Laser cleaning device for wheel set axle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of wheel set maintenance, in particular to a laser cleaning device for a wheel set axle, which comprises a base frame and a laser cleaning head, the plurality of laser cleaning heads are mounted on the base frame; the axle to be cleaned is positioned below the laser cleaning head; wherein the cleaning areas of part of the laser cleaning heads are the axle body and the dustproof plate seat of the axle, and the cleaning areas of the rest of the laser cleaning heads are the axle body between two wheels. The laser cleaning head is used for emitting laser to clean impurities such as rust and oil dirt on the surface of the axle, and during cleaning, the wheel pair is rotated to complete cleaning of the circumferential surface of the axle. The laser can clean the metal surface without damaging the metal surface under the appropriate output power, lossless cleaning is achieved, and the cleaning efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wheelset maintenance, specifically to a laser cleaning device for wheelset axles. Background Technology

[0002] When overhauling the wheelsets of railcars, after removing the bearings, it is necessary to clean the rust, oil, and other stains from the axle and dust cover to ensure accurate information is obtained in the next process step, "magnetic particle inspection".

[0003] Currently, this cleaning process either involves manual cleaning, which is very inefficient, or physical cleaning with a wire brush. However, the wire brush can cause microscopic damage to the shaft, and this damage can accumulate and form defects. Furthermore, the wire brush wears down gradually during use, resulting in inconsistent cleaning effectiveness, which is related to the degree of wear on the wire brush. In addition, the wire brush cleaning process requires water to wash away the dirt, making the equipment environment quite dirty. Moreover, if the equipment is left unattended for an extended period after cleaning, it may rust again. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a laser cleaning device for wheelset axles, which aims to clean rust, oil and other impurities on wheelset axles in a stable and efficient manner using laser.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A laser cleaning device for wheelset axles includes a base frame and laser cleaning heads; multiple laser cleaning heads are mounted on the base frame; the axle to be cleaned is located below the laser cleaning heads; wherein, the cleaning area of ​​some laser cleaning heads is the axle shaft and dust cover seat of the axle, and the cleaning area of ​​the remaining laser cleaning heads is the axle shaft between the two wheels.

[0007] In some alternative implementations, a lifting mechanism is also included; the laser cleaning head is mounted on the base frame via the lifting mechanism to adjust the distance between the laser cleaning head and the axle.

[0008] In some alternative implementations, a distance sensor is also included to measure the distance between the laser cleaning head and the axle in order to coordinate with the lifting mechanism to adjust the distance between the laser cleaning head and the axle.

[0009] In some alternative implementations, the laser cleaning heads for cleaning the axle between two wheels are provided in multiple rows arranged side by side along the length of the axle.

[0010] In some alternative embodiments, the base frame is provided with a position adjustment mechanism so that the laser cleaning head can reciprocate along the length of the axle.

[0011] In some optional embodiments, an angle adjustment mechanism is also included; the laser cleaning head, which cleans the axle shaft and dust cover of the axle area, can adjust the cleaning angle within a preset range through the angle adjustment mechanism.

[0012] In some alternative embodiments, a dust removal mechanism is also included, the dust removal mechanism having a suction head near the area to be cleaned on the axle; the dust removal mechanism is used to remove impurities from the axle that have been cleaned by the laser cleaning head.

[0013] In some alternative implementations, a rotary mechanism is also included, which is located below the axle to be cleaned to drive the axle to rotate.

[0014] In summary, compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects: This utility model uses a laser cleaning head to emit laser light to clean rust, oil stains, and other impurities from the surface of the axle. During cleaning, the wheelset rotates to complete the cleaning of the circumferential surface of the axle. The laser can clean the metal surface without damaging it at a suitable output power, achieving non-destructive cleaning with high efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a simplified flowchart of the working process of the laser cleaning head in this utility model.

[0017] The labels in the diagram are as follows: 1. Base frame; 2. Position adjustment mechanism; 3. Lifting mechanism; 4. Angle adjustment mechanism; 5. Support; 6. Laser cleaning head; 7. Distance sensor; 8. Shaft; 9. Wheel; 10. Dustproof plate seat. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0019] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the directional descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the directional or positional relationship based on the directional or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0020] In the description of this utility model, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," "exceeding," etc. are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," "within," etc. are understood to include the stated number. If terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly specifying the order of the indicated technical features.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "setting," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application embodiment introduces a laser cleaning device for wheelset axles, mainly including a base frame 1 and a laser cleaning head 6. For ease of description, the spatial rectangular coordinate system shown in the figure is introduced to illustrate the relevant structure of this utility model, wherein the positive direction of the X-axis is right, the positive direction of the Y-axis is rear, and the positive direction of the Z-axis is up.

