Identification circuit, battery and electric scooter

Abstract

According to the identification circuit, the battery and the electric scooter, the switch module is connected between the output end of the power supply and the output end of the circuit, and the control end of the switch module is connected with the input end of the circuit; the voltage division module is connected to the output end and the grounding end of the power supply, and the output end of the voltage division module is connected with the output end of the circuit; the one-way conduction module is connected to the input end of the circuit and the output end of the circuit; according to the circuit, different output results can be respectively output when the input ends of the circuit are in three conditions, so that when only one interface is used for ID identification, a battery management system can identify a plurality of batteries based on the identification circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to an identification circuit, a battery, and an electric mobility scooter. Background Technology

[0002] The standard lithium battery interface for electric autonomous vehicles is 2+4, where 2 represents the positive and negative terminals of the battery, and 4 represents the control interface. The positive terminal of the battery is led out directly, while the negative terminal is led out through a relay. Two interfaces in the control interface are used for communication, and the other two interfaces are used for battery wake-up and ID (Identity Document) identification.

[0003] ID recognition is used in applications where a vehicle has two or more batteries. ID recognition involves assigning an identity code to each battery, and the vehicle controller obtains the status information of each battery based on the battery ID. Currently, through wiring harness configuration, the controller in the Battery Management System (BMS) can identify the following combinations of two ID recognition ports based on the output of the recognition circuit: 01, 10, and 11. Here, 0 represents that the battery positive terminal is not connected to the ID recognition port, and 1 represents that the battery positive terminal is connected to the ID recognition port. The two ID recognition ports support a vehicle with three lithium batteries.

[0004] However, when a battery has only one interface for ID identification, the current identification circuitry can only be used for ID identification of a single battery cell and does not support multiple batteries connected to the vehicle. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a new identification circuitry that allows the battery management system to identify multiple batteries when only one interface is used for ID identification. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides an identification circuit, a battery, and an electric mobility scooter, which enables a battery management system to identify multiple batteries based on the identification circuit when there is only one interface for ID identification.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides an identification circuit, comprising:

[0007] A switching module is connected between the output terminal of the power supply and the output terminal of the circuit, and the control terminal of the switching module is connected to the input terminal of the circuit; the switching module is used to be in a conducting state when the input terminal of the circuit is a first voltage and the output terminal of the circuit obtains a first result, and is also used to be in a closed state when the input terminal of the circuit is a second voltage or is floating;

[0008] A voltage divider module is connected to the output terminal and the ground terminal of the power supply, and the output terminal of the voltage divider module is connected to the output terminal of the circuit; the voltage divider module is used to obtain a second result at the output terminal of the circuit when the input terminal of the circuit is floating.

[0009] A unidirectional conduction module is connected to the input terminal and the output terminal of the circuit; the unidirectional conduction module is used to conduct when the input terminal of the circuit is the second voltage, and the output terminal of the circuit obtains the third result.

[0010] Optionally, the switching module includes:

[0011] A control unit, wherein the first terminal of the control unit is connected to the input terminal of the circuit, and the second terminal of the control unit is grounded;

[0012] A switching unit, wherein a first end of the switching unit is connected to the output terminal of the power supply, a second end of the switching unit is connected to the output terminal of the circuit, and a third end of the switching unit is connected to the third terminal of the control unit; the switching unit is used to turn on or off under the control of the control unit.

[0013] Optionally, the control unit includes: a first resistor, a second resistor, and a first transistor;

[0014] The first end of the first resistor is connected to the input terminal of the circuit, and the second end of the first resistor is connected to the control terminal of the first transistor.

[0015] The first end of the second resistor is connected to the control electrode of the first transistor, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded.

[0016] The first terminal of the first transistor is connected to the third terminal of the switching unit, and the second terminal of the first transistor is grounded.

[0017] Optionally, the control unit further includes: a first capacitor;

[0018] The first terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the control electrode of the first transistor, and the second terminal of the first capacitor is grounded.

[0019] Optionally, the switching unit includes: a second transistor, a third resistor, and a fourth resistor;

[0020] The first terminal of the second transistor is connected to the output terminal of the power supply, the second terminal of the second transistor is connected to the output terminal of the circuit, and the control terminal of the second transistor is connected to the first terminal of the third resistor.

[0021] The second end of the third resistor is connected to the first terminal of the first transistor;

[0022] The first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the output terminal of the power supply, and the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first end of the third resistor.

