Rotary speed reducer for hydraulic accessory

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of speed reducers, and discloses a rotary speed reducer for a hydraulic accessory, which comprises a base, a shell arranged at the end part of the base and a rotary support arranged in the shell, the slewing bearing comprises an inner ring body and an outer ring body which are rotationally connected through a rolling body, the inner ring body is fixed to the shell through a bolt, a lubricating gap exists between the periphery of the outer ring body and the inner wall of the shell, and the outer ring body and the inner wall of the shell are sealed through a framework oil seal; a hydraulic motor used for driving the outer ring body to rotate is installed on the side portion of the base. The inner ring body of the slewing bearing is fixed to the shell, the outer ring body of the slewing bearing is meshed with the gear driven by the hydraulic motor, a transmission mode of fixing the inner ring and rotating the outer ring is formed, measured data shows that the transmission efficiency of the design reaches more than 90% and is improved by 50% compared with a traditional worm and gear speed reducer, the shaking amplitude under the vertical transmission working condition is smaller than or equal to 0.5 degree, and the service life of the slewing bearing is prolonged. And the requirement of the hydraulic accessory for precise rotation is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of speed reducer technology, specifically a rotary speed reducer for hydraulic attachments. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of social construction, the construction machinery industry has also made great progress, placing more stringent requirements on the flexibility and multi-functionality of excavators. To meet these needs, various professional attachments have sprung up like mushrooms after rain. Among them, hydraulic wrist attachments have received widespread attention due to their unique multi-functionality.

[0003] In the field of construction machinery, such as the hydraulic attachments of excavators and loaders, the shortcomings of traditional worm gear reducers are quite prominent, as follows:

[0004] 1. Low transmission efficiency and significant energy loss.

[0005] Traditional worm gear reducers typically have a transmission efficiency of only 40%. Under conditions of frequent start-stop and heavy-load operation of hydraulic attachments, energy loss is significant. For example, when a mining excavator uses a traditional reducer to drive a breaker hammer, the hydraulic system input power is 50kW, but the actual output power is only 20kW. The extra 30kW of energy is converted into heat, causing the reducer temperature to rise significantly. An additional cooling system is required, increasing equipment costs. At the same time, high energy consumption increases fuel consumption.

[0006] 2. Poor vertical transmission stability and insufficient operational accuracy.

[0007] Traditional worm gear reducers are prone to significant vibration during vertical transmission, with vibration amplitude reaching ±3°, which seriously affects operational accuracy. In a municipal engineering project, when hydraulic grab buckets were used for pipeline laying, the vibration of the reducer caused large positioning deviations of the grab buckets, requiring multiple adjustments and extending the laying time of a single section of pipeline, resulting in overall project delays and significant economic losses. Moreover, in precision operation scenarios (such as cultural relic excavation), the vibration of traditional reducers may even damage cultural relics, posing a significant safety risk.

[0008] To address the aforementioned problems, this application proposes a rotary reducer for hydraulic attachments. Utility Model Content

[0009] To address the technical problems existing in the background art, this utility model proposes a rotary reducer for hydraulic attachments.

[0010] The present invention discloses a rotary reducer for hydraulic attachments, comprising a base, a housing mounted at the end of the base, and a rotary bearing mounted inside the housing;

[0011] The slewing bearing includes an inner ring and an outer ring that are rotatably connected by rolling elements. The inner ring is fixed to the housing by bolts, and there is a lubrication gap between the outer circumference of the outer ring and the inner wall of the housing, which is sealed by a skeleton oil seal.

[0012] A hydraulic motor for driving the outer ring body to rotate is installed on the side of the base;

[0013] To address the issues of low transmission efficiency and easy vibration in vertical transmission of traditional worm gear reducers, this design uses a slewing bearing to replace the traditional structure. The inner ring is fixed to the housing, while the outer ring is driven by a hydraulic motor, forming a transmission mode of "fixed inner ring + rotating outer ring", which effectively improves transmission efficiency. The lubrication gap is combined with a skeleton oil seal to ensure the formation of a lubricating oil film and prevent leakage, thereby reducing the actual leakage amount.

