Electrode assembly with adjustable electrode distance and water treatment device

Abstract

The utility model relates to an electrode assembly with an adjustable electrode distance and a water treatment device. The electrode assembly is provided with two electrode plates which are oppositely arranged in parallel, and the two electrode plates are connected in a connecting mode with the adjustable distance. The water treatment device is provided with one or more electrode assemblies, and at least one electrode assembly is the electrode assembly with the adjustable electrode distance. According to the utility model, the distance between the electrodes of the water treatment device is adjustable, and the water treatment device can better adapt to actual requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to an electrode assembly with adjustable electrode spacing and a water treatment device. Background Technology

[0002] Electrocoagulation reactors and other water treatment devices require electrode assemblies. Electrocoagulation uses a metal plate as the anode. Under the influence of direct current, the anode is dissolved, generating a large number of metal cations. These cations then undergo a series of coagulation and flocculation processes to form larger flocs, separating colloidal and suspended impurities in the wastewater through coagulation and sedimentation. Currently, electrodes used for electrocoagulation typically consist of two parallel plate-shaped electrodes (also called electrode plates) connected by a fixed structure. Because the spacing between these electrode plates is fixed, it is difficult to adapt well to the volume of water being treated. This not only affects the treatment effect but also makes the electrode plate anode prone to passivation, transforming from a soluble anode to an insoluble anode, leading to increased maintenance costs, increased energy consumption, and reduced production efficiency.

[0003] On the other hand, biochemical treatment based on microbial metabolism is a common method for advanced wastewater treatment. It has advantages over electrocoagulation, and combining the two can achieve better treatment results and better meet the requirements of advanced treatment. Biological packing materials can be installed in treatment tanks suitable for biochemical treatment, serving as carriers for microbial biofilm formation to increase sludge concentration, reduce sludge load, and promote the degradation of organic matter. Currently, the packing materials are either rigid packing monomers stacked / filled in the packing zone of the tank to form a packing layer, or flexible fiber packing materials are used and deployed in the corresponding areas. With the rigid packing monomer stacking method, the packing monomers are compressed against each other, making them difficult to move. This not only affects the effective mixing and contact of activated sludge with water and pollutants in the water, but also makes the packing layer prone to clogging, leading to increased resistance and difficulty in aeration. With the flexible fiber packing method, the sludge capacity of the packing material is limited, restricting the improvement of treatment efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to enable adjustable electrode spacing in the electrode assembly, so as to better adapt to the actual needs of the corresponding water treatment device.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is: an electrode assembly with adjustable electrode spacing, which has two electrode plates arranged opposite each other (with the main body aligned), and the two electrode plates are connected by an adjustable spacing connection method to achieve adjustable electrode spacing.

[0006] Preferably, the two electrode plates in the same electrode assembly can be arranged in parallel with equal vertical spacing, or they can be arranged in a non-parallel manner with a greater vertical spacing than the vertical spacing. For example, they can be arranged in a wedge-shaped arrangement (or wedge-shaped arrangement, where the vertical spacing of the two electrode plates is unequal, so that the gap between the main body parts of the two electrode plates is wedge-shaped / trapezoidal), and the main body parts of the two electrode plates are kept aligned (without vertical or horizontal misalignment).

[0007] Preferably, the main body of the electrode plate (which may be referred to as the electrode plate body) is flat.

[0008] Furthermore, the plate-shaped main body may or may not have discharge protrusions. The discharge protrusions are located on the opposite surfaces of the two electrodes, and there may be multiple protrusions, arranged longitudinally or laterally, or in other regular patterns.

[0009] The discharge protrusion is preferably cylindrical, with or without a mushroom head at its end (outer end). The outer surface is a curved surface with a central protrusion, especially a surface of revolution, such as a spherical or ellipsoidal crown, which is called a mushroom head because it resembles a mushroom head.

[0010] Preferably, the discharge protrusions can be multiple rows distributed vertically. The density of the mushroom heads on each row (or the spacing between adjacent mushroom heads) can be the same or different. The spacing between adjacent rows can be the same or different, and can be set according to the discharge requirements.

[0011] Adjustable spacing between electrode plates can be achieved using any suitable connection method. For example, a connection method that allows one or two electrode plates to change position in a direction perpendicular to the electrode plates can be used, such as a connection via a linear guide mechanism in the corresponding direction with a position locking device.

[0012] Preferably, an upper plate and a lower plate are provided for fixing and installing the electrode plate. The electrode plate is located between the upper plate and the lower plate, and its top and bottom are fastened to the upper plate and the lower plate respectively by fastening bolts. Both the upper plate and the lower plate are provided with adjustable mounting holes for passing through the corresponding fastening bolts. The adjustable mounting holes are strip-shaped holes with their length direction perpendicular to the electrode plate (electrode plate surface), allowing the corresponding fastening bolts to pass through different positions in the strip-shaped holes. Thus, the distance between the two electrode plates can be changed by changing the position of the fastening bolts in the corresponding adjustable mounting holes.

[0013] Preferably, the two adjustable mounting holes on the same side of the upper plate (two adjustable mounting holes for the top fastening bolts of the two electrode plates on the same side) can be connected into (or in other words, formed into) a single long strip hole (a long adjustable mounting hole); similarly, the two adjustable mounting holes on the same side of the lower plate (two adjustable mounting holes for the bottom fastening bolts of the two electrode plates on the same side) can be connected into (or in other words, formed into a single long strip hole (a long adjustable mounting hole). This not only facilitates the processing of the upper and lower plates but also facilitates the installation and adjustment of the electrode plates.

