High-density electrical method grounding electrode device suitable for hard slope surface
By using a mixture of graphite powder, cement powder, and water to form a semi-solid conductive medium in a high-density electrical grounding electrode device, the problem of poor grounding of traditional electrodes on hard sloping surfaces is solved, and smooth current conduction is achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CENT SOUTHERN CHINA ELECTRIC POWER DESIGN INST CHINA POWER ENG CONSULTING GROUP CORP
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-08
AI Technical Summary
Traditional high-density electrical resistivity electrodes cannot be effectively applied to the hard, sloping surface of reservoir dams, as they cannot form good coupling with the ground, resulting in the inability to conduct current.
A high-density electrical grounding electrode device was designed, comprising an outer shell, an independent compartment, a hybrid compartment, and a conductive base plate. By adding graphite powder, cement powder, and water into the compartment, a semi-solid conductive medium is formed for contact with the hard slope surface, ensuring good contact between the electrode and the ground.
This invention achieves good contact between the electrode and the ground on a hard slope surface, reduces grounding resistance, and allows current to be supplied smoothly into the ground, thus solving the problem of applying traditional electrodes on hard dam slope surfaces.
Smart Images
Figure CN224217713U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of geophysical exploration equipment, and more specifically, it relates to a high-density electrical grounding electrode device suitable for hard slope surfaces. Background Technology
[0002] As crucial water conservancy infrastructure, the safe operation of reservoirs and dams directly impacts the lives, property, and ecological safety of people downstream. Leakage is a common hidden danger in dams; if not detected and addressed promptly, it can lead to serious consequences such as dam erosion, piping, and even dam failure. Therefore, rapid and accurate detection of dam leakage paths is essential for ensuring dam safety.
[0003] High-density electrical resistivity tomography (EDT) is a highly efficient and non-destructive geophysical exploration technique that effectively identifies potential hazards such as seepage zones, water-bearing fissures, and weak interlayers by measuring changes in the resistivity of the medium. Compared to traditional drilling methods, it offers advantages such as faster detection speed, wider coverage, and higher data resolution. It is particularly suitable for the early identification and location of potential seepage hazards in reservoirs and dams, providing a scientific basis for dam safety assessments and reinforcement.
[0004] High-density electrical resistivity tomography (EPT) typically involves driving a series of copper rods into the soil to establish good contact with the ground, and then measuring the voltage and current supplied underground. However, the surface of reservoir dam slopes is often a hardened concrete layer, which traditional copper rod electrodes cannot handle: firstly, the copper rods cannot be inserted into the hardened medium, thus failing to form a good coupling with the ground and preventing current conduction; secondly, even if a conductive liquid or other liquid is used as an intermediate medium, it will quickly run off on the sloping dam slope surface. Therefore, traditional high-density EPT electrodes cannot be directly applied to the hard, sloping surface of reservoir dams. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-density electrical grounding electrode device suitable for hard slope surfaces. This electrode device can be placed on inclined concrete or rock surfaces and make full contact between the copper electrode and the earth, reducing the grounding resistance and allowing the current to be supplied smoothly into the ground, thereby solving the technical problem that traditional high-density electrical methods cannot be applied to inclined hard dam slope surfaces.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a high-density electrical grounding electrode device suitable for hard sloping surfaces, comprising:
[0007] The outer casing has a top cover on its upper part, and the top cover has three filling holes and one electrode socket;
[0008] Three independent compartments are located inside the outer shell, and the three filling ports are respectively connected to the three independent compartments; each independent compartment is equipped with a valve at the bottom;
[0009] A hybrid compartment is located inside the outer shell; the hybrid compartment is located below the three independent compartments, and the hybrid compartment is connected to the three independent compartments through the three valves.
[0010] A conductive base plate, detachably connected to the bottom of the outer shell, and the conductive base plate being the base plate of the hybrid compartment; and,
[0011] The electrode has its upper end extending out of the electrode socket for connection to a cable commonly used in high-density electrochemical methods; its lower end contacts the conductive base plate.
[0012] Furthermore, each of the independent compartments is provided with a discharge port at its bottom, and each of the valves includes:
[0013] A fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the underside of the floor plate of the independent compartment;
[0014] A rotating cover plate, one end of which is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft, is capable of covering the area directly below the discharge port, and its upper side abuts against the bottom plate of the independent compartment; and,
[0015] A rotating rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the rotating cover plate;
[0016] The outer shell is provided with three through slots that communicate with the mixing chamber, and the other end of each of the rotating rods passes through the through slots and extends out of the outer shell.
