Loading and unloading unit of automatic spindle loading and unloading device
By using a step-by-step approach involving a sliding bracket, adjusting frame, and push-pull assembly, combined with magnetic and hook components, the complex structure and energy waste of existing automatic spindle loading and unloading devices are solved, achieving efficient and low-cost spindle loading and unloading, which is suitable for retrofitting old machines.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HE WEI ZHI NENG ZHUANG BEI (JIANG SU) YOU XIAN GONG SI
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-08
AI Technical Summary
Existing automatic spindle loading and unloading devices are complex in structure, inconvenient to operate, costly, energy-intensive, and have high requirements for spindle shaft length, which affects loading efficiency.
The system employs a sliding bracket, adjusting frame, and push-pull assembly, combined with magnetic components and hook parts, to achieve spindle loading and unloading through a step-by-step advancement method. It uses an electric cylinder instead of a pneumatic cylinder, simplifying the equipment layout and reducing the requirements for spindle shaft length.
It improves spindle loading efficiency, reduces equipment costs and energy consumption, is suitable for retrofitting old machines, saves space, and simplifies the operation process.
Smart Images
Figure CN224212179U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of spindle loading and unloading technology, and in particular to a loading and unloading unit of an automatic spindle loading and unloading device. Background Technology
[0002] To reinforce the tire, many steel wires are wound around it. These wires are assembled from individual spindles transported together. The spindles are typically stored on spindle racks in a spindle room. Tire factory spindle rooms have numerous spindle racks arranged side-by-side. These racks have a large number of spindle rods for holding the spindles, and the distance between adjacent racks is small, making it difficult to load a large number of spindles.
[0003] Traditionally, spindle loading and unloading are done manually. However, a single spindle weighs around 45-50 kilograms, and manual loading and unloading is not only costly but also inefficient.
[0004] Currently, automatic loading and unloading devices are also used to achieve automatic spindle loading and unloading. Existing automatic spindle loading and unloading devices are usually complex in structure, inconvenient to operate, and require many auxiliary devices to assist in the spindle loading and unloading process. This not only results in high equipment costs and large space occupation, but also high energy consumption. In addition, existing automatic loading and unloading devices usually push the spindle from the loading and unloading device to the spindle shaft of the spindle rack in one step. This one-step method has high requirements for the length of the spindle shaft. The length of the spindle shaft needs to be set to be quite long. If the length of the spindle shaft is too short, the spindle loading may not be able to be completed smoothly, affecting the loading efficiency of the spindle. Utility Model Content
[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of existing automatic spindle loading and unloading devices, the applicant provides a loading and unloading unit of an automatic spindle loading and unloading device with a reasonable structure, simple structure, simple operation, reduced equipment cost, and space and energy saving.
[0006] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows:
[0007] An automatic spindle loading and unloading device includes a loading and unloading unit comprising a sliding bracket, an adjusting frame, and a push-pull assembly. The sliding bracket is provided with several support rods, which are arranged in pairs to form a support position. The support rods are movably inserted into the adjusting frame, which is rotatably mounted on a frame. The push-pull assembly includes a main push cylinder, a push plate, and an auxiliary push cylinder. The main push cylinder is located on the adjusting frame, and its push rod is connected to the sliding bracket. The auxiliary push cylinder is located on the sliding bracket, and its push plate is connected to the push rod of the auxiliary push cylinder. The push plate is positioned above the support rod at the support position. When loading a spindle, the main push cylinder drives the sliding bracket, and the auxiliary push cylinder drives the push plate to push the spindle into the working position of the spindle shaft in a step-by-step manner.
[0008] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:
[0009] The sliding bracket includes a vertical plate, and several support rods are arranged horizontally at intervals in several layers on the vertical plate and fixedly connected to the vertical plate; the push rod of the main push cylinder is connected to the vertical plate of the sliding bracket.
[0010] The adjustment frame includes a main frame and several guide sleeves. The two sides of the main frame are rotatably connected to the frame through bearings. The guide sleeves are arranged horizontally in several layers on the main frame. Each guide sleeve corresponds to a support rod. The support rod is inserted into the guide sleeve and can move back and forth along the guide sleeve.