[0023] Optionally, the voltage divider module includes: a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor;

[0024] The first end of the fifth resistor is connected to the output terminal of the power supply, the second end of the fifth resistor is connected to the output terminal of the circuit, and is also connected to the first end of the sixth resistor.

[0025] The second terminal of the sixth resistor is grounded;

[0026] And / or, the resistance value of the fifth resistor is equal to the resistance value of the sixth resistor.

[0027] Optionally, the unidirectional conduction module includes a diode;

[0028] The positive terminal of the diode is connected to the second terminal of the fifth resistor, and the negative terminal of the diode is connected to the input terminal of the circuit.

[0029] Optionally, the circuit further includes a seventh resistor and a second capacitor;

[0030] The first end of the seventh resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the diode, and is also connected to the second end of the fifth resistor and the second terminal of the second transistor; the second end of the seventh resistor is connected to the output terminal of the circuit.

[0031] The first terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the output terminal of the circuit, and the second terminal of the second capacitor is grounded.

[0032] In a second aspect, this application provides a battery, including: an identification circuit as described in any of the first aspects, and a battery management system, the battery management system including a controller, the controller being configured to obtain the battery's ID information based on the output of the identification circuit.

[0033] Thirdly, this application provides an electric mobility scooter, including: a battery as described in the second aspect.

[0034] The identification circuit, battery, and electric mobility scooter provided in this application are connected between the output terminal of the power supply and the output terminal of the circuit via a switch module, and the control terminal of the switch module is connected to the input terminal of the circuit. The switch module is used to be in a conducting state when the input terminal of the circuit is at a first voltage, and the output terminal of the circuit obtains a first result; it is also used to be in a closed state when the input terminal of the circuit is at a second voltage or is floating. A voltage divider module is connected between the output terminal of the power supply and the ground terminal, and the output terminal of the voltage divider module is connected to the output terminal of the circuit. The voltage divider module is used to obtain a second result when the input terminal of the circuit is floating. A unidirectional conduction module is connected between the input terminal of the circuit and the output terminal of the circuit. The unidirectional conduction module is used to be in a conducting state when the input terminal of the circuit is at the second voltage, and the output terminal of the circuit obtains a third result. The above circuit can output different output results when the input terminal of the circuit is in three different states, so that when there is only one interface for ID identification, the battery management system can identify multiple batteries based on the identification circuit. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an identification circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another identification circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of yet another identification circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating different battery ID identification provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic flowchart of a battery wake-up method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0041] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0042] 100: Circuit input terminal; 200: Power supply output terminal; 300: Circuit output terminal; 10: Switching module; 101: Control unit; 102: Switching unit; 20: Voltage divider module; 30: One-way conduction module.

[0043] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments in this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0046] In the following description, when referring to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0047] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence, nor should they be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. Furthermore, in the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0048] As described in the background section, in the prior art, the ID identification port is connected to the positive terminal of the battery via a wiring harness configuration, or the ID identification port is left unconnected. When there are two ID identification ports, the battery can be woken up if the ID information is 01, 10, or 11. When there is only one ID identification port, only one battery can be woken up and its ID identified.

[0049] For example, when a lithium battery is connected to a vehicle, the positive terminal (positive output terminal) of the battery is connected to the battery's ID identification port via a wiring harness and plug. The battery's BMS can then determine that the battery is connected to the vehicle and thus wake up the battery.

[0050] To address the issue that a single ID identification port can only identify one battery, this application provides an identification circuit. By incorporating a switch module, a voltage divider module, and a unidirectional conduction module, the ID identification port can be connected in three different ways: connected to the positive output terminal of the battery, connected to the negative output terminal of the battery, or left floating. The identification circuit will then produce different output results, allowing the controller in the BMS to obtain different ID information based on the output results, thus enabling ID identification of three batteries using a single ID identification port.

[0051] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an identification circuit provided in an embodiment of this application is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0053] A switch module 10 is connected between the output terminal 200 of the power supply and the output terminal 300 of the circuit, and the control terminal of the switch module 10 is connected to the input terminal 100 of the circuit; the switch module 10 is used to be in a conducting state when the input terminal 100 of the circuit is a first voltage and the output terminal 300 of the circuit obtains a first result, and is also used to be in a closed state when the input terminal 100 of the circuit is a second voltage or is floating;

[0054] Voltage divider module 20 is connected to the output terminal 200 of the power supply and the ground terminal, and the output terminal of the voltage divider module 20 is connected to the output terminal 300 of the circuit; the voltage divider module 20 is used to ensure that the output terminal 300 of the circuit obtains a second result when the input terminal 100 of the circuit is floating.

