Floating type normal-pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system

Abstract

The utility model provides a floating type normal-pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system, and the system comprises a normal-pressure hydrogen bag which is disposed on an idle water surface below or beside a photovoltaic cell panel. The hydrogen production machine is communicated with the normal-pressure hydrogen bag and the hydrogen fuel power generation device through a hydrogen pipeline, and photovoltaic electric energy is gathered and concentrated through a photovoltaic wire, so that the electric energy is converted into hydrogen for normal-pressure storage. According to the invention, the continuity and stability of power supply can be ensured, and a new low-cost technical path can be provided for replacing thermal power by photovoltaic power generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of water surface photovoltaic power generation and hydrogen energy storage technology, specifically relating to a floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation relies on sunlight, resulting in significant intermittency and instability in its output. At night, on cloudy days, or during rainy weather, the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation systems drops sharply or even stops, leading to unstable power supply and difficulty in meeting continuous and stable electricity demand. This poses challenges to grid dispatch and operation. As a clean energy technology, the cost per kilowatt-hour of photovoltaic power generation has decreased significantly in recent years, with reports indicating that the cost per kilowatt-hour for some photovoltaic power plants has dropped to 0.10 yuan. Despite the substantial reduction in photovoltaic power generation costs, energy storage costs remain high, becoming a major obstacle to the large-scale replacement of traditional thermal power.

[0003] Energy storage technology has evolved over decades and now encompasses various forms, including battery energy storage, pumped hydro storage, compressed air energy storage, flywheel energy storage, and hydrogen energy storage. Battery energy storage boasts high energy conversion efficiency (typically between 85% and 95%). Currently, the most mature electrochemical energy storage technology is lithium iron phosphate battery technology, but its cost remains high, with the latest report indicating a total lifecycle cost of RMB 0.62 per kWh. Pumped hydro storage is a mature technology with high economic efficiency, providing large-scale, long-term energy storage solutions suitable for power system peak shaving and frequency regulation, with the latest report indicating a cost of RMB 0.21 per kWh. However, its initial construction investment is large, and its site selection requirements are stringent, limiting its applicability. Compressed air energy storage has the potential for large-scale, long-term energy storage, but its energy conversion efficiency is relatively low (between 40% and 70%), the system is complex, and it is dependent on geological conditions. Flywheel energy storage excels in high power density, long lifespan, and fast response, making it suitable for short-term energy storage and high-frequency regulation. However, its low energy density and high manufacturing cost limit its application in large-scale energy storage. Hydrogen production and storage via water electrolysis enable ultra-long-term energy storage, making it particularly suitable for integration with renewable energy sources. High-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage technology is currently the most mature and commonly used method, but it consumes approximately 25% of its energy (electrical or mechanical) during the compression and release of hydrogen, resulting in high energy consumption and cost. Atmospheric-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage is uneconomical and impractical due to its large volume, huge footprint, and lack of reported applications.

[0004] "A type of nearshore floating solar photovoltaic device (CN115743435A)", which "is composed of an array module formed by connecting multiple floating photovoltaic modules through flexible cables; the floating photovoltaic module includes a base plate, a float is installed at the bottom of the base plate, multiple photovoltaic modules are installed at the top of the base plate, and the photovoltaic modules are connected to the base plate through a bracket, and the photovoltaic modules are inclined, with their inclination direction facing the wave-facing side."

[0005] As is well known, high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage technology faces problems in practical applications, such as high energy consumption during compression and release processes, large investment in high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks, the need to occupy a large amount of land resources, and high maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system to reduce energy storage costs, ensure the continuity and stability of power supply, and provide a new low-cost technical path for photovoltaic power generation to replace thermal power.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, this application provides a floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system as follows.

[0008] This application provides a floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system, including photovoltaic panels (i.e., photovoltaic units), a hydrogen generator (e.g., a water electrolysis hydrogen generator), a hydrogen tank (e.g., a hydrogen storage container), a hydrogen fuel power generation device (e.g., a hydrogen fuel cell), and corresponding pipelines and circuits; characterized in that:

[0009] ① The hydrogen tank is an atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag (such as a flexible inner tube) used to store atmospheric pressure gaseous hydrogen; although atmospheric pressure bags have traditionally occupied a large area and have not been used to store atmospheric pressure gaseous hydrogen.

[0010] ② A photovoltaic panel and an atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag are combined into one unit to form a photovoltaic-hydrogen fusion device that floats on the water surface. The atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag in this device is located in the open space below the photovoltaic panel. The photovoltaic panel is used as a sunshade to provide the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag with shade, rain protection, and protection from impacts from falling objects above, thereby achieving efficient utilization and sharing of water surface and space resources and reducing the cost of using water surface and space. Alternatively, the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag in this photovoltaic-hydrogen fusion device floats on the water surface next to the photovoltaic panel, thereby achieving efficient utilization and sharing of water surface and open space resources and reducing the cost of using water surface and space.