[0017] Furthermore, the discharge port is a plurality of discharge holes provided on the bottom plate of the independent compartment; and / or a sealing gasket is provided at the contact point between the rotating cover and the bottom plate of the independent compartment.
[0018] Furthermore, the bottom inner side of the outer casing is provided with a side protrusion, and the side of the conductive base plate is provided with a side groove that engages with the side protrusion.
[0019] Furthermore, the conductive base plate has multiple bottom protrusions on the side opposite to the outer casing.
[0020] Furthermore, the electrode includes interconnected copper rods, wires, and clamps, the clamps being used to connect to cables commonly used in high-density electrochemical methods.
[0021] Furthermore, one end of the copper rod is provided with a transverse groove, one end of the wire is welded to the transverse groove, and the other end is connected to the terminal clamp.
[0022] Furthermore, the copper rod has a diameter of 7-10 mm, the transverse groove has a width of 3-5 mm, and the wiring clamp includes a copper clamp and a plastic body covering the surface of the copper clamp.
[0023] Furthermore, the three separate compartments respectively store graphite powder, cement powder, and water.
[0024] Furthermore, the outer shell is in the shape of a conical bottle.
[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:
[0026] This invention relates to a high-density electrical grounding electrode device suitable for hard slope surfaces. The device comprises three independent chambers and one mixing chamber. Before use, graphite powder, cement powder, and water are added to the three independent chambers for storage. During use, the materials stored in the three independent chambers are introduced into the mixing chamber through valves to mix and undergo a hydration reaction. When the mixture is in a semi-solid state, the conductive base plate is removed from the bottom of the outer casing, allowing the semi-solid mixture to fall onto and adhere to the hard slope surface to be tested. The conductive base plate is then reinstalled on the bottom of the outer casing, and the entire electrode device is pressed into the still-solid mixture. At this point, the lower end of the electrode contacts the conductive base plate, while the conductive mixture connects the conductive base plate and the hard slope to be tested. The conductive mixture acts as a conductive intermediate medium, ensuring good contact with both the hard slope surface and the electrode device. Simultaneously, the semi-solid conductive medium does not leak on the slope. The electrode device of this invention uses a semi-solid conductive medium with good adhesion, which allows the electrode device to be placed on a hard slope surface such as inclined concrete or rock, and to make full contact between the electrode and the ground, reducing the grounding resistance and allowing the current to be supplied smoothly into the ground. This solves the technical problem that traditional high-density electrical resistivity tomography cannot be applied to the surface of inclined hard dam slopes. Attached Figure Description
[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a high-density electrostatic grounding electrode device suitable for hard sloping surfaces provided in this embodiment of the present invention;
[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A top-view structural diagram;
[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A bottom view of the floor structure of a single independent compartment in the middle;
[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the valve in the closed state;
[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the upper end face structure of the conductive base plate;
[0033] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the lower end face structure;
[0034] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the middle electrode.
[0035] The following are the labeling elements in the figure:
[0036] 1. Outer shell; 2. Electrode; 3. Conductive base plate; 11. Independent compartment; 12. Filling port; 13. Valve; 14. Mixing compartment; 15. Side protrusion; 21. Copper rod; 22. Wire; 23. Terminal clamp; 24. Copper clamp; 31. Bottom protrusion; 32. Side groove; 41. Rotating rod; 42. Rotating cover plate; 43. Fixed shaft; 44. Discharge port; 45. Sealing gasket. Detailed Implementation
[0037] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.
[0038] In this invention, the term "and / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.
[0039] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.
[0040] It should be understood that the terms "length", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0041] The terminology used in the embodiments of this utility model is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the utility model. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” as used in the embodiments of this utility model and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
[0042] Please see Figures 1-7 The present invention will now describe a high-density electrostatic grounding electrode device suitable for hard sloping surfaces.
