount of vitamin D. The content of minerals such as potassium, phosphorus, and calcium is also considerable. They have a tender texture and delicious taste, and can be eaten raw, cooked, or processed into canned or dried products. They are widely used in the catering industry and food processing field and are one of the common ingredients in people's daily diet. In addition to their nutritional value, button mushrooms also have certain medicinal value. Traditional medicine believes that they can enhance immunity, regulate blood lipids, and have antioxidant effects, but these effects still need to be confirmed by further scientific research.

[0023] The cultivation room for button mushrooms is a specialized facility for growing them, and its design and environmental control are crucial to the mushroom's growth and yield. Cultivation rooms typically require good insulation, moisture retention, ventilation, and shading. Common cultivation rooms include basements, air-raid shelters, residential buildings, greenhouses, and solar greenhouses; these facilities can be selected based on local climate conditions and economic capabilities. The environmental requirements for cultivation rooms are very strict. Regarding temperature, the optimal temperature for mycelial growth is 22℃ to 26℃, and the optimal temperature for fruiting body growth is 14℃ to 18℃. Regarding humidity, the moisture content of the substrate should be 60% to 70% during the mycelial growth stage. The moisture content of the casing layer should be slightly dry during the mycelial emergence stage, but should be kept moist during the primordia formation stage. The relative humidity needs to reach around 90% during fruiting body growth. Furthermore, button mushrooms do not require light to grow; the entire growth process can be carried out in darkness, but weak diffused light can be provided during primordia differentiation. The ventilation design of the cultivation room is also very important. Button mushrooms are aerobic fungi, requiring a large amount of oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide during their growth. Therefore, the carbon dioxide concentration in the mushroom house should be controlled below 0.1%, especially during the fruiting body growth stage. The structural design of the cultivation room needs to be optimized based on factors such as site shape, terrain, and prevailing wind direction to reduce cross-contamination between the substrate production and fruiting rooms. In terms of facility design, the cultivation room's bed frames typically adopt a multi-layer structure, with 4 to 5 layers per frame, a frame width of 1 to 1.2 meters, and a layer spacing of 0.4 to 0.5 meters. In addition, the cultivation room also needs to be equipped with good ventilation openings and temperature and humidity control equipment to meet the needs of different growth stages.

[0024] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the CO2 dynamic balance cultivation chamber for button mushrooms based on corn straw substrate includes an incubator 1 and a mounting frame 2. The incubator 1 has multiple mounting frames 2 for storing and cultivating button mushrooms. It also includes ventilation pipes 3, solenoid valves 4, concentration sensors 7, a docking plate 9, heating rods 10, delivery pipes 11, a substrate board 13, spray strips 14, and a sealing plate 16. Two sets of ventilation pipes 3 are fixed to the upper end of the incubator 1, and are connected to the incubator 1. The two sets of ventilation pipes 3 are located away from the incubator 1. A nozzle 5 is fixed at one end, and electromagnetic valves 4 are fixed at the outer ends of the two sets of air exchange pipes 3. A control module 6 is fixed at the rear end of the incubator 1. A concentration sensor 7 is fixed at the upper end of the incubator 1 on one side of the air exchange pipe 3. A detection head 8 is fixed at the lower end of the concentration sensor 7 inside the incubator 1. The electromagnetic valves 4 and the concentration sensor 7 are electrically connected to the control module 6. A substrate plate 13 is installed inside the multiple sets of fixing frames 2. The substrate plate 13 is movably arranged along the inside of the fixing frame 2. A ventilation groove is opened at the lower end of the multiple sets of fixing frames 2.

[0025] Please see Figures 2-4The inner wall of the incubator 1 is equipped with several sets of docking plates 9. Heating rods 10 are fixed to the inner wall of the several sets of docking plates 9. One end of the several sets of docking plates 9 is provided with a transmission cable. The docking plates 9 are electrically connected to the control module 6. Several sets of delivery pipes 11 are installed at the outer end of the incubator 1. The several sets of delivery pipes 11 pass through the incubator 1 and are connected to the fixed frame 2. The end of the several sets of delivery pipes 11 away from the incubator 1 is fixed with a connector 12. The inner wall of the fixed frame 2 is covered with spray strips 14. Several sets of atomizing heads are installed inside the spray strips 14. The spray strips 14 are connected to the delivery pipes 11.

[0026] Please see Figures 3-5 The upper end of the substrate plate 13 is provided with multiple sets of locking blocks 15, and springs are provided between the multiple sets of locking blocks 15 and the substrate plate 13. The springs are provided with spring rubber dampers. The upper end of the fixing frame 2 is provided with a slot to accommodate the locking blocks 15. The substrate plate 13 is fixed to the fixing frame 2 by locking the locking blocks 15. The outer wall of the incubator 1 is fixed with a connecting frame 17. The outer end of the connecting frame 17 is symmetrically equipped with sealing plates 16. The inner part of the connecting frame 17 is provided with a sliding groove to accommodate the sliding of the sealing plates 16. The inner part of the sealing plates 16 is fixed with a transparent observation window. The inner wall of the sealing plates 16 is fixed with a sealing strip. The sealing plates 16 are fastened and sealed to the incubator 1 by the sealing strip. The outer end of the sealing plates 16 is welded with a pull rod 18.

