Hydraulic tool turret

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of surface machining and strengthening of rotary workpieces, and particularly discloses a hydraulic tool turret. The hydraulic tool turret comprises a turret base module, a turret tray and a plurality of tools. Wherein the tool turret tray is arranged on the turret base module and can be driven by the turret base module to rotate around the axis; the multiple cutters are arranged on the cutter tower disc, the cutter tower disc is provided with at least one cutter hydraulic cavity corresponding to the at least one cutter, the tail ends of the cutters are arranged in the cutter hydraulic cavities, and the cutter tower disc is provided with cutter hydraulic channels communicated with the cutter hydraulic cavities. The cutter head hydraulic channel can communicate with a hydraulic device so as to convey a hydraulic medium of the hydraulic device to the cutter head hydraulic cavity. The hydraulic tool turret can convey a hydraulic medium of the hydraulic device to the cutter hydraulic cavity through the cutter hydraulic channel so as to apply a load to the tail end of a tool located in the cutter hydraulic cavity, so that the tool can load a workpiece, and the size of the load can be accurately controlled and adjusted through the hydraulic device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of surface processing and strengthening technology for rotating parts, and more specifically, to a hydraulic turret. Background Technology

[0002] Tool turrets are widely used in CNC lathes and automated machining equipment, primarily for supporting cutting tools and enabling tool positioning, rotation, and tool changing. Horizontal tool turrets are typically used for machining medium to heavy-duty workpieces, offering high stability and strong cutting capabilities. Conventional tool turrets rely on the lathe's X-axis feed to move the tool, thus limiting their machining to traditional turning and milling. For machining tasks requiring high loads and high precision, such as surface hardening or high-pressure cutting of rotating parts, conventional tool turrets cannot meet the requirements.

[0003] In summary, how to effectively solve the problem that the turret cannot meet the high-load processing requirements is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a hydraulic turret whose structural design can effectively solve the problem that the turret cannot meet the high load processing requirements.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A hydraulic turret, comprising:

[0007] Tower base module;

[0008] The turret disc is located on the turret base module and can rotate under the drive of the turret base module;

[0009] Multiple cutting tools are respectively disposed on the turret. The turret is provided with at least one cutting tool hydraulic cavity to correspond to at least one cutting tool. The tail end of the cutting tool is disposed in the corresponding cutting tool hydraulic cavity. The turret is provided with a cutting tool hydraulic channel communicating with the cutting tool hydraulic cavity. The cutting tool hydraulic channel can communicate with a hydraulic device to deliver the hydraulic medium of the hydraulic device to the cutting tool hydraulic cavity.

[0010] Optionally, in the above-mentioned hydraulic turret, the turret base module includes a turret base and a spindle rotatably disposed on the turret base, the rotation of the spindle can drive the turret disc to rotate;

[0011] The turret base is provided with a turret base hydraulic channel for connecting the hydraulic device. The mandrel is provided with a mandrel hydraulic channel corresponding to the cutter head hydraulic channel. The cutter head hydraulic cavity corresponding to the cutter in the working position is connected to the turret base hydraulic channel through the corresponding mandrel hydraulic channel.

[0012] Optionally, in the above-mentioned hydraulic turret, the turret disc is provided with multiple cutter disc hydraulic chambers, and the cutter disc hydraulic chambers corresponding to each cutter that leaves the working position are disconnected from the hydraulic channel of the turret base.

[0013] Optionally, in the above-mentioned hydraulic turret, the mandrel passes through the turret disc and the turret base. Each mandrel hydraulic channel is provided with a first connecting port and a second connecting port extending to the outer circumferential surface of the mandrel. Each cutter disc hydraulic channel extends to the inner circumferential surface of the turret disc and forms a cutter disc opening. The turret base hydraulic channel extends to the inner circumferential surface of the turret base and forms a turret base opening. Each first connecting port can be connected to the corresponding cutter disc opening. The second connecting port corresponding to the cutter located at the working position can be connected to the turret base opening. The remaining second connecting ports are offset from the turret base opening to be disconnected.

[0014] Optionally, in the above-mentioned hydraulic turret, the cutting tool includes a piston rod and a cutting head. The first end of the piston rod is movably disposed in the hydraulic cavity of the cutting disc, and the second end of the piston rod extends out of the hydraulic cavity of the cutting disc. The cutting head is disposed at the second end. The piston rod divides the hydraulic cavity of the cutting disc into a rod-type cavity and a rodless cavity, and the rodless cavity is connected to the hydraulic channel of the cutting disc.

[0015] Optionally, in the above-mentioned hydraulic turret, a reset elastic element is provided in the rod cavity, and the reset elastic element is used to provide a force to the piston rod to retract into the hydraulic cavity of the cutter head.

[0016] Optionally, in the above-mentioned hydraulic turret, a tension / compression sensor is provided between the piston rod and the cutter head;

[0017] And / or, the tower base module is equipped with a sensor for detecting the distance to the workpiece.

[0018] Optionally, in the above-mentioned hydraulic turret, the mandrel is provided with a drive disk, the turret disk is provided with a positioning disk, the drive disk and the positioning disk are respectively provided with teeth that can mesh with each other, and the mandrel can move axially so that the drive disk and the positioning disk can engage or disengage.

[0019] Optionally, in the above-mentioned hydraulic turret, the turret base is provided with a turret base hydraulic chamber, and a piston is provided in the turret base hydraulic chamber to divide the turret base hydraulic chamber into a first sub-chamber and a second sub-chamber distributed along the axial direction of the mandrel. The turret base is provided with a first hole communicating with the first sub-chamber and a second hole communicating with the second sub-chamber. The first hole and the second hole are respectively used to communicate with a hydraulic device. The piston is located on the mandrel and can drive the mandrel to move axially under hydraulic action.

[0020] Optionally, in the above-mentioned hydraulic turret, the turret base module further includes a locking elastic element that cooperates with the mandrel, the locking elastic element being used to provide a force to the mandrel toward the positioning plate.

