Device for keeping water and soil pressure balance of shield receiving tunnel portal

Abstract

The utility model provides a device for keeping water and soil pressure balance of a shield receiving tunnel portal. The device for keeping the water and soil pressure balance of the shield receiving tunnel portal comprises a steel sleeve; the air pressure bin structure is arranged at the top of the steel sleeve; the two pressure gauges are respectively mounted on the outer wall of the middle part and the outer wall of the bottom part of the steel sleeve, and the two pressure gauges are both used for detecting the internal air pressure of the steel sleeve; a bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the steel sleeve, multiple sets of supporting legs are installed at the top of the bottom plate, the tops of the multiple sets of supporting legs are connected with the outer wall of the steel sleeve, and multiple pieces of H-shaped steel are installed at the bottom of the bottom plate. According to the device for keeping the water and soil pressure balance of the shield receiving tunnel portal, the air pressure bin structure is additionally arranged on the top of the steel sleeve, the air pressure in the steel sleeve can be flexibly adjusted according to changes of the stratum water and soil pressure, and accurate balance between the air pressure and the stratum water and soil pressure is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of subway tunnel construction equipment, and in particular relates to a device for maintaining the balance of water and soil pressure at the shield receiving portal. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of subway tunnel construction, shield receiving is a crucial step. Traditionally, shield receiving in water-rich strata subway tunnels often employs horizontal freezing + steel sleeve technology. This technology creates a pressure-bearing environment through a sealed steel sleeve to balance the water and soil pressure inside and outside the tunnel portal, preventing water and sand inrush accidents. Specifically, the steel sleeve and the pre-embedded steel ring at the tunnel portal are sealed and welded to form a sealed cylinder. The cylinder is filled with slag or mud and pre-pressurized to simulate the original stratum pressure state. The pressure inside the sleeve is set according to the stratum water pressure and soil pressure parameters, and the soil pressure balance is maintained by controlling the filling density and grouting volume. The cylinder is made of specific steel plates rolled and welded with stiffening plates to enhance rigidity. The bottom steel frame, reaction frame, and transverse steel brace form a support system to ensure the stability of the sleeve.

[0003] However, this traditional technology has drawbacks. First, it consumes a lot of resources. A single reception requires a large amount of filling and grouting materials, and also generates a large amount of construction waste. Some engineering waste is difficult to recycle, causing environmental pollution. Second, it is extremely difficult to control the water and soil pressure balance inside and outside the tunnel portal during shield reception. Even with various measures, it is still difficult to completely achieve pressure balance, which poses a risk of water leakage and threatens construction safety and project quality.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new device for maintaining the water and soil pressure balance at the tunnel entrance of the shield receiving tunnel to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem solved by this utility model is to provide a device for maintaining the water and soil pressure balance of the shield tunnel receiving portal by adding an air pressure chamber structure to the top of the steel sleeve, which can flexibly adjust the air pressure inside the steel sleeve according to the changes in the water and soil pressure of the stratum, thereby achieving a precise balance with the water and soil pressure of the stratum.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the device for maintaining the water and soil pressure balance at the shield tunnel receiving portal provided by this utility model includes: a steel sleeve;

[0007] A pressure chamber structure, wherein the pressure chamber structure is disposed on the top of the steel sleeve;

[0008] Two pressure gauges are installed on the outer wall of the middle section and the outer wall of the bottom of the steel sleeve, respectively. Both pressure gauges are used to detect the internal air pressure of the steel sleeve.

[0009] The bottom of the steel sleeve is provided with a base plate, and multiple sets of support legs are installed on the top of the base plate. The tops of the multiple sets of support legs are all connected to the outer wall of the steel sleeve. Multiple H-beams are installed on the bottom of the base plate.

[0010] The air pressure chamber structure includes a chamber pipe, a chamber cover, a hollow plate, a conical block, a sealing gasket, multiple limiting components and movable components. The chamber pipe is installed on the top of the steel sleeve and is connected to the steel sleeve. The chamber cover is located at the top of the chamber pipe and is adapted to the chamber pipe. The hollow plate is slidably installed inside the chamber pipe, and the top of the hollow plate is connected to the bottom of the chamber cover.