[0011] ③ A hydrogen generator is connected to multiple atmospheric pressure hydrogen bags via hydrogen pipelines to distribute the centrally produced hydrogen to each atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag for distributed storage; during the process of filling the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag with hydrogen, the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag gradually expands to increase its volume and provide space for hydrogen to expand, so that the gas pressure inside the bag is basically consistent with the external atmospheric pressure, with a pressure difference of less than 0.28 MPa, preferably less than 0.015 MPa;

[0012] ④ Multiple atmospheric pressure hydrogen bags are connected to a hydrogen fuel power generation unit (including a group of multiple hydrogen fuel power generation units) through hydrogen pipelines. This is used to return and centrally use the distributed hydrogen storage, so as to provide a continuous and sufficient fuel for the hydrogen fuel power generation unit and ensure continuous and stable power generation even during periods without sunshine.

[0013] ⑤ There are n≥3 (n≥9 or 18 is a better configuration) photovoltaic-hydrogen fusion devices dispersed on the same water surface. The safe distance L between adjacent atmospheric pressure hydrogen bags is not less than 1 meter (the optimal distance is 3-9 meters, the best is not less than 5 meters, and the most reliable safe distance L≥15 meters) to form a distributed safe hydrogen storage pattern and prevent a chain reaction (such as an explosion) when a single atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag fails. In other words, numerous photovoltaic-hydrogen fusion devices are clustered on the water surface at a preset safe distance L. In order to ensure that the safe distance L between adjacent atmospheric pressure hydrogen bags is large and to avoid wasting water surface resources, a design with a large head and small feet can be adopted, so that the horizontal projection area of ​​the photovoltaic panel is 1.2-12 times the horizontal projection area of ​​the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag.

[0014] ⑥ Multiple photovoltaic panels are electrically connected to a hydrogen generator (including a group of multiple hydrogen generators) via photovoltaic wires. This is used to collect and concentrate the electrical energy generated by the multiple photovoltaic panels, convert it into hydrogen (hydrogen energy) for storage, and use it to generate electricity when there is no sunlight.

[0015] The floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system described in this application effectively solves the problems of high cost and high energy consumption in traditional photovoltaic hydrogen power generation systems through innovative space sharing and energy management strategies, improves the overall efficiency of power generation and energy storage, and ensures the continuity and stability of power supply.

[0016] The reason this application chooses retractable containers such as atmospheric pressure hydrogen bags to store hydrogen is because they can regulate gas storage and emission, are energy-efficient, easy to empty, and have low cost. Atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage was chosen instead of high-pressure hydrogen storage because it consumes no energy for compression / release, is energy-efficient, and low-cost; its only drawback is its large footprint. However, this application cleverly utilizes the unused space / gaps below and beside the photovoltaic panels, ingeniously solving the problem of the large footprint required for atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage.

[0017] Preferably, the floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system is characterized in that: the hydrogen generator is an electrolytic water hydrogen generator, the hydrogen tank is an atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag (i.e., an atmospheric pressure container such as a flexible hydrogen tank), and the hydrogen fuel power generation device is a hydrogen fuel cell.

[0018] Preferably, the floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system is characterized in that: the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag is surrounded by a protective layer (such as a protective sleeve, protective cover, protective net, protective tent, protective railing, rigid shell, protective wall and other protective facilities), and the two (i.e. the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag and its protective layer) constitute a hydrogen tank that is flexible inside and strong outside, which is used to prevent accidental impacts from all sides (such as preventing marine animals from biting or attacking) so as to prevent the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag from being damaged and leaking gas.

[0019] Preferably, the floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system is characterized in that: the photovoltaic panel, the rigid protective layer, the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag, the hydrogen pores, and the vent holes together constitute an atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic tank (the photovoltaic panel power generation unit and the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag energy storage unit are integrated into one unit).

[0020] Preferably, the floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system is characterized by: a rigid outer shell as the protective layer, used to protect the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag (placed inside the rigid outer shell); vents communicating with the outside are provided on the rigid outer shell; the photovoltaic panel, rigid outer shell (protective layer), atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag, hydrogen vents, and vents together constitute a rigid-on-the-outer, flexible-on-the-inner photovoltaic-hydrogen fusion device—an atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic tank—combining the photovoltaic panel and hydrogen tank into one unit; during the process of hydrogen being fed into the atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic tank... The atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag expands to increase its volume and store hydrogen. The gas between the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag and the rigid outer shell is squeezed out through the vent to ensure that the gas pressure inside the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag is basically the same as the external atmospheric pressure (i.e., the pressure difference between the inside and outside is not large). During the process of sending hydrogen out of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic tank, the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag contracts and collapses to reduce its volume and squeeze out the hydrogen. The space between the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag and the rigid outer shell draws in gas through the vent to ensure that the gas pressure inside the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag is (basically) the same as the external atmospheric pressure (i.e., the pressure difference between the inside and outside is not large).

[0021] Preferably, the floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system is characterized in that: the safe height G of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag is between 0.20 and 8.25 meters, and preferably the safe length C is between 0.5 and 55 meters or 0.5 and 35 meters, to ensure that the atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic tank can safely store 1 to 40 days of photovoltaic power, that is, it can store the total amount of electricity generated by the photovoltaic panels over 1 to 40 days.

[0022] Preferably, the floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system is characterized in that: the length × width of a single atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag is less than or equal to the length × width of a single photovoltaic panel unit, in order to ensure that the photovoltaic panel unit has a sufficiently large area to shield the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag from light and rain.

[0023] Preferably, the floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system is characterized in that: a hydrogen sensor is installed between the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag and the rigid shell to monitor in real time whether the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag is leaking.