[0023] The base frame 1 is roughly "gate" shaped, consisting of two uprights on both sides and a crossbeam connected to the top of the uprights. The axle to be cleaned is located between the two uprights and below the crossbeam.

[0024] Multiple laser cleaning heads 6 are mounted on the base frame 1. Optionally, the laser cleaning heads 6 can be mounted on a crossbeam. The axle to be cleaned is located below the laser cleaning heads 6, so the laser emission direction of the laser cleaning heads 6 is downward. The laser cleaning heads 6 can be selected from the X20-RF02 laser welding galvanometer system manufactured by Shenzhen Eurasia Laser Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd. to meet the requirements.

[0025] Since the axle is divided into three parts by the two wheels 9, in order to clean all parts of the axle, this embodiment divides the laser cleaning head 6 into two parts. One part of the laser cleaning head 6 cleans the axle shaft 8 and the dust cover seat 10, while the other part cleans the axle shaft 8 between the two wheels 9. This not only ensures that the laser cleaning head 6 can clean all parts of the axle, but also improves cleaning efficiency.

[0026] This embodiment uses a laser cleaning head 6 to emit a laser to clean rust, oil, and other impurities from the axle surface. During cleaning, the wheelset rotates to complete the cleaning of the axle's circumferential surface. The laser can clean the metal surface without damaging it at a suitable output power, achieving non-destructive cleaning with high efficiency.

[0027] To enable the wheelset to rotate, embodiments of this application may further include a rotating mechanism, which is disposed below the axle to be cleaned to drive the axle to rotate. For example, the rotating mechanism may adopt the content disclosed in Chinese invention patent application CN119142385A to meet the requirements.

[0028] Since lasers have a fixed working distance (focal length) and laser energy fluctuates significantly with distance, this application embodiment may also include a lifting mechanism 3 as an optional implementation method. The laser cleaning head 6 is mounted on the base frame 1 through the lifting mechanism 3 to adjust the distance between the laser cleaning head 6 and the axle, thereby adapting to the cleaning of axles of various sizes and specifications.

[0029] To improve the ease of use of the device, as an optional implementation, this application embodiment may also include a distance sensor 7. Optionally, the distance sensor 7 can be connected to the laser cleaning head 6 via, for example, a bracket. The distance sensor 7 is used to measure the distance between the laser cleaning head 6 and the axle to cooperate with the lifting mechanism 3 to adjust the distance between the laser cleaning head 6 and the axle.

[0030] The combination of distance sensor 7 and lifting mechanism 3 ensures that the laser cleaning head 6 can automatically and efficiently focus the energy center of the laser on the surface of the axle when dealing with axles of different diameters, thus ensuring the cleaning effect.

[0031] To improve cleaning efficiency, as an optional implementation, multiple laser cleaning heads 6 are provided for the axle 8 between the two wheels 9 and are arranged side by side along the length of the axle.

[0032] For example, this application embodiment has a total of 6 laser cleaning heads 6, of which 4 laser cleaning heads 6 are used to clean the axle 8 between two wheels 9. These 4 laser cleaning heads 6 are arranged side by side adjacent to each other along the length of the axle. When cleaning the axle 8 between two wheels 9, these 4 laser cleaning heads 6 can cover the part of the axle 8 except for the left and right ends. The coverage area is large, so the cleaning efficiency is high.

[0033] The other two laser cleaning heads 6 are used to clean both sides of the axle, namely the part of the axle body 8 between the two wheels 9 that is close to the wheels 9 and the dust cover seat 10.

[0034] Dividing the laser cleaning head 6 into two parts improves cleaning efficiency. Furthermore, to reduce costs, this embodiment of the application may also include a position adjustment mechanism 2 on the base frame 1 to allow the laser cleaning head 6 to reciprocate along the length of the axle.

[0035] like Figure 2As shown, assume that in the initial state, all laser cleaning heads 6 have moved to the left to their initial positions. At this time, the leftmost laser cleaning head ① is used to clean the dust cover seat 10 on the left side of the axle; the middle laser cleaning heads ②-⑤ are used to clean the axle body 8 between the two wheels 9, but excluding the part near the left wheel 9; the rightmost laser cleaning head ⑥ is used to clean the part of the axle body 8 between the two wheels 9 that is near the right wheel 9.