[0011] On the push plate, a magnetic suction component is set for each supporting station. The magnetic suction component can hold the spindle firmly on the surface of the push plate.
[0012] On the push plate, hooks are provided for each support station. The hooks can hook the spindle and pull it back to fix it to the surface of the push plate.
[0013] The hook part includes two sets of symmetrical hooking components, one above the other. The hook of each hooking component is hinged to the hook seat, and the hook seat is fixed to the push plate. The hook is connected to the push rod of the drive cylinder through the connecting rod assembly. The drive cylinder is fixed to the push plate. The drive cylinder can drive the hook to engage or disengage through the connecting rod assembly.
[0014] The hook is a "U"-shaped part, including a horizontal bar and two vertical bars. One vertical bar is connected to a connecting rod, and the other vertical bar is used to hook the spindle. The vertical bar that hooks the spindle has a chamfer.
[0015] The linkage assembly includes a first linkage, a second linkage, and a connecting plate; a hook is hinged to one end of the first linkage, the other end of the first linkage is hinged to the second linkage, the second linkage is fixedly connected to the connecting plate, and the connecting plate is connected to the push rod of the drive cylinder.
[0016] The hooks of the upper and lower hooking components are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the second connecting rod, and the middle part of the second connecting rod is fixedly connected to the connecting plate.
[0017] The main pusher cylinder, auxiliary pusher cylinder, and drive cylinder are all electric cylinders.
[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0019] This invention employs a step-by-step approach during spindle loading, reducing the length requirements of the spindle shaft. Even with a short spindle shaft, spindle loading can be successfully achieved, improving loading efficiency. Due to the reduced spindle shaft length, existing spindle racks with short shafts can also load spindles even with the original shaft retained, laying the foundation for old machine retrofitting. It is suitable for old machine retrofitting projects, effectively utilizing existing equipment and reducing the difficulty and cost of retrofitting projects, thus possessing high economic and promotional value.
[0020] The support rod of this utility model can be slidably inserted into the adjustment frame, and at the same time serves the functions of support and guidance. The part of the support rod located on the front side of the adjustment frame is responsible for supporting the spindle, while the part of the support rod located on the rear side of the adjustment frame is responsible for guiding the spindle. This realizes the dual function of one rod, making the structure simpler and more practical, and the operation simpler and more convenient.
[0021] The adjusting rods connecting each assembly and unloading unit in this invention are hinged to an adjusting cylinder. The adjusting cylinder drives each assembly and unloading unit to rotate synchronously, so that the rotation angle of each loading and unloading unit maintains synchronicity and consistency, which makes it easier to load and unload the spindle and improves the loading and unloading efficiency of the spindle.
[0022] The main push cylinder, auxiliary push cylinder, drive cylinder, and regulating cylinder of this utility model are all electric cylinders. Compared with pneumatic cylinders, electric cylinders save on the design of air pipes and corresponding cable trays, which not only reduces equipment costs and saves energy, but also simplifies the layout of the equipment. The power required for the electric cylinders is provided by the transport trolley, which has its own power supply, saving on the arrangement of cables and cable trays. This saves both cables and space, greatly simplifying the structure of the loading and unloading system. Attached Figure Description
[0023] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram from one perspective of the present invention.
[0024] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective of the present invention.
[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the loading and unloading unit.
[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the push-pull assembly.
[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hook section.
[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the angle adjustment structure.
[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model equipped with an I-beam wheel.
