Environment-friendly crushing device for constructional engineering

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of constructional engineering waste treatment, in particular to an environment-friendly constructional engineering smashing device which comprises a main body frame, a double-layer feeding mechanism, a multi-stage smashing assembly and a self-adjusting discharging mechanism. The double-layer feeding mechanism achieves primary crushing of large waste through a climbing conveying belt and a lower-layer crushing roller set. The multi-stage crushing assembly adapts to waste materials with various hardness through a primary crushing cavity and a secondary crushing cavity; the self-adjusting discharging mechanism optimizes the discharging process; and the replaceable screen plate is convenient to maintain. The feeding efficiency can be improved, the waste adaptability is enhanced, blockage is avoided, the use cost is reduced, and the device is suitable for environment-friendly treatment of building waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of construction engineering equipment technology, specifically an environmentally friendly crushing device for construction engineering. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of construction engineering, the crushing of construction waste is a crucial step in achieving resource reuse. A search revealed an environmentally friendly crushing device for construction engineering, publication number CN113019579B, published on January 31, 2023. This design improves crushing efficiency by incorporating auxiliary crushing wheels and utilizes a vibration device to crush harder waste materials. However, while this design enhances crushing efficiency, its small size may limit its processing capacity, especially when handling large quantities of construction waste, potentially leading to clogging or overload and impacting overall work efficiency.

[0003] During this operation, due to the compact structure of the equipment and the limited size of the feed inlet, large pieces of waste material need to be pre-sorted or cut before entering the device, increasing the pre-processing time and cost. At the same time, the single crushing method is not very adaptable to waste materials with different hardness and shape, which can easily lead to uneven equipment load and further affect the stability of long-term use.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design an improved crushing device for construction engineering to solve the aforementioned problems of processing capacity and adaptability. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the problems mentioned in the background art, such as the limited processing capacity of existing crushing devices for construction engineering, insufficient feed inlet size leading to the need for pre-sorting or cutting of large pieces of waste, and the difficulty of a single crushing method to adapt to various types of waste with different hardness and shape, resulting in uneven equipment load, this utility model provides an environmentally friendly crushing device for construction engineering to improve the device's adaptability to different wastes and enhance its processing capacity.

[0006] An environmentally friendly crushing device for construction engineering includes a main frame, a double-layer feeding mechanism, a multi-stage crushing assembly, and a self-adjusting unloading mechanism. The main frame is welded from rectangular steel beams and supports the entire structure of the device. The double-layer feeding mechanism is located at the top of the main frame and includes an inclined conveyor belt and a lower crushing roller assembly. The inclined conveyor belt is bolted to the steel beams on both sides of the main frame, and the lower crushing roller assembly is mounted inside the main frame via bearing seats, with a gap between it and the inclined conveyor belt. The multi-stage crushing assembly is located below the double-layer feeding mechanism and includes a primary crushing chamber and a secondary crushing chamber. The primary crushing chamber contains staggered first and second crushing discs, which are connected to a drive shaft via keyways and driven to rotate by a motor. The secondary crushing chamber contains a replaceable screen plate, which is fixed to the side wall of the secondary crushing chamber by clips. The self-adjusting unloading mechanism is located at the bottom of the multi-stage crushing assembly and includes an inclined slide and a vibrator. The inclined slide is directly fixed to the main frame, and the vibrator is bolted to the side wall of the inclined slide.

[0007] Furthermore, the inclined conveyor belt of the double-layer feeding mechanism is made of rubber with anti-slip protrusions on its surface to increase the friction between the waste and the conveyor belt and prevent the waste from slipping. The lower crushing roller assembly consists of two parallel crushing rollers, each with multiple conical teeth welded to its surface. The two crushing rollers rotate in opposite directions through gear meshing, thereby performing preliminary crushing of large pieces of waste falling from the inclined conveyor belt.

[0008] Furthermore, the first and second pulverizing blades in the primary pulverizing chamber are arranged in an alternating manner. The blades on the first pulverizing blade are inclined in a clockwise direction, while the blades on the second pulverizing blade are inclined in a counterclockwise direction to generate shearing force.

