Cooling device and energy storage equipment cooling system

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of energy storage cooling, and particularly relates to a cooling device and an energy storage equipment cooling system. The cooling circulation system comprises a liquid inlet system, a heat exchange system and a liquid outlet system; the heat exchange system comprises a plurality of heat exchange units which are connected in parallel based on a shunting main pipe I and a converging main pipe I; a control box, a distribution box, a liquid supply interface and a liquid return interface are arranged on the packaging shell; the electrical control system in the control box is connected with the cooling circulation system, and the power distribution system in the power distribution box is connected with the electrical control system and the cooling circulation system. The liquid return connector is connected with the shunting main pipe I through a liquid inlet pipeline of the liquid inlet system, and the converging main pipe I is connected with the liquid supply connector through a liquid outlet pipeline of the liquid outlet system. According to the technical scheme, the problems of heat dissipation efficiency and cost are solved through liquid cooling and centralized layout, an intelligent control and auxiliary system is assisted, and the heat dissipation performance, safety, reliability and economical efficiency of the energy storage cooling system are comprehensively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of energy storage cooling technology, and in particular relates to a cooling device and a cooling system for energy storage equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Energy storage, as an indispensable fourth component of future power systems, is driving a fundamental transformation in power grid development. With continuous improvements in electrochemical energy storage technology, its manufacturing and maintenance costs are decreasing, while the capacity and lifespan of storage devices are gradually increasing. Electrochemical energy storage is now being applied on a large scale, becoming a new development trend in China's energy storage industry. Among various electrochemical energy storage technologies, lithium-ion battery energy storage stands out as the fastest-growing technology due to its largest proportion of projects and installed capacity, as well as its rapid growth rate. This technology originated in the new energy storage and power generation industry and has gradually extended to the energy and power sector, and even the entire power electronics industry.

[0003] During the operation of an energy storage system, if the heat generated by the battery cannot be dissipated effectively and in a timely manner, it will seriously affect battery performance, lifespan, and system safety. Existing technologies have many shortcomings in energy storage cooling. In terms of heat dissipation methods, air cooling is commonly used, which has low efficiency and cannot quickly remove the large amount of heat generated by the battery. This also leads to large temperature differences between components, which is detrimental to the balanced and stable operation of the battery pack. Regarding heat dissipation layout, existing technologies employ distributed cooling schemes, with a small number of battery packs equipped with a single cooling system. This results in the need for multiple low-power cooling systems throughout the project, leading to problems such as high cost, large size, complex piping, complex control systems, and large temperature gradients.

[0004] Regarding water supply temperature, existing technologies provide relatively high temperatures, which cannot meet the low water supply temperature requirements of energy storage systems. For example, battery packs often require a water supply temperature of 18°C, which is difficult to achieve with existing solutions. Furthermore, with the application of high-voltage cascading technology in energy storage systems, each module has a high-voltage floating potential to ground, and the three-phase voltage is typically 6kV or higher. This necessitates high insulation properties for the coolant and piping. However, existing technologies do not meet the requirements for high-voltage floating and isolation.

[0005] In summary, existing energy storage cooling technologies have many shortcomings and are unable to meet the growing performance, cost, and safety requirements of energy storage systems. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to address the shortcomings of the existing technology by proposing a cooling device and energy storage equipment cooling system. By adopting a liquid cooling heat dissipation scheme, a centralized heat dissipation layout, and innovative designs such as integrating a compressor and condenser and having a high-voltage suspension isolation function, the present invention effectively solves the problems existing in the prior art and provides a reliable guarantee for the efficient and stable operation of the energy storage system.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A cooling device includes an encapsulated housing and a cooling circulation system. The cooling circulation system is located inside the encapsulated housing and includes a liquid inlet system, a heat exchange system, and a liquid outlet system. The heat exchange system includes several heat exchange units connected in parallel based on a main branch pipe I and a main confluence pipe I. The encapsulated housing is equipped with a control box, a distribution box, a liquid supply interface, and a liquid return interface. The electrical control system in the control box is electrically connected to the cooling circulation system and is used to control the operation of the cooling circulation system. The power distribution system in the distribution box is electrically connected to both the electrical control system and the cooling circulation system, and is used to provide power to both systems. The liquid return interface is connected to the main branch pipe I through the liquid inlet pipe of the liquid inlet system. In the liquid inlet pipe, a pressure detection device, a liquid temperature measuring device I, a drain degassing tank, and a liquid circulation drive unit are sequentially connected along the internal liquid medium flow direction. A deionization system is connected in parallel to both ends of the liquid circulation drive unit. The main manifold I is connected to the liquid supply interface via the liquid outlet pipeline of the liquid outlet system; in the liquid outlet pipeline, a conductivity detection device, a liquid temperature measurement device II, and an outlet pressure detection device are sequentially connected along the internal liquid medium flow direction.

[0009] Preferably, the deionization system includes several deionization units connected in parallel; the inlet end of all deionization units is connected to the outlet end of the inlet pipeline through a main diversion pipe II, and a main throttle valve is connected in the main diversion pipe II; the outlet end of all deionization units is connected to the inlet pipeline through a manifold pipe II, and the connection point is located between the sewage degassing tank and the liquid circulation drive unit, and a filter unit is connected in the manifold pipe II.

[0010] Preferably, the liquid circulation drive unit includes a heating device and a pump drive pipeline unit connected in series along the internal liquid medium flow direction in the liquid inlet pipeline. The pump drive pipeline unit includes at least two parallel pump drive branches. In each pump drive branch, a liquid inlet valve I, a liquid pump device, a check valve I, and a liquid outlet valve I are connected in series along the liquid medium flow direction. The liquid pump device is connected to the sewage degassing tank through the degassing pipeline, and a valve switch II is connected in the degassing pipeline.

[0011] Preferably, the liquid inlet system is further connected to a system constant pressure device, which includes a constant pressure pipe and several expansion tanks; the constant pressure pipe is connected to the liquid inlet pipeline, and the connection point is located between the sewage degassing tank and the liquid circulation drive unit; all expansion tanks are connected to the constant pressure pipe through corresponding valve switches I.

[0012] Preferably, the liquid inlet system is further provided with an exhaust system and a liquid draining system; the exhaust system includes a plurality of exhaust pipes respectively arranged at each exhaust node in the liquid inlet system, and an exhaust valve is connected to the exhaust pipe via an exhaust switch; the liquid draining system includes a plurality of liquid draining pipes respectively arranged at each liquid draining node in the liquid inlet system, and a liquid draining control valve is connected to the liquid draining pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the heat exchange unit includes an evaporator, an expansion valve, and a refrigeration cycle pipeline. On the cooling side of the evaporator, the liquid medium inlet is connected to the main branch pipe I via a flow switch, and the liquid medium outlet is connected to the main manifold pipe I via a valve switch III. On the cooling side of the evaporator, from the refrigerant outlet to the refrigerant inlet, a first needle valve, a low-pressure side pressure sensor, a compressor, a fan pressure controller, a condenser, a second needle valve, a dryer filter II, and a solenoid valve I are connected in series via the refrigeration cycle pipeline. The inlet of the expansion valve is connected to the outlet of solenoid valve I, and the outlet of the expansion valve is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator. The temperature sensing bulb of the expansion valve is connected to a temperature sensing bulb installed at the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator via a capillary tube. The balance pipe of the expansion valve is connected between the evaporator and the compressor via the refrigeration cycle pipeline.

[0014] Preferably, the heat exchange system further includes a bypass pipe, one end of which is connected to the connection passage between the liquid inlet system and the heat exchange system, and the other end of which is connected to the connection passage between the heat exchange system and the liquid outlet system. A bypass throttling valve is connected in the bypass pipe.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes an air-cooling system, which includes a fan unit and a liquid-air heat exchange unit; the liquid pipe in the liquid-air heat exchange unit is connected to a bypass pipe, and the connection point is located behind the bypass throttle valve according to the liquid flow direction; the fan unit is arranged on one side of the liquid-air heat exchange unit to accelerate the air flow around the liquid-air heat exchange unit.

[0016] Preferably, the system also includes a replenishment system, which comprises a storage tank and a replenishment pipeline. In the replenishment pipeline, a driving pump, filter III, solenoid valve II, and check valve II are connected in series along the liquid flow direction. The inlet of the driving pump is provided with a replenishment / drainage port via valve switch IV. The storage tank is connected to the replenishment pipeline via valve switch IV, with the connection point located between the driving pump and the replenishment / drainage port. The outlet of check valve II is provided with two replenishment branch pipes; one replenishment branch pipe is conductively connected to the inlet pipeline, with the connection point located between the wastewater degassing tank and the liquid circulation drive unit; the other replenishment branch pipe is connected to the connection path between the heat exchange system and the liquid outlet system, and solenoid valve III is connected to this replenishment branch pipe.

[0017] Preferably, the encapsulation shell is provided with a lifting structure.

[0018] A cooling system for an energy storage device includes a heat dissipation piping unit and the aforementioned cooling device. The heat dissipation piping unit is arranged according to the structure of the energy storage device being cooled. The input end of the heat dissipation piping unit is detachably and sealedly connected to the liquid supply interface of the cooling device, and the output end of the heat dissipation piping unit is detachably and sealedly connected to the liquid return interface of the cooling device.

[0019] Preferably, the heat dissipation piping unit includes an inlet main pipe and an outlet main pipe, with the outlet main pipe located above the inlet main pipe; the inlet main pipe is connected at intervals with several primary distribution branch pipes, and each primary distribution branch pipe is connected at intervals with several secondary distribution branch pipes; the outlet main pipe is connected at intervals with several primary collection branch pipes corresponding one-to-one with the primary distribution branch pipes, and each primary collection straight pipe is connected at intervals with several secondary collection branch pipes corresponding one-to-one with the secondary distribution branch pipes.