[0055] A one-way conduction module 30 is connected to the input terminal 100 and the output terminal 300 of the circuit. The one-way conduction module 30 is used to conduct when the input terminal 100 of the circuit is the second voltage, and the output terminal 300 of the circuit obtains the third result.

[0056] To identify multiple batteries using the ID identification port (the circuit's input terminal), the ID identification port can be configured in various ways, resulting in different outputs from the identification circuit. For example, the ID identification port can be connected to the positive output terminal of the battery, or to the negative output terminal, or left floating. Using these different connection methods will result in different output voltages, thus enabling the identification of three batteries.

[0057] Optionally, a switch module 10 can be provided. When the circuit input terminal 100 is at a first voltage, that is, when the circuit input terminal 100 is connected to the positive output terminal of the battery, the switch module 10 is turned on. At the same time, the switch module 10 is connected to the output terminal 200 of the power supply. When the switch module 10 is turned on, the circuit output terminal 300 obtains a first result. For example, the first result is approximately the voltage of the power supply output terminal.

[0058] Optionally, a voltage divider module 20 can also be provided. Since the switch module 10 is in a closed state when the input terminal 100 of the circuit is floating, and the unidirectional conduction module 30 is cut off, the second result can be obtained through the voltage divider module 20. Optionally, the second result is related to the voltage at the output terminal 200 of the power supply and the capability of the voltage divider module 20.

[0059] Optionally, a one-way conduction module 30 can also be provided. Since the switch module 10 is in a closed state when the input terminal 100 of the circuit is at the second voltage, where the second voltage means that the switch module 10 is closed when the input terminal 100 of the circuit is connected to the negative output terminal of the battery, a third result can be obtained based on the one-way conduction module 30. For example, the third result can be a voltage close to 0V.

[0060] By configuring the switch module 10, a first result can be obtained when the ID identification port is connected to the positive output terminal of the battery. By configuring the voltage divider module 20, a second result can be obtained when the ID identification port is left floating. By configuring the unidirectional conduction module 30, a third result can be obtained when the ID identification port is connected to the negative output terminal of the battery. The output terminal of the circuit can be connected to the controller in the battery management system. The controller can obtain ID information based on the output results of the circuit. When the output results of the ID identification port are different in the three states, the controller can obtain different ID information.

[0061] This application provides an identification circuit, comprising: a switch module 10 connected between the output terminal 200 of a power supply and the output terminal 300 of a circuit, wherein the control terminal of the switch module 10 is connected to the input terminal 100 of the circuit; the switch module 10 is configured to be in a conducting state when the input terminal 100 of the circuit is at a first voltage, and the output terminal 300 of the circuit obtains a first result, and is also configured to be in a closed state when the input terminal 100 of the circuit is at a second voltage or is floating; and a voltage divider module 20 connected between the output terminal 200 of the power supply and a ground terminal, wherein the output terminal of the voltage divider module 20 is connected to the output terminal of the circuit. 300; The voltage divider module 20 is used to obtain a second result at the output terminal 300 of the circuit when the input terminal 100 of the circuit is floating; the unidirectional conduction module 30 is connected to the input terminal 100 of the circuit and the output terminal 300 of the circuit, and the unidirectional conduction module 30 is used to be in a conducting state when the input terminal 100 of the circuit is the second voltage, and the output terminal of the circuit obtains a third result; the above circuit can output different output results when the input terminal of the circuit is in three different states, so that when there is only one interface for ID identification, the battery management system can identify multiple batteries based on the identification circuit.

[0062] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another identification circuit provided in an embodiment of this application is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the switch module 10 includes:

[0063] Control unit 101, the first terminal of which is connected to the input terminal 100 of the circuit, and the second terminal of which is grounded;

[0064] A switching unit 102 is provided, wherein the first end of the switching unit 102 is connected to the output terminal 200 of the power supply, the second end of the switching unit 102 is connected to the output terminal 300 of the circuit, and the third end of the switching unit 102 is connected to the third terminal of the control unit 101; the switching unit 102 is used to turn on or off under the control of the control unit 101.