[0024] Preferably, the floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system is characterized in that: the design working pressure of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag does not exceed 0.28 MPa, preferably not more than 0.015 MPa, and most preferably not more than 0.01 MPa, to create positive pressure inside the bag to prevent accidental air entry and safety accidents, avoid compression energy consumption, reduce hydrogen leakage rate, and extend the bag's service life. Studies show that when the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the bag exceeds 0.01 MPa, the cost of the bag increases; when the pressure difference exceeds 0.28 MPa, the cost of the bag increases significantly, the energy consumption for compressing hydrogen also increases significantly, and it is prone to bursting and leakage. This application considers a safe working pressure less than 0.28 MPa, which is unlikely to cause bursting, as atmospheric pressure. That is, the atmospheric pressure mentioned in this application includes low pressures ≤ 0.28 MPa.

[0025] Preferably, the floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system is characterized in that: the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag is connected to an automatic pressure relief safety valve to prevent excessive pressure inside the bag, thereby avoiding the bag from bursting. Particularly desirable is that the vent outlet of the safety valve is positioned higher than the photovoltaic panel, so that it can discharge the leaked hydrogen into the upper atmosphere like a tall chimney, allowing it to diffuse rapidly and reducing the risk of hydrogen accumulation near the water surface, thus lowering the risk of explosion.

[0026] Preferably, the floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system is characterized in that: the photovoltaic-hydrogen fusion device is equipped with a chimney (i.e., an exhaust pipe) to discharge (accidentally) leaked hydrogen to a higher place to avoid contact with the photovoltaic panels and their wires and to prevent fire.

[0027] Preferably, the floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system is characterized in that a check valve is connected to the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag to prevent air from entering.

[0028] Preferably, the floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system is characterized by the following: the safe height G of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag is set between 0.20 meters and 8.25 meters, with a more preferred range being 0.25 meters to 4.25 meters. Simultaneously, the safe length C is between 0.5 meters and 55 meters. The logic behind this design is based on a comprehensive consideration of the existing photovoltaic panel power generation efficiency, local peak sunshine hours, and the efficiency of hydrogen production through water electrolysis. Based on the current average photovoltaic panel power generation efficiency of 25%, combined with local sunshine conditions (e.g., 4 hours of sunshine in Haikou City), each square meter of photovoltaic cells can generate approximately 1 kWh of electricity per day. According to the current level of water electrolysis hydrogen production technology, each standard cubic meter of hydrogen requires 3-5 kWh of electricity, meaning 1 kWh of electricity can produce 0.20-0.33 standard cubic meters of hydrogen per day. Based on this calculation, an atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag, 0.20-0.33 meters high and the same width as the photovoltaic panel, can store the hydrogen produced by the photovoltaic-hydrogen fusion device's daily power generation. If the safety height G is increased to 8.25 meters, the storage capacity of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag is sufficient to support the hydrogen produced from 25-41 days of power generation, thus significantly improving the system's energy storage capacity. Based on the above analysis, in practical applications, the safety height G of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag can be set between 1 and 3 meters. This range can meet the energy storage requirements for 5 to 15 days while ensuring system safety and achieving an optimized balance between energy storage efficiency and cost.

[0029] Preferably, the floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system is characterized by the following relationship within the same photovoltaic-hydrogen fusion device: the volume V of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag and its corresponding photovoltaic panel power P are related by the capacity factor k = V / P = 0.22~1.32m³. 3 / kW; Therefore, according to the design formula V=k×d (capacity factor k multiplied by the customer's desired energy storage days d), the required volume V of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag can be designed. In other words, the volume V of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag is V=k×d. Taking Haikou City, where the capacity factor k is relatively small, as an example, if one month's worth of photovoltaic power is to be stored, a design installation volume of 0.22m³ is required. 3 / kw × 30 days = 6.6m 3 A 1.32m³ / kW atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage bag. Taking Xinjiang, where the capacity factor k is very high, as an example, if one wants to store one week's worth of photovoltaic power, a storage bag with a volume of 1.32m³ is required. 3 / kw × 7 days = 9.24 m 3 / kw atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag.

[0030] Preferably, the floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system is characterized by a hydrogen booster connected between the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag and the hydrogen fuel cell. This booster pressurizes the hydrogen flowing out of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag to a suitable level (preferably 0.03–3 MPa) and then stably delivers it to the hydrogen fuel cell power generation device for power generation. To ensure the efficient and stable operation of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation device, and considering the overall safety and economy of the system, the preferred pressure range for hydrogen pressurization can be set to two intervals: the first interval is 0.03–3 MPa, which is suitable for the inlet requirements of most standard hydrogen fuel cells and other power generation devices, providing good performance; the second interval is 3–7 MPa, a higher pressure range suitable for hydrogen fuel cell power generation devices that require higher pressure hydrogen to improve efficiency or meet specific application needs. By flexibly selecting these two pressure ranges, the system can achieve optimal performance and efficiency in different application scenarios. In practical applications, the operating parameters of the hydrogen booster can be flexibly adjusted according to the specific type, performance requirements, and overall system design of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation device to meet specific pressure demands and ensure the stable and efficient operation of the photovoltaic-storage power generation system. It should be noted that a negative pressure pump booster is not used here to prevent air from being drawn in should the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag rupture, causing oxygen to mix into the bag and pipes, creating conditions for an explosion and leading to a safety accident.