[0020] Preferably, an exhaust valve is provided in the main liquid outlet pipeline.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0022] I. Improved heat dissipation efficiency and temperature uniformity

[0023] Liquid cooling replaces air cooling: This technical solution uses liquid cooling, utilizing the high specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of the liquid medium to quickly remove the large amount of heat generated by the battery, significantly improving heat dissipation efficiency. Simultaneously, the liquid cooling system can more precisely control the battery pack temperature, reduce temperature differences between components, ensure balanced and stable operation of the battery pack, and solve the problem of uneven temperature caused by air cooling.

[0024] Centralized heat dissipation layout optimization: This technical solution adopts a centralized heat dissipation layout, which covers more battery packs through a single cooling device, reduces the number of cooling systems, simplifies piping and control systems, reduces overall cost and volume, and avoids the problem of large temperature gradients in distributed layouts, achieving a more uniform heat dissipation effect.

[0025] II. Breakthroughs in Low-Temperature Water Supply and High-Voltage Insulation Performance

[0026] Meeting the requirements for low water supply temperature: This technical solution integrates refrigeration components such as compressors, condensers, and evaporators to build a complete refrigeration cycle system, which can accurately control the coolant temperature and ensure the output of low-temperature coolant, meeting the stringent requirements of energy storage systems for low water supply temperature.

[0027] High-voltage floating isolation function: To address the insulation requirements under high-voltage cascade technology, this utility model ensures the safety of high-voltage environments through the following design: deionization system (purifying coolant, reducing conductivity, and improving insulation); material and structure optimization (such as packaging shell and pipeline design meeting high-voltage insulation standards); detection and control (conductivity detection device monitors the insulation performance of coolant in real time), avoiding leakage risks under high-voltage environments and meeting the isolation requirements of high-voltage floating potential for each module.

[0028] III. System Integration and Reliability Enhancement

[0029] Modular integrated design: The cooling unit integrates components such as compressor, condenser, control box, and distribution box into a single encapsulated housing, forming an integrated unit. This reduces external connections, improves system compactness and installation convenience, and reduces piping complexity and failure risk.

[0030] Intelligent detection and control: The system integrates pressure detection, liquid temperature measurement, conductivity detection and other devices to monitor the coolant status (temperature, pressure, insulation) in real time. It works with the electrical control system to precisely adjust the operating parameters of the pump drive unit, refrigeration cycle and other components to achieve adaptive control and ensure the efficient and stable operation of the system.

[0031] Auxiliary systems enhance maintenance convenience: Exhaust and drainage systems automatically remove air bubbles and impurities from pipelines, preventing air resistance from affecting heat dissipation efficiency; the replenishment system automatically replenishes coolant to maintain constant system pressure; the expansion tank and constant pressure device stabilize system pressure, reduce the impact of liquid volume changes on circulation, and extend equipment life.

[0032] IV. Optimization of Heat Dissipation Piping Layout

[0033] The cooling piping unit employs a tiered liquid distribution / collection design, combined with a layout where the outlet main line is located above the inlet main line, ensuring uniform distribution of coolant to each battery pack, reducing flow resistance and temperature deviation, and improving overall heat dissipation efficiency. An exhaust valve is installed on the outlet main line to further remove residual gas from the system, ensuring circulation stability. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a preferred axial structure of a cooling device;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of a preferred cooling device;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of a preferred cooling device;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a preferred cooling system for an energy storage device;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a basic principle framework diagram of a cooling cycle system;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a preferred principle framework for a cooling cycle system;

[0040] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a preferred liquid inlet system structure;

[0041] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a heat exchange system with a preferred structure;

[0042] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a preferred liquid discharge system structure;

[0043] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a preferred fluid replenishment system structure;

[0044] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the axial structure of a cooling device after encapsulation, representing a preferred cooling circulation system.

[0045] In the picture:

[0046] 1. Inlet pipe; 2. Liquid shut-off valve; 3. Pressure sensor I; 4. Pressure measuring valve I; 5. Liquid temperature measuring device I; 6. Sewage discharge and degassing tank; 7. Exhaust pipe; 8. Exhaust switch; 9. Exhaust valve; 10. Constant pressure pipe; 11. Expansion tank; 12. Valve switch I; 13. Heating device; 14. Drain pipe; 15. Drain valve; 16. Liquid-side valve I; 17. Liquid pump device; 18. Check valve I; 19. Outlet side valve I; 20. Degassing pipe; 21. Valve switch II; 22. Diversion main pipe II; 23. Main throttle valve; 24. 25. Branch throttle valve; 26. Resin tank; 27. Main manifold II; 28. Precision filter I; 29. ​​Inlet valve II; 30. Outlet valve II; 31. Drain pipe; 32. Drain valve; 33. Bypass pipe; 34. Bypass throttle valve; 35. Liquid-air heat exchange unit; 36. Axial flow fan; 37. Main branch manifold I; 38. Flow switch; 39. Valve switch III; 40. Evaporator; 41. Refrigeration circulation piping; 42. First needle valve; 43. Low-pressure side pressure sensor; 44. Compressor; 45. Fan pressure. Controller; 46. Condenser; 47. Second needle valve; 48. Dryer filter II; 49. Solenoid valve I; 50. Expansion valve; 51. Antifreeze temperature probe; 52. Liquid outlet line; 53. Conductivity detection device; 54. Pressure sensor II; 55. Pressure measuring valve II; 56. Pressure gauge; 57. Pressure measuring valve III; 58. Liquid storage tank; 59. Liquid filling port; 60. Level gauge; 61. Level switch; 62. Liquid replenishment line; 63. Drive pump; 64. Filter III; 65. Solenoid valve II; 66. Check valve II; 67. Valve switch IV; 68. 69. Liquid replenishment / drainage port; 70. Liquid replenishment branch pipe; 71. Solenoid valve III; 72. Encapsulation housing; 73. Liquid temperature measuring device II; 74. Control box; 75. Distribution box; 76. Liquid supply interface; 77. Liquid return interface; 78. Heat dissipation piping unit; 79. Main liquid guide interface; 80. Ventilation window; 81. Cable inlet; 82. Lifting structure; 83. Main liquid inlet pipeline; 84. Main liquid outlet pipeline; 85. Primary liquid distribution branch pipe; 86. Primary liquid collection branch pipe; 87. Secondary liquid distribution branch pipe; 88. Secondary liquid collection branch pipe; 89. Shut-off valve; 80. Battery pack. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments.

[0048] Therefore, the following detailed description of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] This embodiment discloses a cooling device and a cooling system for an energy storage device. As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the cooling device is as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, it includes a housing 71 and a cooling circulation system.

[0051] The cooling circulation system is located inside the enclosure 71 and includes a liquid inlet system, a heat exchange system, and a liquid outlet system. The heat exchange system includes a main branch pipe I36, a main junction pipe I37, and several heat exchange units. The number of heat exchange units is configured according to the object being cooled and the environment in which the energy storage device is located. For example, if the heat generation of the energy storage device being cooled is high or the ambient temperature of the object being cooled is high, the number of heat exchange units can be increased; conversely, the number of heat exchange units can be reduced.

[0052] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, all heat exchange units are connected in parallel based on the main distribution pipe I36 and the main manifold I37. This forms a framework for a parallel heat exchange unit matrix built upon the main distribution pipe I36 and the main manifold I37, enabling liquid distribution and convergence. The liquid medium output from the inlet system is evenly distributed to each heat exchange unit via the main distribution pipe I for heat exchange, and then enters the outlet system via the main manifold I after convergence. The parallel structure supports flexible combination and operation of single / multiple units, and dynamic flow distribution can be achieved through valve groups. This technical solution achieves flexible adjustment of heat exchange capacity through modular parallel design, adapting to heat dissipation requirements under different loads, while providing redundant heat exchange units to ensure system reliability.

[0053] Based on the control requirements and installation requirements of the cooling circulation system, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the enclosure 71 is equipped with a control box 73, a distribution box 74, a liquid supply interface 75, and a liquid return interface 76. The electrical control system in the control box 73 is electrically connected to the cooling circulation system and is used to control the operation of the cooling circulation system. The power distribution system in the distribution box 74 is electrically connected to both the electrical control system and the cooling circulation system, providing power to both systems. Therefore, a cable inlet 80 can be provided on the enclosure 71 for connecting the electrical control system to an external control terminal and for connecting the power distribution system to external power supply equipment.

[0054] The return interface 76 on the housing 71 is connected to the main distribution pipe I36 via the inlet pipe 1 of the inlet system. The inlet pipe 1 serves as the channel for liquid to enter the cooling circulation system, facilitating liquid transfer. To construct a clean and stable liquid medium input channel, provide a high-quality working fluid for subsequent heat exchange, and ensure long-term reliable system operation, the inlet pipe 1 is sequentially connected to a pressure detection device, a liquid temperature measurement device I5, a drain and degassing tank 6, and a liquid circulation drive unit along the internal liquid medium flow direction. A deionization system is connected in parallel to both ends of the liquid circulation drive unit. Thus, the liquid medium first receives real-time feedback of the system inlet pressure and temperature through the inlet pressure detection device and liquid temperature measurement device I5, providing data support for system pressure and temperature control; then, it passes through the drain and degassing tank 6 to remove solid impurities and dissolved gases, ensuring liquid cleanliness and stability and preventing gas resistance and pipe blockage. The liquid circulation drive unit starts at a predetermined power to establish the initial circulation flow rate, providing power for liquid circulation. The liquid circulation drive unit is connected in parallel with a deionization system at both ends. The deionization system turns on when the conductivity of the liquid medium exceeds the standard, and continuously purifies the medium through ion exchange resin to ensure the insulation performance of the liquid medium. It is suitable for electrical equipment cooling scenarios.