[0009] Furthermore, a screen plate is installed inside the secondary crushing chamber. The aperture of the screen plate is larger than that of the fine screen plate, allowing users to select different screen plates based on the type of waste. The edges of the screen plate are equipped with elastic sealing strips that are embedded in grooves in the sidewalls of the secondary crushing chamber to prevent waste particles from leaking out through the gaps between the screen plate and the chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, the bottom of the inclined slide of the self-adjusting unloading mechanism is equipped with a spring support device, which is fixed to the bottom crossbeam of the main frame by bolts. This spring support device is used to absorb the impact force generated by the vibrator and maintain the stability of the inclined slide. The vibrator directly vibrates the main frame, and the motor is fixed to the outside of the main frame.

[0011] Furthermore, a detachable dust collection box is located at the bottom of the main frame. The dust collection box is connected to the main frame via a slide rail, and positioning pins are provided at both ends of the slide rail to fix the position of the dust collection box. A filter screen is installed at the inlet of the dust collection box, and the filter screen is fixed to the bottom of the discharge hopper via a slot to intercept dust particles in the waste material.

[0012] Furthermore, a guide plate is provided between the inclined conveyor belt of the double-layer feeding mechanism and the lower crushing roller group. The guide plate is fixed to the inner side of the main frame by bolts. The bottom of the guide plate is provided with an arc-shaped transition section to guide the waste material to fall evenly into the lower crushing roller group.

[0013] Furthermore, the side wall of the primary crushing chamber is provided with an observation window, which is directly fixed to the side wall. A transparent protective cover is provided on the outside of the observation window, which is fixed to the side wall with screws to prevent waste from splashing.

[0014] Furthermore, a guide plate is provided at the bottom of the secondary crushing chamber. The guide plate is fixed to the bottom of the chamber by bolts, and the surface of the guide plate is coated with a wear-resistant coating to extend its service life.

[0015] This utility model of an environmentally friendly crushing device for construction engineering has the following advantages: by setting up a double-layer feeding mechanism, it solves the problem of pre-sorting or cutting large pieces of waste, thus improving feeding efficiency; through the design of multi-stage crushing components, it achieves efficient processing of waste with different hardness and shape, enhancing the adaptability of the device; by introducing a self-adjusting unloading mechanism, it optimizes the waste discharge process and avoids clogging; at the same time, the design of a detachable dust collection box and a replaceable screen plate facilitates maintenance and cleaning, reducing operating costs. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention, showing the layout relationship of the main frame of the device, the double-layer feeding mechanism, the multi-stage crushing components and the self-adjusting unloading mechanism.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged view of the double-layer feeding mechanism, showing in detail the structure and connection method of the inclined conveyor belt, the primary crushing chamber, and the drive motor.

[0018] Figure 3 and Figure 4 This is an enlarged view of the multi-stage grinding assembly, focusing on the arrangement of the grinding blades in the primary grinding chamber and the installation position of the fine grinding blades in the secondary grinding chamber.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the self-adjusting unloading mechanism, showing the connection relationship and working principle of the vibrator and the support device.

[0020] 1. Main frame; 2. Inclined conveyor belt; 3. Lower crushing roller assembly; 4. Primary crushing chamber; 5. Secondary crushing chamber; 6. First crushing disc; 7. Second crushing disc; 8. Screen plate; 9. Vibrator; 10. Observation window; 11. Transmission gear; 12. Discharge port; 14. Drive motor; 15. Fine crushing disc; 16. Dust collection box. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The specific implementation method of this utility model's environmentally friendly crushing device for construction engineering is as follows: Figures 1 to 4 The accompanying drawings and reference numerals provide detailed descriptions. The main frame 1 provides stable support for the entire device, and the rectangular steel beam welded structure ensures the equipment's resistance to pressure and impact at construction sites. The double-layer feeding mechanism enables graded feeding of materials, and the inclined conveyor belt 2 transports construction waste to the lower crushing roller group 3 for preliminary crushing, reducing the subsequent crushing load. The multi-stage crushing components perform coarse crushing through the staggered cutter discs in the primary crushing chamber 4, and then refine it through the fine crushing cutter discs 15 in the secondary crushing chamber 5. The screen plate 8 screens out qualified particle size fragments, achieving multi-stage environmentally friendly crushing and reducing dust pollution. The self-adjusting unloading mechanism prevents material accumulation through the vibrator 9, and the arc-shaped discharge port 12 facilitates rapid discharge of fragments, realizing continuous crushing operations.