[0065] The switching module 10 may include two units: a control unit 101 and a switching unit 102. The switching unit 102 can be in an on or off state under the control of the control unit 101. Optionally, when controlling the switching unit 102, the control unit 101 can perform different controls on the switching unit 102 based on different input terminals of the circuit.

[0066] Optionally, the control unit 101 can be connected to the switching unit 102 to control the switching unit 102. The switching unit 102 can be connected to the output terminal 200 of the power supply and the output terminal 300 of the circuit to transmit the voltage of the output terminal 200 of the power supply to the output terminal 300 of the circuit when it is in the on state.

[0067] Optionally, when the input terminal 100 of the circuit is the positive output terminal of the battery, the control switch unit 102 is turned on; when the input terminal 100 of the circuit is the negative output terminal of the battery or is floating, the control switch unit 102 is turned off.

[0068] By setting up a control unit 101 and a switch unit 102 and connecting the two, the control unit 101 can control the switching unit 102 to be turned on or off based on the circuit input terminal 100.

[0069] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another identification circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. The meanings of each symbol are as follows: ID: Input terminal of the circuit; ADC_ID: Output terminal of the circuit (…). Figure 3 ADC_ID and Figure 1 In this circuit, 300 represents the output terminal; P+: positive output terminal of the battery; P-: negative output terminal of the battery; BT1: battery; GND: ground terminal; K: relay switch; R1: first resistor; R2: second resistor; Q1: first transistor; C1: first capacitor; Q2: second transistor; R3: third resistor; R4: fourth resistor; R5: fifth resistor; R6: sixth resistor; D1: diode; R7: seventh resistor; C2: second capacitor; VCC: power supply output terminal ( Figure 3 VCC and Figure 1 (The 200 in the reference indicates the output terminal of the power supply). Figure 3 The detailed working process of the identification circuit is described.

[0070] Optionally, the control unit 101 includes: a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a first transistor Q1;

[0071] The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the input terminal ID of the circuit, and the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the control terminal of the first transistor Q1.

[0072] The first end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the control electrode of the first transistor Q1, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is grounded.

[0073] The first terminal of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the third terminal of the switching unit 102, and the second terminal of the first transistor Q1 is grounded.

[0074] The control unit 101 can be implemented based on transistors, and the switching unit 102 can be controlled by turning the transistors on or off.

[0075] Optionally, the first transistor Q1 can be a transistor. For example, the first transistor Q1 can be an NPN transistor. The conduction condition of the first transistor Q1 is that the voltage at its base is greater than the voltage at its emitter, and the difference needs to be a certain value (for example, 0.5V). Therefore, a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2 can also be provided. The second resistor R2 is located between the control terminal (base) and the second terminal (emitter) of the first transistor Q1, and the first resistor R1 is located between the circuit's input terminal ID and the control terminal of the first transistor Q1.

[0076] Optionally, when the circuit's input terminal ID is connected to the battery's positive output terminal P+, the first transistor Q1 can be turned on through the voltage divider network composed of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2. For example, if the voltage at the battery's positive output terminal P+ is 48V, the resistance of the first resistor R1 is greater than the resistance of the second resistor R2 (e.g., the first resistor R1 is 500KΩ, the second resistor is 10KΩ, and the voltage across the second resistor R2 is greater than 0.5V), then the first transistor Q1 can be turned on.

[0077] When the first transistor Q1 is turned on, the switching unit 102 can be turned on. When the first transistor Q1 is turned off, the switching unit 102 can be turned off.

[0078] By setting up a control unit 101 consisting of a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a first transistor Q1, the control unit 101 can be turned on when ID is connected to the positive output terminal P+ of the battery, thereby achieving accurate control of the switching unit 102.

[0079] Optionally, the control unit 101 further includes: a first capacitor C1;

[0080] The first terminal of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the control electrode of the first transistor Q1, and the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 is grounded.

[0081] In addition, a first capacitor C1 can be set, and low-pass filtering can be achieved based on the first capacitor C1.

[0082] Optionally, the switching unit 102 includes: a second transistor Q2, a third resistor R3, and a fourth resistor R4;

[0083] The first terminal of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the output terminal VCC of the power supply, the second terminal of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the output terminal ADC_ID of the circuit, and the control terminal of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the first terminal of the third resistor R3.

[0084] The second terminal of the third resistor R3 is connected to the first terminal of the first transistor Q1;

[0085] The first end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the output terminal VCC of the power supply, and the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the first end of the third resistor R3.