[0043] In one embodiment of this utility model, a high-density electrical grounding electrode device suitable for hard sloping surfaces includes: a housing 1, three independent compartments 11, a mixing compartment 14, a conductive base plate 3, and electrodes 2. The housing 1 has a top cover with three filling ports 12 and one electrode socket. The three independent compartments 11 are located inside the housing 1, and the three filling ports 12 are connected to the three independent compartments 11 respectively. Each independent compartment 11 has a valve 13 at its bottom. The mixing compartment 14 is located inside the housing 1 and below the three independent compartments 11, connected to the three independent compartments 11 via the three valves 13. The conductive base plate 3 is detachably connected to the bottom of the housing 1 and serves as the base plate of the mixing compartment 14. The upper end of the electrode 2 extends out of the electrode socket for connection to a cable commonly used in high-density electrical grounding. The lower end of the electrode 2 contacts the conductive base plate 3.
[0044] In this embodiment, the outer shell 1 has a top cover on its upper part, with three filling ports 12 and one electrode insertion port on the top cover. The bottom of the outer shell 1 is open and detachably connected to the conductive base plate 3. The outer shell 1 can be made of one-piece molded acrylic organic glass material, allowing observation of the mixing of internal materials from the outside. The interior of the outer shell 1 is hollow. The three filling ports 12 and one electrode insertion port on the top cover are distributed in an equilateral triangle, with the three filling ports 12 located at the vertices of the triangle. Each filling port 12 can be covered to prevent the internal material from flowing out. The lower part of each filling port 12 is connected to three independent compartments 11. The electrode insertion port is located at the midpoint of the triangle and is cylindrical, into which an electrode 2 can be inserted. The three independent compartments 11 are independent of each other, and each of them has a valve 13 at its bottom, which can control the outflow rate of the internal material. Below the valve 13 is the mixing compartment 14.
[0045] This invention relates to a high-density electrical grounding electrode device suitable for hard slope surfaces. The device comprises three independent chambers 11 and one mixing chamber 14. Before use, graphite powder, cement powder, and water are added to the three independent chambers 11 for storage. During use, the materials stored in the three independent chambers 11 are introduced into the mixing chamber 14 through valve 13 (i.e., valve 13 is opened) for mixing and hydration. When the mixture is in a semi-solid state, the conductive base plate 3 is removed from the bottom of the outer casing 1, allowing the semi-solid mixture to fall onto and adhere to the hard slope surface to be tested. The conductive base plate 3 is then reinstalled at the bottom of the outer casing 1, and the entire electrode device is pressed into the still-solid semi-solid mixture. At this point, the lower end of the electrode 2 contacts the conductive base plate 3, while the conductive mixture connects the conductive base plate 3 to the hard slope to be tested. The conductive mixture acts as a conductive intermediate medium, maintaining good contact with both the hard slope surface and the electrode device. Simultaneously, the semi-solid conductive medium does not leak on the slope. The electrode device of this utility model uses a semi-solid conductive medium with good adhesion, which allows the electrode device to be placed on a hard slope surface such as inclined concrete or rock, and to make full contact between the electrode 2 and the ground, reducing the grounding resistance and allowing the current to be supplied smoothly into the ground, thereby solving the technical problem that traditional high-density electrical resistivity methods cannot be applied to inclined hard dam slope surfaces.
[0046] Furthermore, in one embodiment, each independent compartment 11 is provided with a discharge port 44 at its bottom, and each valve 13 includes: a fixed shaft 43, a rotating cover plate 42, and a rotating rod 41. The fixed shaft 43 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the bottom plate of the independent compartment 11; one end of the rotating cover plate 42 is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft 43, and the rotating cover plate 42 can cover the area directly below the discharge port 44, with its upper side abutting against the bottom plate of the independent compartment 11; one end of the rotating rod 41 is fixedly connected to the rotating cover plate 42; the outer shell 1 is provided with three through slots communicating with the mixing compartment 14, and the other end of each rotating rod 41 extends out of the outer shell 1 after passing through the through slot. That is, three through slots are opened at the upper part of the mixing compartment 14 near the bottom plate of the independent compartment 11 to allow three rotating rods 41 to pass through, so as to facilitate the opening or closing of the valve 13 by rotating the rotating rod 41. When valve 13 is opened, the materials stored in the three independent compartments 11 flow downwards into the mixing compartment 14 through valve 13.
