Impeller structure of turbo expander

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of energy power engineering, and discloses an impeller structure of a turbo expander, which comprises a rotating shaft and an impeller, a plurality of blades are fixedly connected to the outer side of the impeller, a connecting column is fixedly connected to the outer side of the impeller, the outer side of the connecting column is slidably connected in the rotating shaft, a fixing mechanism is arranged in the rotating shaft, and the fixing mechanism is fixedly connected with the impeller. An anti-falling mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the rotating shaft; the fixing mechanism comprises two hollow columns, the outer sides of the hollow columns are fixedly connected into the rotating shaft, pull rods are slidably connected into the hollow columns, gaskets are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the pull rods, and springs are arranged on the outer sides of the pull rods in a sleeving mode. When the impeller is replaced, the nut is twisted to be separated from the nut, the lower shell and the upper shell are opened, the pull ring is pulled to pull the pull rod out of the connecting column, and the old impeller is taken out; a new impeller is installed, the connecting column is inserted into the rotating shaft, the pull ring is loosened to enable the pull rod to rebound through the spring, the shell is closed, the fixing plate is fixed through the nut, and replacement is completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of energy and power engineering, and in particular to an impeller structure for a turbine expander. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of modern industrial technology, especially in the fields of petrochemicals, natural gas liquefaction, and cryogenics, the turbine expander, as a core piece of equipment for energy recovery and refrigeration, is finding increasingly widespread application. The turbine expander converts the pressure and thermal energy of high-pressure gas into mechanical energy through the expansion of the gas in an impeller, thereby achieving cryogenic refrigeration or outputting work. The impeller is the most critical core component of the turbine expander; its structural design and material properties directly determine the overall operating efficiency, stability, and service life of the machine.

[0003] However, existing turbine expander impeller structures still have some shortcomings. First, in terms of structural design, traditional impellers and shafts are mostly connected by interference fits or complex fasteners. This makes the disassembly and replacement of the impeller very cumbersome, time-consuming, and labor-intensive, which not only seriously affects the maintenance efficiency of the equipment, but also easily damages the main shaft or the impeller itself during disassembly and assembly, increasing maintenance costs and downtime, and affecting production. Second, in terms of blade materials, existing blades are mostly made of a single metal material. Under high-speed rotation and complex gas environments, their comprehensive performance is difficult to meet the stringent requirements. They generally suffer from insufficient strength, susceptibility to airflow erosion and wear, and poor resistance to chemical corrosion, resulting in easily damaged impeller blades, short service life, and the need for frequent replacement, which affects the long-term stable operation of the equipment. Therefore, a turbine expander impeller structure is proposed to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides an impeller structure for a turbine expander, aiming to improve the problems of inconvenient impeller disassembly and assembly, low blade strength, easy damage, and short service life in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An impeller structure for a turbo expander includes a rotating shaft and an impeller. Multiple blades are fixedly connected to the outer side of the impeller, and a connecting column is fixedly connected to the outer side of the impeller. The connecting column is slidably connected to the inside of the rotating shaft. A fixing mechanism is provided inside the rotating shaft, and an anti-detachment mechanism is provided on the outer side of the rotating shaft.

[0007] The fixing mechanism includes two hollow columns. The outer side of the hollow columns is fixedly connected to the inside of the rotating shaft. A pull rod is slidably connected inside the hollow columns. A washer is fixedly connected to the outer side of the pull rod. A spring is sleeved on the outer side of the pull rod.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0009] The blade is provided with an inner layer, an intermediate transition layer and an outer layer from the inside out;

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0011] The anti-detachment mechanism includes a lower shell and an upper shell. Both the lower shell and the upper shell are located on the outside of the rotating shaft. A second fixing plate is fixedly connected to the outside of the lower shell. The outside of the lower shell is rotatably connected to the outside of the upper shell. A first fixing plate is fixedly connected to the outside of the upper shell. A nut is slidably connected in the middle of the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate. A nut is threaded onto the outside of the nut.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0013] The gasket is slidably connected inside the hollow column, and a pull ring is rotatably connected to the end of the pull rod away from the gasket.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0015] One end of the spring abuts against the hollow column, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the top of the washer;

[0016] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0017] The inner layer is stainless steel, the intermediate transition layer is white corundum, and the outer layer is tungsten carbide cobalt chromium compound.

[0018] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0019] The top of the nut abuts against the bottom of the second fixing plate;

[0020] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0021] One end of one of the pull rods abuts against the inner wall of the upper shell, and one end of the other pull rod abuts against the inner wall of the lower shell. The outer side of the pull rod is inserted into the connecting post.