[0030] In the picture:
[0031] 100. Transport trolley;
[0032] 200. Frame; 201. Base plate; 202. Vertical beam; 203. Top plate; 204. First support; 205. Second support; 206. Angle limiting component;
[0033] 300. Loading / unloading unit; 1. Sliding bracket; 11. Vertical plate; 12. Support rod; 2. Adjusting frame; 21. Main frame; 22. Guide sleeve; 3. Main push cylinder; 4. Push plate; 5. Auxiliary push cylinder; 51. Bracket; 6. Magnetic suction assembly; 7. Hook part; 71. Hook; 72. Hook seat; 73. First connecting rod; 74. Second connecting rod; 75. Connecting plate; 76. Drive cylinder; 77. Support plate;
[0034] 400. Angle adjustment section; 8. Adjustment cylinder; 9. Adjustment rod; 10. Support arm. Detailed Implementation
[0035] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the vehicle-mounted automatic loading and unloading spindle device of this utility model includes a transport trolley 100, a frame 200, a loading and unloading unit 300, and an angle adjustment unit 400. The frame 200 is fixed on the transport trolley 100. The frame 200 is provided with a plurality of loading and unloading units 300 and angle adjustment units 400. The transport trolley 100 can drive the frame 200, the loading and unloading units 300, and the angle adjustment unit 400 to move to a set position. The angle adjustment unit 400 can adjust the angle of the loading and unloading unit 300 to realize the loading and unloading of spindles.
[0037] The transport vehicle 100 adopts an intelligent AGV (Automated Guided Vehicle) that provides power and transportation, has automatic alignment and positioning functions, and can provide ample power. The AGV is equipped with servo, vision, and ranging systems, which not only makes positioning more accurate and efficient, but also saves on the use of mechanical positioning, simplifies the mechanical structure and control procedures, and makes operation simpler and more convenient.
[0038] The frame 200 is a square enclosure, including a base plate 201, vertical beams 202 erected on both sides and a top plate 203. The base plate 201 is fixedly connected to the transport trolley 100. Several assembly and unassembly units 300 are arranged in the device frame 200 from top to bottom.
[0039] like Figure 1 , Figure 3As shown, each assembly / disassembly unit 300 includes a sliding bracket 1, an adjusting frame 2, and a push-pull assembly. The sliding bracket 1 includes a vertical plate 11 and several support rods 12. The support rods 12 are arranged horizontally in several layers on the vertical plate 11 and are fixedly connected to the vertical plate 11; for example... Figure 7 As shown, each layer of support rods 12 is arranged in pairs (two adjacent support rods 12) to form a support station. Each layer has several support stations, and each support station is used to support one spindle. Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, the adjusting frame 2 includes a main frame 21 and several guide sleeves 22. The two sides of the main frame 21 are rotatably connected to a first support 204 via bearings. The first support 204 is fixed to the vertical beam 202 of the frame 200. Several guide sleeves 22 are horizontally spaced in several layers on the main frame 21. Each guide sleeve 22 corresponds to a support rod 12, which is inserted into the guide sleeve 22 and can move back and forth along it. The support rod 12 is slidably inserted into the adjusting frame 2, serving both supporting and guiding functions. The part of the support rod 12 located at the front of the adjusting frame 2 supports the spindle, while the part located at the rear of the adjusting frame 2 guides the spindle's movement. This achieves a dual-purpose function, making the structure simpler, more practical, and easier to operate.
[0040] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the push-pull assembly includes a main push cylinder 3, a push plate 4, an auxiliary push cylinder 5, a magnetic suction assembly 6, and a hook part 7. The main push cylinder 3 is fixedly connected to the adjusting frame 2, and the push rod of the main push cylinder 3 is connected to the upright plate 11 of the sliding bracket 1. The extension and retraction of the push rod of the main push cylinder 3 can drive the sliding bracket 1 to move back and forth along the adjusting frame 2. The auxiliary push cylinder 5 is fixedly connected to the upright plate 11 of the sliding bracket 1 through a bracket 51, and the push plate 4 is connected to the push rod of the auxiliary push cylinder 5. The extension and retraction of the push rod of the auxiliary push cylinder 5 can drive the push plate 4 to be pushed out or retracted. The push plate 4 is vertically set above the support rod 12 of the support station. The push plate 4 is equipped with a magnetic suction assembly 6 and a hook part 7 for each support station. When loading and unloading spindles, the magnetic suction assembly 6 can attract the spindle tightly to the plate surface of the push plate 4, and the hook part 7 can hook the spindle from the spindle frame and pull it back to the plate surface of the push plate 4 when unloading the spindle.