[0014] Preferably, the two electrode plates can also be fixedly connected together by a number of adjustable fixing bolts. The two electrode plates are provided with a number of corresponding through holes for fixed connection. The two ends of the adjustable fixing bolts pass through the corresponding through holes on the two electrode plates respectively, and each bolt is provided with a clamping nut assembly for clamping the corresponding electrode plate. The clamping nut assembly includes an inner clamping nut located inside the corresponding electrode plate and an outer clamping nut located outside the corresponding electrode plate. The inner and outer clamping nuts clamp the electrode plate on the corresponding side. Thus, the distance between the two electrode plates can be changed by changing the position of the clamping nut assembly on the adjustable fixing bolts.

[0015] Preferably, a pad can be provided between the two electrode plates in the electrode assembly. The electrode plates and the pad are provided with a plurality of corresponding through holes and are fastened together by clamping bolts passing through the corresponding through holes. Thus, the distance between the two electrode plates can be changed by changing the total thickness of the pad.

[0016] Preferably, a fixing plate is also provided. The pad is only set in the upper part between the two electrode plates. The lower parts of the two electrodes pass through two insertion holes on the fixing plate and extend to the bottom of the fixing plate. The bottom of the pad is supported on the fixing plate located between the two insertion holes. The width of the insertion holes is greater than the width of the electrode plates. The relative position distribution between the two insertion holes and the width of the two insertion holes should be adapted to the adjustment range of the electrode spacing (the range of positional changes between the two electrode plates).

[0017] Preferably, there are one or more pads located between the two electrode plates, thereby changing the total thickness of the pads by changing the thickness of a single pad and / or changing the number of pads.

[0018] Preferably, the top of the central pad is higher than the top of the electrode plate and other pads (if provided) and may or may not have through holes for hanging or holding.

[0019] A water treatment device with adjustable electrode spacing is provided with one or more electrode assemblies, and at least one electrode assembly is any of the adjustable electrode assemblies disclosed in this utility model.

[0020] Preferably, a pretreatment tank or an electrocoagulation tank is provided, and an electrode assembly is provided in the pretreatment tank or electrocoagulation tank. The electrode assembly in the pretreatment tank or electrocoagulation tank is an electrode assembly with adjustable electrode spacing.

[0021] Preferably, the effluent from the pretreatment tank or electrocoagulation tank is connected to (either directly or after passing through other treatment tanks) an aerobic tank, the effluent from the aerobic tank is connected to a secondary sedimentation tank, and the effluent from the secondary sedimentation tank is connected to a clear water tank.

[0022] Preferably, the pretreatment tank or electrocoagulation tank is used as an equalization tank.

[0023] Preferably, the aerobic tank may or may not contain electrode components, and the electrode components in the aerobic tank may be adjustable-spacing electrode components or non-adjustable-spacing electrode components. Iron ions are released through the electrode components, creating an iron ion (concentration) environment conducive to the growth and metabolism of aerobic microorganisms, thereby improving the aerobic biochemical reaction capacity and / or enhancing the aerobic biochemical reaction intensity of the aerobic tank.

[0024] The effluent from the secondary sedimentation tank is preferably discharged into the clear water tank via an overflow method.

[0025] The number of pretreatment tanks is typically one, but can be multiple if necessary. Multiple pretreatment tanks can be connected in series and / or in parallel as needed.

[0026] The electrode assembly is located in the water space within the pool (the space containing water during operation), and generates current and releases iron ions when energized.

[0027] One or more electrode assemblies may be installed in the same pretreatment tank. When multiple electrode assemblies are installed, they can be arranged side by side and / or distributed front to back within the tank as needed.

[0028] Electrode assemblies can be installed in the reactor (tank) using a suspension method or any other suitable method. For example, a hanger (hook) can be installed on the electrode assembly to hang it on the tank wall, thereby facilitating the installation, disassembly, and replacement of the electrode assembly.

[0029] An anoxic tank may also be provided. The anoxic tank is located before the aerobic tank, and the effluent from the pretreatment tank or electrocoagulation tank is connected to the anoxic tank, while the effluent from the anoxic tank is connected to the aerobic tank.

[0030] Multi-stage circulation treatment can be set up. For example, there can be two aerobic tanks and two anoxic tanks, including a first aerobic tank, a second aerobic tank, a first anoxic tank, and a second anoxic tank. The first anoxic tank, the first aerobic tank, the second anoxic tank, and the second aerobic tank are connected in sequence (the effluent from the first tank is connected to the second tank).

[0031] An anaerobic tank (or first anaerobic tank) may also be provided, with the first anoxic tank, anaerobic tank, first aerobic tank, second anoxic tank, and second aerobic tank connected in sequence.

[0032] The aerobic tank may be equipped with packing material.

[0033] The packing material in the aerobic tank is preferably suspended packing material.

[0034] An aeration device may be installed at the bottom of the aerobic tank.

[0035] The anoxic pool may be equipped with packing material.

[0036] The packing material in the anoxic tank is preferably a suspended packing material.

[0037] The bottom of the anoxic pool may or may not be equipped with an aeration device.

[0038] The anaerobic tank may or may not contain packing material.