[0086] The switching unit 102 can be configured as a voltage divider network consisting of a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4, and a second transistor Q2. The second transistor Q2 is turned on when there is a voltage across the fourth resistor R4.

[0087] When the circuit's input terminal ID is connected to P+, the first transistor Q1 is turned on. The power supply output VCC passes sequentially through the fourth resistor R4, the third resistor R3, and the first transistor Q1, before reaching ground. The voltage at the power supply output terminal VCC is approximately 5V, so there is a voltage across the fourth resistor R4, thus turning on the second transistor Q2. When the second transistor Q2 is turned on, the voltage at the circuit's output terminal ADC_ID is VCC minus the on-state voltage drop of Q1, which is approximately VCC.

[0088] The switching unit 102 is switched on and off by setting a second transistor Q2 in the switching unit 102.

[0089] Optionally, the voltage divider module 20 includes: a fifth resistor R5 and a sixth resistor R6;

[0090] The first end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the output terminal VCC of the power supply, the second end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the output terminal ADC_ID of the circuit, and is also connected to the first end of the sixth resistor R6.

[0091] The second terminal of the sixth resistor R6 is grounded;

[0092] And / or, the resistance value of the fifth resistor R5 is equal to the resistance value of the sixth resistor R6.

[0093] The voltage divider module 20 can be implemented using two resistors connected in series. The fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 can divide the voltage of VCC, and the voltage division result can be used as the voltage of the output terminal ADC_ID of the circuit.

[0094] When the input terminal ID of the circuit is floating, the first transistor Q1 is not conducting, thus the second transistor Q2 is not conducting. Simultaneously, the unidirectional conduction module 30 is not conducting, and the power supply output terminal VCC is connected to ground via the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6. When the resistance values ​​of the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 are the same, the voltage at the circuit output terminal ADC_ID is VCC / 2.

[0095] The voltage divider module 20, which consists of two resistors, can transfer a portion of the voltage from the power supply's output terminal VCC to the circuit's output terminal ADC_ID.

[0096] Optionally, the unidirectional conduction module 30 includes a diode D1;

[0097] The positive terminal of diode D1 is connected to the second terminal of the fifth resistor R5, and the negative terminal of diode D1 is connected to the input terminal ID of the circuit.

[0098] For the unidirectional conduction module 30, diode D1 can be used. The positive terminal of diode D1 is connected to the second end of the fifth resistor R5, and the negative terminal of diode D1 is connected to the input terminal ID of the circuit. Since the power input terminal ID is connected to the negative output terminal of the battery (P-), when switch K is open, the voltage at P- is 0, allowing the diode to conduct. Simultaneously, the first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 are not conducting. Furthermore, the fifth resistor R5 is connected to diode D1, which reduces the current flowing through diode D1. At this time, the voltage at the output terminal ADC_ID of the circuit is the forward voltage drop of diode D1, approximately 0V, therefore the voltage of ADC_ID is approximately 0V.

[0099] By setting diode D1, when the power input terminal ID is connected to P-, the output terminal ADC_ID of the circuit can obtain a voltage different from the two connection methods mentioned above.

[0100] Optionally, the circuit further includes a seventh resistor R7 and a second capacitor C2;

[0101] The first end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the positive terminal of the diode D1, and is connected to the second end of the fifth resistor R5, and is connected to the second terminal of the second transistor Q2; the second end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the output terminal ADC_ID of the circuit.

[0102] The first terminal of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the output terminal ADC_ID of the circuit, and the second terminal of the second capacitor C2 is grounded.

[0103] In addition, a first resistor R7 can be set before the output terminal ADC_ID of the circuit to ensure the safety of the devices following the output terminal ADC_ID of the circuit and to avoid excessive current when the second transistor Q2 is turned on, which could damage the devices.

[0104] Additionally, a second capacitor C2 can be set, and the seventh resistor R7 and the second capacitor C2 can achieve low-pass filtering.

[0105] The identification circuit provided in this application is based on the internal structure of a battery. The battery contains a Battery Management System (BMS), which includes a controller. The controller can be connected to the output terminal of the identification circuit. Externally, the ID terminal of the identification circuit has three wiring options: connected to P+ (the positive output terminal of the battery); connected to P- (the negative output terminal of the battery); or left floating. The ID wiring option can be configured using an external wiring harness.

[0106] The following is about Figure 3 The working principle of the circuit shown will be explained.

