Folding straw checkered automatic planting device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of desertification control equipment, and discloses a folding straw square automatic planting device which comprises a material box assembly, a folding guide planting assembly, a ditching assembly, a soil covering assembly, a movement assembly and a machine body. The material box assembly adopts a quick-release design and supports quick replacement; the folding guide planting assembly realizes accurate folding and accurate furrow entering of wheat straws through a V-shaped mold and a brush conveying belt; the ditching assembly is provided with a height-adjustable moldboard plow; the soil covering assembly compacts soil through a press wheel; and the movement assembly realizes full-process automation through a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). The problems that traditional manual laying is low in efficiency and the grass grid structure is loose are solved, the wind prevention and sand fixation effects are remarkably improved, and the device is suitable for desertification control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of desert control equipment technology, specifically a foldable automated planting device for mechanized laying of grass squares. Background Technology

[0002] Straw checkerboard sand barriers, a core technology for desertification control, utilize materials such as wheat straw or reeds to lay a grid structure on sandy land. This effectively reduces wind speed and traps moisture, creating a microenvironment for subsequent vegetation restoration. However, traditional straw checkerboard laying relies on manual labor, which is inefficient and costly, limiting its widespread application in desertification control.

[0003] Existing mechanical devices suffer from problems such as fragmented processes, inaccurate folding, and inability to adapt to complex terrain. The toughness of wheat straw causes it to spring back after folding, resulting in a loose straw checkerboard structure and poor windbreak and sand-fixing effects. Existing equipment is mostly large-scale, complex in structure, and has high maintenance costs. The fixed material bin design increases replacement time, and the equipment is difficult to adjust quickly in complex terrain, affecting the efficiency of large-scale operations. Therefore, based on the characteristics of wheat straw material and the problems existing in current automated equipment, a folding straw checkerboard automated planting device was designed. The following core innovations address existing technical bottlenecks: V-shaped folding mold and dynamic conveyor system: A V-shaped mold with curved transitions, combined with a conveyor belt with brushes, achieves progressive compression and precise folding of the wheat straw, preventing springback and improving structural stability; Integrated process design: Integrates compaction, ditching, folding planting, and soil covering functions. Through multi-stage transmission and sensor feedback, it achieves fully automated operation from loading to forming of the straw; Modular quick-release structure: The material bin and key components support quick replacement to adapt to different operational needs. Combined with an adjustable plow and soil-covering and compaction wheel, it dynamically adapts to complex terrain and sandy soil hardness. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model relates to an automated folding grass checkerboard planting device, which is particularly suitable for the mechanized laying of grass checkerboards in desertification control. The device integrates compaction, ditching, folding planting, and soil covering functions through modular design, realizing full automation of the grass checkerboard planting process.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is: a folding straw checkerboard automated planting device, including a feed bin assembly, a folding guiding planting assembly, a ditching assembly, a soil covering assembly, a motion assembly, and a machine body. The feed bin assembly is located on the top of the machine body; the folding guiding planting assembly is located inside the machine body; the ditching assembly is located at the front of the machine body; the soil covering assembly is located at the rear of the machine body; and the motion assembly is located at the bottom of the machine body. The feed bin assembly includes a quick-release feed bin, a roller compaction mechanism, a first conveyor belt, a second conveyor belt, and a planetary geared motor, used to realize the storage, compaction, and continuous conveying of straw. The folding guiding planting assembly includes a V-shaped folding mold, a third conveyor belt, a guide groove, and a guide funnel. The ditching assembly includes a moldboard plow and an electric push rod.

[0006] The soil covering assembly includes soil compaction wheels and a frame. The motion assembly includes tracked wheels, a first motor, a second motor, and a PLC controller.

[0007] Preferably, the quick-release hopper is installed on the roller compaction mechanism via a snap-fit ​​or plug-in structure, supporting rapid disassembly and replacement, facilitating quick adjustment and maintenance in different operating scenarios. The first conveyor belt surface is equipped with anti-slip protrusions, 2-3mm high and spaced 10-15mm apart, used to uniformly convey the compacted wheat straw, ensuring its stability during transport and preventing slippage or accumulation. The second conveyor belt connects the roller compaction mechanism and the first conveyor belt, enabling continuous transport of the wheat straw. A planetary geared motor drives the roller compaction mechanism to compact the wheat straw, ensuring uniform density for easy subsequent folding and planting operations.

[0008] Preferably, the V-shaped folding mold has a vertical layout at the front and rear, with a smooth curved surface transitioning in the middle. This design ensures that the wheat straw gradually adapts to its shape as it enters the mold, achieving a precise folding angle. The surface of the third conveyor belt is equipped with brushes to drive the wheat straw within the folding mold and prevent it from springing back after folding, ensuring the stability of the folding effect with an error ≤ ±2°. A guide groove guides the folded wheat straw to fall vertically, ensuring it maintains the correct orientation and position when entering the trench. A guide funnel accurately feeds the wheat straw into the trench opened by the trenching component, preventing it from shifting or scattering during its descent, thus ensuring a smooth planting process.