[0039] The packing material in the anaerobic tank can be suspended packing material or stacked packing material.

[0040] The suspended filler material can be distributed in part or all of the water space in a pool equipped with suspended filler material (e.g., in a pool of a pretreatment unit, in a pool of aerobic and / or anoxic pools equipped with suspended filler material).

[0041] The suspended packing may consist of several packing units (e.g., spherical packing units) connected (rigid or flexible, such as by bonding, snapping, or by flexible ropes) on a three-dimensional packing frame to form a spatial distribution state similar to suspension.

[0042] The packing frame can be any form that allows the individual packing units connected to it to be evenly distributed (uniformly / approximately uniformly distributed in any of the three directions: up / down, left / right, and front / back) in the corresponding water space, for example, a three-dimensional mesh frame. The individual packing units are connected to the packing frame in a uniform distribution manner.

[0043] Any of the water treatment devices disclosed in this utility model can be used to remove (purify) pollutants from water. For electrode assemblies with adjustable electrode spacing installed in any pool, the electrode plate spacing (distance between two electrode plates) in the electrode assembly can be set or adjusted according to the water flow rate or pollutant flow rate of the pool.

[0044] When the electrode spacing is adjusted according to the pollutant flow rate, the specific pollutant types and flow calculation methods to be included in the pollutant flow rate are selected according to the treatment requirements. When multiple pollutants should be included, the inclusion weight (weight coefficient) of each pollutant can be determined according to the ratio of the concentration of each pollutant in the influent to the upper limit of the emission standard (treatment requirements) of each pollutant.

[0045] The electrode plate spacing can be adjusted in stages. For example, the flow rate (water flow rate or pollutant flow rate) range (upper and lower limits) corresponding to each level of electrode plate spacing can be set, and the adjustment period (or calculation period, for example, several hours) of the spacing can be set. If the expected flow rate (total flow rate within the period, or equivalently, average flow rate within the period) or the measured flow rate (total flow rate within the period, or equivalently, average flow rate within the period) of the next adjustment period falls within the flow rate range corresponding to another (another level) electrode plate spacing, then before (or at the start of) the next adjustment period, the electrode plate spacing of the electrode assembly will be adjusted to the corresponding electrode plate spacing, or the electrode assembly will be replaced with an electrode assembly with the corresponding electrode plate spacing.

[0046] Within any adjustment period, the current (or supply voltage) of the electrode assembly can be adjusted based on real-time (e.g., measured) flow rate (water flow rate or pollutant flow rate) changes.

[0047] When the measured flow rate deviates significantly from the flow range corresponding to the real-time electrode spacing, the electrode spacing can be adjusted in real time without waiting for the next adjustment cycle. Furthermore, the starting point of the adjustment cycle is recalculated based on the actual adjustment time. For example, when the real-time flow rate reaches or exceeds the median value of the flow range corresponding to the electrode spacing one level above or below the current electrode spacing, the electrode spacing is adjusted to the level above or below the current electrode spacing. This adapts to large changes in flow rate while also addressing situations with excessively high short-term flow rates, ensuring processing effectiveness while avoiding overly frequent adjustments to the electrode spacing.

[0048] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: Because the spacing of the electrode plates is adjustable through an adjustable connection method, the spacing between the electrode plates can be set or adjusted according to actual needs, thus better adapting to practical requirements. Since the two electrode plates can be arranged in parallel or with an inclined structure (wedge-shaped arrangement) as needed, and can be equipped with replaceable discharge protrusions, the inclined structure facilitates the shedding of scale on the electrode surface after the positive and negative electrodes are reversed, resulting in a smoother electrode plate surface, clearer reaction response between the positive and negative electrodes, and a more direct and stable reaction. Simultaneously, the shedding of scale and the reduced likelihood of scale buildup help save on unnecessary energy consumption. Since the holes on the upper and lower plates for tightening the electrode plate bolts can be set as strip holes, or a clamping nut assembly screwed onto the adjusting bolt can be used to set or adjust the position of the two electrode plates on the adjusting bolt, or a shim with a variable total thickness can be placed between the two electrode plates, the spacing between the electrode plates can be adjusted steplessly (continuously) or in stages (discontinuously) according to actual needs, with convenient operation and reliable fixation. Because hangers can be installed at both ends of the upper or fixed plate, the electrode assembly can be easily installed and removed from the reactor. This allows for the replacement of electrode assemblies with different electrode plate spacings during water treatment without negatively impacting the treatment process due to electrode plate spacing adjustments. The use of hangers of varying lengths, with upper and lower hooks for connection between the hangers and the reactor and the upper or fixed plate, facilitates operation. The electrode assemblies within the aerobic tank release iron ions (and electrons, etc.), creating the necessary iron ion concentration and other environmental conditions for aerobic microbial communities, thus enhancing the aerobic biochemical reaction capacity and / or intensity of the aerobic tank. The use of suspended packing materials in the aerobic and anoxic tanks helps achieve a balanced distribution of activated sludge throughout the water body, maintaining sludge activity, reducing resistance, and ultimately enhancing treatment efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 This is a front view structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the electrode assembly involved in this utility model;

[0050] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A side view of the embodiment shown is a schematic diagram.

[0051] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The illustrated embodiment is a top view of the adjustable electrode plate connection.