[0021] Optionally, in the above-mentioned hydraulic turret, the spindle is fitted with a driven gear, and a driving gear is meshed with the driven gear. The driving gear is coaxially located at the output end of the drive component.

[0022] The hydraulic turret provided by this utility model includes a turret base module, a turret disc, and multiple cutting tools. The turret disc is mounted on the turret base module and can rotate around an axis under the drive of the turret base module. Multiple cutting tools are respectively mounted on the turret disc. A cutting tool hydraulic cavity is provided on the turret disc corresponding to at least one cutting tool, with the tail end of the cutting tool located in the cutting tool hydraulic cavity. The turret disc has a cutting tool hydraulic channel communicating with the cutting tool hydraulic cavity, which can communicate with a hydraulic device to deliver the hydraulic medium from the hydraulic device to the cutting tool hydraulic cavity.

[0023] When using the hydraulic turret provided by this utility model for machining, the turret module can drive the turret disk to rotate, thereby moving the tool on the turret disk to rotate the required tool to the working position, where machining is performed. When surface strengthening, material shaping, or high-pressure cutting of rotating workpieces is required, the tool corresponding to the turret hydraulic cavity can be changed to the working position. Since the turret hydraulic cavity is connected to the hydraulic device through the turret hydraulic channel, the hydraulic medium of the hydraulic device can be delivered to the turret hydraulic cavity through the turret hydraulic channel to apply a load to the tail end of the tool located in the turret hydraulic cavity. Thus, the tool can load the workpiece, and the magnitude of the load can be precisely controlled and adjusted by the hydraulic device.

[0024] As can be seen, the hydraulic turret provided by this utility model has the functions of rapid tool changing, tool support and positioning, and achieves precise pressure loading of the tool. This allows the tool to be subjected to a stable and adjustable loading force during surface strengthening treatment of rotating workpieces, solving the problem that existing turrets cannot achieve tool pressure loading. It is particularly suitable for machining tasks requiring high-pressure cutting or surface strengthening. Furthermore, when used for surface strengthening treatment of workpieces, it can continuously apply stable pressure during the machining process, ensuring a more uniform and stable surface strengthening effect on rotating workpieces. This results in the workpiece obtaining a uniform and controllable gradient nanostructure, thereby extending the fatigue life of the workpiece and improving its wear resistance and hardness.

[0025] In summary, the hydraulic turret provided by this utility model is not only suitable for conventional cutting tasks, but also for high-load and high-precision machining tasks such as surface strengthening and precision cutting of rotating workpieces, greatly expanding the application range of hydraulic turrets and adapting to the diversified and high-precision machining needs of modern manufacturing industry. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic turret and hydraulic device in cooperation with a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hydraulic turret according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a top view of the hydraulic turret.

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of AA section;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the flow direction of the hydraulic medium during loading;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the mandrel structure;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a front view schematic diagram of the mandrel;

[0034] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of AA section;

[0035] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the turret disc and cutting tools;

[0036] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A side view diagram;

[0037] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Schematic diagram of AA section;

[0038] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the turret mount.

[0039] Figure label:

[0040] 10-Hydraulic device;

[0041] 1-Turret base module; 2-Turret disc; 3-Tool; 4-Drive component; 5-Motor mount; 6-Dust cover; 7-Tension / compression sensor; 8-Force sensor; 9-Sensor;

[0042] 11-Turret base; 12-Mandrel; 13-Drive plate; 14-Piston; 15-Locking elastic element; 16-Driven gear; 17-Drive gear; 18-Piston flange;

[0043] 111-Tower base hydraulic channel; 1111-Tower base opening; 112-Tower base hydraulic chamber; 1121-First sub-chamber; 1122-Second sub-chamber; 113-First hole; 114-Second hole; 115-Oil inlet / outlet;

[0044] 121 - Hydraulic channel for the spindle; 1211 - First connecting port; 1212 - Second connecting port;

[0045] 21-Cutter head hydraulic chamber; 22-Cutter head hydraulic channel; 221-Cutter head opening; 211-Rod-mounted chamber; 212-Rodless chamber; 23-Reset elastic element; 24-Positioning plate; 25-Cutter head body; 26-Cover plate;

[0046] 31-Piston rod; 32-Cutter head. Detailed Implementation

[0047] This utility model discloses a hydraulic turret to meet high-load processing requirements.

[0048] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0049] The hydraulic turrets provided in this application include, but are not limited to, horizontal hydraulic turrets. Conventional turrets cannot apply additional pressure to the workpiece via hydraulic or mechanical means. For example, horizontal turrets can only perform conventional cutting tasks and cannot apply pressure to the workpiece via the tool. Therefore, they cannot be used for tasks requiring surface strengthening, material shaping, or high-pressure cutting. Furthermore, in scenarios requiring high-precision machining, especially for surface strengthening of rotating workpieces, the tool needs to maintain a stable loading force under high pressure and ensure a uniform distribution of the loading force. Existing horizontal turret systems, due to their structural limitations, cannot precisely control the loading force and cutting force, resulting in compromised machining accuracy. Therefore, conventional horizontal turrets cannot be used for machining rotating workpieces with high precision and high load requirements.

[0050] The hydraulic turret provided in this application, by incorporating a hydraulic circuit within the turret, can provide stable pressure loading to the cutting tool, enabling cutting and surface strengthening of rotating workpieces, thereby forming a controllable and effective gradient nanostructure on their surface. This hydraulic turret can be widely used in fields such as machinery manufacturing, metallurgy, and automobiles.

[0051] The following embodiments mainly describe the hydraulic circuit and related structure of the hydraulic turret. Other structures of the turret can be referenced from the settings of a conventional turret.