[0022] The inclined conveyor belt 2 is made of rubber and has anti-slip raised structures on its surface. These raised structures are formed through a molding process to increase the friction between the waste and the conveyor belt. The lower crushing roller group 3 consists of two parallel crushing rollers. Each crushing roller has multiple conical teeth welded to its surface. The height of the conical teeth is 10 mm to 20 mm, and the spacing between the conical teeth is 20 mm to 30 mm. The two crushing rollers rotate in opposite directions through gear meshing. The gear module is 2 to 3, and the gear ratio is 1:1, thus performing preliminary crushing of large pieces of waste falling from the inclined conveyor belt 2. A guide plate is provided between the inclined conveyor belt 2 and the lower crushing roller group 3. The guide plate is fixed to the inner side of the main frame 1 by welding. The bottom of the guide plate has an arc-shaped transition section with a radius of curvature of 100 mm to 150 mm to guide the waste to fall evenly into the lower crushing roller group 3.

[0023] The primary grinding chamber 4 has a staggered arrangement of the first grinding disc 6 and the second grinding disc 7. The blades on the first grinding disc 6 are inclined clockwise at an angle of 30 to 45 degrees, while the blades on the second grinding disc 7 are inclined counterclockwise at an angle of 30 to 45 degrees to generate shearing force. One end of the adjusting screw passes through the main frame 1 and is threadedly connected to the bearing seat of the first grinding disc 6. The handwheel has a diameter of 100 to 150 mm for easy manual operation. The side wall of the primary grinding chamber 4 is provided with an observation window 10, which is welded to the side wall. The edge of the observation window 10 is provided with a sealing ring made of silicone material with a thickness of 3 to 5 mm to prevent waste from splashing. A transparent protective cover is provided at the window of the observation window 10. The transparent protective cover is made of polycarbonate material with a thickness of 5 to 8 mm and is fixed to the side wall by welding.

[0024] The screen plate 8 inside the secondary crushing chamber 5 is available in two types: coarse and fine. Users can choose to install different screen plates 8 according to the type of waste material. The edges of the screen plate 8 are equipped with elastic sealing strips made of EPDM rubber, with a thickness of 2 to 3 mm. The elastic sealing strips are embedded in grooves on the side wall of the secondary crushing chamber 5 to prevent waste particles from leaking out from the gap between the screen plate 8 and the chamber body. A guide plate is located at the bottom of the secondary crushing chamber 5. The guide plate is fixed to the bottom of the chamber body by welding. The surface of the guide plate is coated with a wear-resistant coating made of tungsten carbide, with a thickness of 0.5 to 1 mm, to extend its service life.

[0025] The bottom of the main frame 1 is equipped with a detachable dust collection box 16, which is connected to the main frame 1 via a slide rail. Positioning pins are provided at both ends of the slide rail to fix the position of the dust collection box 16. A filter screen is provided at the inlet of the dust collection box 16, and the filter screen is fixed to the inner wall of the dust collection box 16 via a slot. The filter screen has a mesh size of 100 to 200 mesh and is used to intercept dust particles in the waste.

[0026] In this utility model, the environmentally friendly crushing device for construction engineering first places the construction waste to be processed on the inclined conveyor belt 2. The inclined conveyor belt 2 is driven by a motor, and the waste is smoothly transported to the end of the inclined conveyor belt 2 under the action of the anti-slip protrusion structure and falls into the lower crushing roller group 3. The two crushing rollers of the lower crushing roller group 3 rotate in opposite directions through gear meshing. The conical teeth on the surface of the crushing rollers perform preliminary crushing of the waste and send the waste into the primary crushing chamber 4. The first crushing disc 6 and the second crushing disc 7 in the primary crushing chamber 4 are driven by a motor to rotate at high speed. The blades on the first crushing disc 6 and the second crushing disc 7 perform shear crushing of the waste. The crushed waste enters the secondary crushing chamber 5 through the gap between the first crushing disc 6 and the second crushing disc 7. The inclined slide generates periodic vibration under the action of the vibrator 10. Under the action of vibration, the waste slides down the inclined slide to the next process or collection device. The dust generated during the crushing process is intercepted by the filter screen of the dust collection box 16. The dust collection box 16 is disassembled and cleaned regularly to ensure the normal operation of the device.