[0052] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A bottom view of the structure involving adjustable connection of electrode plates in the embodiment shown;

[0053] Figure 5This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the electrode assembly involved in this utility model;

[0054] Figure 6 This is a front view structural schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the electrode assembly involved in this utility model;

[0055] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A side view of the embodiment shown is a schematic diagram.

[0056] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 The illustrated embodiment is a side view of the adjustable connection of the electrode plates.

[0057] Figure 9 yes Figure 6 The illustrated embodiment is a top view of the adjustable electrode plate connection.

[0058] Figure 10 yes Figure 6 The illustrated embodiment is a top view of the fixed plate structure.

[0059] Figure 11 This is a top view of one embodiment of the water treatment device involved in this utility model;

[0060] Figure 12 yes Figure 11 The diagram shows the front view structure of the embodiment shown.

[0061] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment of the electrode assembly involved in the present invention;

[0062] Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment of the electrode assembly involved in the present invention;

[0063] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the handle on the top of the electrode according to the present invention.

[0064] In the diagram, the markings are as follows: 10: Electrode plate; 11: Discharge protrusion; 12: Mushroom head; 13: Terminal block; 14: Through hole for fixed connection; 16: Wire hole; 18: Screw hole; 20: Fixing plate; 21: Upper plate; 22: Lower plate; 23: Clamping bolt; 24: Adjustable mounting hole; 25: Adjustable fixing bolt; 26: Fastening bolt; 27: Insertion hole; 28: Through hole for connecting the boom; 29: Clamping nut assembly; 30: Boom; 33: Upper hook; 35: Lower hook; 39 10: Guide rail; 40: Pad; 41: Top of the middle pad; 46: Through hole for hanging or hand-held use; 47: Hanging plate; 48: Bolt fixing hole; 49: Lifting hole; 103: Water inlet; 104: Air inlet; 105: Water outlet; 106: First electrode assembly; 107: Second electrode assembly; 108: Packing material; 110: Pretreatment tank; 120: Anoxic tank; 130: Aerobic tank; 140: Sedimentation tank; 143: Overflow weir; 146: Sludge hopper; 150: Clear water tank. Detailed Implementation

[0065] See Figures 1 to 15 This electrode assembly with adjustable electrode spacing has two electrode plates 10. One serves as the positive electrode, connected to the positive terminal of a DC power supply, and the other serves as the negative electrode, connected to the negative terminal of a DC power supply. The main body of both electrode plates is plate-shaped and can be made of iron substrate or other suitable materials. The two electrode plates are arranged parallel to each other and are connected by an adjustable connection structure, thereby forming an electrode assembly with adjustable electrode spacing.

[0066] Figures 1 to 4 In the illustrated embodiment, an upper plate 21 and a lower plate 22 are provided for fixing and mounting electrode plates. Both the upper and lower plates are horizontal plates. A strip-shaped hole for adjusting the distance mounting hole 24 is provided on each of the left and right sides of the upper and lower plates. The adjusting distance mounting holes on the upper and lower plates are vertically aligned. The two electrode plates are located between the upper and lower plates. A vertical fastening bolt 26 is provided on each side of the top and bottom of the electrode plates. The fastening bolts on the top and bottom sides of the same electrode plate pass through different adjusting distance mounting holes on the upper and lower plates, respectively. The fastening nuts at the outer ends of the fastening bolts are tightened to press them firmly against the upper (or lower) plate. Washers or other auxiliary parts can be provided as needed to secure the electrode plates to the upper and lower plates together, forming a fixed electrode assembly. The position of the fastening bolts on the adjusting distance mounting holes can be set or adjusted as needed, thereby setting or changing the distance between the two electrode plates.

[0067] Figure 5In the illustrated embodiment, multiple corresponding through holes 14 for fixed connection are provided on the two electrode plates. The two ends of a transverse adjusting bolt 25 pass through the corresponding through holes of the respective electrode plates. Each end of the adjusting bolt is provided with / threaded (screw-connected) clamping nut assemblies 29 for clamping the electrode plates. The clamping nut assembly consists of an inner clamping nut located inside the corresponding electrode plate and an outer clamping nut located outside the corresponding electrode plate. The inner and outer clamping nuts clamp the corresponding electrode plates together to form an integral electrode assembly. The number of adjusting bolts is multiple (e.g., 4 or 6), preferably evenly distributed to facilitate stable fixing between the two electrode plates. The position of the clamping nut assemblies on the adjusting bolts can be set or adjusted according to actual needs, thereby setting or adjusting the distance between the two electrode plates.

[0068] Figures 6 to 10 In the illustrated embodiment, a pad 40 is provided between the two electrode plates. The distance between the two electrode plates is set or adjusted by setting or adjusting the number / total thickness of the pads. The thickness of each pad can be the same or different. The pad located in the middle can be thicker; for example, its thickness can be set according to the minimum distance between the electrode plates. The thickness of the remaining pads can be set in stages or a single thickness can be used. Discontinuous adjustment of the distance between the electrode plates is achieved by setting different numbers and / or different thicknesses of pads between the two electrode plates. The thickness of the smallest pad can be set according to the minimum adjustment range required for the distance. In use, the pads are selected according to actual needs, and the number and total thickness of the pads are determined.

[0069] The top 41 of the middle pad (the pad located in the middle) can be higher than the tops of the other pads and electrode plates, and a through hole 46 for hanging or holding can be provided on the top of the middle pad.