[0052] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the hydraulic turret provided by this utility model includes a turret base module 1, a turret disc 2, and multiple cutting tools 3. The turret base module 1 is the main support structure of the hydraulic turret. During operation, it can be mounted on a machine tool and moved under the drive of the machine tool. For example, the turret base module 1 is fastened to the machine tool with bolts. The turret disc 2 is mounted on the turret base module 1, and the multiple cutting tools 3 are respectively mounted on the turret disc 2. The turret base module 1 can drive the turret disc 2 to rotate, specifically rotating different cutting tools 3 to their working positions. The contact position between the cutting tools 3 and the workpiece can also be adjusted as needed. A cutting tool hydraulic cavity 21 is provided on the turret disc 2 corresponding to at least one cutting tool 3. The tail end of the cutting tool 3 is located in the cutting tool hydraulic cavity 21. A cutting tool hydraulic channel 22 is provided on the turret disc 2 corresponding to the cutting tool hydraulic cavity 21. The cutting tool hydraulic channel 22 communicates with the corresponding cutting tool hydraulic cavity 21 and can communicate with a hydraulic device 10 to transport the hydraulic medium of the hydraulic device 10 to the cutting tool hydraulic cavity 21. At least one of the multiple cutting tools 3 is capable of hydraulic loading. By placing the tail end of the cutting tool 3 within the hydraulic chamber 21 of the cutter head, during operation, the hydraulic channel 22 of the cutter head is connected to the hydraulic device 10. The hydraulic device 10, such as a hydraulic pump, delivers hydraulic medium to the hydraulic channel 22 of the cutter head, and then into the hydraulic chamber 21 of the cutter head, acting on the cutting tool 3 to provide a loading force. Through the control output of the hydraulic device 10, the loading force acting on the cutting tool 3 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the load applied by the cutting tool 3 to the workpiece.

[0053] It is understandable that when the turret 2 is provided with a hydraulic chamber 21 for each of the multiple tools 3, a hydraulic channel 22 can be provided for each hydraulic chamber 21, and each hydraulic channel 22 can be connected to the hydraulic device 10 to realize the individual control of the load of each tool 3.

[0054] When machining using the hydraulic turret provided by this utility model, the turret base module 1 drives the turret disk 2 to rotate, thereby moving the tool 3 on the turret disk 2 to change tools, that is, rotating the required tool 3 to the working position so that machining can be performed by the tool 3 in the working position. When surface strengthening, material shaping or high-pressure cutting of rotating workpieces is required, the tool 3 corresponding to the tool disk hydraulic cavity 21 can be changed to the working position. Since the tool disk hydraulic cavity 21 is connected to the hydraulic device 10 through the tool disk hydraulic channel 22, the hydraulic medium of the hydraulic device 10 can be delivered to the tool disk hydraulic cavity 21 through the tool disk hydraulic channel 22 to apply a load to the tail end of the tool 3 located in the tool disk hydraulic cavity 21, so that the tool 3 can load the workpiece, and the magnitude of the load can be precisely controlled and adjusted by the hydraulic device 10.

[0055] In summary, the hydraulic turret provided by this utility model significantly improves the turret's functionality through its high-pressure oil circuit design and stable loading control via the hydraulic device 10. Furthermore, traditional turrets typically have low lubrication oil pressure, generally below 5 MPa. This hydraulic turret, however, incorporates a high-pressure oil circuit, providing sufficient loading pressure. Compared to traditional horizontal turrets that rely solely on the machine tool's X-axis feed for cutting, this hydraulic turret applies pressure to the tool 3, enabling precise control of the contact force between the tool 3 and the workpiece. It provides higher loading force, a more stable machining process, and higher production efficiency, greatly expanding the turret's application range, particularly suitable for high-load and high-precision machining, such as surface strengthening of rotating workpieces, filling a gap in existing horizontal turret applications.

[0056] In some embodiments, the turret module 1 includes a turret base 11 and a spindle 12 rotatably disposed on the turret base 11. Exemplarily, the spindle 12 is disposed on the turret base 11 and is rotatable about an axis under the drive of the drive component 4. The spindle 12 is the component used to drive the turret disc 2 to rotate, and it is drivenly connected to the drive component 4. It is understood that the turret module 1 may not include the drive component 4, in which case the spindle 12 rotates with the drive component 4 via an external drive component. In some embodiments, the turret module 1 may also include the drive component 4, and the spindle 12 is directly or indirectly connected to the output end of the drive component 4 via a transmission assembly to rotate under the drive of the drive component 4.

[0057] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 3-5The turret base 11 is provided with a turret base hydraulic channel 111 for connecting to the hydraulic device 10. The spindle 12 is provided with a spindle hydraulic channel 121 corresponding to the cutter head hydraulic channel 22. When the spindle 12 drives the turret 2 to rotate until the cutter 3 corresponding to the cutter head hydraulic cavity 21 is in the working position, the cutter head hydraulic cavity 21 corresponding to the cutter 3 that has been changed to the working position can be connected to the turret base hydraulic channel 111 through the corresponding spindle hydraulic channel 121. The turret base 11 is a component that does not need to rotate, and the turret base hydraulic channel 111 is provided on it to facilitate connection with the hydraulic device 10. For example, the turret base 11 is provided with an oil inlet / outlet port 115 that communicates with the turret base hydraulic channel 111 for connection with the hydraulic device 10. The spindle 12 is provided with a spindle hydraulic channel 121 to communicate with both the turret base hydraulic channel 111 and the cutter head hydraulic channel 22. The rotation of the mandrel 12, driven by the drive component 4, causes the turret 2 to rotate and change tools. When the tool 3 corresponding to the hydraulic chamber 21 of the turret is changed to the working position, the hydraulic chamber 21 of the turret is connected to the corresponding hydraulic channel 121 of the mandrel. The hydraulic channel 121 of the mandrel is in turn connected to the hydraulic channel 111 of the turret base. Thus, the hydraulic medium of the hydraulic device 10 can enter the hydraulic chamber 21 of the turret through the hydraulic channel 111 of the turret base and the hydraulic channel 121 of the mandrel, thereby loading the tool 3 in the hydraulic chamber 21 of the turret. In this embodiment, an integrated design is adopted, which tightly integrates the hydraulic channel with the turret structure, eliminating the complicated external oil circuits and avoiding pipe entanglement. This not only simplifies the installation and maintenance of the equipment, but also improves the stability and reliability of the hydraulic turret and reduces the failure rate. In other embodiments, the hydraulic chamber 21 of the turret can also be connected to the hydraulic device 10 through hydraulic pipelines, which can also realize the hydraulic loading of the tool 3.