[0055] The main manifold I 37 is connected to the liquid supply interface 75 via the liquid outlet pipe 52 of the liquid outlet system. The liquid outlet pipe 52 is the channel through which the cooled liquid medium flows out of the system. In the liquid outlet pipe 52, a conductivity detection device 53, a liquid temperature measurement device II 72, and an outlet pressure detection device are sequentially connected along the internal liquid medium flow direction. After heat exchange, the liquid medium first undergoes real-time quality monitoring via the conductivity detection device 53, and then the outlet pressure detection device and liquid temperature measurement device II 72 provide feedback on the system's terminal pressure and temperature, forming a complete closed-loop monitoring circuit. The detection data is transmitted in real-time to the electrical control system as a basis for heat exchange unit adjustment and fault diagnosis.

[0056] Based on the aforementioned cooling device, this embodiment proposes a cooling system for an energy storage device, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the energy storage device cooling system includes a heat dissipation piping unit 77 and the aforementioned cooling device. The heat dissipation piping unit 77 is arranged according to the structure of the energy storage device being cooled. The input end of the heat dissipation piping unit 77 is detachably and sealedly connected to the liquid supply interface 75 of the cooling device, and the output end of the heat dissipation piping unit 77 is detachably and sealedly connected to the liquid return interface 76 of the cooling device. This allows for the implementation of the following method for cooling the energy storage device.

[0057] A cooling method for energy storage devices, such as Figure 11 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0058] S1 connects the heat dissipation piping unit 77 of the cooled energy storage device to the liquid supply interface 75 and return interface 76 of the cooling device via a quick-connect interface, forming a closed-loop path for liquid medium flow. A customized cooling control scheme is generated based on factors such as the device's rated power, temperature rise characteristics, and operating environment. This establishment of physical connection and data mapping allows for a personalized solution to match the device's heat dissipation needs, avoiding issues of insufficient cooling or overkill.

[0059] S2, based on the cooling control scheme and considering the structure of the cooling circulation system, configures the electrical control and power distribution systems for the cooling circulation system, and connects the temperature measurement units of the cooled energy storage equipment to the electrical control system. For example, a PLC controller is used to build the electrical control system, configuring 4 AI inputs (temperature / pressure detection), 2 AO outputs (pump speed regulation), and 8 DO outputs (heat exchange unit start / stop). The equipment temperature measurement units are connected to an analog module to achieve digital conversion of temperature signals. This hardware control platform enables the acquisition of equipment status signals and the driving of actuators, providing the hardware foundation for intelligent control.

[0060] The configuration of the electrical control system includes hardware configuration and software configuration. The software configuration process includes configuring the following operating parameters:

[0061]

[0062] S3, start the electrical control system and initialize the operating parameters.

[0063] S4, the electrical control system obtains the temperature of the cooled energy storage device through the equipment temperature measurement unit. .

[0064] S5, determine the current temperature of the energy storage device being cooled. Is it greater than or equal to the maximum allowable temperature of the cooled energy storage device? If not, return to step S4; if yes, proceed to step S6. Threshold triggering avoids invalid operation, achieving an energy-saving "on-demand start" control strategy.

[0065] S6, start the cooling circulation system and operate it according to standard conditions (e.g., initial power of the liquid circulation drive unit). Initial number of heat exchange units Record and bind system startup time .

[0066] S7, according to the set time interval The temperature of the cooled energy storage device is obtained again. .

[0067] S8, based on the current temperature of the cooled energy storage device The size of the cooling cycle system is used to adjust the number of heat exchange units in operation; during this process, when the temperature of the cooled energy storage device... Less than the minimum allowable temperature for the cooled energy storage device If the number of heat exchange units in operation is zero, proceed to step S9; otherwise, return to step S7.

[0068] Steps S6-S8 avoid frequent start-stop cycles through graded adjustments, while utilizing the redundancy of the parallel structure to achieve a smooth transition of cooling capacity and improve system stability.

[0069] S9, the cooling circulation system continues to run for the set time. After that, obtain again This means the cooling circulation system enters a "delayed operation" mode to prevent temperature rebound due to residual heat from the medium.

[0070] S10, Determine the current temperature of the energy storage device being cooled. Is it below the minimum allowable temperature for the cooled energy storage device? If not, return to step S7; if yes, proceed to step S11. That is, the temperature of the cooled energy storage device after the delay ends. Still below the minimum temperature allowed by the cooled energy storage device If so, the cooling system shutdown procedure will be executed.

[0071] S11, Get the current time and judge Is it greater than or equal to the set time? If yes, proceed to step S12; otherwise, proceed according to the set time interval. The temperature of the cooled energy storage device is obtained again. Then, return to step S10.

[0072] S12, Implement the cooling circulation system shutdown procedure, record and bind the shutdown time. Record the complete running cycle (start time). - Closing Time It can be used for fault analysis and to prevent the cooling circulation system from repeatedly shutting down and starting up in a short period of time.

[0073] Steps S9-S12 use delay protection to prevent excessive temperature fluctuations, ensuring that the equipment operates within a safe temperature range, while also providing a complete operation log for maintenance.

[0074] S13, Obtain the temperature of the cooled energy storage device. .

[0075] S14, Determine the current temperature of the energy storage device being cooled. Is it greater than or equal to the maximum allowable temperature of the cooled energy storage device? If not, return to step S14; if yes, proceed to step S15.

[0076] S15, Get the current time and judge Is it greater than or equal to the set time? If yes, return to step S3; otherwise, return to step S13.

[0077] Steps S13-S15 continuously monitor the equipment temperature after the cooling circulation system is shut down. When the temperature is greater than or equal to the maximum allowable temperature of the cooled energy storage device, and the time interval between the current time and the shutdown of the cooling circulation system meets the requirements, the cooling circulation system is automatically restarted and returned to the initialization state, forming a closed-loop control cycle of "monitoring-response-adjustment-sleep".

[0078] In summary, this technical solution, through hardware architecture innovation and control logic optimization, constructs a cooling solution that combines high precision, high reliability, and high economy.

[0079] Example 2

[0080] This embodiment discloses a cooling device and an energy storage device cooling system. As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, based on embodiment 1, as follows... Figure 11 As shown, in step S8, a significant overheating threshold is known. Significant supercooling threshold The total number of heat exchange units in the cooling cycle system Adjusting the number of operating heat exchange units in the cooling cycle system includes:

[0081] when If this indicates that the currently cooled energy storage device is significantly overheated, it is necessary to determine whether the number of operating heat exchange units in the current cooling cycle system is [number missing]. If yes, then issue an alarm and return to step S7; if no, then perform the full start-up process of the heat exchange unit and return to step S7.

[0082] when This indicates that the currently cooled energy storage device is slightly overheated. Therefore, it is necessary to determine whether the number of operating heat exchange units in the current cooling cycle system is [number missing]. If yes, issue a pre-tightening and return to step S7; if no, implement the heat exchange unit start-up quantity gradual increase process and then return to step S7.

[0083] when If the temperature of the currently cooled energy storage device has not exceeded the safety boundary, then the cooling circulation system will maintain the current cooling state and return to step S7.

[0084] when If the current energy storage device is slightly overcooled, it is necessary to determine whether the number of operating heat exchange units in the current cooling cycle system is zero; if yes, proceed to step S9; if no, implement the heat exchange unit startup count reduction process and return to step S7.

[0085] when If the current energy storage device is significantly overcooled, it is necessary to determine whether the number of operating heat exchange units in the current cooling cycle system is zero; if yes, proceed to step S9; if no, after implementing the full shutdown process of the heat exchange units, return to step S7.

[0086] Furthermore, during the implementation of steps S4-S11, the electrical control system monitors the inlet and outlet hydraulic pressures of the cooling circulation system through inlet pressure detection devices and outlet pressure detection devices.

[0087] Furthermore, during the implementation of steps S4-S11, the electrical control system monitors the conductivity of the liquid medium through a conductivity detection device; when the conductivity of the liquid medium is found to be insufficient, the deionization system is activated to reduce the conductivity of the liquid medium; when the conductivity of the liquid medium is found to be sufficient, the deionization system is deactivated.

[0088] Example 3

[0089] This embodiment discloses a cooling device and a cooling system for an energy storage device. As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, it is based on embodiment 1 or 2, such as... Figure 7 As shown, in the cooling circulation system of its cooling device, both liquid temperature measuring device I5 and liquid temperature measuring device II72 include two liquid temperature probes. Thus, both liquid temperature measuring devices I5 and II72 employ a redundant design to achieve cross-validation and averaging of temperature data. The two liquid temperature probes simultaneously collect the liquid medium temperature at the same location, and the data is processed by the electrical control system: if the deviation between the two probe measurements is within the allowable range, the average value is taken as the current liquid temperature to improve data accuracy; if the deviation exceeds a threshold, the electrical control system automatically triggers fault diagnosis, indicating that a single probe may have failed, and switches to the data from the other probe or triggers an alarm to ensure uninterrupted temperature monitoring.