[0070] Several corresponding through holes are provided on the electrode plate and the pad. The clamping bolt 23 is passed through the corresponding through holes on all the electrode plates and the pad. The two ends of the clamping bolt protrude from the electrode plates on both sides. The fastening nut is screwed on to fasten all the electrode plates and the pad into one piece to form an electrode assembly.

[0071] A pad can be placed only on the upper part between the two electrode plates, and a separate fixing plate 20 is provided. A strip hole for insertion holes 27 is provided on each of the left and right sides of the fixing plate. The two electrode plates are inserted into the corresponding insertion holes on the fixing plate from above. The lower end of the pad presses against / supports the fixing plate between the two insertion holes, thereby achieving support of the electrode assembly by the fixing plate. A tightening bolt (not shown) and a threaded hole structure (structure with threaded holes) can be provided on the outer side of the two insertion holes. For example, a nut can be fixedly connected (e.g., bonded) to the surface of the fixing plate (located on the surface of the fixing plate outside the corresponding insertion hole). The tightening bolt is screwed into the corresponding threaded hole structure (the tightening bolt is perpendicular to the electrode plate). After the electrode assembly is inserted into the fixing plate, the tightening bolts on both sides are tightened, so that the inner end of the tightening bolt presses against the outer side of the electrode plate (usually against the middle part of the electrode plate), thereby fixing the electrode assembly to the fixing plate.

[0072] The width of the insertion holes can be appropriately set to accommodate changes in the spacing between the electrode plates. A certain distance exists between the two insertion holes to ensure that, regardless of the spacing between the two electrode plates, the fixing plate between the two insertion holes is supported below the pad, thus promoting overall stability and defining the insertion depth of the electrode plates.

[0073] The electrode assembly can be installed on the reactor by suspension using rod 30 or any other suitable method. For example, it can be installed on the upper plate ( Figures 1-4 (as shown in the embodiment) or fixing plate ( Figures 6-10 The front and rear ends of the embodiment shown are provided with through holes 28 for connecting the lifting rod. The shape and size of the through holes are adapted to the lifting rod and can be referred to as lifting rod holes. During installation, the lower hook 35 of the lifting rod passes through the corresponding lifting rod hole from the upper end. The two ends of the upper plate (or fixing plate) are respectively suspended on the lower end / lower hook of the lifting rod, with the upper hook 33 facing outward. It is suspended on the corresponding top edge of the reactor shell or on the relevant connecting parts / connecting structures (e.g., horizontal rod or hook) fixed to the shell. A positioning / limiting structure (e.g., concave structure) for suspending the upper hook of the lifting rod can be provided on the top edge of the shell or the relevant connecting parts.

[0074] The cross-section of the boom can be a flat rectangle, for example, made from a strip material. In this case, the boom hole can be a corresponding strip hole.

[0075] Terminals 13 can be installed at appropriate locations on the top of the electrode plate as needed. For example, the terminals can be located in the middle or on one side of the top of the electrode plate. During use, the power supply cable is connected via the terminals. Figures 1 to 4 In the embodiment shown, a through hole, serving as a wire hole 16, can be provided on the upper plate for passing through a terminal block or connecting wire. The wire hole can be configured as a strip hole to accommodate different positions of the electrode plate.

[0076] Based on existing technology, insulating materials can be used to prepare components such as upper plates, lower plates, fixing plates, bolts and nuts that require insulation, for example, insulating polymer materials (e.g., PE).

[0077] This adjustable electrode assembly can be installed in water treatment devices as an electrode for electrocoagulation or other treatment processes. During use, the spacing between the two electrode plates can be set or adjusted according to actual needs.

[0078] Figure 13 In the illustrated embodiment, two (or more) parallel electrode plates are mounted on guide rail 39 and slide in engagement with the guide rail, thereby allowing the electrode plates to move relative to the guide rail. The guide rail is fixedly installed inside the reactor. The number of electrode plates and the spacing between them are set according to actual needs. The guide rail can be divided into upper and lower groups, supporting, guiding, and defining the electrode plates from the top and bottom, respectively. Any suitable existing technology can be used to achieve the sliding engagement between the guide rail and the electrode plates, allowing the electrode plates to slide parallel on the guide rail, thereby changing the spatial distribution of the electrode plates and the spacing between them. The guide rail can be made of electrically insulating material and can be any suitable form of sliding guide rail (sliding guide rail assembly). A locking mechanism (e.g., threaded / bolt fastening device) can be provided between the electrode plates and the guide rail. In use, the position of the electrode plates on the guide rail can be set and adjusted, thereby adjusting the spacing between the electrode plates.

[0079] Depending on the actual needs, the two electrode plates can be connected in a fixed manner to form an electrode assembly with a non-adjustable or fixed spacing. The structure of the electrode plate or the main body of the electrode plate can be the same as that of the electrode plate in a motor assembly with an adjustable spacing.