[0031] Preferably, the floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system is characterized by: adding weights or other pressurization measures to the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag to create a positive pressure between the hydrogen inside and outside the bag. For example, adding weights or other pressurization measures can create a positive pressure with a pressure difference greater than 0.0001 MPa between the inside and outside of the bag, so that the hydrogen inside the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag can automatically flow to the inlet of the hydrogen booster, preventing accidental air from entering the bag and causing a safety accident. Studies show that the working pressure of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag should be greater than 0.0001 MPa, preferably not exceeding 0.015 MPa, and must not exceed 0.28 MPa.

[0032] Preferably, the floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system is characterized in that: a buffer tank is connected between the hydrogen booster and the hydrogen fuel power generation device to stabilize the hydrogen pressure and smoothly deliver hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel power generation device for power generation.

[0033] Preferably, the floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system is characterized in that: an isolation layer is provided between the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag and the photovoltaic panel to guide the leaked hydrogen to rise and diffuse along the isolation layer, avoid contact with the photovoltaic panel, and prevent fire.

[0034] Preferably, the floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system is characterized in that: the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag is suspended in the air to prevent animals such as rats from climbing up and gnawing on it.

[0035] Preferably, the floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system is characterized in that: atmospheric pressure hydrogen bags (with ropes) are tied to the photovoltaic support from all sides to prevent them from being blown away by the wind.

[0036] Preferably, the floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system is characterized in that: the photovoltaic-hydrogen fusion device is equipped with a chimney to discharge leaked hydrogen to a higher place to avoid contact with the photovoltaic panels and their wires and to prevent fire.

[0037] Preferably, the floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system is characterized in that: a weight is added to the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag to create positive pressure in the hydrogen inside the bag, so as to prevent air from accidentally entering the bag and causing a safety accident.

[0038] Preferably, the floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system is characterized in that: the material used to make the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag has a self-weight ≥ 0.9 kg / m³. 2 Alternatively, the atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic tank can also be used as a float.

[0039] Preferably, the floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system is characterized in that: the horizontal projected area of ​​the photovoltaic panel is 1.2-12 times the horizontal projected area of ​​the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag; or, the pressure difference between the gas pressure inside the bag and the external atmospheric pressure is less than 0.015 MPa.

[0040] In a photovoltaic (PV) power generation system, a larger power generation unit composed of multiple photovoltaic panels (also known as PV modules) connected in series and / or parallel is commonly referred to as a "PV power generation unit" or "PV module." This unit is a fundamental component of a PV power station, and its main function is to convert solar energy into electrical energy. After being collected by a DC combiner box, the power is inverted by an inverter and stepped up by an isolation substation, ultimately outputting a power supply that meets the frequency and voltage requirements of the power grid.

[0041] Compared with existing technologies, this application demonstrates a series of significant and beneficial technical achievements.

[0042] First, this application achieves a high degree of integration between photovoltaic panels (i.e., photovoltaic power generation units) and atmospheric pressure hydrogen bags (i.e., energy storage units). This innovative design allows the two to share space with photovoltaic supports and floats, greatly saving water surface resources, sharing the cost of water surface use, sharing the cost of supports and floats, and improving space utilization, which is especially important for areas with limited water surface resources.

[0043] Secondly, in terms of energy conversion efficiency, this application achieves a significant improvement compared to high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage technology. Traditional high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage consumes a large amount of electrical energy during hydrogen compression and release, amounting to 10-15% and 5-15% respectively. The atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage method used in this application completely avoids this energy consumption, thereby saving 15-25% of energy and correspondingly increasing the energy conversion efficiency by 15-25%. This significant improvement not only substantially reduces the cost of photovoltaic-energy storage power generation but also endows this technology with extremely high economic value.

[0044] Third, this application also demonstrates a significant advantage in terms of the cost of hydrogen storage containers. High-pressure hydrogen storage tanks, due to their high manufacturing costs (especially the cost of carbon fiber composite materials), account for a large proportion of the total cost of high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage and power generation technology. In contrast, the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag in this application has extremely low costs, with a storage cost of less than 300 yuan per kilogram of hydrogen, a reduction of an order of magnitude compared to the 4000 yuan / kg cost of high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks. Furthermore, the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag also possesses excellent safety and leak-proof performance, further enhancing its application value.

[0045] Fourth, this application also excels in safety. Similar to existing centralized photovoltaic cell arrays, the photohydrogen fusion device can be installed on remote water surfaces, effectively reducing the safety threat to the public from accidental explosions. Furthermore, sufficient safety distance is maintained between adjacent atmospheric pressure hydrogen bags, ensuring that even if one bag leaks, the hydrogen will quickly disperse into the air, preventing any safety incidents.

[0046] Finally, this application also provides additional convenience for rural users. While enjoying the electricity supply from photovoltaic power generation, users can also introduce the hydrogen produced in the photovoltaic-hydrogen fusion device into the kitchen for cooking, thereby achieving diversified energy utilization and further enhancing the practicality and popularity of the technology.