[0014] This reducer can be adapted to hydraulic systems with pressures of 10-35MPa and output speeds of 0-150rpm, meeting the hydraulic attachment requirements of various engineering machinery such as excavators and loaders. In different working conditions such as municipal construction and mining, by replacing the slewing bearing and hydraulic motor of the corresponding specifications, the equipment compatibility rate reaches more than 90%, which significantly expands the application range compared to traditional single-function reducers.

[0015] As a further optimized solution of this utility model, the base has a cavity that communicates with the shell, the output end of the hydraulic motor extends into the cavity and is equipped with a gear, and the outer circumference of the outer ring has a toothed ring that is centered and meshes with the gear.

[0016] The gear and ring gear meshing transmission has a precise and controllable transmission ratio, and the cavity design allows the gears to be lubricated with oil, improving the transmission effect.

[0017] As a further optimized solution of this utility model, one end of the outer ring body has an annular step, the toothed ring is fixedly fitted on the outer circumference of the annular step, and the lubrication gap formed by the other end of the outer ring body and the inner wall of the shell is adapted to the skeleton oil seal.

[0018] The annular step provides a positioning reference for the gear ring, and the interference fit ensures that the gear ring and the outer ring rotate synchronously. The oil seal lip of the skeleton contacts the surface of the outer ring to prevent dust from entering.

[0019] As a further optimized solution of this utility model, a retaining ring is provided between the inner ring body and the outer ring body. One end of the retaining ring is engaged with the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring body, and the other end of the retaining ring overlaps the end face of the inner ring body.

[0020] The retaining ring's snap-fit ​​end is embedded in the inner circumferential groove of the outer ring, and the overlapping end presses against the end face of the inner ring body. It can withstand a high axial force to prevent the rolling elements from falling off. The snap-fit ​​fit clearance is small to ensure accurate axial positioning of the retaining ring.

[0021] As a further optimized solution of this utility model, the retaining ring includes a retaining ring body. One end of the retaining ring body is snapped onto the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring body. The other end of the retaining ring body is flush with the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring body and is equipped with an annular blocking part. The cross-section of the annular blocking part is triangular, and the end away from the retaining ring body is inclined towards the center of the inner ring body and overlaps with the end face of the inner ring body.

[0022] As a further optimized solution of this utility model, the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring body is provided with an annular groove that is adapted to the retaining ring body. Both end faces of the retaining ring body have anti-slip parts, and the anti-slip parts are in close contact with the inner wall of the annular groove.

[0023] The annular groove is interference-fitted with the retaining ring body, and the anti-slip part increases the friction to prevent the retaining ring from moving around in the circumference.

[0024] As a further optimization of this utility model, a sealing groove is provided on the inner wall of the shell, which is opposite to the end face of the inner ring body, and a sealing ring is provided on one end face of the inner ring body, and the sealing ring and the sealing groove are interference fit.

[0025] The sealing groove and the sealing ring are interference-fitted to prevent oil leakage between the housing and the inner ring. The sealing ring is made of nitrile rubber.

[0026] As a further optimization of this utility model, the inner wall of the shell is provided with a slot opposite to the end face of the inner ring body, and a block adapted to the slot is installed on one side end face of the inner ring body. The sealing groove is provided on the inner wall of the slot, and the block is provided with a groove for accommodating the sealing ring.

[0027] The slot and block position the inner ring to prevent radial offset, and the groove precisely positions the sealing ring to avoid misalignment that could lead to seal failure.

[0028] As a further optimized solution of this utility model, the inner wall of the shell is provided with an annular track groove opposite to the end face of the inner ring body, and the end face of the outer ring body away from the skeleton oil seal is equipped with a ball that is adapted to and corresponds to the annular track groove. The outer ring body is movably connected to the annular track groove through the ball.

[0029] The annular track groove and the ball form a rolling pair, with a low rolling friction coefficient, which significantly reduces the sliding friction resistance and improves the actual load-bearing capacity. It is suitable for heavy hydraulic attachments such as breakers and grabs.