[0090] This design avoids measurement distortion caused by scaling, poor contact, or circuit failure of a single probe, providing more reliable basic data for heat exchange efficiency calculations (such as assessment of the inlet / outlet temperature difference of the cooling cycle system) and control logic (such as the start / stop threshold of the heat exchange unit).

[0091] Furthermore, the pressure detection device I includes a pressure sensor I3, which is connected to the liquid inlet pipe 1 via a pressure measuring valve I4. This sensor collects the inlet pressure of the cooling circulation system in real time, allowing monitoring of whether the initial power of the liquid circulation drive unit meets the flow requirements, and whether there is blockage (abnormal pressure increase) in the drain and degassing tank 6. The pressure measuring valve I4 can be closed without interrupting system operation, facilitating the calibration or replacement of the pressure sensor I3.

[0092] Furthermore, the outlet pressure detection device includes a pressure sensor II 54 and a pressure gauge 56. Pressure sensor II 54 is connected to the outlet pipeline 52 via pressure testing valve II 55, and pressure gauge 56 is connected to the outlet pipeline 52 via pressure testing valve III 57. Pressure sensor II 54 (connected to the electrical control system) and pressure gauge 56 (a field-visual instrument) are connected in parallel to the outlet pipeline 52 via independent pressure testing valves II 55 and III 57. Pressure sensor II 54 provides a real-time pressure signal to the electrical control system, which can be used to determine whether there is flow channel blockage (outlet pressure drop) or uneven flow distribution (abnormal difference from inlet pressure) in the heat exchange unit; pressure gauge 56 allows on-site maintenance personnel to directly observe and quickly troubleshoot pressure anomalies without relying on the electrical control system interface.

[0093] The installation of pressure testing valves II55 and III57 enables online maintenance capabilities. That is, when maintaining or replacing pressure sensor II54 / pressure gauge 56, it is only necessary to close the corresponding valve to avoid system shutdown or liquid medium leakage.

[0094] This embodiment, through sensor redundancy design and pressure measurement module optimization, further enhances the system's measurement reliability, maintenance convenience, and scenario adaptability based on the flexible adjustment and closed-loop control of Embodiment 1. It is especially suitable for industrial and new energy fields with high requirements for temperature / pressure monitoring accuracy and high maintenance difficulty, providing a more solid guarantee for the long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0095] Example 4

[0096] This embodiment discloses a cooling device and a cooling system for an energy storage device. As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, it is based on embodiments 1, 2, or 3, such as... Figure 7 As shown, in the cooling circulation system of the cooling device, the liquid inlet system is also connected to a system constant pressure device, and the system constant pressure device includes a constant pressure pipe and several expansion tanks; the constant pressure pipe is connected to the liquid inlet pipe, and the system constant pressure device includes a constant pressure pipe 10 and several expansion tanks 11.

[0097] The constant pressure pipe 10 is connected to the liquid inlet pipe 1, and the connection point is located between the sewage degassing tank 6 and the liquid circulation drive unit, forming an independent pressure buffer branch. This connection point is located at the suction end (low-pressure side) of the liquid circulation drive unit, ensuring that the buffer pressure in the expansion tank 11 directly acts on the liquid medium before the inlet of the liquid circulation drive unit, avoiding cavitation (liquid vaporization forming bubbles, damaging the pump equipment in the liquid circulation drive unit) caused by inlet pressure fluctuations.

[0098] Each expansion tank 11 is internally divided into a gas chamber (filled with an inert gas, such as nitrogen) and a liquid chamber by a rubber diaphragm / air bladder. The liquid chamber is connected to the constant pressure pipe 10 via valve switch I 12. When the liquid medium in the system expands due to temperature increase: the volume of the liquid medium increases, and the excess liquid medium flows into the liquid chamber of the expansion tank 11, compressing the gas in the gas chamber. The system pressure rises slightly and then stabilizes (the gas chamber provides elastic buffering). When the liquid medium contracts due to temperature decrease, the gas in the gas chamber expands and pushes the liquid medium back to the liquid inlet pipe 1, making up for the volume loss and preventing the formation of negative pressure (vacuum) in the pipe. The number of expansion tanks 11 can be dynamically activated or deactivated by valve switch I 12 to achieve graded volume compensation: in low load / low temperature scenarios, only 1-2 expansion tanks 11 can be activated to maintain the minimum buffer volume; in high load / high temperature scenarios, all expansion tanks 11 can be fully activated to maximize the volume compensation capacity and prevent system overpressure.

[0099] This embodiment, through the modular design of the system's constant pressure device, overcomes the core pain point of closed-loop systems—pressure fluctuation control—building upon the flexible heat exchange and precise measurement and control of Embodiments 1 and 2, achieving the following breakthroughs: At the physical level, pressure fluctuations are controlled within a safe range through the elastic volume compensation of 11 expansion tanks, adapting to harsh operating conditions; at the control level, it is linked with pump speed regulation and heat exchange unit start-stop logic to form multi-variable collaborative control of "flow rate-temperature-pressure"; at the engineering level, it supports online maintenance and redundant design, meeting industrial-grade reliability requirements and providing a "pressure safety barrier" for the long-term stable operation of the system.

[0100] Example 5

[0101] This embodiment discloses a cooling device and a cooling system for an energy storage device. As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, it is based on embodiments 1, 2, 3, or 4, such as... Figure 7 As shown, in the cooling circulation system of the cooling device, the liquid circulation drive unit has been modularly redundantly designed and functionally expanded. The core new components are the heating device 13 and the pump drive pipeline unit with multiple pumps connected in parallel, which, together with the degassing pipeline 20, achieve reliable liquid medium circulation under complex working conditions. Specifically, the liquid circulation drive unit includes the heating device 13 and the pump drive pipeline unit connected in series along the liquid medium flow direction based on the liquid inlet pipeline 1.

[0102] Heating device 13 is connected in series in the liquid inlet pipe 1 (located upstream of the pump drive pipe unit) to preheat the liquid medium during system startup or in low-temperature environments. Specifically: In low-temperature startup scenarios, when the liquid temperature measuring device Ⅰ5 detects that the inlet temperature of the cooling circulation system is lower than the freezing point or viscosity threshold of the medium, heating device 13 automatically starts to raise the liquid medium temperature to a suitable operating range, avoiding excessive pump load or pipe blockage due to excessively high liquid medium viscosity. In constant temperature control scenarios, for temperature-sensitive energy storage devices (such as lithium battery energy storage systems), heating device 13 can be linked with liquid pump device 17 to maintain a stable liquid medium temperature when cooling demand is low (such as when the equipment is in standby mode), preventing local overcooling that could lead to medium crystallization or decreased insulation performance.

[0103] The pump drive piping unit includes at least two parallel pump drive branches. In each pump drive branch, an inlet valve I16, a pump unit 17, a check valve I18, and an outlet valve I19 are connected in series along the direction of liquid medium flow. Thus, the pump drive piping unit has redundancy and flow regulation functions. Specifically:

[0104] Parallel operation mode: Under low load, only one pump drive branch can be turned on, and the liquid pump device 17 operates at a preset power (such as the initial power in Example 1) to meet the basic flow requirements. Under high load, multiple branches are turned on simultaneously (such as two branches in parallel), doubling the total flow (theoretical value, actual flow is affected by pipeline resistance). Combined with the adjustment of the number of heat exchange units (parallel matrix in Example 1), the cooling capacity is multiplied in stages.

[0105] Redundant standby mode: When a branch pump device 17 fails (such as bearing wear or motor overheating), the faulty pump device 17 is isolated by closing the liquid-side valve I16 and the liquid-outlet valve I19 of that branch, while the remaining branches continue to operate, ensuring that the cooling circulation system is not interrupted (e.g., in a 1-for-1-standby configuration, a failure of a single cooling circulation system does not affect the overall circulation).

[0106] The function of the check valve is to prevent the liquid medium from flowing back due to pressure difference when the pump stops, to avoid damage to the impeller of the pump unit 17 due to reverse rotation, and to maintain the stability of the static pressure in the pipeline.

[0107] The liquid pump unit 17 is connected to the sewage degassing tank 6 via the degassing pipeline 20, and valve switch II 21 is connected to the degassing pipeline 20. Pre-start venting: After the cooling circulation system is started for the first time or after a long period of shutdown, valve switch II 21 is opened, and the liquid pump unit 17 operates at low speed, venting the air in the pump body and suction pipeline into the sewage degassing tank 6 through the degassing pipeline 20 (the tank is designed with negative pressure or vacuum to assist venting), avoiding cavitation (bubbles burst in the high-pressure area of ​​the pump impeller, corroding the metal surface). In-operation air replenishment: When the inlet pressure of the liquid pump unit 17 is too low (such as at the liquid vaporization critical point), the degassing pipeline 20 automatically opens (which can be linked to the pressure sensor I 3 signal), replenishing a small amount of liquid medium or gas to balance the pressure and prevent flow fluctuations caused by local vacuum.

[0108] This embodiment, through an innovative design of 13+ heating devices with multiple pumps in parallel and degassing protection, builds upon the flexible heat exchange, precise measurement and control, and pressure stability of embodiments 1-3. It further overcomes three major technical challenges: low-temperature start-up, high-reliability circulation, and cavitation protection, forming a complete liquid circulation chain of "preheating-redundant pumping-gas management." This gives the system environmental adaptability, reliability levels, and optimized energy efficiency. This makes the solution particularly suitable for cooling high-end equipment with extremely high requirements for reliability, environmental adaptability, and energy efficiency, becoming an ideal solution for complex operating conditions.