[0107] When the circuit's input terminal ID is connected to P+, the P+ voltage (48V) is greater than the power supply's output voltage VCC (5V), and diode D1 is not conducting. P+ turns on the first transistor Q1 through a voltage divider network composed of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, and the first capacitor C1. The power supply's output terminal VCC turns on the second transistor Q2 through a voltage divider network composed of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4. The voltage at the circuit's output terminal ADC_ID (which is the voltage across the sixth resistor R6) is VCC minus the Q2 turn-on voltage drop (approximately VCC). After passing through a low-pass filter composed of the seventh resistor R7 and the second capacitor C2, the voltage at the circuit's output terminal ADC_ID is approximately VCC.

[0108] When the circuit's input terminal ID is connected to P- (assuming K is closed at this time), the circuit's input terminal ID will be connected to GND. The first transistor Q1 will not conduct, the second transistor Q2 will not conduct, and the diode D1 will conduct. At this time, the voltage across the sixth resistor R6 is the forward voltage drop of the diode D1 (approximately 0), and the voltage at the circuit's output terminal ADC_ID is approximately 0.

[0109] When the input terminal ID of the circuit is floating, the output terminal VCC of the power supply is turned on through the fifth resistor R5, diode D1, the first resistor R1, and the second resistor R2. Since the first resistor R1 is much larger than the fifth resistor R5, the voltage at the input terminal ID is almost equal to VCC (5V). Since the second resistor R2 is smaller than the first resistor R1, the voltage across the second resistor R2 is smaller, so the first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 are not turned on. When the resistance of the fifth resistor R5 is equal to the resistance of the sixth resistor R6, after the voltage is divided by the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6, the voltage across the sixth resistor R6 is VCC / 2, and the voltage at the output terminal ADC_ID of the circuit is VCC / 2.

[0110] The three circuits have three different wiring methods for the input terminal ID, and the corresponding circuit output terminal ADC_ID has three voltages, which can realize single-wire three-state ID detection.

[0111] The identification circuit proposed in this application is suitable for application scenarios where battery interface resources are scarce but the number of batteries in the vehicle is large. It also has strong interface expansion capabilities, with N ID identification ports, which can realize the connection of 3 to the power of N lithium batteries to the vehicle.

[0112] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating different battery ID identification methods provided in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 4 As shown, there may be multiple batteries. For example, in an electric vehicle, multiple lithium batteries can be installed. Therefore, for the entire vehicle, it is necessary to obtain the ID information and status information of each lithium battery in order to distinguish the status information of each battery. When each battery has an ID identification port, the aforementioned identification circuit can be used for ID identification.

[0113] The controller can obtain the output results of the identification circuit, and different ID information can be obtained based on different output results. For example, the ID information corresponding to the voltage of the circuit's output terminal ADC_ID being 0 (the circuit's input terminal ID is connected to P-), VCC / 2 (the circuit's input terminal ID is floating), and VCC (the circuit's input terminal ID is connected to P+) can be 0, 1, and 2, respectively.

[0114] Optionally, when the battery has two ID recognition ports, nine combinations can be formed: 00, 01, 02, 10, 11, 12, 20, 21, and 22, allowing nine lithium batteries to be connected to the vehicle. When there are N ID recognition ports, up to 3 N lithium batteries can be connected to the vehicle.

[0115] When a battery has multiple ID recognition ports, these ports can be connected to the vehicle wiring harness. For example, when the ID information is 111, it means that there are 3 ID recognition ports, and all three ID recognition ports are floating.

[0116] like Figure 4 As shown, Bus1 and Bus2 are the vehicle communication buses among the four wiring harnesses, P+ is the positive terminal of the vehicle power supply, and the battery has three interfaces: the ID identification port, Bus1, and Bus2. The P+ terminals of batteries 1 to 3 are connected together, and the P- terminals of batteries 1 to 3 are connected together. The GND terminals of batteries 1 to 3 are each connected to P- via an internal relay K. When a battery is connected to the vehicle, the ID information for battery 1 is 0, the ID information for battery 2 is 1, and the ID information for battery 3 is 2. Battery 3 can be woken up when connected to the vehicle. After the battery is woken up, the vehicle is powered on and communication is established. At this time, batteries 1 and 2 can be woken up through communication. After the vehicle is powered on, the vehicle is only powered off when all batteries are disconnected. The above describes the scenario when the battery has only one ID identification port.