[0027] To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and implement this utility model, the specific implementation principle of this utility model is further explained below in conjunction with a specific application scenario.

[0028] In actual construction sites, the construction waste to be processed includes concrete blocks, brick and tile fragments, and a small amount of metal residue. The operator first places these wastes on the inclined conveyor belt 2. After starting the device, the inclined conveyor belt 2 is driven by a motor. The anti-slip raised structure on its surface increases the friction between the waste and the conveyor belt, ensuring that the waste can be smoothly transported to the end of the inclined conveyor belt 2. When the waste reaches the end, it falls into the lower crushing roller group 3 due to gravity. The lower crushing roller group 3 consists of two parallel crushing rollers. Each crushing roller has multiple conical teeth welded to its surface. The height of the conical teeth is 10 mm to 20 mm, and the spacing between the conical teeth is 20 mm to 30 mm. The two crushing rollers rotate in opposite directions through gear meshing. The gear module is 2 to 3, and the gear ratio is 1:1, thereby performing preliminary crushing on the large pieces of waste falling from the inclined conveyor belt 2. The crushed waste falls evenly into the primary crushing chamber 4 through the arc transition section of the guide plate. The arc design at the bottom of the guide plate effectively reduces the accumulation of waste and the occurrence of jamming.

[0029] After entering the primary crushing chamber 4, the first crushing disc 6 and the second crushing disc 7 are driven by a motor to rotate at high speed. The blades on the first crushing disc 6 are inclined clockwise, and the blades on the second crushing disc 7 are inclined counterclockwise, with an inclination angle of 30 to 45 degrees, generating shearing force to further crush the waste. The distance between the first crushing disc 6 and the second crushing disc 7 can be adjusted by adjusting the screw to accommodate waste of different hardness. The waste processed in the primary crushing chamber 4 enters the secondary crushing chamber 5 through the gap between the first crushing disc 6 and the second crushing disc 7.

[0030] In the secondary crushing chamber 5, the waste material is screened by the screen plate 8. Waste material that meets the particle size requirements falls through the aperture of the screen plate 8 into the guide plate and slides down the guide plate onto the inclined slide. The screen plate 8 is available in two types: coarse screen plate and fine screen plate. Users can choose to install different screen plates 8 according to the type of waste material. The aperture of the coarse screen plate is 20 mm to 30 mm, and the aperture of the fine screen plate is 10 mm to 15 mm. This replaceable design significantly improves the adaptability of the device to various types of waste materials.

[0031] As the waste slides down the guide plate to the inclined slide, the vibrator 9 directly contacts the side wall of the inclined slide and generates high-frequency vibration during operation, which is transmitted to the discharge bin and discharge port 12, causing the scrap attached to the bin wall and slide to fall off, avoiding material accumulation and blockage of the discharge channel, and ensuring continuous and smooth discharge of scrap.

[0032] During the crushing process, dust in the waste material is intercepted by the filter screen of the dust collection box 16. The dust collection box 16 is connected to the bottom of the grain discharge hopper via a slide rail, and positioning pins are provided at both ends of the slide rail to fix the position of the dust collection box 16. A filter screen is installed at the inlet of the dust collection box 16, and the filter screen is fixed to the bottom of the storage hopper by a slot. The mesh size of the filter screen is 100 to 200 mesh, which can effectively intercept dust particles in the waste material. The dust collection box 11 is disassembled and cleaned regularly to ensure the normal operation of the device.