[0109] Example 6

[0110] This embodiment discloses a cooling device and a cooling system for an energy storage device. As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, it is based on any one of the embodiments 1-5, such as... Figure 7 As shown, in the cooling circulation system of the cooling device, an exhaust system and a drain system are added to the liquid inlet system. To address the gas accumulation and liquid level maintenance needs in the closed circulation system, a modular node design is used to achieve precise gas management and convenient liquid medium handling.

[0111] The exhaust system includes several exhaust pipes 7 respectively arranged at each exhaust node in the liquid inlet system (such as the liquid outlet of the pump drive unit, the constant pressure pipe 10, the heater, and the sewage degassing tank 6, etc.), and exhaust valves 9 are connected to the exhaust pipes 7 through exhaust switches 8.

[0112] Based on this, a liquid guide interface 78 for draining and replenishing the cooling circulation system can be provided on the encapsulation housing 71, and the exhaust pipe 7 can be connected to the liquid guide interface 78.

[0113] This can solve the three major problems caused by gas accumulation:

[0114] 1) Air venting during startup: When the system is running for the first time or restarting after a shutdown, the liquid medium filling pipeline will carry air, especially in the pump drive pipeline unit, heater bends, and the top of the constant pressure pipe 10, where air cavitation is likely to form. By opening the exhaust switch 8 and exhaust valve 9, the flow rate of the liquid circulation drive unit is used to push the gas to the sewage degassing tank 6, and finally discharged through the exhaust valve 9.

[0115] 2) Gas replenishment / exhaust during operation: When pressure sensor I3 detects abnormal inlet pressure of pump drive pipeline unit (lower than the set value, possibly due to gas accumulation causing gas resistance), it automatically triggers the corresponding node exhaust valve 9 to open, discharge free gas, and restore the continuity of liquid medium.

[0116] 3) Local overheating on the heater surface may cause micro-vaporization of the liquid medium. The heater exhaust node should promptly discharge steam to prevent bubbles from entering the heat exchange unit and reducing heat exchange efficiency.

[0117] The drainage system includes several drainage pipes 14 respectively located at various drainage nodes in the liquid inlet system (such as in the connection passage between the liquid inlet system and the heat exchange system, on the wastewater degassing tank 6, and on the heater, etc.), and drainage control valves are connected to the drainage pipes 14. This achieves staged drainage.

[0118] Routine maintenance drainage: When replacing filter elements, overhauling pump drive units or heaters, close the upstream main valve and only open the corresponding node drainage control valve to drain the liquid medium in a local area (such as separately discharging impurities and sediment in the sewage degassing tank 6, or residual medium in the heater), to avoid emptying the entire system.

[0119] Emergency drainage in case of failure: When liquid media contamination (such as excessive conductivity and failure of the deionization system) or freezing risk is detected, quickly open the multi-way drainage valve 15 and use the external flushing equipment to replace the media to reduce downtime losses.

[0120] This embodiment, through the node-based design of the exhaust and drainage systems, builds upon the "flexible heat exchange adjustment + pressure stability + pump redundancy + low-temperature adaptation" of embodiments 1-4, addressing two major maintenance pain points of closed-loop systems: gas management, upgrading from passive degassing (sewage degassing tank 6) to a full-process control of "prevention-monitoring-active removal," overcoming problems such as cavitation, gas resistance, and decreased heat exchange efficiency; and liquid media management, upgrading from full system evacuation to "on-demand graded discharge," supporting online maintenance and rapid media replacement, significantly reducing operation and maintenance costs and downtime risks. This solution elevates the cooling circulation system from "functional design" to "lifecycle-friendly design," making it particularly suitable for high-maintenance-cost scenarios, achieving a dual breakthrough in reliability and economy through detailed optimization.

[0121] Example 7

[0122] This embodiment discloses a cooling device and a cooling system for an energy storage device. As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, it is based on any one of the embodiments 1-6, such as... Figure 7 As shown, in the cooling circulation system of the cooling device, the deionization system features a modular redundant design and refined filtration upgrade. Through multi-unit parallel operation, dynamic flow distribution, and integrated maintenance piping, highly reliable liquid medium insulation and purification are achieved. Specifically, the deionization system comprises several parallel-connected deionization units. The inlet of all deionization units is connected to the outlet of inlet pipe 1 via a main branch pipe II 22, which contains a main throttle valve 23. The outlet of all deionization units is connected to inlet pipe 1 via a manifold pipe II 26, with the connection point located between the wastewater degassing tank 6 and the liquid circulation drive unit. A filter unit is connected to manifold pipe II 26. This forms an independent branch circuit: "pump outlet diversion → deionization purification → pump inlet return".

[0123] Based on the above structure, the working principle of the deionization system is as follows: When the conductivity detection device 53 reports a decrease in the dielectric insulation, the electrical control system controls the main throttle valve 23 to open, allowing the liquid medium from the outlet of the liquid circulation drive unit (high-pressure zone) to flow into the deionization unit through the main diversion pipe II 22, ensuring that the deionization unit obtains a stable driving pressure (utilizing pump pressure difference, without additional power). The purified liquid medium flows back to the low-pressure zone before the pump inlet (between the sewage degassing tank 6 and the liquid circulation drive unit), mixes with the main circulation liquid medium, and then re-enters the liquid circulation drive unit, forming a parallel architecture of "main circulation + purification branch". This layout avoids the potential problem of "excessive series voltage drop", making the deionization system a low-power, highly compatible purification bypass that does not affect the main circulation flow and pressure.

[0124] Furthermore, in each of the individual deionization units, a branch throttle valve 24 and a resin tank 25 are connected in series along the direction of liquid medium flow; a drain pipe 14 is connected to the resin tank 25, and a drain valve 15 is connected to the exhaust pipe 7; an exhaust pipe 7 is connected between the drain valve 15 and the resin tank 25 through the drain pipe 14, and an exhaust valve 9 is connected to the exhaust pipe 7 through an exhaust switch 8.

[0125] Flow distribution and equalization: The main throttle valve 23 (branch main pipe II 22) controls the total flow of the deionization system, while the branch throttle valves 24 (for individual deionization units) ensure even flow distribution among the resin tanks 25, preventing resin overload due to differences in resistance of any branch. When the conductivity detection device 53 reports a decrease in dielectric insulation, the electrical control system automatically opens all branch throttle valves 24 of all deionization units to improve purification efficiency; under low-pollution conditions, only 1-2 units are opened to reduce pressure drop losses.

[0126] Redundant purification and online switching: Multiple deionization units are connected in parallel (e.g., 2 in use and 1 in standby). When a single resin tank 25 becomes saturated and fails (resin exchange capacity is exhausted), the corresponding branch throttle valve 24 is closed, and the remaining units continue to operate. At the same time, an alarm prompts to replace the resin.

[0127] Resin tank 25 drainage and venting design: Drain valve 15 is used to empty the liquid medium in the tank when replacing resin, and vent valve 9 is used to vent air in the tank during initial start-up or maintenance (to avoid flow reduction caused by air resistance). Venting pipe 7 and drain pipe 14 are designed to be co-linear, using the gravity of the liquid medium to assist venting and simplifying the pipeline layout.

[0128] Furthermore, the filtration unit includes a precision filter I 27, used to intercept particulate impurities (such as resin fragments and metal oxides) in the liquid medium, preventing clogging of the micropores in the resin tank 25. In the manifold II 26, an inlet valve II 28 and an outlet valve II 29 are respectively provided at the inlet and outlet ends of the precision filter I 27, supporting online filter replacement. The drain port of the precision filter I 27 is connected to a drain pipe 30, and a drain valve 31 is provided on the drain pipe 30. Thus, by closing the inlet valve II 28 and the outlet valve II 29, and opening the drain valve 31 to discharge the residual liquid medium, the filter element can be quickly replaced without affecting the main circulation.

[0129] This embodiment optimizes the architecture by connecting the deionization system in parallel across the liquid circulation drive unit, solving the pressure drop losses and maintenance challenges of traditional series designs. It achieves the core advantages of "differential pressure drive, redundant purification, and online maintenance," and deeply collaborates with the pressure control, pump redundancy, and gas-liquid management modules of the previous embodiment to construct a complete media management system from "impurity filtration → gas removal → ion purification → flow regulation." This solution is particularly suitable for high-voltage electrical cooling scenarios with extremely high requirements for insulation performance, reliability, and ease of maintenance, representing a key technological breakthrough in the thermal management of high-power-density equipment and propelling closed-loop liquid cooling systems towards "high efficiency, intelligence, and maintenance-free operation."

[0130] Example 8

[0131] This embodiment discloses a cooling device and a cooling system for an energy storage device. As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, it is based on any of the embodiments 1-7, such as... Figure 8 As shown, in the cooling circulation system of the cooling device, an active refrigeration cycle module is introduced into the heat exchange unit to form a dual-loop coupled system of "refrigerant circulation + refrigerant circulation". Specifically, the heat exchange unit includes an evaporator 40, an expansion valve 50, and a refrigeration circulation pipeline 41.