[0036] Then, all laser cleaning heads 6 move a certain distance to the right under the action of the position adjustment mechanism 2. During this process, the leftmost laser cleaning head ① 6 crosses over the left wheel 9 under the action of the lifting mechanism 3, and the rightmost laser cleaning head ⑥ 6 crosses over the right wheel 9 under the action of the lifting mechanism 3. At this time, the leftmost laser cleaning head ① 6 is used to clean the part of the axle 8 between the two wheels 9 that is close to the left wheel 9; the middle laser cleaning heads ②-⑤ are still used to clean the axle 8 between the two wheels 9, but do not include the part close to the right wheel 9; the rightmost laser cleaning head ⑥ 6 is used to clean the dust cover seat 10 on the right side of the axle.

[0037] During the entire cleaning process, the wheelset rotates, and the circumference of the axle is thoroughly cleaned by the laser cleaning head 6. All the laser cleaning heads 6 only need to move from left to right once to complete the all-round cleaning of the axle without any dead angles, so the cleaning efficiency is high.

[0038] Optionally, the lifting mechanism 3 and the position adjustment mechanism 2 can be any one of a hydraulic telescopic cylinder, an electric telescopic cylinder, or a pneumatic telescopic cylinder, or other mechanisms capable of linear telescopic movement, such as a gear and rack mechanism or a screw and nut mechanism.

[0039] Since the dust cover seat 10 has an arc-shaped inclined structure or a sloped structure, in order to improve the cleaning effect on the dust cover seat 10, this application embodiment may also include an angle adjustment mechanism 4. The cleaning area is the axle body 8 of the vehicle axle and part of the laser cleaning head 6 of the dust cover seat 10. The cleaning angle can be adjusted within a preset range through the angle adjustment mechanism 4.

[0040] For example Figure 2 As shown, the leftmost laser cleaning head ① 6 can be tilted to the right by the angle adjustment mechanism 4 to clean the dust cover seat 10 on the left side of the axle, and the rightmost laser cleaning head ⑥ 6 can be tilted to the left by the angle adjustment mechanism 4 to clean the dust cover seat 10 on the right side of the axle.

[0041] Optionally, the angle adjustment mechanism 4 may include a motor and a support 5. The motor body is fixedly mounted on the lifting mechanism 3, the support 5 is mounted on the rotating part of the motor, and the laser cleaning head 6 is mounted on the support 5 to achieve angle adjustment.

[0042] As an optional implementation, this application embodiment may further include a dust removal mechanism, which includes an exhaust fan, a pipe connected to the exhaust fan, and a suction head connected to the pipe near the area to be cleaned on the axle. The dust removal mechanism is used to remove impurities cleaned by the laser cleaning head 6 from the axle, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the device and wheelset. Some of the pipe and suction head may be mounted on the lifting mechanism 3 or the support 5 so that they move with the laser cleaning head 6, ensuring effective dust removal.

[0043] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0044] The above preferred embodiments should not be considered as limitations on this utility model, and the scope of protection of this utility model should be determined by the scope defined in the claims. For those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A laser cleaning device for wheelset axles, characterized in that: Includes a base frame (1) and a laser cleaning head (6); Multiple laser cleaning heads (6) are mounted on the base frame (1); The axle to be cleaned is located below the laser cleaning head (6); Among them, the cleaning area of ​​some laser cleaning heads (6) is the axle body (8) and dust cover seat (10) of the axle, and the cleaning area of ​​the remaining laser cleaning heads (6) is the axle body (8) between the two wheels (9).

2. The laser cleaning device for wheelset axles as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a lifting mechanism (3); the laser cleaning head (6) is mounted on the base frame (1) via the lifting mechanism (3) to adjust the distance between the laser cleaning head (6) and the axle.

3. The laser cleaning device for wheelset axles as described in claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a distance sensor (7) for measuring the distance between the laser cleaning head (6) and the axle to cooperate with the lifting mechanism (3) to adjust the distance between the laser cleaning head (6) and the axle.

4. The laser cleaning device for wheelset axles as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning area is the axle body (8) between the two wheels (9). Multiple laser cleaning heads (6) are provided and arranged side by side along the length of the axle.

5. The laser cleaning device for wheelset axles as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The base frame (1) is provided with a position adjustment mechanism (2) so that the laser cleaning head (6) can reciprocate along the length of the axle.

6. The laser cleaning device for wheelset axles as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an angle adjustment mechanism (4); the laser cleaning head (6) of the part of the axle shaft (8) and dust cover seat (10) of the cleaning area can adjust the cleaning angle within a preset range through the angle adjustment mechanism (4).

7. The laser cleaning device for wheelset axles as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a dust removal mechanism, which has a suction head near the area to be cleaned on the axle; the dust removal mechanism is used to remove the impurities cleaned off the axle by the laser cleaning head (6).

8. The laser cleaning device for wheelset axles as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a rotating mechanism, which is located below the axle to be cleaned to drive the axle to rotate.

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