[0080] Figure 14In the illustrated embodiment, the two electrode plates 10 are not parallel to each other, but are arranged at an angle with a smaller upper distance and a larger lower distance between them (the distance between each part at the same height is the same) to facilitate descaling of the electrode plate surface. In this case, and in any other suitable case, several cylindrical (or other suitable shape) discharge protrusions 11 can be provided on the inner side of the electrode plate (the side opposite to the other electrode plate centered on the electrode plate), with mushroom-shaped ends, or mushroom heads set on the surface of the electrode body. Discharge is mainly achieved through the discharge protrusions during use. The arrangement of these discharge protrusions effectively reduces the voltage requirement for discharge. Depending on actual needs, the density of discharge protrusions (or the spacing between adjacent discharge protrusions) in different areas of the vertical direction can be the same, and if necessary, the density of discharge protrusions in different areas of the vertical direction can also be the same. Specific settings can be made according to actual needs. For example, in some application scenarios, impurities in the water have a certain gradient distribution in the vertical direction. When the density of discharge protrusions in different areas of the vertical direction is consistent, the angled arrangement of the electrode plates can make the discharge intensity of each part (area) in the vertical direction approximately the same. The mushroom-shaped structure at the discharge end helps reduce the voltage requirements and discharge current / intensity, ensuring effective discharge while lowering equipment requirements and costs. Furthermore, due to the concentrated discharge, the mushroom-shaped head is less prone to scaling, contributing to reduced energy consumption and extended service life.

[0081] The discharge protrusion can be mounted on the electrode using a detachable connection method (e.g., threaded connection). For example, the connection end (connection area) of the discharge protrusion is provided with external threads, and a screw hole is provided at an appropriate position on the electrode plate. The discharge protrusion is screwed into the corresponding screw hole (which can be a through hole or a blind hole). When replacement is required, the old discharge protrusion can be removed and replaced with a new one.

[0082] Figure 15 A hanging plate (for hoisting, carrying, etc.) 47 is shown for mounting on top of an electrode plate. The upper part of the hanging plate has a lifting hole 49 for hanging or carrying. This hanging plate can be fixed to the top of the electrode plate in any suitable manner (e.g., Figure 14 The illustrated embodiments, or those used as Figures 6-9 The central partition shown in the embodiment may have a specific shape and size depending on actual installation and usage requirements. When the hanging plate is placed between the two electrode plates, through holes 48 for bolts can be provided on the hanging plate. The hanging plate and the electrode plates are fixed together by fastening bolts passing through the through holes (including the corresponding through holes on the electrode plates).

[0083] Figure 11 and Figure 12In the illustrated embodiment, the water treatment device includes a pretreatment tank 110, an anoxic tank 120, an aerobic tank 130, a sedimentation tank 140, and a clear water tank 150 connected in sequence. The tanks can be separated within the same housing by partitions, or several independent tanks can be connected by pipes / channels.

[0084] The inlet 103 of the water treatment device is located on the upper side wall of the pretreatment tank, introducing water from the top of the pretreatment tank; the outlet 105 is located on the upper part of the clear water tank; the air inlet 104 is used to connect to the air supply pipe, which can typically be the inlet of the main air supply pipe located at the bottom of the water treatment device for supplying air to the aeration devices in the relevant tanks, and its inlet is located on the outside of the water treatment device to facilitate connection to the external air supply pipe; the first electrode assembly 106 and the second electrode assembly 107 can be any of the electrode assemblies disclosed in this utility model, and are respectively installed in the pretreatment tank and the aerobic tank. Packing material (or biological packing material) 108 can be installed in the aerobic tank and the anoxic tank, preferably suspended packing material (distributed in a state similar to that of suspended packing material) evenly distributed in the water body of the tank. The structure of each tank can be set according to actual needs. For example, an overflow weir 143 can be set at the top of the sedimentation tank to implement overflow discharge; a sludge hopper 146 can be set at the bottom of the sedimentation tank. The sludge hopper is a cone-shaped hopper with a larger top and a smaller bottom, and the sludge outlet is located at the bottom of the sludge hopper to facilitate sludge sedimentation and sludge discharge.

[0085] Based on actual needs, additions, deletions, or other modifications can be made to the above embodiments. For example, a collection well can be set up before the water treatment device; the biological treatment section (anoxic tank and aerobic tank) can be replaced with a multi-stage biological treatment facility consisting of a first anoxic tank, an anaerobic tank, a first aerobic tank, a second anoxic tank, and a second aerobic tank arranged in sequence; an electrolytic electrode reactor can be set up between the biological treatment section and the sedimentation tank as a water quality improvement and optimization tank; a sand filter can be set up between the sedimentation tank and the clear water tank; a disinfection facility can be added to the clear water tank or a disinfection tank can be set up after the clear water tank; a sludge return system can be set up as needed; and equipment rooms and other facilities can be equipped as needed, so as to obtain the required treatment / purification effect while taking into account the treatment cost.

[0086] in,

[0087] Sewage collection well: Sewage is introduced into the collection well, and a screen is used to intercept debris (fixed screen, mechanical screen, or microfilter can be used) to prevent too much debris from entering the station (water treatment device) and affecting the operation of mechanical equipment. The screen aperture can be 0.5-2 cm. There are two upper manhole covers, one for observing and inspecting the water pump, and the other for intercepting and cleaning debris. The water pump is used with one pump in operation and one on standby.

[0088] Equalization tank: Used to regulate water volume and settle suspended solids in the water. The bottom adopts a 45-degree inclined funnel to facilitate the sedimentation of suspended solids and subsequent cleaning; the water pump adopts one in use and one on standby, and is equipped with a discharge and flow regulating valve to adjust the water volume entering the biological treatment section according to the stable operation of the station; a waterproof split flow meter is installed before entering the biological treatment section (to prevent water vapor from entering the flow meter and burning it out).