[0132] On the refrigeration side of the evaporator 40, from the refrigerant outlet to the refrigerant inlet, a first needle valve 42, a low-pressure side pressure sensor 43, a compressor 44, a fan pressure controller 45, a condenser 46, a second needle valve 47, a dryer filter II 48, and a solenoid valve I 49 are connected in series via the refrigeration cycle piping. The inlet of the expansion valve 50 is connected to the outlet of the solenoid valve I 49, and the outlet of the expansion valve 50 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator 40. The temperature sensing bulb of the expansion valve 50 is connected to a temperature sensing bulb installed at the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator 40 via a capillary tube. The balance pipe of the expansion valve 50 is connected between the evaporator 40 and the compressor 44 via the refrigeration cycle piping. The refrigerant is pressurized into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas by the compressor 44. Driven to the condenser 46 by the fan pressure controller 45 (which adjusts the fan speed of the condenser 46), it releases heat to the external environment and condenses into a high-pressure liquid medium. After passing through the dryer filter II 48 (to remove moisture and impurities) and the second needle valve 47 (for pre-throttling), it enters the expansion valve 50 via the solenoid valve I 49. The expansion valve 50 dynamically adjusts its opening to reduce pressure based on the superheat signal detected by the temperature sensor (installed at the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator 40), allowing the refrigerant to evaporate and absorb heat in the evaporator 40 to cool the secondary refrigerant. The evaporated low-pressure refrigerant gas returns to the compressor 44 via the first needle valve 42 (which adjusts the return gas volume) and the low-pressure side pressure sensor 43, forming a complete reverse Carnot cycle.

[0133] On the cooling side of the evaporator 40, the liquid medium inlet is connected to the main branch pipe I 36 via a flow switch 38, and the liquid medium outlet is connected to the main manifold pipe I 37 via a valve switch III 39. The high-temperature refrigerant (liquid medium) in the main branch pipe I 36 enters the cooling side of the evaporator 40 via the flow switch 38, is cooled by the refrigerant, and becomes a low-temperature refrigerant (liquid medium). It then flows into the main manifold pipe I 37 (heat exchange system outlet) via the valve switch III 39, returning to the liquid outlet system. During this process, the flow switch 38 monitors the refrigerant flow rate of a single heat exchange unit (preventing the evaporator 40 from dry burning), and the valve switch III 39 controls the on / off state of that unit.

[0134] Furthermore, an antifreeze temperature probe 51 is installed in the evaporator 40. Thus, the temperature sensing bulb of the expansion valve 50 monitors the refrigerant temperature at the outlet of the evaporator 40 in real time, transmitting the signal to the diaphragm of the expansion valve 50 via a capillary tube. When the superheat (actual temperature - evaporation temperature) exceeds the set value, the valve automatically opens wider to increase the refrigerant flow; conversely, the valve closes less to prevent frost formation on the evaporator 40. The antifreeze temperature probe 51 is also linked: It detects the refrigerant temperature inside the evaporator 40. When the temperature falls below the freezing point (e.g., 0°C, set according to the medium type), the following protections are automatically triggered: ① The solenoid valve I 49 is closed to cut off the refrigerant supply; ② The heating device 13 (Example 4) is started to preheat the refrigerant; ③ The expansion valve 50 is adjusted to its minimum opening to prevent the evaporator 40 from freezing and damaging the heat exchange tubes. In summary, the antifreeze temperature probe 51 and the expansion valve 50 form a hardware-level protection system, effectively preventing the evaporator 40 from freezing and cracking.

[0135] This embodiment, by reverting to the original parallel architecture of the heat exchange system, clarifies the direct connection between the refrigeration heat exchange unit and the main branch pipe I36 and the main branch pipe I37, eliminating piping confusion and control redundancy. This allows the "active cooling module" to deeply integrate with the core advantages of the previous embodiment, such as flexible adjustment, redundant design, and media management, forming a simpler and more reliable dual-loop (refrigeration loop and cooling load loop) cooling solution. This modification enhances the system's architectural uniformity, fault isolation capability, and scenario adaptability, making it particularly suitable for complex scenarios requiring combined "active cooling + passive heat dissipation" temperature control (such as multi-heat source equipment and wide-temperature-range operating environments), providing a better engineering implementation path for the thermal management of high-power-density equipment.

[0136] Example 9

[0137] This embodiment discloses a cooling device and a cooling system for an energy storage device. As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, it is based on any of the embodiments 1-8, such as... Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, in the cooling circulation system of the cooling device, a bypass pipe 32 is added to the heat exchange system to construct a dual-path flow channel consisting of a "main passage for the heat exchange unit" and a "bypass auxiliary passage". Specifically, one end of the bypass pipe 32 is connected to the connection passage between the liquid inlet system and the heat exchange system, and the other end of the bypass pipe 32 is connected to the connection passage between the heat exchange system and the liquid outlet system. A bypass throttling valve 33 is connected in the bypass pipe 32.

[0138] Thus, under non-heat exchange conditions (bypass mode): when the cooled energy storage device is in a shutdown, standby, or low-heat state (temperature below a set threshold, such as the "minimum allowable temperature of the cooled energy storage device" in Example 1), the electrical control system automatically closes the valve groups of all heat exchange units, while fully opening the bypass throttle valve 33. At this time, the liquid medium flows directly from the inlet system through the bypass pipe 32, bypassing the heat exchange units, into the outlet system, forming a direct current path of "inlet system → bypass pipe 32 → outlet system".

[0139] Under heat exchange conditions (main pathway mode): when the equipment temperature exceeds the start-up threshold (such as the "maximum allowable temperature of the cooled energy storage device" in Example 1), the bypass throttle valve 33 gradually closes, and the heat exchange unit valve group opens sequentially according to load requirements (such as the graded adjustment logic in Example 1). The liquid medium is distributed to each heat exchange unit through the diversion main pipe I 36 for heat exchange and then flows into the confluence main pipe I 37 to restore normal cooling cycle.

[0140] This embodiment, through the innovative design of the bypass pipe 32, fills the energy efficiency and protection gaps of the previous embodiment under "zero / low load conditions," achieving the following three core values:

[0141] Intelligent flow path: Upgraded from "must pass through heat exchange unit" to "select path on demand", matching the real-time load of equipment, improving both energy consumption and reliability.

[0142] Refined control: The interlocking of the bypass throttle valve 33 with the valve group and the dynamic flow matching enable the system to switch smoothly between "run-standby-maintenance" modes and adapt to complex working conditions.

[0143] Architecture integrity: As a "flexible bypass" of the heat exchange system, it forms a closed loop with the parallel unit matrix, constant pressure device, pump redundancy, etc., to build a full-condition solution from "minimum flow protection" to "full load cooling".

[0144] This solution is particularly suitable for scenarios with "large load fluctuations, intermittent operation, and sensitivity to energy consumption." Through detailed optimization, it promotes the advancement of the cooling circulation system towards "intelligent, efficient, and self-adaptive" operation, becoming a key common technology for thermal management of industrial and high-end equipment.

[0145] Example 10

[0146] This embodiment discloses a cooling device and a cooling system for an energy storage device. As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, based on embodiment 9, as follows... Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown in the figure, an air-cooling system is added to the cooling circulation system of the cooling device, constructing a composite low-load heat dissipation scheme of "bypass heat dissipation + air cooling". Specifically, the air-cooling system includes a fan unit and a liquid-air heat exchange unit 34.

[0147] The liquid pipe in the liquid-air heat exchange unit 34 (such as a finned tube heat exchanger) is connected to the bypass pipe 32, and the connection point is located downstream of the bypass throttle valve 33, according to the direction of liquid medium flow. When the system enters bypass mode (heat exchange unit is fully closed, bypass throttle valve 33 is open), the high-temperature refrigerant flows through the liquid pipe of the liquid-air heat exchange unit 34 and exchanges heat with the outside air.

[0148] A fan unit is positioned on one side of the liquid-air heat exchange unit 34 to accelerate airflow around it. Specifically, the fan unit (axial fan 35 or centrifugal fan) forces airflow through the fins of the liquid-air heat exchange unit 34, dissipating heat from the liquid medium into the environment. The cooled liquid medium then flows into the outlet system. If the ambient temperature is low, the fan can be turned off, utilizing natural convection cooling (energy-saving mode), achieving a dual-mode switching of "forced air cooling + natural cooling".

[0149] Therefore, a ventilation window 79 can be provided on the enclosure 71 to ensure sufficient air circulation.

[0150] Therefore, the working condition linkage logic of this technical solution is as follows:

[0151] Low load / standby conditions (equipment temperature < minimum allowable temperature): ① Close all heat exchange unit valves, fully open bypass throttle valve 33, and allow the liquid medium to flow through bypass pipe 32; ② Start the fan unit to reduce the refrigerant temperature through liquid-air heat exchange unit 34 to prevent temperature accumulation caused by long-term circulation of the liquid medium.

[0152] Under normal load conditions (equipment temperature ≥ start-up threshold): the bypass throttle valve 33 is closed, the liquid medium flows through the heat exchange unit, the air-cooled system stops running, and the fan unit is kept running to avoid energy consumption.

[0153] This embodiment, through the innovative integration of the air-cooling system and the bypass pipe 32, adds "environmentally friendly heat dissipation" capability on the basis of "low-load flow guidance" in embodiment 8. This makes the solution particularly suitable for scenarios with "frequent load fluctuations, energy consumption sensitivity, and inconvenient maintenance", such as distributed energy equipment and edge computing nodes. Through modular design, it achieves "small changes, big improvements" and promotes the development of cooling circulation systems towards "low carbon, reliable, and universal".

[0154] Example 11

[0155] This embodiment discloses a cooling device and a cooling system for an energy storage device. As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, it is based on any of the embodiments 1-10, such as... Figure 6 and Figure 10As shown, a replenishment system is added to the cooling circulation system of the cooling device to address the liquid medium loss problem in the main circulation system (including the liquid inlet system, heat exchange system, and liquid outlet system). The replenishment system includes a liquid storage tank 58 and a replenishment pipeline 62.