[0030] The rotary reducer for hydraulic attachments proposed in this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] (i) The inner ring of the slewing bearing is fixed to the housing, and the outer ring meshes with the gear driven by the hydraulic motor to form a transmission mode of "fixed inner ring + rotating outer ring". Actual test data shows that the transmission efficiency of this design is over 90%, which is 50% higher than that of the traditional worm gear reducer. Moreover, the vibration amplitude is ≤0.5° under vertical transmission conditions, which meets the requirements of hydraulic attachments for precise rotation.

[0032] Taking a mining excavator as an example, after using this reducer, when the hydraulic system input power is 50kW, the output power increases from 35kW to 46kW, reducing energy loss by 11kW, eliminating the need for an additional cooling system, reducing equipment costs, and reducing fuel consumption.

[0033] (ii) The lubrication gap between the outer ring and the housing is sealed by a skeleton oil seal. The sealing ring on the end face of the inner ring is interference-fitted with the sealing groove to form a double sealing barrier. According to the test, this structure makes the lubricating oil leakage ≤0.1L / 1000 hours and the dust intrusion rate <0.1%, which improves the sealing performance by 5 times compared with the traditional design. In the mining conditions with high dust concentration, after the equipment has been running continuously for 6000 hours, the wear of the internal rolling elements is reduced by 60%, which helps to extend the actual service life.

[0034] (iii) The retaining ring body is snapped into the annular groove on the inner circumference of the outer ring, the anti-slip parts on both sides are in close contact with the groove wall, and the annular shielding part overlaps the end face of the inner ring body. It can withstand 50kN axial force. Under the condition of frequent start and stop of hydraulic attachments, this design reduces the failure rate of the transmission system from 20% to 4%. For example, after using this reducer, the positioning deviation of the hydraulic grab bucket of a municipal project was reduced from ±3° to ±0.5°, the laying time of a single section of pipeline was shortened by 50%, and the construction period was avoided due to vibration.

[0035] (iv) The outer ring body forms a rolling pair with the annular track groove of the shell through the rolling balls. The friction coefficient is only 0.0015, which reduces the sliding friction resistance by 90% compared with the traditional sliding friction resistance. This structure can withstand a radial load of 300kN and is suitable for heavy attachments such as breakers and grabs. An application example of a mine breaker shows that the reducer can still maintain smooth transmission without obvious vibration when the output speed is 100rpm under a hydraulic pressure of 25MPa, and the working efficiency is improved by 40%.

[0036] (v) The meshing transmission ratio of the hydraulic motor and gear is precisely controllable, and the output speed is continuously adjustable from 0 to 150 rpm, which meets the hydraulic attachment requirements of various engineering machinery such as excavators and loaders. In precision operations such as cultural relic excavation, the low vibration characteristics of this reducer can avoid damage to cultural relics caused by operational errors. In municipal construction, the speed can be adjusted to adapt to different operational precision requirements, realizing "one machine for multiple uses" and improving equipment utilization.

[0037] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a frontal cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the slewing bearing of this utility model;

[0042] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the slewing bearing and the housing in one embodiment of this utility model;

[0043] Figure 6 This utility model Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0044] Figure 7 This utility model Figure 6 A magnified structural diagram at point B in the middle.

[0045] Figure descriptions: 1. Base; 2. Housing; 3. Slewing bearing; 31. Inner ring; 32. Outer ring; 4. Oil seal; 5. Hydraulic motor; 6. Gear; 7. Retaining ring; 71. Retaining ring body; 72. Annular shield; 73. Anti-slip part; 8. Sealing ring; 9. Slot; 10. Block; 11. Ball; 12. Annular track groove. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar symbols denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0047] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0048] In the field of engineering machinery, traditional worm gear reducers suffer from low transmission efficiency and easy vibration during vertical transmission when applied to hydraulic attachments. The rotary reducer for hydraulic attachments provided by this utility model achieves high-efficiency transmission and stable operation through an innovative combination of a slewing bearing and a hydraulic motor. Its specific implementation method is as follows:

[0049] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the reducer consists of a base 1, a housing 2, and an internal slewing bearing 3. The slewing bearing 3 includes an inner ring 31 and an outer ring 32, which are rotatably connected by rolling elements. The inner ring 31 is fixed to the housing 2 by bolts. The outer circumference of the outer ring 32 forms a lubrication gap with the inner wall of the housing 2, which is sealed by a skeleton oil seal 4. A hydraulic motor 5 is installed on the side of the base 1, and its output gear 6 meshes with the gear ring on the outer circumference of the outer ring 32, driving the outer ring 32 to rotate.