[0022] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. In this utility model, when the impeller needs to be replaced, twist the nut until the nut separates from the bolt, open and rotate the lower and upper shells, and pull the pull ring to pull the rod out of the connecting column. At this time, the impeller can be taken out of the shaft. Insert the connecting column on the new impeller into the shaft. Then, release and restore the pull ring. Due to the action of the spring, the rod will spring back. At this time, close the lower and upper shells, and fix the fixing plate one and fixing plate two with the nut and bolt. This makes the rod abut against the inner wall of the lower and upper shells, preventing the rod from falling off due to excessive shaft speed. This makes the connecting column stably fixed inside the shaft, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the impeller and fixing the detection head, solving the problem of difficult disassembly and replacement.

[0024] 2. In this utility model, the blade is made of a three-layer composite material with an inner layer of stainless steel, a middle transition layer of white corundum, and an outer layer of tungsten carbide cobalt chromium compound. This provides high strength, fatigue resistance, and temperature resistance, ensuring the structural stability of the blade under high-speed rotation, improving the bonding strength between the substrate and the coating, preventing coating peeling, resisting airflow erosion, particle wear, and chemical corrosion, and extending the blade's lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the impeller structure of a turbine expander proposed in this utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the nut structure of the impeller structure of a turbine expander proposed in this utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hollow column structure of the impeller of a turbine expander proposed in this utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hollow column cross-section of the impeller structure of a turbine expander proposed in this utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting column of the impeller structure of a turbine expander proposed in this utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the blade cross-section of the impeller structure of a turbine expander proposed in this utility model.

[0031] Legend:

[0032] 1. Shaft; 2. Impeller; 3. Lower shell; 4. Upper shell; 5. Connecting column; 6. Nut; 7. Fixing plate one; 8. Nut; 9. Fixing plate two; 10. Hollow column; 11. Tie rod; 12. Blade; 13. Washer; 14. Spring; 15. Inner layer; 16. Intermediate transition layer; 17. Outer layer. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0034] Reference Figures 1-5 An embodiment of this utility model is provided: an impeller structure of a turbo expander, including a rotating shaft 1 and an impeller 2. Multiple blades 12 are fixedly connected to the outside of the impeller 2. A connecting column 5 is fixedly connected to the outside of the impeller 2. The connecting column 5 is slidably connected to the inside of the rotating shaft 1. A fixing mechanism is provided inside the rotating shaft 1. An anti-detachment mechanism is provided on the outside of the rotating shaft 1.

[0035] The fixing mechanism includes two hollow columns 10. The outer side of the hollow column 10 is fixedly connected to the inside of the rotating shaft 1. A pull rod 11 is slidably connected inside the hollow column 10. A washer 13 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the pull rod 11. A spring 14 is sleeved on the outer side of the pull rod 11. The washer 13 is slidably connected inside the hollow column 10. A pull ring is rotatably connected to the end of the pull rod 11 away from the washer 13. One end of the spring 14 abuts against the hollow column 10, and the other end of the spring 14 is fixedly connected to the top of the washer 13.

[0036] The rotating shaft 1 is used to support and fix various parts, and is an important part for fixing the impeller 2. It provides an installation place for the fixing mechanism. The impeller 2 is used to install the blades 12. The connecting column 5 is used to connect the impeller 2 and the rotating shaft 1. The hollow column 10 is used to fix various parts and provides a movement place for the tie rod 11 and the washer 13. The tie rod 11 is used to insert into the connecting column 5 so that the impeller 2 is stably installed inside the rotating shaft 1. The spring 14 makes the tie rod 11 firmly fixed to the connecting column 5 when there is no external force. The washer 13 is used to fix the spring 14 and transmit the elastic force of the spring 14 to the tie rod 11. It is also used to make the tie rod 11 slide stably inside the hollow column 10.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The blade 12 is provided with an inner layer 15, an intermediate transition layer 16 and an outer layer 17 from the inside to the outside. The inner layer 15 is stainless steel, the intermediate transition layer 16 is white corundum, and the outer layer 17 is tungsten carbide cobalt chromium compound.

[0038] The blade 12 employs an advanced three-layer composite material structure to enhance its overall performance. The inner layer 15 is made of stainless steel, serving as the structural matrix of the blade 12. It provides core mechanical strength, fatigue resistance, and temperature resistance, ensuring the blade 12 maintains structural stability even under high-speed rotation. The intermediate transition layer 16 is made of white corundum, acting as a strong link between the inner layer 15 and the outer layer 17, improving the bonding strength between the matrix and the coating, thus effectively preventing the outer layer 17 coating from peeling off. The outer layer 17 is made of tungsten carbide cobalt-chromium compound, an extremely hard and corrosion-resistant material. Its function is to directly resist harsh external environments, effectively resisting the erosion of high-speed airflow, the wear of hard particles in the medium, and chemical corrosion, thereby providing comprehensive protection for the blade 12 and extending its overall service life.