[0117] Optionally, when the ID identification port is connected to P+, the battery can be woken up (K is closed) to supply power to the vehicle. The ID information will not change before and after K is closed. When the ID identification port is connected to P-, the battery cannot be woken up to supply power to the vehicle (because before K is closed, the ID identification port is not grounded, which is equivalent to the ID identification port being in a floating state). The ID information will change before and after K is closed. When the ID identification port is floating, it cannot be determined whether the battery is connected to the vehicle, and the battery cannot be woken up to supply power to the vehicle. The ID information will not change before and after K is closed.

[0118] In other words, a battery that requires an ID identification port to be connected to P+ is needed. Figure 4 Only when battery 3) is connected to the vehicle can it be woken up to supply power to the vehicle, and only then can the other lithium batteries work normally; if a battery without an ID identification port and P+ connection is connected to the vehicle, the other batteries cannot establish a connection with the vehicle and cannot work normally.

[0119] Therefore, for any battery, if at least one data bit of its ID information is a first target value, such as first target value bit 2 (ID information when the ID identification port is connected to the positive output terminal of the battery), it can be determined that the battery is connected to the vehicle and the battery can be woken up.

[0120] When none of the data bits in the ID information are the first target value, communication can be used to determine whether the battery is connected to the vehicle. For batteries where none of the N ID identification ports are connected to the positive output terminal, it is impossible to determine whether the battery is connected to the vehicle through the identification circuit. Instead, it can be determined by whether the battery establishes communication with the target component. When one battery is connected to the vehicle, the target component, such as the instrument cluster, can send data to each battery via a communication line. The BMS in the battery can detect whether the battery has established communication with the target component. If communication is established, it can be determined that the battery is connected to the vehicle.

[0121] Therefore, for any battery, if at least one data bit in the ID information is a first target value, and / or if the battery establishes communication with the target component, it means that the battery is connected to the vehicle, and the battery can be woken up.

[0122] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a battery wake-up method provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, once the battery is connected to the vehicle, its ID information can be read to determine if the ID information has changed subsequently. Based on the ID information and whether the communication between the battery and the system is normal, it can be determined whether the battery should be removed from the vehicle and whether to shut it down, thus ensuring battery safety. The above process will be explained in detail below.

[0123] For example, if a battery has 3 ID identification ports, and the ID information is 122, then when the ID information changes to 111 and the battery communication is abnormal, the battery will be turned off.

[0124] The ID information change mentioned here refers to the change in the ID information read subsequently compared to the ID information read after waking up the battery.

[0125] refer to Figure 5 The following examples illustrate three scenarios regarding whether to turn off the battery when there is an ID identification port.

[0126] Scenario 1:

[0127] S1: When the battery is connected to the vehicle and the ID recognition port is connected to P+, its ID information changes from 1 (ID information when the ID recognition port is floating) to 2 (ID information when the ID recognition port is connected to P+).

[0128] S2: Wake up the battery (K closed);

[0129] S3: Read ID information;

[0130] S41: Check if communication is normal within the wake-up time X. If communication is normal, the battery will work normally; or, S42: If communication is not normal, turn off the battery.

[0131] S51: If the battery communication is abnormal when the ID information is 2 and the ID information changes from 2 to 1, then turn off the battery (K disconnects); or, S52: If the battery communication is abnormal when the ID information is 2 and the ID does not change from 2 to 1, then repeatedly check whether the communication is normal and whether the ID information changes to 1; or, S53: If the battery communication is normal when the ID information is 2, then repeatedly check whether the communication is normal.

[0132] Scenario 2:

[0133] S1: When the battery is connected to the vehicle, if the ID recognition port is floating, its ID information is 1. When the battery establishes communication with the vehicle, S2 is executed.

[0134] S2: Wake up the battery (K closed);

[0135] S3: Read ID information;

[0136] S41: Check if communication is normal within the wake-up time X. If communication is normal, the battery will work normally; or, S42: If communication is not normal, turn off the battery.

[0137] S51: If the battery communication is normal when the ID information is 1, then repeatedly check whether the communication is normal; or, S52: If the battery communication is abnormal when the ID information is 1, then turn off the battery (K disconnect).

[0138] Scenario 3:

[0139] S1: When the battery is connected to the vehicle, the ID identification port is connected to P-, and its ID information is 1. After the battery establishes communication with the vehicle, S2 is executed.