[0047] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the discharge port 44 is a plurality of discharge holes provided on the bottom plate of the independent compartment 11, that is, each discharge port 44 is a plurality of discharge holes provided on the bottom of the independent compartment 11, so as to more precisely control the discharge rate of materials in the independent compartment 11. After the valve 13 is opened, the outer casing 1 is manually shaken so that the solid materials (graphite powder, cement powder) stored in the independent compartment 11 can flow downward into the mixing compartment 14 through the discharge port 44.
[0048] Furthermore, in one embodiment, a sealing gasket 45 is provided at the contact point between the rotating cover 42 and the bottom plate of the independent compartment 11. By providing the sealing gasket 45, water stored in the independent compartment 11 can be effectively prevented from leaking through gaps when the valve 13 is closed.
[0049] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the bottom inner side of the outer casing 1 is provided with a side protrusion 15, and the side of the conductive base plate 3 is provided with a side groove 32 that engages with the side protrusion 15. Specifically, the side protrusion 15 is semi-circular in shape, and the outer casing 1 and the conductive base plate 3 are detachably connected by engaging the side protrusion 15 and the side groove 32. That is, the conductive base plate 3 is embedded and engaged on the bottom inner side of the outer casing 1 to facilitate the fixation of the conductive base plate 3 and the outer casing 1. The conductive base plate 3 can be a metal base plate, such as a copper base plate.
[0050] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the conductive base plate 3 has multiple bottom protrusions 31 on the side facing away from the outer casing 1. That is, the side of the conductive base plate 3 that contacts the electrode 2 is smooth, while the side that contacts the semi-solid mixture is designed with multiple bottom protrusions 31 to increase the contact area between the conductive base plate 3 and the semi-solid mixture, so that the connection between the electrode device as a whole and the semi-solid mixture is more stable, thereby allowing the electrode device as a whole to be placed stably on a hard sloping surface.
[0051] Furthermore, in one embodiment, electrode 2 includes an interconnected copper rod 21, a wire 22, and a connector 23, the connector 23 being used to connect to a cable commonly used in high-density electrical resistivity surveys. The copper rod 21 is a thin cylindrical shape with a diameter of approximately 7-10 mm and a length slightly longer than the outer casing 1. Near the top of the copper rod 21 is a transverse groove approximately 3-5 mm wide. The wire 22 consists of copper wire wrapped in an insulating sheath, one end of which is soldered into the transverse groove of the copper rod 21, and the other end is connected to the tail of the connector 23. The connector 23 is made of plastic, comprising a copper clamp 24 and a plastic body covering the surface of the copper clamp 24.
[0052] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the three independent compartments 11 respectively store graphite powder, cement powder, and water. Before use, the electrode device stores appropriate amounts of graphite powder, cement powder, and water in the three independent compartments 11; when needed, simply open the valve 13 at the bottom of the independent compartment 11 to allow the three stored materials to mix and form a semi-solid, highly conductive mixture.
[0053] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the outer casing 1 is in the shape of a conical bottle, which makes it easy to handle and provides better stability when placed on an inclined bottom surface.
[0054] The electrode device of this embodiment has an internal structure consisting of two layers: an upper layer with three independent compartments 11, each with a filling port 12 at the top for adding graphite powder, cement powder, and water respectively. Each compartment 11 has a valve 13 at the bottom for opening and closing. The lower layer is a mixing compartment 14 for mixing the three materials to form a semi-solid conductive mixture. Compared to existing traditional high-density electrical grounding electrodes, this embodiment solves the problem of poor grounding on surfaces such as cement roads and rocks. Furthermore, it addresses the issue of liquid conductive fluid easily leaking on inclined surfaces by employing a semi-solid medium, thus solving the grounding problem on sloping surfaces such as dam slopes, demonstrating good practicality.
[0055] This utility model embodiment also provides a method for using a high-density electrical grounding electrode device suitable for hard sloping surfaces, including the following steps:
[0056] First, insert the copper rod 21 into the electrode socket on the top cover of the outer shell 1, and then pour graphite powder, cement powder and water into the three filling holes 12 respectively. At this time, the three substances are located in three independent compartments 11 respectively, and the bottom valve 13 is closed, so they can be stored and carried.
[0057] Secondly, when the target location (i.e., hardened concrete or rock surface) is reached and it is needed, open the lower valve 13 to allow the three materials to flow into the lower mixing chamber 14, then close the valve 13 and shake the electrode device to fully mix the graphite powder, cement powder, and water.