[0011] The bin cover and the hollow plate are rotatably mounted with the same conical block. The sealing gasket is slidably installed inside the bin tube. The top of the sealing gasket is connected to the bottom of the hollow plate. The outer wall of the sealing gasket is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the bin tube to form a seal.

[0012] As a further embodiment of this utility model, multiple limiting components are arranged in a circular array inside a hollow plate. Each limiting component includes a toggle block, a mounting block, a sliding rod, a limiting insert block, a connecting block, and a return spring. The hollow plate has a cavity, and an opening is formed on one side of the inner wall of the cavity. The toggle block is disposed inside the cavity, and one end of the toggle block passes through the opening and is connected to the outer wall of the conical block. The toggle block is slidably connected to the opening.

[0013] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the mounting block is installed in the cavity, the sliding rod is slidably installed on the mounting block, the limiting plug is installed on the end of the sliding rod away from the conical block, the connecting block is installed on the end of the sliding rod close to the conical block, the connecting block is adapted to the toggle block, the return spring is slidably sleeved on the sliding rod, one end of the return spring is connected to the connecting block, and the other end of the return spring is connected to the mounting block.

[0014] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the outer wall of the hollow plate is provided with multiple openings, and the inner wall of the storage tube is provided with multiple limiting slots. The multiple limiting slots correspond one-to-one with the multiple openings and the multiple limiting blocks, and the limiting blocks are adapted to the openings and the limiting slots.

[0015] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the bin cover and bin tube are connected by a movable component. The movable component includes a fixed block, two vertical blocks, a second connecting block, and two rotating shafts. The fixed block is installed on the outer wall of the bin tube, and the two vertical blocks are symmetrically installed on the top of the fixed block. The second connecting block is disposed between the two vertical blocks and is connected to the bin cover. The two rotating shafts are respectively installed on the outer walls of the two sides of the second connecting block and are rotatably connected to the two fixed blocks. A handle is installed on the top of the conical block.

[0016] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the steel sleeve contains a mixed filler material, which is made by mixing water and water-absorbing resin, and an air injection valve pipe is connected and installed on the steel sleeve.

[0017] Compared with related technologies, the water and soil pressure balance device for maintaining the tunnel entrance of the shield receiving tunnel provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. This utility model, by adding a pressure chamber structure to the top of the steel sleeve, can flexibly adjust the air pressure inside the steel sleeve according to the changes in the water and soil pressure of the stratum, and achieve a precise balance with the water and soil pressure of the stratum. Compared with traditional technology, it greatly reduces the difficulty of pressure balance control, effectively avoids water leakage problems caused by pressure imbalance, and ensures the safety and stability of shield tunneling receiving construction.

[0019] 2. This utility model, by setting a pressure gauge in the middle and bottom of the steel sleeve shell, can comprehensively monitor the air pressure at different positions of the steel sleeve and compare and analyze the data with the pressure sensor data in the soil chamber of the tunnel boring machine in real time. This multi-directional pressure monitoring method enables construction personnel to more accurately grasp the pressure status inside the steel sleeve, detect pressure abnormalities in time and make adjustments, and further improve the reliability of pressure balance.

[0020] 3. This utility model uses "water + water-absorbing resin" as the filling material inside the steel sleeve, which has significant advantages over the traditional sand / soil mixture. The water-absorbing resin and water can be mixed evenly in any proportion, resulting in a uniform texture that better matches the water and soil pressure conditions of water-rich strata, improving the accuracy of pressure simulation. Moreover, after the sleeve is disassembled, it can be directly pumped out using a sewage pump, making the treatment process simple and efficient. This significantly reduces the workload and difficulty of waste disposal, lowers resource consumption and environmental pollution, and has good economic and environmental benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the gas pressure chamber structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the gas pressure chamber structure of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the middle.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Steel sleeve; 2. Air chamber structure; 21. Chamber pipe; 22. Chamber cover; 23. Hollow plate; 24. Conical block; 25. Sealing gasket; 26. Actuating block; 27. Mounting block; 28. Sliding rod; 29. ​​Limiting block; 30. Connecting block one; 31. Return spring; 32. Fixing block; 33. Vertical block; 34. Connecting block two; 35. Rotating shaft; 3. Pressure gauge; 4. Base plate; 5. Support leg; 6. H-beam; 7. Air injection valve pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 4 ,in, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the gas pressure chamber structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the gas pressure chamber structure of this utility model; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram of section A. The device for maintaining water and soil pressure balance at the shield tunnel receiving portal includes: steel sleeve 1;