[0009] Preferably, the moldboard plow is height-adjustable via an electric push rod, with an adjustment range of 5-20cm. This allows for flexible adjustment of the furrow depth according to different soil conditions and planting requirements, ensuring that the grass squares can be accurately inserted into the sandy soil and improving planting results.

[0010] Preferably, the soil-covering and compacting wheel can rotate around its axis to cover the soil and compact the straw checkerboard, ensuring a tight bond between the checkerboard and the soil and enhancing its windbreak and sand-fixing effect. A support frame is used to support the soil-covering and compacting wheel, ensuring its stability and reliability during operation. The surface of the soil-covering and compacting wheel has spiral ridges, which allows the soil to be more evenly covered on the straw checkerboard and enhances the bonding force between the soil and the checkerboard, further improving the stability and lifespan of the straw checkerboard.

[0011] Preferably, the tracked wheels are used to drive the device to move smoothly on sandy ground, adapting to different terrain conditions. The first and second motors are used to drive different components, such as the conveyor belt and folding mold, to ensure the coordinated operation of all parts. The PLC controller is used to control the operation of the entire device, including speed control, trenching depth adjustment, soil covering and compaction, etc., to realize the automated planting process.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0013] The integrated process design of the device combines compaction, ditching, folding planting, and soil covering functions into one unit, realizing fully automated operation from loading to forming of forage. This reduces the process fragmentation caused by step-by-step operations and improves efficiency by more than 50%.

[0014] The device uses a V-shaped folding mold and a dynamic conveyor system. Through the V-shaped mold with curved transition and the conveyor belt with brushes, it achieves progressive extrusion and precise folding of wheat straw, effectively avoiding the problem of rebound or breakage caused by the strong toughness of wheat straw. This significantly improves the structural stability of the straw grid and enhances its wind resistance and sand fixation effect.

[0015] The quick-release design of the material bin unit allows for rapid replacement of the material bin and key components, significantly reducing replacement time and improving operational continuity and efficiency. Combined with an adjustable moldboard plow and soil compaction wheel, the unit can dynamically adapt to complex terrain and sand hardness, enhancing its operational capabilities in complex desert terrain and providing strong support for large-scale operations. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device;

[0017] Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of the material bin assembly structure;

[0018] Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of the folding guided planting component structure;

[0019] Figure 4 : Schematic diagram of trenching component structure;

[0020] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the soil covering component structure;

[0021] Figure 6 : Schematic diagram of motion components.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Material bin assembly; 11. Quick-release material bin; 12. Roller compaction mechanism; 13. First conveyor belt; 14. Second conveyor belt; 15. Planetary geared motor; 2. Folding guide planting assembly; 21. V-shaped folding mold; 22. Third conveyor belt; 23. Guide groove; 24. Guide funnel; 3. Trenching assembly; 31. Moldboard plow; 32. Electric push rod; 4. Soil covering assembly; 41. Soil covering and compaction wheel; 42. Rod frame; 5. Motion assembly; 51. Track wheel; 52. First motor; 53. Second motor; 54. PLC controller; 6. Machine body. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Example 1

[0024] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the device includes a material bin assembly 1, a folding guide planting assembly 2, a trenching assembly 3, a soil covering assembly 4, a motion assembly 5, and a machine body 6.

[0025] The feed box assembly 1 is located on the top of the machine body 6 and is used for storing, compacting, and continuously conveying wheat straw. The folding guide planting assembly 2 is located inside the machine body 6 and uses a V-shaped folding mold 21 and a third conveyor belt 22 with a brush to fold the wheat straw. The guide groove 23 and guide funnel 24 are used to guide the folded wheat straw into the trench. The trenching assembly 3 is located at the front of the machine body 6 and includes a height-adjustable moldboard plow 31. The soil covering assembly 4 is located at the rear of the machine body 6 and includes a soil covering and pressing wheel 41 and a frame 42. The motion assembly 5 is located at the bottom of the machine body 6 and drives the device to operate and achieve automated control.

[0026] The material bin assembly 1 includes: a quick-release material bin 11, a roller compaction mechanism 12, a first conveyor belt 13, a second conveyor belt 14, and a planetary geared motor 15; the quick-release material bin 11 is connected to the roller compaction mechanism 12 via a snap-fit ​​or plug-in structure, supporting quick disassembly and replacement; the second conveyor belt 14 connects the roller compaction mechanism 12 and the first conveyor belt 13; the surface of the first conveyor belt 13 is provided with anti-slip protrusions, the height of which is 2-3mm and the spacing is 10-15mm; the planetary geared motor 15 is used to drive the roller compaction mechanism 12.