[0027] When it is necessary to cultivate button mushrooms, first lay corn stalk substrate inside the substrate plate 13. After the corn stalk substrate is evenly laid inside the substrate plate 13, evenly scatter the desired button mushroom spawn on the surface of the corn stalk substrate, and then gently cover it with a thin layer of substrate to protect the spawn and promote mycelial growth. After sowing the spawn, insert the substrate plate 13 into the fixing frame 2, and use the spring-connected locking block 15 to snap it back into place with the fixing frame 2 to prevent the substrate plate 13 from shaking or shifting after placement. After the substrate plate 13 is placed stably, manually grasp the pull rod 18 to push the sealing plate 16 to slide and fasten the incubator 1 along the connecting frame 17, so that the inside of the incubator 1 is sealed. At the same time, during the cultivation process, the spawn condition can be observed through the transparent observation window inside the sealing plate 16. After the sealing plate 16 is closed, the water pipe is connected to the delivery pipe 11 through the connector 12. The system connects and integrates with the incubator. During the incubation process, the concentration sensor 7 connects to the detection head 8 to detect the CO2 concentration inside the incubator 1. The concentration sensor 7 transmits the real-time CO2 concentration value to the control module 6. After the CO2 concentration value drops to the preset value, the control module 6 controls the solenoid valve 4 to open the ventilation pipe 3 for rapid ventilation, ensuring that the CO2 concentration inside the incubator 1 is always within a suitable range. This avoids concentration fluctuations caused by untimely manual operation, providing the best growth environment for the button mushrooms and promoting mycelial growth and fruiting body development. When it is necessary to replenish water for the strain, the water pipe transmits water to the spray bar 14 through the delivery pipe 11 to spray out, providing sufficient water for the strain. At the same time, according to the temperature inside the incubator, the control module 6 activates multiple sets of heating rods 10 to fine-tune the temperature inside the incubator, ensuring the healthy growth of the button mushrooms in the incubator 1.

[0028] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A CO2 dynamic balance cultivation chamber for button mushrooms based on corn straw substrate, characterized in that, The incubator includes an incubator (1) and a mounting frame (2); the incubator (1) is equipped with multiple mounting frames (2) for storing cultivated button mushrooms; it also includes a ventilation pipe (3), a solenoid valve (4), a concentration sensor (7), a docking plate (9), a heating rod (10), a delivery pipe (11), a substrate plate (13), a spray bar (14), and a sealing plate (16); two sets of ventilation pipes (3) are fixed at the upper end of the incubator (1), and the two sets of ventilation pipes (3) are connected to the incubator (1). Two sets of air exchange pipes (3) are fixed with nozzles (5) at the ends away from the incubator (1). Two sets of air exchange pipes (3) are fixed with electromagnetic valves (4) at the outer ends. A control module (6) is fixed at the rear end of the incubator (1). A concentration sensor (7) is fixed at the upper end of the incubator (1) on one side of the air exchange pipe (3). A detection head (8) is fixed at the lower end of the concentration sensor (7) inside the incubator (1). The electromagnetic valve (4) and the concentration sensor (7) are electrically connected to the control module (6).

2. The button mushroom CO2 dynamic balance cultivation chamber based on corn straw substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the multiple sets of fixing frames (2) has a substrate board (13) installed inside. The substrate board (13) is movably arranged along the inside of the fixing frame (2). Each of the multiple sets of fixing frames (2) has a ventilation groove at its lower end.

3. The button mushroom CO2 dynamic balance cultivation chamber based on corn straw substrate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the incubator (1) is equipped with several sets of docking plates (9), and heating rods (10) are fixed on the inner wall of the several sets of docking plates (9). One end of the several sets of docking plates (9) is provided with a transmission cable, and the docking plates (9) are electrically connected to the control module (6).

4. The button mushroom CO2 dynamic balance cultivation chamber based on corn straw substrate according to claim 3, characterized in that, Several sets of delivery pipes (11) are installed at the outer end of the incubator (1). The several sets of delivery pipes (11) pass through the incubator (1) and are connected to the fixed frame (2). A connector (12) is fixed at the end of the several sets of delivery pipes (11) away from the incubator (1).

5. The button mushroom CO2 dynamic balance cultivation chamber based on corn straw substrate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the fixed frame (2) is covered with spray strips (14), and several sets of atomizing heads are installed inside the spray strips (14). The spray strips (14) are connected to the delivery pipe (11).

6. The button mushroom CO2 dynamic balance cultivation chamber based on corn straw substrate according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper end of the substrate board (13) is provided with multiple sets of locking blocks (15), and a spring is provided between the multiple sets of locking blocks (15) and the substrate board (13). The spring is provided with a spring rubber damper inside. The upper end of the fixing frame (2) is provided with a slot for accommodating the locking blocks (15). The substrate board (13) is fixed to the fixing frame (2) by locking the locking blocks (15).

7. The button mushroom CO2 dynamic balance cultivation chamber based on corn straw substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the incubator (1) is fixed with a connecting frame (17), and sealing plates (16) are symmetrically installed on the outer end of the connecting frame (17). The inside of the connecting frame (17) is provided with a sliding groove to accommodate the sliding of the sealing plate (16).

8. The button mushroom CO2 dynamic balance cultivation chamber based on corn straw substrate according to claim 7, characterized in that, A transparent observation window is fixed inside the sealing plate (16), and a sealing strip is fixed on the inner wall of the sealing plate (16). The sealing plate (16) is fastened and sealed to the incubator (1) through the sealing strip. A pull rod (18) is welded to the outer end of the sealing plate (16).

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