[0033] An inclined ladder is installed below the observation window 10, which makes it easy for operators to climb to the position of the observation window 10 and observe the crushing status inside the primary crushing chamber 4 up close. At the same time, the inclined ladder can be used to clean and maintain the observation window 10, as well as to perform simple inspections of the primary crushing chamber 4.

[0034] Through the above steps, the environmentally friendly crushing device for construction engineering of this utility model achieves efficient processing of construction waste. The double-layer feeding mechanism solves the problem of pre-sorting or cutting large pieces of waste, improving feeding efficiency; the multi-stage crushing component design enhances the device's adaptability to waste of different hardness and shape; the introduction of a self-adjusting unloading mechanism optimizes the waste discharge process and avoids blockage; the detachable dust collection box and replaceable screen plate design facilitate maintenance and cleaning, reducing operating costs. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0035] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0036] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] It should be noted that all electrical components mentioned in this article are connected to an external main controller and 220V AC mains power. The main controller can be a conventional known device that can be controlled by a computer or other means. The detailed description of known functions and known components is omitted in the specific implementation of this disclosure. In order to ensure the compatibility of the device, the operating methods used are consistent with the parameters of commercially available instruments.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly crushing device for construction engineering, characterized in that, The system includes a main frame (1), a double-layer feeding mechanism, a multi-stage crushing assembly, and a self-adjusting unloading mechanism. The main frame (1) is welded from rectangular steel beams. The double-layer feeding mechanism is located on top of the main frame (1), the multi-stage crushing assembly is located below the double-layer feeding mechanism, and the self-adjusting unloading mechanism is located at the bottom of the multi-stage crushing assembly. The double-layer feeding mechanism includes an inclined conveyor belt (2) and a lower crushing roller assembly (3). The inclined conveyor belt (2) is fixed to the steel beams on both sides of the main frame (1) by bolts. The lower crushing roller assembly (3) is installed inside the main frame (1) through bearing seats and a gap is left between it and the inclined conveyor belt (2). The multi-stage crushing assembly includes... The primary crushing chamber (4) and the secondary crushing chamber (5) are provided. The primary crushing chamber (4) is provided with a first crushing blade (6) and a second crushing blade (7) arranged in an alternating manner. The first crushing blade (6) and the second crushing blade (7) are respectively connected to the drive shaft through keyways. The secondary crushing chamber (5) is provided with a fine crushing blade (15) and a replaceable screen plate (8). The screen plate (8) is fixed to the side wall of the secondary crushing chamber (5) by a snap fastener. The self-adjusting unloading mechanism includes a discharge port (12) and a vibrator (9). The discharge port (12) is designed in an arc shape to facilitate the discharge of crushed material. The vibrator (9) is fixed to the side wall of the inclined slide by bolts.

2. The environmentally friendly crushing device for construction engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inclined conveyor belt (2) is made of rubber and has anti-slip raised structures on its surface. The lower crushing roller group (3) consists of two parallel crushing rollers. Each crushing roller has multiple conical teeth welded on its surface. The two crushing rollers rotate in opposite directions through gear meshing.

3. The environmentally friendly crushing device for construction engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blades on the first crushing disc (6) are inclined in a clockwise direction, and the blades on the second crushing disc (7) are inclined in a counterclockwise direction. The distance between the first crushing disc (6) and the second crushing disc (7) is adjusted by an adjusting screw. One end of the adjusting screw passes through the main frame (1) and is threadedly connected to the bearing seat of the first crushing disc (6).

4. The environmentally friendly crushing device for construction engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screen plate (8) is divided into two types: coarse screen plate and fine screen plate. The aperture of the coarse screen plate is larger than that of the fine screen plate. The screen plate (8) is embedded in the side wall of the secondary crushing chamber (5).

5. The environmentally friendly crushing device for construction engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibrator (9) generates vibration through direct contact to prevent material from accumulating in the discharge bin.

6. The environmentally friendly crushing device for construction engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side wall of the primary crushing chamber (4) is provided with an observation window (10), which is directly fixed to the side wall. A transparent protective cover is provided at the window of the observation window (10).

7. The environmentally friendly crushing device for construction engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main frame (1) has a sloping ladder on its side, located below the observation window (10) for viewing the inside.

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