[0156] The liquid storage tank 58 is equipped with a filling port 59, a level gauge 60 (for continuous monitoring), a level switch 61 (threshold triggered), and a vent pipe. A vent valve 9 is connected to the vent pipe 7 via a vent switch 8. The level gauge 60 can monitor the liquid level in the storage tank 58 in real time. The level switch 61 is set with a single low-level alarm threshold. When the level detected by the level gauge 60 falls below this threshold, an alarm is triggered, prompting manual replenishment of the liquid storage tank 58 through the filling port 59. During the replenishment process, the liquid level can be monitored in real time through the level gauge 60.

[0157] In the replenishment pipeline 62, a liquid pump 63, a filter Ⅲ 64, a solenoid valve Ⅱ 65, and a check valve Ⅱ 66 are connected in series along the direction of liquid medium flow. The inlet end of the liquid pump 63 is provided with a replenishment / drainage port 68 via a valve switch Ⅳ 67; the storage tank 58 is connected to the replenishment pipeline 62 via a valve switch Ⅳ 67, and the connection point is located between the liquid pump 63 and the replenishment / drainage port 68. The outlet end of the check valve Ⅱ 66 is provided with two replenishment branch pipes 69; one replenishment branch pipe 69 is connected to the inlet pipeline 1, and the connection point is located between the sewage degassing tank 6 and the liquid circulation drive unit; the other replenishment branch pipe 69 is connected to the connection passage between the heat exchange system and the liquid outlet system, and a solenoid valve Ⅲ 70 is connected in this replenishment branch pipe 69.

[0158] Based on the above structure, the working principle of this technical solution is as follows:

[0159] Routine liquid level monitoring. The liquid level gauge 60 provides real-time feedback on the liquid level in the storage tank 58. When the liquid level drops to a set threshold, the liquid level switch 61 activates: ① The alarm light on the local control cabinet flashes and the buzzer sounds; ② The remote monitoring platform pushes a notification that "storage tank 58 needs replenishment" (including real-time liquid level data). Maintenance personnel manually replenish the liquid medium (which must be consistent with the liquid medium in the main circulation system) through the liquid filling port 59 on the top of the storage tank 58. When adding liquid, open the exhaust valve 9 on the exhaust pipe to balance the air pressure and prevent overflow.

[0160] Automatic replenishment to the main circulation. The conditions for replenishing the liquid medium in the storage tank 58 into the main circulation via the pump 63 are: ① abnormal pressure in the main circulation system; ② the level gauge 60 of the storage tank 58 detects a value that meets the set requirements (to prevent the pump 63 from running dry). At this time, the pump 63 starts, and the liquid medium is replenished to the main circulation through filter Ⅲ 64, solenoid valve Ⅱ 65, check valve Ⅱ 66, and single / double replenishment branch pipes 69 (depending on the degree of liquid shortage), without manual intervention. Normal replenishment (single-path low-pressure zone replenishment): Solenoid valve Ⅱ 65 is opened, solenoid valve Ⅲ 70 is closed, and the liquid medium is injected into the low-pressure zone of the inlet pipe 1 (between the drain degassing tank 6 and the liquid circulation drive unit). The liquid medium is evenly mixed using the suction effect of the liquid circulation drive unit, suitable for slow leaks or volume shrinkage caused by temperature changes. Emergency fluid replenishment (simultaneous replenishment of high and low pressure zones): When the pressure of the main circulation system drops suddenly and there is sufficient emergency liquid medium in the liquid storage tank 58, the solenoid valve Ⅲ70 opens, and the liquid medium is injected into the high pressure zone (the connection between the heat exchange system and the liquid outlet system) at the same time, quickly restoring the system pressure.

[0161] In addition, the replenishment / drainage port 68 has the following replenishment conditions:

[0162] Initial system filling: After the first start-up or overhaul of the cooling circulation system, liquid medium needs to be filled into the cooling circulation system through the replenishment / drainage port 68 to ensure the normal operation of the cooling circulation system.

[0163] Assisted replenishment for minor liquid shortage in the main circulation system: When the main circulation system is short of liquid medium due to minor leakage, evaporation, or other reasons, if the storage tank 58 itself is not full, a temporary replenishment device can be connected to the replenishment pipeline 62 through the replenishment / drainage port 68 to replenish the liquid medium directly. The liquid medium is then transported to the main circulation system via the pump 63 (at this time, valve switch IV 67 is open, and the storage tank 58 may participate in replenishment simultaneously).

[0164] In addition, when the encapsulation housing 71 is provided with a liquid guiding interface 78, the liquid replenishment / drainage port 68 can be connected to the liquid guiding interface 78.

[0165] The drainage conditions at replenishment / drainage port 68 are as follows:

[0166] System maintenance and repair: During regular maintenance, the liquid medium in the storage tank 58 needs to be drained, valve switch IV 67 should be opened, and the liquid medium should be discharged into the recovery device through the replenishment / drainage port 68.

[0167] Liquid medium replacement: When the cooling medium is aged, deteriorated, or needs to be replaced with a different type of liquid medium, the medium in the old storage tank 58 is drained through the drain port so that the new medium can be injected.

[0168] This embodiment decouples "liquid tank 58 replenishment" from "main circulation replenishment" by clearly defining the hierarchical mechanism of liquid level monitoring and replenishment. This not only retains the system's ability to automatically maintain the balance of the main circulation liquid medium, but also avoids maintenance errors through clear human-machine interaction, making the replenishment system more in line with actual engineering needs.

[0169] Example 12

[0170] This embodiment discloses a cooling device and a cooling system for an energy storage device. As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, it is based on any of the embodiments 1-11, such as... Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, in the cooling circulation system of the cooling device, liquid shut-off valves 2 are respectively installed at the inlet of the liquid inlet pipe 1 and at the inlet and outlet of the liquid outlet pipe 52, thus constructing a "system-level isolation-segmented maintenance" mechanism.

[0171] The liquid shut-off valve 2, located at the inlet of the liquid inlet pipeline 1, is used to isolate the external liquid medium supply. When the liquid inlet system needs to be repaired (such as replacing the sewage degassing tank 6 or the liquid circulation drive unit), the liquid shut-off valve 2 is closed to cut off the liquid medium input. At the same time, the residual liquid medium in the liquid inlet pipeline 1 is drained in conjunction with the drainage system to prevent liquid medium leakage during maintenance.

[0172] The liquid shut-off valve 2 located at the inlet of the outlet pipe 52 is used to isolate the heat exchange system from the outlet system. When overhauling the heat exchange unit, close the liquid shut-off valve 2 here and the liquid shut-off valve 2 at the inlet of the inlet pipe 1 to independently isolate the heat exchange system.

[0173] The liquid shut-off valve 2 located at the outlet of the liquid outlet line 52 is used to isolate the external load (the energy storage device being cooled). When the energy storage device being cooled needs separate maintenance, close the liquid shut-off valve 2 here and the liquid shut-off valve 2 at the inlet of the liquid inlet line 1 to disconnect the cooling circulation system from the energy storage device being cooled, and prevent the medium from flowing back or air from entering the cooling circulation system at the end of the energy storage device being cooled.

[0174] This embodiment constructs a "safety isolation zone" for the cooling circulation system by setting up a shut-off valve at a key node, achieving a technological upgrade from "extensive downtime maintenance" to "precise segmented maintenance." This solution is particularly suitable for high-end equipment that is sensitive to downtime losses (such as industrial production lines where losses exceed 100,000 yuan per minute) and requires harsh maintenance environments (such as high-pressure, flammable, and explosive scenarios). Through detailed innovation, it solidifies the final cornerstone of system engineering, propelling the cooling circulation system from "functional design" to "lifecycle-friendly design."

[0175] Example 13

[0176] This embodiment discloses a cooling device and a cooling system for an energy storage device. As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, it is based on any of the embodiments 1-12, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the cooling device's encapsulation shell 71 is equipped with a lifting structure 81, which supports forklift and crane handling and is suitable for rapid deployment in industrial sites.

[0177] Example 14

[0178] This embodiment discloses a cooling device and a cooling system for an energy storage device. As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, it is based on any of the embodiments 1-13, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the heat dissipation pipeline unit 77 of the energy storage device cooling system has been structurally optimized. Its core is to achieve uniform heat dissipation and reliable gas-liquid management of the cooled energy storage device (such as battery pack 89, power module, etc.) through the hierarchical liquid distribution / collection pipeline layout and high-level exhaust design.

[0179] The heat dissipation piping unit 77 of the energy storage equipment cooling system adopts a tree-like hierarchical piping network structure, specifically including an inlet main pipe 82 and an outlet main pipe 83, with the outlet main pipe 83 located above the inlet main pipe 82. The inlet main pipe 82 is connected at intervals to several primary distribution branch pipes 84, and each primary distribution branch pipe 84 is connected at intervals to several secondary distribution branch pipes 86. The outlet main pipe 83 is connected at intervals to several primary collection branch pipes 85, each corresponding to one of the primary distribution branch pipes 84, and each primary collection straight pipe is connected at intervals to several secondary collection branch pipes 87, each corresponding to one of the secondary distribution branch pipes 86. Furthermore, an exhaust valve 9 is installed in the outlet main pipe 83.

[0180] The main inlet pipe 82 (low-lying arrangement) serves as the main input trunk for the liquid medium, and is laid out along the layout of the energy storage device being cooled (e.g., parallel to the arrangement direction of the battery pack 89). Several primary distribution branches 84 are connected to the main inlet pipe 82 at intervals, and each primary distribution branch 84 further branches into several secondary distribution branches 86. This design, through step-by-step flow distribution, evenly distributes the cryogenic liquid medium output from the cooling device to each cooled unit (e.g., a single battery module), avoiding uneven flow caused by differences in pipe resistance.