[0058] In some embodiments, the turret 2 is provided with multiple cutterhead hydraulic chambers 21. The cutterhead hydraulic chambers 21 corresponding to each cutter 3 that leaves the working position after tool changing are disconnected from the turret base hydraulic channel 111. The turret 2 is provided with multiple cutters 3. As needed, a cutterhead hydraulic chamber 21 can be provided for one cutter 3 or multiple cutters 3 can be provided separately to achieve hydraulic loading of multiple cutters 3. It should be noted that "multiple" in this application refers to two or more. When cutterhead hydraulic chambers 21 are provided separately for multiple cutters 3, when one cutter 3 rotates to the working position, the cutterhead hydraulic chamber 21 corresponding to that cutter 3 is connected to the turret base hydraulic channel 111 through the corresponding spindle hydraulic channel 121. The hydraulic medium of the hydraulic device 10 can enter the corresponding cutterhead hydraulic chamber 21 through the turret base hydraulic channel 111 and the spindle hydraulic channel 121 corresponding to that cutter 3 to achieve loading of that cutter 3. At this time, the hydraulic chamber 21 of the cutter head corresponding to each cutter 3 in the non-working position is disconnected from the hydraulic channel 111 of the tower base, thereby avoiding loading on the non-working cutter 3 and thus avoiding unnecessary power loss.

[0059] In one example, the mandrel hydraulic channel 121 corresponding to each tool 3 that leaves the working position after tool change is disconnected from the turret hydraulic channel 111, thereby disconnecting the tool head hydraulic cavity 21 from the turret hydraulic channel 111. It can be understood that the mandrel hydraulic channel 121 corresponding to the tool 3 refers to the mandrel hydraulic channel 121 corresponding to the tool head hydraulic cavity 21 where the tool 3 is located. In another example, the tool head hydraulic cavity 21 corresponding to each tool 3 that leaves the working position after tool change is disconnected from the corresponding mandrel hydraulic channel 121, thereby disconnecting the tool head hydraulic cavity 21 from the turret hydraulic channel 111.

[0060] In other embodiments, the non-working tools can also be loaded simultaneously, such as when the mandrel hydraulic channels 121 corresponding to each cutter head hydraulic chamber 21 are all connected.

[0061] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 3-8 The mandrel 12 passes through the turret disc 2 and the turret base 11 to mate with them. The mandrel hydraulic channel 121 has a first communication port 1211 and a second communication port 1212 extending to the outer circumferential surface of the mandrel 12. The cutter head hydraulic channel 22 extends to the inner circumferential surface of the turret disc 2, forming a cutter head opening 221. The turret base hydraulic channel 111 extends to the inner circumferential surface of the turret base 11, forming a turret base opening 1111. The first communication port 1211 can communicate with the cutter head opening 221, and the second communication port 1212 corresponding to the tool 3 in the working position can communicate with the turret base opening 1111. For example, the turret disc 2 and the mandrel 12 are clearance-fitted. By providing the first communication port 1211 and the second communication port 1212 on the outer circumferential surface of the mandrel 12 for mates with the turret disc 2 and the turret base 11, they can communicate with the cutter head hydraulic cavity 21 and the turret base hydraulic channel 111, respectively. When the hydraulic turret is working, the first connecting port 1211 is connected to the cutter head opening 221 of the cutter head hydraulic channel 22. A sealing ring can be installed between them for sealing, such as a sealing ring on the outside of the first connecting port 1211. Additionally, when the hydraulic turret is working, the second connecting port 1212 of the mandrel hydraulic channel 121 corresponding to the tool 3 in the working position is connected to the turret base opening 1111. A sealing ring can be installed between them for sealing, such as a sealing ring on the outside of the second connecting port 1212. That is, when the tool 3 is changed to the working position, its corresponding mandrel hydraulic channel 121 is simultaneously connected to the turret base hydraulic channel 111 and the cutter head hydraulic channel 22 to achieve loading of the tool 3 in the working position. Through the above arrangement, a hydraulic circuit is arranged inside the hydraulic turret to achieve precise loading of the tool 3. Furthermore, the layout of the hydraulic circuit is reasonable, the various components of the hydraulic turret fit well, and assembly is convenient.