[0050] The hydraulic motor 5 is equipped with an integrated buffer relief valve, which can balance the pressure in the hydraulic system when the pressure and flow rate change abnormally, and prevent the system from being damaged due to pressure overload.

[0051] Specifically, the hydraulic motor 5 outputs power and transmits it to the gear ring of the outer ring body 32 via the gear 6, causing the outer ring body 32 to rotate around the inner ring body 31. The annular step on the outer circumference of one end of the outer ring body 32 provides a positioning reference for the gear ring. The interference fit ensures synchronous rotation. A lubricating oil film is formed in the lubrication gap on the other end of the outer circumference. The lip of the skeleton oil seal 4 is in close contact with the surface of the outer ring body 32 to prevent lubricating oil leakage and dust intrusion. Actual test data shows that the efficiency of this transmission mode reaches more than 92%, which is 30% higher than that of the traditional worm gear reducer.

[0052] Specifically, such as Figures 2-4 As shown, the retaining ring 7 between the inner ring body 31 and the outer ring body 32 bears the axial force;

[0053] Furthermore, as shown in the figure Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the retaining ring body 71 is snapped into the annular groove on the inner circumference of the outer ring body 32, and the anti-slip parts 73 on both sides are in close contact with the groove wall to prevent circumferential movement. The cross-section of the annular blocking part 72 is triangular and is inclined to overlap the end face of the inner ring body 31. It can withstand an axial force of up to 50kN to prevent the rolling elements from falling off. It is suitable for the working conditions of frequent start and stop of hydraulic attachments.

[0054] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the skeleton oil seal 4 is installed on the inner wall of the housing 2 and is interference-fitted with the outer circumference of the outer ring body 32. The sealing pressure reaches 0.8MPa, preventing lubricating oil leakage and dust intrusion.

[0055] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the groove 9 on the inner wall of the housing 2 is positioned in conjunction with the block 10 of the inner ring 31. The sealing ring 8 in the groove of the block 10 is interference-fitted with the sealing groove, with a sealing pressure of 1.2MPa, forming a second sealing barrier. The double sealing reduces the lubricating oil leakage to below 0.1L / 1000h.

[0056] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, the annular track groove 12 on the inner wall of the housing 2 and the ball 11 on the end face of the outer ring body 32 form a rolling pair with a rolling friction coefficient of only 0.0015, which is more than 90% lower than the sliding friction resistance. This design can withstand a radial load of 300kN and is suitable for heavy hydraulic attachments such as breakers and grabs, ensuring smooth transmission without vibration.

[0057] In one embodiment, an application example of a hydraulic grab bucket for an excavator shows that, under vertical transmission conditions, the vibration amplitude of the reducer is reduced from ±3° in the traditional design to ±0.5°, significantly improving positioning accuracy. The output speed is continuously adjustable from 0 to 150 rpm, adapting to different operational needs, and increasing single-operation efficiency by 40%.

[0058] The modular design makes maintenance convenient, and the replacement time of the skeleton oil seal 4 and sealing ring 8 is reduced to 30 minutes. By replacing the slewing bearing 3 and hydraulic motor 5 of different specifications, it can be adapted to hydraulic system pressures of 10-35MPa. The equipment compatibility rate is over 90%, and it is widely used in municipal construction, mining and other scenarios. Compared with traditional single-function reducers, it reduces equipment procurement costs by 50%.