[0058] Due to the property of cement to solidify when it comes into contact with water, once the mixture in the mixing chamber 14 begins to solidify, and when it is observed that the mixture in the mixing chamber 14 is in a semi-solid and semi-fluid state, the conductive bottom plate 3 is pulled out, allowing the semi-solid mixture to fall onto the cement or rock surface.
[0059] Afterwards, the conductive base plate 3 is reinserted into the bottom of the housing 1, and then the entire electrode device is pressed into the semi-solid mixture to ensure that the conductive base plate 3 is in full contact with the intermediate medium of the mixture.
[0060] Finally, connect the terminal clamp 23 of the copper rod electrode 2 to the cable of the high-density electrical resistivity test and test the grounding resistance. When the grounding resistance is normal, the detection work can be carried out.
[0061] After the detection is completed, if it is necessary to clean the conductive base plate 3, a scraper can be used to remove the residual mixture on the conductive base plate 3 for the next use.
[0062] It should be noted that the initial setting time of cement powder after adding water is more than 45 minutes, while the time for high-density electrical resistivity tomography to detect one array is shorter than this initial setting time. Therefore, the entire electrode device can be well separated from the semi-solid mixture before the cement has fully hardened.
[0063] The above embodiments only illustrate several implementation methods of this utility model, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A high-density electrostatic grounding electrode device suitable for hard sloping surfaces, characterized in that, include: The outer casing has a top cover on its upper part, and the top cover has three filling holes and one electrode socket; Three independent compartments are located inside the outer shell, and the three filling ports are respectively connected to the three independent compartments; each independent compartment is equipped with a valve at the bottom; A hybrid compartment is located inside the outer shell; the hybrid compartment is located below the three independent compartments, and the hybrid compartment is connected to the three independent compartments through the three valves. A conductive base plate, detachably connected to the bottom of the outer shell, and the conductive base plate being the base plate of the hybrid compartment; and, The electrode has its upper end extending out of the electrode socket for connection to a cable commonly used in high-density electrochemical methods; its lower end contacts the conductive base plate.
2. The high-density electrostatic grounding electrode device suitable for hard sloping surfaces as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned independent compartments has a discharge port at its bottom, and each of the aforementioned valves includes: A fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the underside of the floor plate of the independent compartment; A rotating cover plate, one end of which is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft, is capable of covering the area directly below the discharge port, and its upper side abuts against the bottom plate of the independent compartment; and, A rotating rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the rotating cover plate; The outer shell is provided with three through slots that communicate with the mixing chamber, and the other end of each of the rotating rods passes through the through slots and extends out of the outer shell.
3. The high-density electrostatic grounding electrode device suitable for hard sloping surfaces as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The discharge port is a plurality of discharge holes provided on the bottom plate of the independent compartment; and / or the contact point between the rotating cover and the bottom plate of the independent compartment is provided with a sealing gasket.
4. The high-density electrostatic grounding electrode device suitable for hard sloping surfaces as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom inner side of the outer casing is provided with a side protrusion, and the side of the conductive base plate is provided with a side groove that engages with the side protrusion.
5. A high-density electrostatic grounding electrode device suitable for hard sloping surfaces as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive base plate has multiple bottom protrusions on the side opposite to the outer shell.
6. The high-density electrical grounding electrode device suitable for hard sloping surfaces as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electrode comprises interconnected copper rods, wires, and a connector, the connector being used to connect to a cable commonly used in high-density electrochemical methods.
7. A high-density electrostatic grounding electrode device suitable for hard sloping surfaces as described in claim 6, characterized in that, One end of the copper rod is provided with a transverse groove, one end of the wire is welded to the transverse groove, and the other end is connected to the terminal clamp.
8. A high-density electrostatic grounding electrode device suitable for hard sloping surfaces as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The copper rod has a diameter of 7-10 mm, the transverse groove has a width of 3-5 mm, and the connector includes a copper clamp and a plastic body covering the surface of the copper clamp.
9. A high-density electrostatic grounding electrode device suitable for hard sloping surfaces as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The three separate compartments respectively store graphite powder, cement powder, and water.
10. A high-density electrostatic grounding electrode device suitable for hard sloping surfaces as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The outer shell is in the shape of a conical bottle.