[0089] A plate-type electrolytic reactor (e.g., an electrode assembly with adjustable electrode spacing) can be installed in the equalization tank. Before recalcitrant wastewater enters the plant, it undergoes electrolytic degradation in the equalization tank. The electrolysis of water generates hydroxyl groups, which, through strong oxidizing properties, degrade organic matter, transforming recalcitrant organic matter into easily degradable organic matter. Iron ions released during electrolysis react with phosphate ions in the water to form precipitates, which are removed along with the bottom sediment during cleaning. The iron released from the electrolytic reactor (electrode assembly) promotes the growth of denitrifying bacteria. The amount of iron released should be appropriately controlled; excessive iron release inhibits the growth of the plant's microbial community. Under normal circumstances, the iron release during electrolysis should be controlled within a certain range of 0-10 mg / L. The electrode assembly in the equalization tank is used to regulate the wastewater quality, preventing excessively high concentrations that could impact the biological treatment tank. During winter operation, the bacterial community in the biological treatment tank is not very efficient due to the low temperature. The electrode assembly can be used to heat the water and pre-treat the sewage concentration, thus treating the recalcitrant pollutants in advance. In addition, the electrolysis reactor can release heat during operation to heat the water, which can effectively improve the treatment efficiency and effect of the subsequent biological treatment stage.

[0090] The first anoxic tank (or the anoxic section 1 of the biological treatment tank): The effluent from the equalization tank enters the first anoxic tank. An aeration device and suspended packing can be installed inside the tank; under normal conditions, the perforated aeration device is closed. A flow-pushing agitator is installed inside the tank to mix the sludge and water. Iron precipitated from the electrode components in the equalization tank provides favorable conditions for anoxic biochemistry in the anoxic tank, supporting the growth of corresponding microbial communities, thus forming an enhanced biological anoxic tank.

[0091] Anaerobic tank (or anaerobic section 1 of the biological treatment tank): The effluent from the equalization tank consumes oxygen in the first anoxic tank and enters the anaerobic section with a significantly reduced oxygen content, which is conducive to the growth of anaerobic denitrifying bacteria. Electrolyzed iron from the equalization tank flows into the anaerobic section with the influent, meeting the growth requirements of the corresponding microbial community. This allows the denitrifying bacteria community to grow better than in conventional anaerobic tanks, resulting in higher nitrogen removal efficiency and stronger total nitrogen removal capacity, forming an enhanced anaerobic tank.

[0092] The first aerobic tank (or aerobic tank 1 in the biochemical section): The equalization tank degrades and removes recalcitrant organic matter, providing favorable and necessary conditions for the aerobic section to absorb and digest nutrients. Recalcitrant organic matter is electrolytically oxidized into easily degradable substances, which are convenient for the aerobic microbial community to absorb. Aeration devices and suspended packing materials can be installed in the tank.

[0093] The second anoxic tank (or biological anoxic tank 2): is a circulating biological tank to enhance denitrification capacity and form polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria. The first anoxic tank can adopt the same or similar structure as the first anoxic tank.

[0094] The second aerobic tank (or the second aerobic tank in the biological treatment section): It is used to enhance the absorption and digestion of pollutants in the aerobic section, and can adopt the same or similar structure as the first aerobic tank.

[0095] Water quality improvement and optimization tank (electrolytic electrode reactor, or optimization tank for short): When the water quality treatment in the biological treatment stage is not good, the electrolytic electrode reactor (e.g., electrode assembly with adjustable spacing) is turned on to help remove organic matter, total phosphorus and suspended solids.

[0096] Sedimentation tank (or secondary sedimentation tank): Inclined plate sedimentation devices or other suitable facilities can be used. The release of iron ions and electrons from the electrolytic reactor in the equalization tank and the optimization tank adsorbs and coagulates the activated sludge, accelerating the settling process in the sedimentation tank. Buffers can be installed to reduce water flow impact, assist settling, and reduce or prevent water flow turbulence on the activated sludge.

[0097] Filters (or sand filters): further reduce suspended solids and improve effluent quality.

[0098] Clear water pool: Water is discharged externally.

[0099] Equipment Room: The underground equipment room is raised and equipped with an emergency pump at the bottom for drainage. Rising water levels will not submerge the station's equipment, such as fans. This eliminates the need for pre-planning for an emergency pump pit in the civil engineering, reducing construction complexity.

[0100] The aeration device can be a perforated pipe, which is installed at the bottom of the tank and connected to an air supply pipe. Air (e.g., air) is supplied through the air supply pipe and enters the tank through the through holes in the perforated pipe wall. The oxygen in the perforated pipe dissolves into the water to form dissolved oxygen.

[0101] A gas supply control valve can be set to control the gas supply.

[0102] A main air supply pipe can be installed, extending to the bottom of each tank equipped with an aeration device. Each tank's aeration device is connected via a branch air supply pipe (connecting pipe). An air supply control valve can be installed on the branch air supply pipe to control the aeration of its respective tank.

[0103] Suspended packing materials can be three-dimensionally distributed flexible packing materials, or several packing units (e.g., spherical / block-shaped biological packing materials) can be connected to a three-dimensional packing frame in the tank, so that the packing units are roughly evenly distributed in the water in the tank, with gaps between the packing units. Compared with the packing material stacking method, this packing material setting method is more conducive to achieving a balanced distribution of packing materials in the tank, realizing the removal and renewal of dead sludge on the packing materials, maintaining sludge activity, improving the degree of purification, and reducing fluid resistance in the tank.