[0062] For example, each of the multiple cutting tools 3 is provided with a cutting head hydraulic cavity 21. Each mandrel hydraulic channel 121 is provided with a first connecting port 1211 and a second connecting port 1212 extending to the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel 12. Each cutting head hydraulic channel 22 extends to the inner peripheral surface of the turret 2 and forms a cutting head opening 221. The turret base hydraulic channel 111 extends to the inner peripheral surface of the turret base 11 and forms a turret base opening 1111. Each first connecting port 1211 can be connected to the corresponding cutting head opening 221. The second connecting port 1212 of the cutting tool 3 located in the working position can be connected to the turret base opening 1111. The remaining second connecting ports 1212 are offset from the turret base opening 1111 to disconnect. When the hydraulic turret is working, the cutting head openings 221 of the cutting head hydraulic channels 22 connected to each cutting head hydraulic cavity 21 are connected to the first connecting ports 1211 of the corresponding mandrel hydraulic channels 121. The second connecting port 1212 of the mandrel hydraulic channel 121 corresponding to the tool 3 located in the working position is opposite to and connected to the tower base opening 1111, while the other second connecting ports 1212 are offset from and disconnected from the tower base opening 1111. That is, when the tool 3 is changed to the working position, its corresponding mandrel hydraulic channel 121 is synchronously connected to the tower base hydraulic channel 111 to realize the loading of the tool 3 in the working position, while the mandrel hydraulic channels 121 corresponding to the other tools 3 are offset from and disconnected from the tower base hydraulic channel 111. For ease of explanation, taking two tools as an example, the two tools are referred to as the first tool and the second tool, the tool head hydraulic cavity 21 of the first tool is referred to as the first tool head hydraulic cavity, the tool head hydraulic cavity 21 of the second tool is referred to as the second tool head hydraulic cavity, the corresponding tool head hydraulic channels 22 are referred to as the first tool head hydraulic channel and the second tool head hydraulic channel, and the corresponding mandrel hydraulic channels 121 are referred to as the first mandrel hydraulic channel and the second mandrel hydraulic channel, respectively. When the first tool is in the working position, the hydraulic channel of the first tool disc is connected to the hydraulic channel of the first mandrel, and the hydraulic channel of the first mandrel is connected to the hydraulic channel 111 of the tower base, thereby connecting the hydraulic chamber of the first tool disc to the hydraulic channel 111 of the tower base. At this time, the hydraulic channel of the second tool disc is connected to the hydraulic channel of the second mandrel, but the hydraulic channel of the second mandrel is disconnected from the hydraulic channel 111 of the tower base, thereby disconnecting the hydraulic chamber of the second tool disc from the hydraulic channel 111 of the tower base.

[0063] In the above embodiments, the connection and disconnection of the mandrel hydraulic channel 121 and the tower hydraulic channel 111 are achieved through the positional relationship between the second connecting port 1212 and the tower base opening 1111. The structure is simple, and the physical switching of the on / off state can be automatically achieved with the rotation of the mandrel 12, which is stable and reliable. In other embodiments, a solenoid valve can also be installed in the mandrel hydraulic channel 121, such as in the first connecting port 1211 or the second connecting port 1212, and the connection and disconnection of the cutter head hydraulic channel 22 and the tower base hydraulic channel 111 can be controlled by the opening and closing of the solenoid valve.

[0064] For example, the hydraulic channel 111 of the turret base extends to the outer peripheral surface of the turret base 11 and forms an oil inlet / outlet 115, which is connected to the hydraulic device 10, allowing hydraulic oil to enter the hydraulic chamber 21 of the tool 3 to be worked in the turret disk 2 through the internal oil circuit. If the tool 3 needs to be unloaded, the hydraulic medium can be depressurized through the oil inlet / outlet 115.

[0065] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 4 and Figures 9-11 The cutting tool 3 includes a piston rod 31 and a cutting head 32. The first end of the piston rod 31 is movably disposed within the hydraulic chamber 21 of the cutter head, and the second end extends outside the hydraulic chamber 21. The cutting head 32 is disposed at the second end. The piston rod 31 divides the hydraulic chamber 21 of the cutter head into a rod-side chamber 211 and a rodless chamber 212, with the rodless chamber 212 communicating with the hydraulic channel 22 of the cutter head. It can be understood that the first and second ends of the piston rod 31 are their opposite ends. The specific structure of the cutting head 32 can be referenced from the structure of a conventional cutting head 32, and will not be elaborated here. By setting the piston rod 31 and placing it in the cutter head hydraulic chamber 21, the piston rod 31 and the turret 2 form a sealed cavity. The second end of the piston rod 31 divides the cutter head hydraulic chamber 21 into a rod chamber 211 and a rodless chamber 212. When the cutter 3 is changed to the working position, its corresponding rodless chamber 212 is connected to the hydraulic device 10. For example, the rodless chamber 212 is connected to the hydraulic device 10 through the cutter head hydraulic channel 22, the mandrel hydraulic channel 121, and the turret base hydraulic channel 111. The hydraulic medium of the hydraulic device 10 enters the rodless chamber 212 and acts on the piston rod 31. The piston rod 31 then acts on the cutter head 32, thereby loading the cutter head 32. With the cutter 3 arranged as described above, it can better cooperate with the hydraulic device 10. The cutter head 32 cooperates with the turret 2 through the piston rod 31. A conventional cutter head 32 can be used and placed on the piston rod 31. For ease of assembly, for example, the turret disc 2 includes a turret disc body 25 and a cover plate 26 that cooperates with it, forming a turret disc hydraulic cavity 21 between the two. The cover plate 26 is fixed to the turret disc body 25 by bolts, and the piston rod 31 passes through the cover plate 26.

[0066] In some embodiments, a reset elastic element 23 is provided in the rod chamber 211. The reset elastic element 23 is used to provide a retraction force to the piston rod 31 into the hydraulic chamber 21 of the cutter head, that is, a force from the rod chamber 211 to the rodless chamber 212. By providing the reset elastic element 23, during loading, the piston rod 31 moves under the push of the hydraulic medium and acts on the reset elastic element 23, causing it to deform. Then, after the cutter 3 is unloaded, if the pressure is released through the inlet and outlet ports 115 of the turret hydraulic channel 111, and the hydraulic medium in the rodless chamber 212 is released through the mandrel hydraulic channel 121 and the turret hydraulic channel 111, the restoring force of the reset elastic element 23 can drive the piston rod 31 to reset. As configured above, the reset of the cutter 3 relies on the reset elastic element 23, the overall structure is simple, and the hydraulic circuit can be reduced. For example, the reset elastic element 23 is a compression spring, and the two ends of the compression spring abut against the first end of the piston rod 31 and the wall surface of the turret 2, respectively. In other embodiments, the rod chamber 211 can also be connected to the hydraulic device 10, and the loading and depressurization of the tool 3 can be achieved by pressurizing and depressurizing the rod chamber 211 and the rodless chamber 212.