[0039] Reference Figures 1-5 The anti-detachment mechanism includes a lower shell 3 and an upper shell 4. Both the lower shell 3 and the upper shell 4 are located on the outside of the rotating shaft 1. A fixing plate 2 9 is fixedly connected to the outside of the lower shell 3. The outside of the lower shell 3 is rotatably connected to the outside of the upper shell 4. A fixing plate 1 7 is fixedly connected to the outside of the upper shell 4. A nut 6 is slidably connected in the middle of the fixing plate 1 7 and the fixing plate 2 9. A nut 8 is threaded on the outside of the nut 6. The top of the nut 6 abuts against the bottom of the fixing plate 2 9. One end of a pull rod 11 abuts against the inner wall of the upper shell 4, and the other end of a pull rod 11 abuts against the inner wall of the lower shell 3. The outside of the pull rod 11 is inserted into the connecting column 5.

[0040] The lower shell 3 and the upper shell 4 enclose the pull rod 11 to prevent the pull rod 11 from detaching from the connecting column 5 due to the centrifugal force caused by the high rotation speed of the shaft 1, which would cause the impeller 2 to fall off. The fixing plate 1 7 and the fixing plate 2 9 are used to install the nut 6 and the screw 8. The nut 6 and the screw 8 are used to tighten the fixing plate 1 7 and the fixing plate 2 9 to prevent the lower shell 3 and the upper shell 4 from loosening, so that the pull rod 11 is stably inserted into the connecting column 5.

[0041] Working principle: When impeller 2 needs to be replaced, twist nut 6 until nut 6 separates from nut 8, opening the lower shell 3 and upper shell 4. At this time, rotate and pull the pull ring, and the pull rod 11 moves accordingly. When the pull rod 11 is pulled out from the connecting post 5, the impeller 2 can be taken out from the rotating shaft 1. Reinsert the connecting post 5 on the impeller 2 that needs to be replaced into the rotating shaft 1. At this time, loosen and restore the pull ring. Due to the action of spring 14, the pull rod 11 springs back, allowing the pull rod 11 to insert into the connecting post 5, thereby fixing the impeller 2. This solves the problem of difficult disassembly and replacement of turbine expander impeller 2. At this time, close the lower shell 3 and upper shell 4, and use nut 6 and nut 8 to fix the fixing plate 1 7 and fixing plate 2 9, so that the pull rod 11 abuts against the inner wall of the lower shell 3 and upper shell 4, preventing the pull rod 11 from falling off due to excessive rotation speed of the rotating shaft 1. This ensures that the connecting post 5 is stably fixed inside the rotating shaft 1, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the impeller 2.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An impeller structure for a turbo expander, comprising a shaft (1) and an impeller (2), characterized in that: Multiple blades (12) are fixedly connected to the outside of the impeller (2), and a connecting column (5) is fixedly connected to the outside of the impeller (2). The connecting column (5) is slidably connected to the inside of the rotating shaft (1). A fixing mechanism is provided inside the rotating shaft (1), and an anti-detachment mechanism is provided on the outside of the rotating shaft (1). The fixing mechanism includes two hollow columns (10), the outer side of which is fixedly connected to the inside of the rotating shaft (1), a pull rod (11) is slidably connected inside the hollow column (10), a washer (13) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the pull rod (11), and a spring (14) is sleeved on the outer side of the pull rod (11).

2. The impeller structure of a turbine expander according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade (12) is provided with an inner layer (15), an intermediate transition layer (16) and an outer layer (17) from the inside to the outside.

3. The impeller structure of a turbine expander according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-detachment mechanism includes a lower shell (3) and an upper shell (4). Both the lower shell (3) and the upper shell (4) are located outside the rotating shaft (1). A second fixing plate (9) is fixedly connected to the outside of the lower shell (3). The outside of the lower shell (3) is rotatably connected to the outside of the upper shell (4). A first fixing plate (7) is fixedly connected to the outside of the upper shell (4). A nut (6) is slidably connected in the middle of the first fixing plate (7) and the second fixing plate (9). A nut (8) is threaded onto the outside of the nut (6).

4. The impeller structure of a turbine expander according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gasket (13) is slidably connected inside the hollow column (10), and a pull ring is rotatably connected to the end of the pull rod (11) away from the gasket (13).

5. The impeller structure of a turbine expander according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the spring (14) abuts against the hollow column (10), and the other end of the spring (14) is fixedly connected to the top of the gasket (13).

6. The impeller structure of a turbine expander according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner layer (15) is stainless steel, the intermediate transition layer (16) is white corundum, and the outer layer (17) is tungsten carbide cobalt chromium compound.

7. The impeller structure of a turbine expander according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the nut (6) abuts against the bottom of the fixing plate (9).

8. The impeller structure of a turbine expander according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of one of the pull rods (11) abuts against the inner wall of the upper shell (4), and one end of the other pull rod (11) abuts against the inner wall of the lower shell (3). The outer side of the pull rod (11) is inserted into the connecting post (5).

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