[0041] like Figure 5As shown, the hook part 7 includes two symmetrical sets of hooking components, each set including a hook 71 and a hook seat 72. The hook 71 is hinged to the hook seat 72 via a pin, and the hook seat 72 is fixed to the push plate 4. One end of the hook 71 is hinged to a first connecting rod 73, and the other end of the first connecting rod 73 is hinged to a second connecting rod 74. The hooks 71 of the two sets of hooking components are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the second connecting rod 74. The middle part of the second connecting rod 74 is fixedly connected to a connecting plate 75, and the connecting plate 75 is connected to the push rod of the drive cylinder 76. The drive cylinder 76 is fixed to the push plate 4 via a support plate 77. The extension and retraction of the push rod of the drive cylinder 76 can drive the hook 71 to engage or disengage via the connecting rod assembly. The hook 71 is a "U" shaped part, including a horizontal bar and two vertical bars. One vertical bar is connected to the first connecting rod 73, and the other vertical bar is used to hook the spindle. The vertical bar for hooking the spindle is chamfered, which allows the spindle end face to have a certain amount of deformation, reducing the error rate of loading and unloading.
[0042] like Figure 2 , Figure 6 As shown, the angle adjustment unit 400 is located on the back side of the adjustment frame 2. The angle adjustment unit 400 includes an adjustment cylinder 8, an adjustment rod 9, and a support arm 10. The adjustment cylinder 8 is connected to a second support 205, which is fixed to the base plate 201 of the frame 200. Several adjustment rods 9 are hinged sequentially from top to bottom, with one adjustment rod 9 corresponding to one adjustment frame 2. The bottom end of the lowest adjustment rod 9 is connected to the push rod of the adjustment cylinder 8. The top end of each adjustment rod 9 is connected to one end of the support arm 10, and the other end of the support arm 10 is fixed to the upper end of the adjustment frame 2. The height of the support arm 10 connected to each adjustment frame 2 is higher than the height of the first support 204 connected to that adjustment frame 2. The extension and retraction of the push rod of the adjusting cylinder 8 can drive the adjusting frame 2 to rotate around the bearing center of the first support 204 via the adjusting rod 9 and the support arm 10, thereby driving the entire loading and unloading unit 300 to rotate together for angle adjustment. The angle rotation range of the loading and unloading unit 300 is 0-7°. In this embodiment, the rotation angle of the loading and unloading unit 300 is preferably 0-4°. The adjusting rod 9 corresponding to each loading and unloading unit 300 is hinged to an adjusting cylinder 8. The adjusting cylinder 8 drives each loading and unloading unit 300 to rotate synchronously, so that the rotation angle of each loading and unloading unit 300 maintains synchronicity and consistency, which facilitates the loading and unloading of spindles and improves the loading and unloading efficiency of spindles. An angle limiting member 206 is provided on the frame 200 corresponding to the adjusting frame 2, which can limit the rotation angle of the adjusting frame 2, so that it rotates and is maintained at a specified angle. In this embodiment, the angle limiting member 206 can limit the rotation of the adjusting frame 2 to 4°.
[0043] The main push cylinder 3, auxiliary push cylinder 5, drive cylinder 76, and regulating cylinder 8 of this utility model are all electric cylinders. Compared with pneumatic cylinders, electric cylinders save on the design of air pipes and corresponding cable trays, which not only reduces equipment costs and saves energy, but also simplifies the layout of the equipment. The power required for the electric cylinders is provided by the transport trolley 100. The AGV trolley has its own power supply, which saves on the arrangement of cables and cable trays, saving both cables and space, and greatly simplifying the structure of the loading and unloading system.
[0044] like Figure 7 As shown, the vehicle-mounted automatic loading and unloading spindle device of this utility model can be used for the automatic loading of full spindles and the automatic unloading of empty spindles.