[0104] The packing frame can be any form that allows the packing units connected to it to be evenly distributed (uniformly / approximately uniformly distributed in any of the three directions: up / down, left / right, and front / back) within the corresponding water space. The packing units are connected to the packing frame according to the even distribution. For example, a three-dimensional mesh frame can be used as the packing frame. For example, several planar grids (grid structures) are set on a rigid three-dimensional frame with vertical spacing. The planar grids are connected into a whole by a rigid skeleton. Packing units are installed at the intersections of the grids, with gaps between the packing units. Thus, the packing frame fixes and supports each packing unit. In this implementation, the planar grid can be a rigid grid or a moderately taut flexible grid, which allows the planar grid and the packing units installed on it to have a certain degree of movement under the action of water flow, so as to facilitate more thorough mixing with water and facilitate sludge renewal.

[0105] Sedimentation tanks (and sand filters) can use overflow effluent to ensure the purification level of the effluent. The overflow weir can be set in the upper part of the tank, and an outlet channel is set on the outside of the overflow weir. The effluent flows into the subsequent clear water tank (or sand filter) through the outlet that connects to the subsequent clear water tank (or sand filter).

[0106] The bottom of the sedimentation tank can adopt a cone-shaped structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, with a sludge outlet (sludge outlet pipe) set at the bottom. A sludge discharge valve is installed on the sludge outlet (sludge outlet pipe) to facilitate the sedimentation of sludge at the bottom of the tank and control the sludge discharge.

[0107] The directional descriptions such as up, down, left, right, front, back, vertical, and horizontal used in this manual are only used to describe or limit the relative positions between the relevant parts / positions, and are not used to limit the actual orientation used (unless otherwise explicitly stated).

[0108] Unless otherwise specified, the preferred and optional technical means disclosed in this utility model can be arbitrarily combined to form several different specific embodiments when one preferred or optional technical means is a further limitation of another technical means.

Claims

1. An electrode assembly with adjustable electrode spacing, comprising two opposing electrode plates connected by an adjustable spacing connection method, characterized in that... It also includes an upper plate and a lower plate for fixing the electrode plate. The electrode plate is located between the upper plate and the lower plate, and its top and bottom are fastened to the upper plate and the lower plate respectively by fastening bolts. Both the upper plate and the lower plate are provided with adjustable mounting holes for passing through the corresponding fastening bolts. The adjustable mounting holes are strip-shaped holes with their length direction perpendicular to the electrode plate.

2. The electrode assembly as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The top of the central pad is higher than the top of the electrode plate and other pads, and may or may not have through holes for hanging or holding.

3. An electrode assembly with adjustable electrode spacing, comprising two opposing electrode plates connected by an adjustable spacing connection method, characterized in that... Two electrode plates are fixedly connected together by several adjustable bolts. The two electrode plates are provided with multiple corresponding through holes for fixed connection. The two ends of the adjustable bolts pass through the corresponding through holes on the two electrode plates respectively, and each bolt is provided with a clamping nut assembly for clamping the corresponding electrode plate. The clamping nut assembly includes an inner clamping nut located inside the corresponding electrode plate and an outer clamping nut located outside the corresponding electrode plate. The corresponding electrode plates are clamped by the corresponding inner clamping nut and outer clamping nut.

4. The electrode assembly as described in claim 3, characterized in that... The top of the central pad is higher than the top of the electrode plate and other pads, and may or may not have through holes for hanging or holding.

5. An electrode assembly with adjustable electrode spacing, comprising two opposing electrode plates connected by an adjustable spacing connection method, characterized in that... A pad is provided between the two electrode plates. The electrode plates and the pad are provided with several corresponding through holes and are fastened together by clamping bolts passing through the corresponding through holes.

6. The electrode assembly as described in claim 5, characterized in that... A fixing plate is also provided. The pad is only set on the upper part between the two electrode plates. The lower parts of the two electrodes pass through two insertion holes on the fixing plate and extend to the bottom of the fixing plate. The bottom of the pad is supported on the fixing plate located between the two insertion holes. The width of the insertion holes is greater than the width of the electrode plates.

7. The electrode assembly as described in claim 6, characterized in that... The number of pads located between the two electrode plates is one or more.

8. The electrode assembly as described in any one of claims 5-7, characterized in that... The top of the central pad is higher than the top of the electrode plate and other pads, and may or may not have through holes for hanging or holding.

9. A water treatment device with adjustable electrode spacing, comprising one or more electrode assemblies, characterized in that... At least one electrode assembly is an electrode assembly with adjustable electrode spacing as described in claims 1-8.

10. The water treatment apparatus as described in claim 9, characterized in that... The system includes a pretreatment tank or an electrocoagulation tank, which contains an electrode assembly with adjustable electrode spacing. The effluent from the pretreatment tank or electrocoagulation tank is connected to an aerobic tank, the effluent from the aerobic tank is connected to a secondary sedimentation tank, and the effluent from the secondary sedimentation tank is connected to a clear water tank. The pretreatment tank or electrocoagulation tank is used as an equalization tank.

11. The water treatment apparatus as described in claim 10, characterized in that... The aerobic tank may or may not contain electrode components. The electrode components in the aerobic tank may be electrode components with adjustable electrode spacing or electrode components with non-adjustable electrode spacing.

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