[0140] S2: Wake up the battery (K closed), ID information becomes 0;

[0141] S3: Read ID information;

[0142] S41: Check if communication is normal within the wake-up time X. If communication is normal, the battery will work normally; or, S42: If communication is not normal, turn off the battery.

[0143] S51: If the battery communication is abnormal when the ID information is 0 and the ID information changes from 0 to 1, then turn off the battery (K disconnects); or, S52: If the battery communication is abnormal when the ID information is 0 and the ID information does not change from 0 to 1, then repeatedly check whether the communication is normal and whether the ID information changes to 1; or, S53: If the battery communication is normal when the ID information is 0, then repeatedly check whether the communication is normal.

[0144] The above wake-up methods can prevent abnormal battery use and set corresponding shutdown conditions for lithium batteries with different ID information, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the entire vehicle.

[0145] This application also provides a battery, including: an identification circuit as described in the foregoing embodiments, and a battery management system, the battery management system including a controller, the controller being used to obtain the battery's ID information based on the output result of the identification circuit.

[0146] This application also provides an electric mobility scooter, including a battery as described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0147] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the utility models disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the following claims.

[0148] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An identification circuit, characterized in that, include: A switching module is connected between the output terminal of the power supply and the output terminal of the circuit, and the control terminal of the switching module is connected to the input terminal of the circuit; the switching module is used to be in a conducting state when the input terminal of the circuit is a first voltage and the output terminal of the circuit obtains a first result, and is also used to be in a closed state when the input terminal of the circuit is a second voltage or is floating; A voltage divider module is connected to the output terminal and the ground terminal of the power supply, and the output terminal of the voltage divider module is connected to the output terminal of the circuit; the voltage divider module is used to obtain a second result at the output terminal of the circuit when the input terminal of the circuit is floating. A one-way conduction module is connected to the input terminal and the output terminal of the circuit; The unidirectional conduction module is used to conduct when the input terminal of the circuit is the second voltage, and the output terminal of the circuit obtains the third result.

2. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching module includes: A control unit, wherein the first terminal of the control unit is connected to the input terminal of the circuit, and the second terminal of the control unit is grounded; A switching unit, wherein a first end of the switching unit is connected to the output terminal of the power supply, a second end of the switching unit is connected to the output terminal of the circuit, and a third end of the switching unit is connected to the third terminal of the control unit; the switching unit is used to turn on or off under the control of the control unit.

3. The circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control unit includes: a first resistor, a second resistor, and a first transistor; The first end of the first resistor is connected to the input terminal of the circuit, and the second end of the first resistor is connected to the control terminal of the first transistor. The first end of the second resistor is connected to the control electrode of the first transistor, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded. The first terminal of the first transistor is connected to the third terminal of the switching unit, and the second terminal of the first transistor is grounded.

4. The circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control unit further includes: a first capacitor; The first terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the control electrode of the first transistor, and the second terminal of the first capacitor is grounded.

5. The circuit according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The switching unit includes: a second transistor, a third resistor, and a fourth resistor; The first terminal of the second transistor is connected to the output terminal of the power supply, the second terminal of the second transistor is connected to the output terminal of the circuit, and the control terminal of the second transistor is connected to the first terminal of the third resistor. The second end of the third resistor is connected to the first terminal of the first transistor; The first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the output terminal of the power supply, and the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first end of the third resistor.

6. The circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The voltage divider module includes: a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor; The first end of the fifth resistor is connected to the output terminal of the power supply, the second end of the fifth resistor is connected to the output terminal of the circuit, and is also connected to the first end of the sixth resistor. The second terminal of the sixth resistor is grounded; And / or, the resistance value of the fifth resistor is equal to the resistance value of the sixth resistor.

7. The circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The unidirectional conduction module includes a diode; The positive terminal of the diode is connected to the second terminal of the fifth resistor, and the negative terminal of the diode is connected to the input terminal of the circuit.

8. The circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The circuit also includes a seventh resistor and a second capacitor; The first end of the seventh resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the diode, and is also connected to the second end of the fifth resistor and the second terminal of the second transistor; the second end of the seventh resistor is connected to the output terminal of the circuit. The first terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the output terminal of the circuit, and the second terminal of the second capacitor is grounded.

9. A battery, characterized in that, include: The identification circuit as described in any one of claims 1-8, and the battery management system, the battery management system including a controller for obtaining battery ID information based on the output of the identification circuit.

10. An electric mobility scooter, characterized in that, include: The battery as described in claim 9.

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