[0181] The main outlet pipe 83 (elevated, located above the main inlet pipe 82) serves as the main outlet for the liquid medium. It connects to the branch pipes of the inlet pipe 1 via primary and secondary manifolds 85 and 87, forming a closed loop of "input-heat exchange-output". The elevated arrangement utilizes the characteristic that the density of the liquid medium decreases upon heating, aiding in natural convection and reducing the energy consumption of the pump-driven unit. Simultaneously, the elevated piping facilitates gas accumulation at the highest point of the system, creating conditions for the effective operation of the exhaust valve 9.

[0182] An exhaust valve 9 is installed at the highest point of the main outlet pipe 83. Its core functions include: venting during startup: When the system is first filled with liquid or restarted after a shutdown, the air trapped in the liquid medium during the filling process will naturally rise to the top of the main outlet pipe 83. Opening the exhaust valve 9 allows for rapid discharge of the accumulated air, preventing cavitation and blockage of the flow channel or a decrease in heat exchange efficiency. Air replenishment during operation: When the liquid medium generates free gas due to temperature changes or local vaporization, the exhaust valve 9 automatically (or in conjunction with a pressure / temperature sensor signal) opens to discharge excess gas, maintaining the continuity of the liquid medium in the pipeline and preventing cavitation (pump impeller damage) and abnormal increases in flow resistance. Convenience of maintenance: During maintenance, residual gas in the pipeline can be released through the exhaust valve 9, allowing for safe and rapid media evacuation in conjunction with the drainage system, reducing maintenance difficulty.

[0183] In addition, to facilitate the flow control of the liquid medium, each primary liquid distribution branch 84 and primary liquid collection branch 85 is equipped with a shut-off valve 88.

[0184] This embodiment constructs a heat dissipation pipeline unit 77 with "uniform heat dissipation, efficient gas-liquid management, and flexible expansion" through a hierarchical liquid distribution-collection pipeline and high-level exhaust design. It forms a technical closed loop with the flexible adjustment and redundant control functions of the cooling device, providing a cooling solution for high power density energy storage equipment that combines reliability and engineering practicality.

Claims

1. A cooling device, characterized in that: It includes a packaging shell (71) and a cooling circulation system; the cooling circulation system is arranged inside the packaging shell (71) and includes a liquid inlet system, a heat exchange system and a liquid outlet system. The heat exchange system includes several heat exchange units connected in parallel based on the main branch I (36) and the main branch I (37); the packaging shell (71) is provided with a control box (73), a power distribution box (74), a liquid supply interface (75) and a liquid return interface (76). The electrical control system in the control box (73) is electrically connected to the cooling circulation system and is used to control the operation of the cooling circulation system; the power distribution system in the distribution box (74) is electrically connected to both the electrical control system and the cooling circulation system and is used to provide power to both the electrical control system and the cooling circulation system. The return interface (76) is connected to the main diversion pipe I (36) through the inlet pipe (1) of the inlet system; in the inlet pipe (1), a pressure detection device, a liquid temperature measuring device I (5), a sewage degassing tank (6) and a liquid circulation drive unit are connected in sequence along the internal liquid medium flow direction; the two ends of the liquid circulation drive unit are connected in parallel to the deionization system. The main manifold I (37) is connected to the liquid supply interface (75) through the liquid outlet pipe (52) of the liquid outlet system; in the liquid outlet pipe (52), the conductivity detection device (53), the liquid temperature measurement device II (72) and the outlet pressure detection device are connected in sequence along the internal liquid medium flow direction.

2. The cooling device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The deionization system includes several deionization units connected in parallel; the inlet end of all deionization units is connected to the outlet end of the inlet pipeline (1) through the diversion main pipe II (22), and the diversion main pipe II (22) is connected to the main throttle valve (23); the outlet end of all deionization units is connected to the inlet pipeline (1) through the manifold main pipe II (26), and the connection point is located between the sewage degassing tank (6) and the liquid circulation drive unit, and the manifold main pipe II (26) is connected to the filter unit.

3. The cooling device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid circulation drive unit includes a heating device (13) and a pump drive pipeline unit connected in series along the internal liquid medium flow direction in the liquid inlet pipeline (1). The pump drive pipeline unit includes at least two parallel pump drive branches. In each single pump drive branch, a liquid inlet valve I (16), a liquid pump device (17), a check valve I (18), and a liquid outlet valve I (19) are connected in series along the liquid medium flow direction. The liquid pump device (17) is connected to the sewage degassing tank (6) based on the degassing pipeline (20), and a valve switch II (21) is connected in the degassing pipeline (20).

4. The cooling device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid inlet system is also connected to a system constant pressure device, which includes a constant pressure pipe (10) and several expansion tanks (11); the constant pressure pipe (10) is connected to the liquid inlet pipeline (1), and the connection point is located between the sewage degassing tank (6) and the liquid circulation drive unit; all expansion tanks (11) are connected to the constant pressure pipe (10) through corresponding valve switches I (12).

5. The cooling device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid inlet system is also equipped with an exhaust system and a liquid draining system; the exhaust system includes several exhaust pipes (7) respectively arranged at each exhaust node in the liquid inlet system, and an exhaust valve (9) is connected to the exhaust pipe (7) through an exhaust switch (8); the liquid draining system includes several liquid drain pipes (14) respectively arranged at each liquid draining node in the liquid inlet system, and a liquid draining control valve is connected to the liquid drain pipe (14).

6. The cooling device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange unit includes an evaporator (40), an expansion valve (50), and a refrigeration circulation pipeline (41). On the cooling side of the evaporator (40), the liquid medium inlet is connected to the main branch pipe I (36) via a flow switch (38), and the liquid medium outlet is connected to the main branch pipe I (37) via a valve switch III (39). On the refrigeration side of the evaporator (40), from the refrigerant outlet end to the refrigerant inlet end, a first needle valve (42), a low-pressure side pressure sensor (43), a compressor (44), a fan pressure controller (45), a condenser (46), a second needle valve (47), a dryer filter II (48), and a solenoid valve I (49) are connected in series based on the refrigeration cycle pipe. The inlet port of the expansion valve (50) is connected to the outlet port of the solenoid valve I (49), the outlet port of the expansion valve (50) is connected to the refrigerant inlet port of the evaporator (40), the temperature sensing bulb port of the expansion valve (50) is connected to the temperature sensing bulb installed at the refrigerant outlet port of the evaporator (40) through a capillary tube, and the balance pipe port of the expansion valve (50) is connected between the evaporator (40) and the compressor (44) based on the refrigeration cycle pipe.

7. The cooling device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange system also includes a bypass pipe (32), one end of which is connected to the connection passage between the liquid inlet system and the heat exchange system, and the other end of which is connected to the connection passage between the heat exchange system and the liquid outlet system. A bypass throttle valve (33) is connected in the bypass pipe (32).

8. The cooling device as described in claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes an air-cooled system, which includes a fan unit and a liquid-air heat exchange unit (34); the liquid pipe in the liquid-air heat exchange unit (34) is connected to the bypass pipe (32), and the connection point is located behind the bypass throttle valve (33) according to the direction of liquid flow; the fan unit is arranged on one side of the liquid-air heat exchange unit (34) to accelerate the air flow around the liquid-air heat exchange unit (34).

9. The cooling device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a liquid replenishment system, which includes a liquid storage tank (58) and a liquid replenishment pipeline (62); in the liquid replenishment pipeline (62), a liquid pump (63), a filter III (64), a solenoid valve II (65) and a check valve II (66) are connected in series along the direction of liquid flow. The inlet of the pump (63) is provided with a replenishment / drainage port (68) via valve switch IV (67); the storage tank (58) is connected to the replenishment pipeline (62) via valve switch IV (67), and the connection point is located between the pump (63) and the replenishment / drainage port (68); The outlet end of check valve II (66) is provided with two replenishment branches (69); one replenishment branch (69) is connected to the inlet pipeline (1), and the connection point is located between the sewage degassing tank (6) and the liquid circulation drive unit; the other replenishment branch (69) is connected to the connection passage between the heat exchange system and the liquid outlet system, and a solenoid valve III (70) is connected in the replenishment branch (69).

10. The cooling device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The encapsulation shell (71) is provided with a lifting structure (81).

11. A cooling system for an energy storage device, characterized in that: It includes a heat dissipation piping unit (77) and a cooling device as described in any one of claims 1-10; the heat dissipation piping unit (77) is arranged according to the structure of the energy storage device being cooled, the input end of the heat dissipation piping unit (77) is detachably and sealedly connected to the liquid supply interface (75) of the cooling device, and the output end of the heat dissipation piping unit (77) is detachably and sealedly connected to the liquid return interface (76) of the cooling device.

12. The energy storage device cooling system as described in claim 11, characterized in that: The heat dissipation piping unit (77) includes an inlet main pipe (82) and an outlet main pipe (83), with the outlet main pipe (83) located above the inlet main pipe (82). The inlet main pipe (82) is connected to several primary liquid distribution branches (84) at intervals, and each primary liquid distribution branch (84) is connected to several secondary liquid distribution branches (86) at intervals. The outlet main pipe (83) is connected to several primary liquid collection branches (85) that correspond one-to-one with the primary liquid distribution branches (84), and each primary liquid collection straight pipe is connected to several secondary liquid collection branches (87) that correspond one-to-one with the secondary liquid distribution branches (86).

13. The energy storage device cooling system as described in claim 12, characterized in that: An exhaust valve (9) is provided in the main liquid outlet pipeline (83).

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