[0028] The air pressure chamber structure 2 is disposed on the top of the steel sleeve 1;

[0029] Two pressure gauges 3 are installed on the outer wall of the middle part and the outer wall of the bottom of the steel sleeve 1, respectively. Both pressure gauges 3 are used to detect the internal air pressure of the steel sleeve 1.

[0030] The bottom of the steel sleeve 1 is provided with a base plate 4, and the top of the base plate 4 is equipped with multiple sets of support legs 5. The tops of the multiple sets of support legs 5 are all connected to the outer wall of the steel sleeve 1. Multiple H-beams 6 are installed at the bottom of the base plate 4.

[0031] The air pressure chamber structure 2 includes a chamber pipe 21, a chamber cover 22, a hollow plate 23, a conical block 24, a sealing gasket 25, multiple limiting components and movable components. The chamber pipe 21 is installed on the top of the steel sleeve 1 and is connected to the steel sleeve 1. The chamber cover 22 is located at the top of the chamber pipe 21 and is adapted to the chamber pipe 21. The hollow plate 23 is slidably installed inside the chamber pipe 21 and the top of the hollow plate 23 is connected to the bottom of the chamber cover 22.

[0032] The same conical block 24 is rotatably mounted on the cover 22 and the hollow plate 23. The sealing gasket 25 is slidably installed inside the storage tube 21. The top of the sealing gasket 25 is connected to the bottom of the hollow plate 23. The outer wall of the sealing gasket 25 is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the storage tube 21 to form a seal.

[0033] Multiple limiting components are arranged in a ring array inside the hollow plate 23. Each limiting component includes a toggle block 26, a mounting block 27, a sliding rod 28, a limiting insert block 29, a connecting block 30, and a return spring 31. The hollow plate 23 has a cavity, and an opening is formed on one side of the inner wall of the cavity. The toggle block 26 is disposed inside the cavity, and one end of the toggle block 26 passes through the opening and is connected to the outer wall of the conical block 24. The toggle block 26 is slidably connected to the opening.

[0034] The mounting block 27 is installed in the cavity, the sliding rod 28 is slidably installed on the mounting block 27, the limiting plug 29 is installed on the end of the sliding rod 28 away from the conical block 24, the connecting block 30 is installed on the end of the sliding rod 28 close to the conical block 24, the connecting block 30 is adapted to the toggle block 26, the return spring 31 is slidably sleeved on the sliding rod 28, one end of the return spring 31 is connected to the connecting block 30, and the other end of the return spring 31 is connected to the mounting block 27.

[0035] The outer wall of the hollow plate 23 has multiple openings, and the inner wall of the storage tube 21 has multiple limiting slots. The multiple limiting slots correspond one-to-one with the multiple openings and the multiple limiting blocks 29. The limiting blocks 29 are adapted to the openings and the limiting slots.

[0036] The cover 22 and the tube 21 are connected by a movable component, which includes a fixed block 32, two vertical blocks 33, a connecting block 24, and two rotating shafts 35. The fixed block 32 is installed on the outer wall of the tube 21, the two vertical blocks 33 are symmetrically installed on the top of the fixed block 32, the connecting block 24 is located between the two vertical blocks 33 and is connected to the cover 22, and the two rotating shafts 35 are respectively installed on the outer walls of the two sides of the connecting block 24 and are rotatably connected to the two fixed blocks 32. A handle is installed on the top of the conical block 24.