[0059] In one embodiment, during the operation of a hydraulic breaker in a mine, the reducer operates according to the following process:

[0060] S1 Installation and Debugging: The inner ring body 31 is fixed to the housing 2 by bolts, the outer ring body 32 gear ring meshes with the gear 6 of the hydraulic motor 5, the lubrication gap is adjusted to 0.2mm, and the skeleton oil seal 4 and sealing ring 8 are installed;

[0061] S2 operation process: The hydraulic system supplies oil pressure of 25MPa, the hydraulic motor 5 drives the gear 6 to rotate, which drives the outer ring body 32 to rotate at a speed of 100rpm, and the breaker hammer achieves precise positioning and crushing; the retaining ring 7 bears the axial impact force, the ball 11 supports the radial load, and the double sealing system ensures no oil leakage.

[0062] S3 Maintenance: Check the wear of the skeleton oil seal 4 every 500 hours, and add lubricating oil through the oil injection hole on the housing 2 to ensure the stability of the oil film in the lubrication gap.

[0063] In summary, this reducer, through innovative mechanical structure design, solves the problems of low transmission efficiency and poor stability of traditional hydraulic attachments, providing a reliable solution for the intelligent and efficient development of engineering machinery.

[0064] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A rotary reducer for hydraulic attachments, comprising a base (1), a housing (2) mounted at the end of the base (1), and a rotary bearing (3) mounted within the housing (2), characterized in that, The slewing bearing (3) includes an inner ring (31) and an outer ring (32) rotatably connected by rolling elements. The inner ring (31) is fixed to the housing (2) by bolts. The outer circumference of the outer ring (32) has a lubrication gap with the inner wall of the housing (2) and is sealed by a skeleton oil seal (4). A hydraulic motor (5) for driving the outer ring body (32) to rotate is installed on the side of the base (1).

2. A rotary reducer for hydraulic attachments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (1) has a cavity that communicates with the housing (2). The output end of the hydraulic motor (5) extends into the cavity and is equipped with a gear (6). The outer ring (32) has a toothed ring that is centered on the outer periphery and meshes with the gear (6).

3. A rotary reducer for hydraulic attachments according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the outer ring body (32) has an annular step, and the toothed ring is fixedly fitted on the outer circumference of the annular step. The lubrication gap formed by the outer circumference of the other end of the outer ring body (32) and the inner wall of the housing (2) is adapted to the skeleton oil seal (4).

4. A rotary reducer for hydraulic attachments according to claim 1, characterized in that, A retaining ring (7) is provided between the inner ring body (31) and the outer ring body (32). One end of the retaining ring (7) is engaged with the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring body (32), and the other end of the retaining ring (7) overlaps the end face of the inner ring body (31).

5. A rotary reducer for hydraulic attachments according to claim 4, characterized in that, The retaining ring (7) includes a retaining ring body (71). One end of the retaining ring body (71) is snapped onto the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring body (32). The other end of the retaining ring body (71) is flush with the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring body (32) and is equipped with an annular blocking part (72). The cross-section of the annular blocking part (72) is triangular, and the end away from the retaining ring body (71) is inclined toward the center of the inner ring body (31) and overlaps with the end face of the inner ring body (31).

6. A rotary reducer for hydraulic attachments according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner circumferential surface of the outer ring body (32) is provided with an annular groove that is compatible with the retaining ring body (71). Both ends of the retaining ring body (71) have anti-slip parts (73), and the anti-slip parts (73) are in close contact with the inner wall of the annular groove.

7. A rotary reducer for hydraulic attachments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the housing (2) is provided with a sealing groove opposite to the end face of the inner ring body (31). A sealing ring (8) is provided on one side end face of the inner ring body (31), and the sealing ring (8) is interference-fitted with the sealing groove.

8. A rotary reducer for hydraulic attachments according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inner wall of the housing (2) is provided with a slot (9) opposite to the end face of the inner ring body (31). A block (10) adapted to the slot (9) is installed on one side end face of the inner ring body (31). A sealing groove is provided on the inner wall of the slot (9). A groove for accommodating the sealing ring (8) is provided on the block (10).

9. A rotary reducer for hydraulic attachments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the housing (2) is provided with an annular track groove (12) opposite to the end face of the inner ring body (31). The outer ring body (32) is provided with a ball (11) that is compatible with and corresponds to the annular track groove (12) on the side end face away from the skeleton oil seal (4). The outer ring body (32) is movably connected to the annular track groove (12) through the ball (11).

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