[0067] In some embodiments, a tension / compression sensor 7 is provided between the piston rod 31 and the cutter head 32. The tension / compression sensor 7 can detect the load applied to the cutter head 32, facilitating precise control of the load applied by the hydraulic turret. For example, the tension / compression sensor 7 is connected to a controller, which collects the load applied to the cutter head 32 in real time. Combined with closed-loop control technology, the hydraulic pressure is adjusted based on feedback to ensure that the loading force on the cutter 3 remains stable throughout the machining process. This makes the loading force more precise, avoiding the loading force fluctuations or instability that may exist in traditional systems, ensuring high precision and stability during machining, thereby improving machining accuracy and quality. For example, when the hydraulic device 10 loads the cutter, the tension / compression sensor 7 returns a pressure value, indicating that the cutter 3 has been successfully loaded.

[0068] In some embodiments, the turret plate 2 is also provided with a force transmitter, which can be fastened to the turret plate 2 by bolts.

[0069] In some embodiments, the turret module 1 is equipped with a sensor 9 for detecting the distance to the workpiece, specifically a proximity sensor. For example, the sensor 9 is located on the turret base 11. The hydraulic turret is bolted to the machine tool support plate. Taking the use of a hydraulic turret for surface strengthening of a workpiece as an example, its workflow specifically includes turret rotation, tool changing, position monitoring, tool 3 loading, and workpiece surface strengthening. During processing, the machine tool can move the hydraulic turret closer to the workpiece and detect the distance using the sensor 9, thereby enabling precise control of the distance between the tool 3 and the workpiece. Furthermore, the sensor 9 is connected to a controller to achieve automatic control of precise feed. For example, after completing the turret rotation and tool changing actions, the controller feeds the support plate along the X direction (perpendicular to the workpiece's axis). When the sensor 9 detects that the distance between the tool 3 and the workpiece surface reaches a preset value, the support plate stops feeding in the X direction and waits for the next action. Increased automation reduces the need for manual operation, optimizes the production process, and improves processing efficiency and safety. Specifically, sensor 9 can be mounted on turret base 11 via sensor mounting plate. For example, after tool 3 is loaded, the controller can be used to feed the hydraulic turret along the Z direction of the equipment (the axis of the workpiece) to strengthen the surface of the workpiece.

[0070] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 12 The spindle 12 is equipped with a drive disk 13, and the turret disk 2 is equipped with a positioning disk 24. The drive disk 13 and positioning disk 24 are respectively provided with meshing teeth. The spindle 12 can move axially to engage or disengage the drive disk 13 and positioning disk 24. In this embodiment, the spindle 12 can move axially relative to the turret disk 2 and turret base 11. When the hydraulic turret is working, the spindle 12 is driven to move axially. When the spindle 12 moves to the point where the drive disk 13 and positioning disk 24 engage, the teeth on them mesh. Therefore, when the drive component 4 drives the spindle 12 to rotate, it can drive the turret disk 2 to rotate, thus achieving tool changing. When the hydraulic turret is not working, the spindle 12 can move axially in the opposite direction to reset, and the corresponding drive disk 13 and positioning disk 24 disengage, releasing the meshing between them. At this time, even if the spindle 12 rotates, it will not drive the turret disk 2 to rotate. This configuration allows for the connection and disconnection of the spindle 12 and the turret 2, facilitating the maintenance of the spindle 12, turret 2, and the tools 3 mounted thereon. It is understood that during operation of the hydraulic turret, the spindle 12 is in an axial position where the drive disc 13 and the positioning disc 24 are engaged. Specifically, the positioning disc 24 can be threadedly fastened to the turret 2. The turret 2 or the positioning disc 24 can be axially limited by a limiting surface against the turret base 11, thereby connecting the turret 2 to the turret base 11, and allowing the turret 2 to rotate relative to the turret base 11. The specific rotational connection method between the turret 2 and the turret base 11 can also refer to conventional rotational connection structures.

[0071] For example, a hydraulic chamber 21 is provided for each of the multiple cutting tools 3, and each mandrel hydraulic channel 121 is provided with a first connecting port 1211 and a second connecting port 1212. Each cutting tool hydraulic channel 22 extends to the inner circumferential surface of the turret 2 and forms a cutting tool opening 221. The turret hydraulic channel 111 extends to the inner circumferential surface of the turret 11 and forms a turret opening 1111. When the mandrel 12 moves axially to engage with the drive disk 13 and the positioning disk 24, each first connecting port 1211 is opposite to the corresponding cutting tool opening 221 for communication. The second connecting port 1212 of the cutting tool 3 in the working position is opposite to the turret opening 1111 for communication. The remaining second connecting ports 1212 are offset from the turret opening 1111 in the circumferential direction to disconnect. When the spindle 12 moves axially to the point where the drive plate 13 separates from the positioning plate 24, the corresponding first connecting ports 1211 are axially offset from the corresponding cutter head openings 221 to disconnect, and the second connecting ports 1212 corresponding to each cutter 3 are axially offset from the turret base openings 1111 to disconnect. Specifically, multiple internal high-pressure oil circuits in the spindle 12, turret base 11, and turret plate 2 are evenly arranged in the cross-sectional direction. During the rotation and tool changing action of the turret plate 2, the oil circuits in the spindle 12, turret base 11, and turret plate 2 are synchronously connected.

[0072] In some embodiments where the cutting tool 3 includes a piston rod 31 and a cutting head 32, the direction of movement of the piston rod 31 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the workpiece. When a mandrel 12 is provided, the direction of movement of the piston rod 31 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the mandrel 12. For example, each cutting tool 3 is disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the turret 2, and the direction of movement of the piston rod 31 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the mandrel 12. With this arrangement, the loading direction of the cutting tool 3 can be perpendicular to the mandrel 12, so no axial force is formed between them, resulting in a more stable and reliable axial locking between the mandrel 12 and the turret 2 during operation.