[0047] In summary, this application demonstrates significant advantages in saving water resources, improving energy conversion efficiency, reducing the cost of hydrogen storage containers, reducing energy consumption, ensuring safety, and providing diversified energy utilization, and has extremely high promotional value and application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of an atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic tank in this application (Example 1).

[0049] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a medium-atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic tank.

[0050] Figure 3 for Figure 1A schematic diagram of the structure of an atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag used in a medium- and atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic tank.

[0051] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a photovoltaic power generation system consisting of multiple atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic tanks connected to a water electrolysis hydrogen production device, a hydrogen fuel cell, a hydrogen booster, and other devices.

[0052] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a (box-type) atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic tank in this application (Example 2).

[0053] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a medium-atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic tank.

[0054] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a photovoltaic power generation system consisting of multiple atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic tanks connected to a water electrolysis hydrogen production device, a hydrogen fuel cell, a hydrogen booster, and other devices.

[0055] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag installed on a float below the photovoltaic panel in this application (Example 3).

[0056] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the external shape of a type of atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag used in this application.

[0057] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a normal pressure hydrogen bag installed in the unused space below a photovoltaic panel, as described in Embodiment 4 of this application.

[0058] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a structure in which an atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag is installed in a rigid shell and placed below a photovoltaic panel to replace a photovoltaic bracket for supporting and fixing the photovoltaic panel.

[0059] Figure 12 For installation Figure 11 A medium-rigidity outer shell containing a bag of hydrogen gas at atmospheric pressure.

[0060] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the structure of a photohydrogen fusion device in this application (Example 5).

[0061] Figure 14 for Figure 13 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a photohydrogen fusion device.

[0062] Figure 15 A flexible protective cover for atmospheric pressure hydrogen bags.

[0063] Figure 16This is a distant view of some of the photohydrogen fusion devices in the embodiments of this application floating on the sea.

[0064] Explanation of reference numerals: 1 - Photovoltaic panel, 2 - Atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag, 3 - Hydrogen pipeline, 4 - Electrolyzed water hydrogen generator, 5 - Hydrogen fuel cell, 6 - Protective layer, 7 - Hydrogen, 8 - Photovoltaic-hydrogen fusion device, 9 - Atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic tank, 10 - Sea surface, 11 - Hydrogen vent, 12 - Hydrogen sensor, 13 - Buffer tank, 14 - Isolation layer, 15 - Rope, 16 - Photovoltaic wire, 17 - Power grid, 18 - Wire mesh, 19 - Vent hole, 20 - End cap, 21 - Float, 22 - Safety valve, 23 - Hydrogen booster, 24 - Spare empty bag, 25 - Photovoltaic support, 26 - Chimney, 27 - Flexible protective jacket and heavy objects, 28 - Float. Detailed Implementation

[0065] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this application easy to understand, the following describes this application in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0066] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "inside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0067] It should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "placement," "connection," etc., should be interpreted broadly. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances. Example 1

[0068] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, a double-through plastic pipe (i.e., a rigid outer shell) with a diameter of 1.5 meters, a length of 3.5 meters, and a wall thickness of 50 mm is fabricated as a protective layer 6. Three flexible photovoltaic panels 1, each with an area of ​​1m × 1.7m, are attached to the upper half of the pipe. Inside the panel, a gas bag with a diameter of 1.2 meters and a length of 3.2 meters is installed as a normal-pressure hydrogen gas bag 2. The hydrogen gas port 11 of the normal-pressure hydrogen gas bag 2 is connected to the vent 19 of the protective layer 6. This creates a photovoltaic-hydrogen fusion device 8, i.e., a normal-pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic tank 9, which integrates the photovoltaic panel 1 (i.e., power generation unit) and the normal-pressure hydrogen gas bag 2 (i.e., energy storage unit), and can float on the sea surface 10. This device combines the photovoltaic panel 1 (i.e., power generation unit) and the normal-pressure hydrogen gas bag 2 (i.e., energy storage unit) into one unit for storing hydrogen 7. Alternatively, it can be... Figure 11 , Figure 12 As shown, an atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2 is installed inside a cylinder with a rigid outer shell and placed below a photovoltaic panel 1. The cylinder replaces the photovoltaic bracket 25 to support and fix the photovoltaic panel 1, thus forming a photovoltaic-hydrogen fusion device 8 that can float on the sea surface 10, integrating the photovoltaic panel 1, the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2, and its rigid outer shell. The atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2 mentioned in this application generally refers to a retractable container, such as a flexible gas bag, a rubber dam bag, or a bellows. The vent 19 is used to expel air between the protective layer 6 and the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2 when hydrogen 7 is injected into it, so that the internal pressure of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2 remains balanced with atmospheric pressure. The pressure difference should be less than 0.28 MPa, preferably less than 0.015 MPa.

[0069] like Figure 4 As shown, numerous (e.g., at least nine) atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic tanks 9 are connected to devices such as an electrolyzer for hydrogen production 4, a hydrogen fuel cell 5, and a hydrogen booster 23 to form a photovoltaic-storage-power generation system. The atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic tanks 9 are connected to hydrogen production equipment such as the electrolyzer for hydrogen production 4 via hydrogen pipelines 3, enabling the preparation and transportation of hydrogen 7. When there is sufficient sunlight or surplus electricity, the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic panels 1 in the photovoltaic-hydrogen fusion device 8 is supplied to the electrolyzer for hydrogen production 4 via photovoltaic wires 16, and the generated hydrogen 7 is injected into numerous atmospheric pressure hydrogen bags 2 via hydrogen pipelines 3 for storage at atmospheric pressure.