[0045] The automatic loading process of the spindles is as follows: 1) The vehicle-mounted automatic spindle loading and unloading device is positioned at the loading station, the support rod 12 of the loading and unloading unit 300 is in a horizontal position, and the hook 71 of the hook part 7 is in the open state; 2) The robot places the spindles fully wound with steel cord onto the support station of the loading and unloading unit 300 in sequence, and the magnetic suction component 6 on the push plate 4 attracts the spindles to the surface of the push plate 4; 3) After the spindles are loaded, the transport trolley 100 carries the device along the set route to transport the spindles into the spindle rack. The transport trolley 100 automatically aligns and positions itself so that the center hole of the spindle is aligned with the spindle shaft of the spindle rack; 4) After alignment, the angle adjustment unit 400 drives the loading and unloading unit 300 to adjust the angle so that the support rod 12 tilts downward by 4°, and the spindle supported on the support rod 12 tilts downward accordingly. 4°, so that the center hole of the spindle is parallel to the spindle shaft; 5) After the angle adjustment is completed, the main push cylinder 3 works first, driving the sliding bracket 1, the push-pull assembly (push plate 4, auxiliary push cylinder 5, magnetic suction assembly 6, hook part 7) and the spindle to move along the axial direction of the spindle shaft. After a certain stroke, the spindle part enters the spindle shaft, the main push cylinder 3 stops working, the sliding bracket 1 stops advancing, the auxiliary push cylinder 5 starts working, driving the push plate 4 to continue to push the spindle along the axial direction of the spindle shaft until the spindle is completely pushed into the working position of the spindle shaft; 6) After the spindle is pushed into place, the auxiliary push cylinder 5 drives the push plate 4 to retract, the main push cylinder 3 drives the sliding bracket 1 and the push-pull assembly to retract, the angle adjustment part 400 adjusts the support rod 12 back to the horizontal position, and the transport trolley 100 takes the device back to the loading position to complete the automatic loading work.
[0046] Automatic unloading process of the spindle: 1) The hook 71 of the hook section 7 is initially in the open state. The transport trolley 100 carries the device along the set route to transport the spindle into the spindle frame. The transport trolley 100 automatically aligns and positions itself so that the support station is aligned with the spindle shaft of the spindle frame; 2) After alignment, the angle adjustment section 400 drives the loading and unloading unit 300 to adjust the angle, so that the support rod 12 tilts downward by 4°, making the support rod 12 parallel to the spindle shaft; 3) After the angle adjustment is completed, the main push cylinder 3 drives the sliding bracket 1 and the push-pull assembly, and the auxiliary push cylinder 5 drives the push plate 4 to move along the axial direction of the spindle shaft towards the spindle shaft. 4) Push the plate 4 until the surface of the push plate 4 is in complete contact with the end face of the spindle; 5) The hook 71 of the hook part 7 engages, pulling the end face of the spindle back and fixing it to the surface of the push plate 4; 6) The main push cylinder 3 drives the sliding bracket 1 and the push-pull assembly, and the auxiliary push cylinder 5 drives the push plate 4 to retract respectively, until the spindle is completely taken out of the spindle shaft; 7) After the spindle is completely taken out of the spindle shaft, the angle adjustment part 400 adjusts the support rod 12 back to the horizontal position, thereby adjusting the spindle to a horizontal state; 8) The transport trolley 100 carries the device and moves quickly to the unloading station, where the robot removes the empty spindles one by one, completing the automatic unloading work.
[0047] This invention employs a step-by-step approach during spindle loading, reducing the length requirements of the spindle shaft. Even with a short spindle shaft, spindle loading can be successfully achieved, improving loading efficiency. Due to the reduced spindle shaft length, existing spindle racks with short shafts can also load spindles even with the original shaft retained, laying the foundation for old machine retrofitting. It is suitable for old machine retrofitting projects, effectively utilizing existing equipment and reducing the difficulty and cost of retrofitting projects, thus possessing high economic and promotional value.
[0048] The above description is an explanation of the present utility model and not a limitation thereof. The present utility model can be modified in any form without departing from its spirit.