[0073] In some embodiments, the turret base 11 is provided with a turret base hydraulic chamber 112, and a piston 14 is provided in the turret base hydraulic chamber 112 to divide the turret base hydraulic chamber 112 into a first sub-chamber 1121 and a second sub-chamber 1122 distributed along the axial direction of the mandrel 12. The turret base 11 is provided with a first hole 113 communicating with the first sub-chamber 1121 and a second hole 114 communicating with the second sub-chamber 1122. The first hole 113 and the second hole 114 are respectively used to communicate with hydraulic devices. The piston 14 is disposed on the mandrel 12 and can drive the mandrel 12 to move axially under hydraulic action. In this embodiment, the axial movement of the mandrel 12 is driven by hydraulic force. It can be understood that the hydraulic device for driving the axial movement of the mandrel 12 and the hydraulic device 10 for loading the tool can be shared or separately provided. For example, the first sub-cavity 1121 is away from the turret plate 2, and the second sub-cavity 1122 is close to the turret plate 2. During tool changing, the first sub-cavity 1121 of the turret base 11 is hydraulically loaded, such as by introducing oil into the first hole 113, causing the piston 14 to push the spindle 12 towards the turret plate 2, thereby engaging the drive plate 13 and the positioning plate 24. Then, the drive component 4 drives the spindle 12 to rotate, which in turn drives the turret plate 2 to rotate for tool changing. After the hydraulic turret operation is completed, the second sub-cavity 1122 of the turret base 11 can be hydraulically loaded, such as by introducing oil into the second hole 114, causing the piston 14 to push the spindle 12 away from the turret plate 2, thereby separating the drive plate 13 and the positioning plate 24. With the above configuration, the axial movement of the spindle 12 can be precisely controlled hydraulically.

[0074] For example, the drive disc 13, piston 14, and driven gear 16 are assembled on the spindle 12 by an interference fit. The piston 14 can abut against the stepped surface in the cavity of the turret seat 11 to axially limit and prevent the spindle 12 from dislodging from the turret seat 11. One end of the spindle 12 may be provided with a flange, which can axially limit the turret disc 2. A piston flange 18 is fixed in the cavity of the turret seat 11. The piston flange 18, piston 14, and turret seat 11 form a sealed cavity, namely the turret seat hydraulic cavity 112. For example, a first sub-cavity 1121 is formed between piston 14 and piston flange 18 and communicates with the first hole 113.

[0075] In some embodiments, the turret module 1 further includes a locking elastic element 15 that cooperates with the spindle 12. The locking elastic element 15 provides a force to the spindle 12 toward the positioning disk 24. By providing the locking elastic element 15, the turret 11 can be hydraulically unloaded after tool changing, and the force of the locking elastic element 15 on the spindle 12 is used to achieve axial limiting of the spindle 12, thereby ensuring axial locking between the turret disk 2 and the spindle 12, ensuring safety during machining and stable and reliable loading of the tool 3. Moreover, during tool changing, the spindle 12 is driven axially by hydraulic power, and after tool changing, the axial position of the spindle 12 is maintained by the mechanical structure. The turret 11 does not need to be kept under high pressure, avoiding unnecessary losses to various components and power. In other embodiments, the locking elastic element 15 may not be provided, and the spindle 12 may be held in the axial position where the drive disk 13 and the positioning disk 24 are engaged by hydraulic pressure.

[0076] In some embodiments, a driven gear 16 is sleeved on the mandrel 12, and a driving gear 17 meshes with the driven gear 16. The driving gear 17 is coaxially located at the output end of the drive component 4. The torque output by the drive component 4 is transmitted to the mandrel 12 through the cooperation of the driven gear 16 and the driving gear 17. On the one hand, the rotational speed of the mandrel 12 can be controlled by the transmission ratio of the driven gear 16 and the driving gear 17. On the other hand, the driven gear 16 and the driving gear 17 can satisfy axial relative movement while maintaining circumferential meshing, thereby ensuring the effective driving of the mandrel 12 by the drive component 4 and facilitating assembly.

[0077] For example, the drive component 4 is a servo motor. Driving the servo motor causes the driven gear 16 to rotate the spindle 12, which in turn rotates the positioning disk 24, causing the turret disk 2 to rotate around the center of rotation to the desired angle, thus completing the tool change action. During machining, the circumferential direction of the turret disk 2 can be locked by the servo motor. The driven gear 16 and the drive gear 17 are located inside the turret base 11, while the servo motor can be located outside the turret base 11. The driven gear 16 is interference-fitted to the spindle 12. For ease of installation, an opening can be provided at one end of the turret base 11, and the motor mount 5 for the servo motor can be located in the aforementioned opening and connected to the turret base 11 by bolts.

[0078] In some embodiments, a dust cover 6 connected to the turret base 11 is also included. The dust cover 6 covers the drive component 4 to protect the drive component 4.

[0079] The following is a specific processing example to illustrate this solution.

[0080] During machining, the hydraulic turret is fastened to the machine tool tray, and the machine tool tray is used to achieve feed loading in the X and Z directions.

[0081] When the hydraulic turret receives a tool change signal, the first hole 113 of the turret base 11 is connected, allowing hydraulic medium to flow into the first sub-cavity 1121. The hydraulic pressure is adjusted to 2.5–4.0 MPa. Under hydraulic pressure, the piston 14 moves axially, driving the spindle 12 towards the turret plate 2. At this time, the drive plate 13 moves towards the turret plate 2 along with the spindle 12, thus engaging with the positioning plate 24. The servo motor is driven, causing the spindle 12 to rotate with the driven gear 16. This drives the drive plate 13 to rotate the turret plate 2 to the desired circumferential position. At this time, the second sub-cavity 1122 can be depressurized through the second hole 114, and the hydraulic medium is discharged from the second hole 114. The locking elastic element 15 is used to axially limit the spindle 12, ensuring that the turret plate 2 is locked in the axial direction. The servo motor is used to lock the turret plate 2 in the circumferential direction, ensuring safety during machining. The tool change operation is then completed.