[0070] Preferably, the safe height G of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage bag 2 is between 0.25 and 8.25 meters (ideally between 2 and 4 meters), and the safe length C is between 3 and 55 meters. This is because, based on the average power generation efficiency of existing photovoltaic cells at 25%, and considering the local peak sunshine hours, each square meter of photovoltaic panel can generate 1 kilowatt-hour (kWh) of electricity per day. According to current water electrolysis hydrogen production technology, 1 kWh can produce 0.2 standard cubic meters (SQCs) of hydrogen. That is, one square meter of photovoltaic panel can only produce 0.2 SQCs of hydrogen in a day. A 0.25-meter-high (or diameter) atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage bag 2 can only store the hydrogen produced from the electricity generated in that day, while an 8.25-meter-high atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage bag 2 can store the hydrogen produced from 41 days of electricity generation, thus meeting the needs of long-term energy storage.

[0071] Preferably, the design working pressure of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2 does not exceed 0.28 MPa to ensure safe operation. Studies show that when the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the bag exceeds 0.28 MPa, the cost of the bag (e.g., using a expandable container such as an inflatable rubber dam as the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2) increases significantly, the energy consumption for compressing hydrogen 7 also increases significantly, and it is prone to bursting and leakage. This application considers a safe working pressure less than 0.28 MPa, which is unlikely to cause bursting and leakage, as atmospheric pressure. That is, the atmospheric pressure mentioned in this application includes low pressures ≤ 0.28 MPa.

[0072] Preferably, the hydrogen pipeline 3 is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell system 5 for generating electricity when there is no sunlight, so as to achieve continuous and stable power supply to the power grid or electrical equipment.

[0073] Preferably, a chimney 26 is provided on the atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic tank 9 to discharge (accidentally) leaked hydrogen 7 to a higher place to avoid contact with sparks generated by the (accidentally damaged and short-circuited) photovoltaic panel 1 and its photovoltaic wires 16, and to prevent fires and other safety accidents. Example 2

[0074] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, a box-shaped structure with a width D of 4.8 meters, a height D of 2 meters, a length of 16 meters, and a wall thickness of 5 mm is fabricated as a protective layer 6. Twenty-eight (monocrystalline silicon) photovoltaic panels with an area of ​​1134 mm × 2382 mm are installed on its upper surface. Inside the protective layer, a standard-pressure hydrogen bag 2 with a width D of 4.5 meters, a height D of 1.6 meters, and a length of 15.5 meters is installed. The hydrogen port 11 of the standard-pressure hydrogen bag 2 is connected to the vent 19 of the protective layer 6. This creates a photovoltaic-hydrogen fusion device 8 that can float on the sea surface 10, consisting of photovoltaic panels 1, a box-shaped protective layer 6, a rectangular standard-pressure hydrogen bag 2, hydrogen ports 11, and vent 19. Specifically, it is a standard-pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic tank 9, preferably also used as a float 21 or other floating body 28.

[0075] like Figure 7 As shown, numerous atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic tanks 9 are connected to an electrolytic water hydrogen generator 4, a hydrogen fuel cell 5, and a hydrogen booster 23 via hydrogen pipelines 3 to achieve the production and transportation of hydrogen 7. When there is sufficient sunlight or surplus electricity, the electricity generated by the photovoltaic panels 1 on the atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic tanks 9 is supplied to the electrolytic water hydrogen generator 4 through photovoltaic wires 16, and the generated hydrogen 7 is injected into the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2 through the hydrogen pipelines 3 for storage at atmospheric pressure. When there is no sunlight, the hydrogen 7 can be released to generate electricity, thereby achieving a continuous and stable power supply to the power grid or electrical appliances.

[0076] Preferably, a buffer tank 13 is connected between the hydrogen booster 23 and the hydrogen fuel cell 5 to stabilize the pressure of hydrogen 7 and smoothly deliver it to the hydrogen fuel cell 5 for power generation.

[0077] Preferably, an automatic pressure relief check valve 22 is connected to the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2 to prevent the gas pressure inside the bag from exceeding a predetermined value, so as to avoid damage from high pressure or unexpected situations and ensure the safe operation of the system.

[0078] Preferably, the outlet of safety valve 22 is connected to a spare empty bag 24 containing no gas to recover the hydrogen 7 released by safety valve 22, thus avoiding waste and potential danger. Alternatively, one of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bags 2 can also be used as a spare empty bag 24 to supply the recovered hydrogen 7 to the hydrogen fuel cell 5, thereby avoiding waste and potential safety accidents. Example 3