Claims
1. A loading and unloading unit for an automatic loading and unloading spindle device, characterized in that: It includes a sliding bracket (1), an adjustment frame (2) and a push-pull assembly; several support rods (12) are arranged on the sliding bracket (1). Every two of the several support rods (12) form a support station as a group. The support rods (12) are movably inserted on the adjustment frame (2), and the adjustment frame (2) is rotatably arranged on the frame (200); the push-pull assembly includes a main push cylinder (3), a push plate (4), and an auxiliary push cylinder (5); the main push cylinder (3) is arranged on the adjustment frame (2), and the push rod of the main push cylinder (3) is connected to the sliding bracket (1); the auxiliary push cylinder (5) is arranged on the sliding bracket (1), the push plate (4) is connected to the push rod of the auxiliary push cylinder (5), and the push plate (4) is located above the support rods (12) of the support station; when loading the ingot, the main push cylinder (3) drives the sliding bracket (1), and the auxiliary push cylinder (5) drives the push plate (4) to push the ingot into the working position of the ingot shaft in a step-by-step manner.
2. The loading and unloading unit of the automatic loading and unloading spindle device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding bracket (1) includes a vertical plate (11), and several support rods (12) are horizontally arranged at intervals in several layers on the vertical plate (11) and fixedly connected to the vertical plate (11); the push rod of the main push cylinder (3) is connected to the vertical plate (11) of the sliding bracket (1).
3. The loading and unloading unit of the automatic loading and unloading spindle device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment frame (2) includes a main frame body (21) and several guide sleeves (22). The two sides of the main frame body (21) are respectively rotatably connected to the frame (200) through bearings. Several guide sleeves (22) are horizontally arranged at intervals in several layers on the main frame body (21). One guide sleeve (22) corresponds to one support rod (12), and the support rod (12) is inserted into the guide sleeve (22) and can move back and forth along the guide sleeve (22).
4. The loading and unloading unit of the automatic loading and unloading spindle device according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the push plate (4), a magnetic attraction component (6) is respectively arranged corresponding to each support station, and the magnetic attraction component (6) can suck the ingot tightly on the plate surface of the push plate (4).
5. The loading and unloading unit of the automatic loading and unloading spindle device according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the push plate (4), a hook part (7) is respectively arranged corresponding to each support station, and the hook part (7) can hook the ingot and pull it back and fix it to the plate surface of the push plate (4).
6. The loading and unloading unit of the automatic loading and unloading spindle device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hook part (7) includes two sets of upper and lower symmetrical hook-pulling components. The hook (71) of each set of hook-pulling components is hinged on the hook seat (72), and the hook seat (72) is fixed on the push plate (4); the hook (71) is connected to the push rod of the driving cylinder (76) through a connecting rod assembly. The driving cylinder (76) is fixed on the push plate (4), and the driving cylinder (76) can drive the hook (71) to hook or open through the connecting rod assembly.
7. The loading and unloading unit of the automatic loading and unloading spindle device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The hook (71) is a "U" - shaped part, including a cross bar part and two vertical bar parts. One vertical bar part is connected to the connecting rod, and the other vertical bar part is used for hooking the ingot; a chamfer is arranged on the vertical bar part for hooking the ingot.
8. The loading and unloading unit of the automatic loading and unloading spindle device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting rod assembly includes a first connecting rod (73), a second connecting rod (74), and a connecting plate (75); the hook (71) is hinged to one end of the first connecting rod (73), the other end of the first connecting rod (73) is hinged to the second connecting rod (74), the second connecting rod (74) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (75), and the connecting plate (75) is connected to the push rod of the driving cylinder (76).
9. The loading and unloading unit of the automatic loading and unloading spindle device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The hooks (71) of the two sets of upper and lower hook-pulling components are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the second connecting rod (74), and the middle part of the second connecting rod (74) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (75).
10. The loading and unloading unit of the automatic loading and unloading spindle device according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The main push cylinder (3), the auxiliary push cylinder (5), and the drive cylinder (76) are all electric cylinders.