[0082] After the machine tool receives the instruction that the tool change action is completed, a feed signal is given to the equipment pallet along the X-axis, causing the tool 3 to slowly approach the workpiece surface. When the sensor 9 detects that the distance between the tool 3 and the workpiece surface reaches a preset value of 5mm, the pallet stops feeding in the X direction. During the tool change process, the spindle 12 simultaneously completes the switching of its internal oil circuit, allowing the hydraulic medium to enter the hydraulic channel 111 of the turret 11 through the inlet / outlet port 115, and then flow into the corresponding cutter head hydraulic channel 22 after passing through the spindle hydraulic channel 121, and into the corresponding cutter head hydraulic chamber 21. The inlet / outlet port 115 of the turret 11 is turned on, allowing the hydraulic medium to enter the cutter head hydraulic chamber 21, and the hydraulic pressure is adjusted to 8-10 MPa, causing the tool 3 to be slowly loaded until the pressure feedback from the tension / compression sensor 7 is 200-600 kgf. At this point, the tool 3 has made contact with the workpiece surface. Continue to increase the pressure of the hydraulic chamber 21 of the cutter head to 15-20 MPa, so that the pressure value fed back by the tension and compression sensor 7 is 800-1000 kgf, which is to reach the preset loading force value of the tool 3. At this time, the tool 3 is loaded and the workpiece can be subjected to surface strengthening and other treatments.

[0083] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0084] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A hydraulic turret, characterized in that, include: Tower base module (1); The turret plate (2) is located on the turret base module (1) and can rotate under the drive of the turret base module (1); Multiple cutting tools (3) are respectively disposed on the turret plate (2). The turret plate (2) is provided with at least one cutting tool hydraulic cavity (21) to correspond to at least one cutting tool (3). The tail end of the cutting tool (3) is disposed in the corresponding cutting tool hydraulic cavity (21). The turret plate (2) is provided with a cutting tool hydraulic channel (22) communicating with the cutting tool hydraulic cavity (21). The cutting tool hydraulic channel (22) can communicate with the hydraulic device (10) to transport the hydraulic medium of the hydraulic device (10) to the cutting tool hydraulic cavity (21).

2. The hydraulic turret according to claim 1, characterized in that, The turret module (1) includes a turret base (11) and a spindle (12) rotatably disposed on the turret base (11). The rotation of the spindle (12) can drive the turret disc (2) to rotate. The turret base (11) is provided with a turret base hydraulic channel (111) for connecting the hydraulic device (10). The spindle (12) is provided with a spindle hydraulic channel (121) corresponding to the hydraulic channel (22) of the cutter disc. The hydraulic chamber (21) of the cutter head corresponding to the working position of the cutter (3) can be connected to the hydraulic channel (111) of the tower base through the corresponding hydraulic channel (121) of the spindle.

3. The hydraulic turret according to claim 2, characterized in that, The turret disc (2) is provided with multiple cutter disc hydraulic chambers (21). The cutter disc hydraulic chambers (21) corresponding to each cutter (3) that leaves the working position after tool change are disconnected from the hydraulic channel (111) of the turret base.

4. The hydraulic turret according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mandrel (12) passes through the turret disc (2) and the turret base (11). Each mandrel hydraulic channel (121) is provided with a first connecting port (1211) and a second connecting port (1212) extending to the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel (12). Each cutter disc hydraulic channel (22) extends to the inner peripheral surface of the turret disc (2) and forms a cutter disc opening (221). The turret base hydraulic channel (111) extends to the inner peripheral surface of the turret base (11) and forms a turret base opening (1111). Each of the first communication ports (1211) can be connected to the corresponding cutter head opening (221) respectively. The second communication port (1212) corresponding to the cutter (3) located in the working position can be connected to the tower base opening (1111). The remaining second communication ports (1212) are all disconnected from the tower base opening (1111).

5. The hydraulic turret according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting tool (3) includes a piston rod (31) and a cutting head (32). The first end of the piston rod (31) is movably disposed in the hydraulic chamber (21) of the cutting disc, and the second end of the piston rod (31) extends out of the hydraulic chamber (21) of the cutting disc. The cutting head (32) is disposed at the second end. The piston rod (31) divides the hydraulic chamber (21) of the cutting disc into a rod chamber (211) and a rodless chamber (212). The rodless chamber (212) is connected to the hydraulic channel (22) of the cutting disc.

6. The hydraulic turret according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rod cavity (211) is provided with a reset elastic element (23), which is used to provide the piston rod (31) with a retraction force into the cutter head hydraulic cavity (21).

7. The hydraulic turret according to claim 5, characterized in that, A tension / compression sensor (7) is provided between the piston rod (31) and the cutter head (32). And / or, the tower base module (1) is provided with a sensor (9) for detecting the distance to the workpiece.

8. The hydraulic turret according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The spindle (12) is provided with a drive disk (13), and the turret disk (2) is provided with a positioning disk (24). The drive disk (13) and the positioning disk (24) are respectively provided with teeth that can mesh with each other. The spindle (12) can move axially so that the drive disk (13) and the positioning disk (24) can engage or disengage.

9. The hydraulic turret according to claim 8, characterized in that, The turret base (11) is provided with a turret base hydraulic chamber (112). The turret base hydraulic chamber (112) is provided with a piston (14) to divide the turret base hydraulic chamber (112) into a first sub-chamber (1121) and a second sub-chamber (1122) distributed along the axial direction of the mandrel (12). The turret base (11) is provided with a first hole (113) communicating with the first sub-chamber (1121) and a second hole (114) communicating with the second sub-chamber (1122). The first hole (113) and the second hole (114) are respectively used to communicate with the hydraulic device. The piston (14) is provided on the mandrel (12) and can drive the mandrel (12) to move axially under hydraulic action. And / or, the spindle (12) is fitted with a driven gear (16), and a driving gear (17) is meshed with the driven gear (16), and the driving gear (17) is coaxially located at the output end of the drive component (4).

10. The hydraulic turret according to claim 9, characterized in that, The tower module (1) also includes a locking elastic element (15) that cooperates with the spindle (12), the locking elastic element (15) being used to provide a force to the spindle (12) toward the positioning disk (24).

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