[0079] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, referring to the above embodiment, individual atmospheric pressure hydrogen bags 2 are installed in the gaps below photovoltaic panels 1 (22 meters long, 5 meters wide, and 1.8 meters high at their lowest point) (or on nearby open sea surface 10), so that the photovoltaic panels 1 and the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bags 2 constitute a combined photovoltaic-hydrogen fusion device 8 that can float on the sea surface 10. In this embodiment, the photovoltaic-hydrogen fusion device 8 is installed on a float 28 with a buoy 21, and the float 28 floats on the sea surface 10. In specific implementations, it can also be as follows: Figure 16 As shown, seven large (e.g., hexagonal) atmospheric pressure hydrogen bags 2 are floated on the sea surface 10 next to five large photovoltaic panels 1 and their floats 28. In practice, the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bags 2 should be placed at a safe distance from the photovoltaic panels 1, depending on their volume: more than 15 meters for bags with a volume less than 200 m³; more than 30 meters for bags with a volume between 200 and 500 m³; and more than 50 meters for bags with a volume between 500 and 2000 m³ or more. Studies show that the safest and most economical volume for a single atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2 is no more than 2000 m³. Example 4

[0080] like Figure 10As shown, referring to the above embodiment, an atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2 is made of a material with the same high strength and durability as the rubber dam bag. This atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2 is directly installed in the empty area below the photovoltaic panel 1, without using a rigid outer shell. This innovative design creates a close complementary relationship between the photovoltaic panel 1 and the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2 in terms of function and space, jointly constructing a photovoltaic-hydrogen fusion device 8 that efficiently utilizes the space resources of the sea surface 10 and achieves space sharing on the sea surface 10. This solution not only greatly improves the utilization rate of the sea surface 10 and its idle resources but also effectively reduces the operating cost of the sea surface 10. Given that a rigid outer shell is not used for protection in this solution, higher requirements are placed on the material selection for the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2. Therefore, the selected atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag material must possess the following key characteristics: excellent corrosion resistance to resist environmental erosion; high anti-aging ability to ensure stable performance even under long-term outdoor exposure; excellent impact resistance to cope with possible physical impacts; and extremely strong robustness and durability to ensure safe and reliable operation under various environmental conditions. Such material selection is key to ensuring the long-term stable operation of the photohydrogen fusion device 8 and achieving efficient energy conversion. Example 5

[0081] like Figure 13 , Figure 14 As shown in the above embodiment, an atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2 is made of a material with the same high strength and durability as the rubber dam bag. The atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2 is directly installed in the empty area below the photovoltaic panel 1. A wire mesh 18 is used as a rigid shell, and the mesh openings of the wire mesh 18 are used as ventilation holes 19 to surround the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2 from all sides to prevent accidental impacts from all sides, such as preventing marine animals from biting or attacking it, so as to avoid damage and leakage of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2.

[0082] It is preferable to install a single inclined isolation layer 14 between the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2 and the photovoltaic panel 1 to guide the leaked hydrogen 7 to rise and diffuse rapidly along the inclined isolation layer 14, avoid contact with the photovoltaic panel, and prevent fire.

[0083] Preferably, the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2 is installed in a suspended position to prevent marine animals such as rats from climbing up and gnawing on it, causing damage and leakage.

[0084] Preferably, the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2 is tied to the wire mesh 18 from all sides with ropes such as ropes 15 to prevent the wire mesh 18 and photovoltaic support 25 from being damaged and leaking gas due to wind.

[0085] Preferably, such as Figure 15As shown, a flexible protective jacket 27, made of canvas and filled with tens to hundreds of kilograms of sand or other heavy materials, is sewn onto the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2 to provide a heavy outer layer and prevent it from being damaged and leaking gas due to wind blowing against the wire mesh 18 and photovoltaic support 25. When this flexible protective jacket 27, weighing tens to hundreds of kilograms, is pressed on the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2, it creates a positive pressure difference greater than 0.0001-0.01 MPa between the inside and outside of the bag, allowing the hydrogen 7 inside the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2 to automatically flow to the inlet of the hydrogen booster 23. In this way, the positive pressure inside the bag can prevent air from being drawn in if the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2 is accidentally ruptured, thus preventing oxygen from mixing into the bag and pipes, and preventing the formation of conditions for an explosion and causing a safety accident. Of course, heavy materials (e.g., with a weight ≥ 0.415 kg / m³) can also be used. 2 The material is directly used to make an atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2, which relies on its own weight to create a positive pressure difference greater than 0.0001 MPa between the hydrogen gas inside and outside the bag 7. Studies show that using materials with a weight ≥0.9 kg / m 2 The material is directly used to make an atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag 2, which can create a positive pressure difference between the hydrogen gas inside and outside the bag 7 by its own weight. The study also shows that using materials with a weight ≥1.45 kg / m³... 2 The materials used are of good quality, with a self-weight ≥1.6kg / m. 2 The best materials are those that are the best.