[0027] The V-shaped folding mold 21 of the folding guide planting component 2 is arranged vertically at the front and rear, with a smooth curved surface transitioning in the middle; the surface brush density of the third conveyor belt 22 of the folding guide planting component 2 is 3-5 brushes per square centimeter, and the brush height is 1-2cm, which is used to prevent the wheat straw from rebounding.

[0028] The ditching component 3's moldboard plow 31 adjusts the ditching depth from 5 to 20 cm via an electric push rod 32, and is dynamically adjusted by a PLC controller 54 based on soil hardness.

[0029] The soil covering assembly 4 has a soil covering and pressing wheel 41 that can rotate around an axis and has spiral ridges on its surface for uniform soil covering and enhancing soil binding force; the frame 42 of the soil covering assembly 4 is used to support the soil covering and pressing wheel 41.

[0030] The motion component 5 includes track wheels 51, a first motor 52, a second motor 53, and a PLC controller 54. The first motor 52 and the second motor 53 are used to drive the device to move, and the PLC controller 54 adjusts the trenching depth and the rotation speed of the soil compaction wheel 41 in real time.

[0031] Working principle: During operation, the motion component 5 drives the track wheels 51 to move forward. After being compacted by the roller compaction mechanism 12 in the quick-release material box 11, the wheat straw is sent to the folding guide planting component 2 by the first conveyor belt 13. The V-shaped mold 21 progressively extrudes the straw to form a 90° fold, and it is precisely placed into the furrow through the guide funnel 24. After the moldboard plow 31 opens the furrow, the soil covering and pressing wheel 41 compacts the soil. The PLC controller 54 adjusts the parameters in real time to ensure operational stability.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] Based on Example 1, when replacing the quick-release material box 11, unlock the buckle and pull out the old material box. The new material box is inserted and the installation is completed within 10 seconds; the V-shaped folding mold 21 is fixed by bolts.

[0034] Example 3

[0035] Based on Example 1, when the device enters hard sandy ground, the PLC controller 54 automatically reduces the moldboard plow 31 to the maximum depth and increases the rotation speed of the soil compaction wheel 41 to ensure compaction effect.

[0036] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model and does not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of this utility model, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A foldable grass grid automated planting device, characterized in that: The machine includes a feed bin assembly (1), a folding guide planting assembly (2), a ditching assembly (3), a soil covering assembly (4), a motion assembly (5), and a machine body (6). The feed bin assembly (1) is located on the top of the machine body (6) and is used for storing, compacting, and continuously conveying wheat straw. The folding guide planting assembly (2) is located inside the machine body (6) and uses a V-shaped folding mold (21) and a third conveyor belt (22) with a brush to fold the wheat straw. A guide groove (23) and a guide funnel (24) are used to guide the folded wheat straw to the ditch. The ditching assembly (3) is located at the front of the machine body (6) and includes a height-adjustable moldboard plow (31). The soil covering assembly (4) is located at the rear of the machine body (6) and includes a soil covering and pressing wheel (41) and a frame (42). The motion assembly (5) is located at the bottom of the machine body (6) and drives the device to operate and achieve automated control.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material box assembly (1) includes: a quick-release material box (11), a roller compaction mechanism (12), a first conveyor belt (13), a second conveyor belt (14), and a planetary geared motor (15); the quick-release material box (11) is connected to the roller compaction mechanism (12) through a snap-fit ​​or plug-in structure, supporting quick disassembly and replacement; the second conveyor belt (14) connects the roller compaction mechanism (12) and the first conveyor belt (13); the surface of the first conveyor belt (13) is provided with anti-slip protrusions, the height of the anti-slip protrusions is 2-3mm, and the spacing is 10-15mm; the planetary geared motor (15) is used to drive the roller compaction mechanism (12).

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The V-shaped folding mold (21) of the folding guide planting component (2) is arranged vertically at the front and rear, with a smooth curved surface transitioning in the middle; the surface of the third conveyor belt (22) of the folding guide planting component (2) has a brush density of 3-5 brushes per square centimeter and a brush height of 1-2cm, which is used to prevent the straw from rebounding.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ditching component (3) has a moldboard plow (31) that adjusts the ditching depth to 5-20cm via an electric push rod (32), and is dynamically adjusted by a PLC controller (54) according to the soil hardness.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil covering assembly (4) has a soil covering and pressing wheel (41) that can rotate around an axis and has spiral ridges on its surface for uniform soil covering and enhancing soil binding force; the frame (42) of the soil covering assembly (4) is used to support the soil covering and pressing wheel (41).

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motion component (5) includes a track wheel (51), a first motor (52), a second motor (53), and a PLC controller (54). The first motor (52) and the second motor (53) are used to drive the device to move. The PLC controller (54) adjusts the trenching depth and the rotation speed of the soil covering and pressing wheel (41) in real time.

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