[0086] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this application. The accompanying drawings are only schematic diagrams and are not drawn to scale. They cannot be used to limit the scope of this application. Equivalent variations made based on the claims of this application still fall within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system, comprising photovoltaic panels, a hydrogen generator, a hydrogen tank, a hydrogen fuel power generation device, and corresponding pipelines and circuits; characterized in that: ①The hydrogen cylinder is an atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag, used to store atmospheric pressure gaseous hydrogen; ② A photovoltaic panel and an atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag are combined into one unit to form a photovoltaic-hydrogen fusion device that floats on the water surface. The atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag in this device is located in the open space below the photovoltaic panel. The photovoltaic panel is used as a sunshade to provide the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag with shade, rain protection, and protection from impacts from falling objects above, thereby achieving efficient utilization and sharing of water surface and space resources and reducing the cost of using water surface and space. Alternatively, the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag in this photovoltaic-hydrogen fusion device floats on the water surface next to the photovoltaic panel, thereby achieving efficient utilization and sharing of water surface and open space resources and reducing the cost of using water surface and space. ③ A hydrogen generator is connected to multiple atmospheric pressure hydrogen bags via hydrogen pipelines, which is used to distribute the centrally produced hydrogen to each atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag for distributed storage; ④ Multiple atmospheric pressure hydrogen bags are connected to a hydrogen fuel power generation unit through hydrogen pipelines to transport and centrally use the distributed hydrogen storage, so as to provide a continuous and sufficient fuel for the hydrogen fuel power generation unit and ensure continuous and stable power generation even during periods without sunshine. ⑤ There are n≥3 photohydrogen fusion devices scattered on the same water surface, and the safe distance L between adjacent atmospheric pressure hydrogen bags is not less than 1 meter, so as to form a distributed safe hydrogen storage pattern and prevent a chain reaction when a single atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag fails. ⑥ Multiple photovoltaic panels are electrically connected to a hydrogen generator via photovoltaic wires. This generator collects and concentrates the electrical energy generated by the multiple photovoltaic panels, converts it into hydrogen for storage, and can be used to generate electricity when there is no sunlight.

2. The floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen generator is an electrolytic water hydrogen generator, and the hydrogen fuel power generation device is a hydrogen fuel cell.

3. The floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag is surrounded by a protective layer, which together form a hydrogen energy storage device that is flexible inside and strong outside, to prevent accidental impacts from the surroundings, so as to avoid damage and leakage of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag.

4. The floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A photovoltaic cell panel, a protective layer, an atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag, hydrogen pores, and vent holes together constitute an atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic tank.

5. The floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The design working pressure of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag does not exceed 0.28MPa, 0.015MPa, or 0.01MPa. It is used to create positive pressure in the hydrogen inside the bag to prevent air from accidentally entering the bag and causing safety accidents, avoid compression energy consumption, reduce hydrogen leakage rate, and extend service life.

6. The floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The safe height G of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag is between 0.20 and 8.25 meters, which is used to ensure the safe storage of photovoltaic power for 1 to 40 days; Alternatively, the length × width of a single atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag shall be less than or equal to the length × width of a single photovoltaic panel unit, in order to ensure that the photovoltaic panel unit has a sufficiently large area to shield the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag from light and rain. Alternatively, in the same photovoltaic-hydrogen fusion device, the relationship between the volume V of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag and its corresponding photovoltaic panel power P is: capacity factor k = V / P = 0.22~1.32m3 / kw; the volume V of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag is k×d, where d is the number of days required for photovoltaic power storage.

7. The floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The protective layer is a rigid outer shell used to protect the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag. The rigid outer shell has vents that connect to the outside. The photovoltaic panel, rigid outer shell, atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag, hydrogen vents, and vents together constitute a rigid-outer, flexible-inner photovoltaic-photovoltaic fusion device—an atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic tank. During the process of hydrogen being fed into the atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic tank, the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag expands to increase its volume and store hydrogen. The gas between the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag and the rigid outer shell is discharged through the vents to maintain a basic balance between the gas pressure inside the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag and the external atmospheric pressure. During the process of hydrogen being sent out of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic tank, the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag contracts and collapses to reduce its volume and expel hydrogen. The space between the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag and the rigid outer shell draws in gas through the vents to maintain a basic balance between the gas pressure inside the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag and the external atmospheric pressure.

8. The floating atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, It includes any one of the following ① to ⑩: ①The atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag is connected to a safety valve that can automatically release pressure to prevent the gas pressure inside the bag from becoming too high, thereby avoiding bursting; ②A hydrogen booster is connected between the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag and the hydrogen fuel power generation unit to boost the hydrogen flowing out of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag to a suitable level, and then stably deliver it to the hydrogen fuel power generation unit for power generation. ③ A buffer tank is connected between the hydrogen booster and the hydrogen fuel power generation unit to stabilize the hydrogen pressure and smoothly deliver hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel power generation unit for power generation. ④ An isolation layer is installed between the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag and the photovoltaic panel to guide the leaked hydrogen to rise and diffuse along the isolation layer, avoid contact with the photovoltaic panel, and prevent fire; ⑤ The atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag is installed in a suspended position to prevent rats from climbing up and gnawing on it; ⑥ Atmospheric pressure hydrogen bags are attached to the photovoltaic support from all sides to prevent them from being blown around by the wind; ⑦ The photovoltaic-hydrogen fusion device is equipped with a chimney to discharge leaked hydrogen to a higher level to prevent it from contacting the photovoltaic panels and their wires and to prevent fire. ⑧ A weight is placed on the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag to create positive pressure inside the bag and prevent air from accidentally entering the bag and causing a safety accident. ⑨ The material used to make the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag has a self-weight ≥ 0.9 kg / m³ 2 Alternatively, the atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage photovoltaic tank can also be used as a float. ⑩ The horizontal projected area of ​​the photovoltaic panel is 1.2-12 times the horizontal projected area of ​​the atmospheric pressure hydrogen bag; or, the pressure difference between the gas pressure inside the bag and the external atmospheric pressure is less than 0.015 MPa.

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