[0037] The steel sleeve 1 is filled with a mixed filling material, which is made of water and water-absorbing resin. An air injection valve pipe 7 is connected to the steel sleeve 1. The air injection valve pipe 7 is connected to an external air compressor. Based on the cooperation between the air injection valve pipe 7 and the air compressor, air can be injected into the steel sleeve 1 until it is equal to the water and soil pressure at the tunnel entrance. Then the valve on the air injection valve pipe 7 can be closed.

[0038] The tunnel boring machine is equipped with a soil and water pressure sensing system, which can directly read the soil and water pressure of the stratum from the control panel display screen in the control room of the tunnel boring machine. Therefore, by cooperating with the air injection valve pipe 7 and the air compressor equipment, air can be injected into the steel sleeve 1 to maintain its pressure balance.

[0039] By using "water + water-absorbing resin" as the filling material inside the steel sleeve, it has significant advantages over the traditional sand / soil mixture. The water-absorbing resin and water can be mixed evenly in any proportion, resulting in a uniform texture that better matches the water and soil pressure conditions of water-rich strata, improving the accuracy of pressure simulation. Moreover, after the sleeve is disassembled, sewage can be directly pumped out, making the treatment process simple and efficient. This significantly reduces the workload and difficulty of waste disposal, lowers resource consumption and environmental pollution, and has good economic and environmental benefits.

[0040] The working principle of the device for maintaining water and soil pressure balance at the tunnel entrance of the shield receiving tunnel provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0041] First step: Before the shield tunnel is received, install this anti-seepage device in place, seal the steel sleeve 1 with the pre-embedded steel ring of the tunnel portal to build a basic pressure-bearing space, and fill the steel sleeve 1 with a filler made of water and water-absorbing resin. The filler has a uniform texture and can better simulate the formation pressure environment.

[0042] The second step: When the tunnel boring machine (TBM) approaches the tunnel entrance, the internal air pressure of the steel sleeve 1 is monitored in real time by observing two pressure gauges 3 installed on the middle and bottom outer walls of the sleeve 1. Simultaneously, this air pressure value is compared with the soil and water pressure value detected by the pressure sensor inside the TBM's soil chamber. If an imbalance is found between the internal pressure of the steel sleeve 1 and the soil and water pressure, the pressure chamber structure 2 can be operated to adjust the pressure. By rotating the handle, the conical block 24 rotates, causing the actuating block 26 to move away from the connecting block 30, thus compressing the pressure. When the reset spring 31 is reset, it will cause the limit plug 29 to be pulled out of the limit slot of the storage tube 21. Then, under the action of the moving component and the handle, the storage cover 22 is pulled to drive the hollow plate 23 and the sealing gasket 25 to slide inside the storage tube 21. Finally, according to the pressure difference, the hollow plate 23 is slid up and down to release air to adjust the internal air pressure of the steel sleeve 1 until it is balanced with the soil and water pressure of the stratum. After completion, the connecting block 30 is squeezed by the actuating block 26, so that the limit plug 29 will be reinserted into the limit slot to form a limit seal, which can maintain stable air pressure.

[0043] It should be noted that the device structure and accompanying drawings of this utility model mainly describe the principle of this utility model. In terms of the technical aspects of this design principle, the setting of the power mechanism, power supply system and control system of the device is not fully described. However, under the premise that those skilled in the art understand the principle of the above utility model, the specific details of its power mechanism, power supply system and control system can be clearly understood. The control method in the application document is automatic control through a controller. The control circuit of the controller can be implemented by those skilled in the art through simple programming.

[0044] All standard parts used can be purchased from the market, and can be customized according to the instructions and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding that are mature in the existing technology. The machinery, parts and equipment adopt conventional models in the existing technology, and the structure and principle of the components known to those skilled in the art can be known by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods.

[0045] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and alterations can be made to these embodiments, or they can be used directly or indirectly, without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. In other related technical fields, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents, and they are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for maintaining water and soil pressure balance at the tunnel entrance of a shield receiving tunnel, characterized in that, include: Steel sleeve; A pressure chamber structure, wherein the pressure chamber structure is disposed on the top of the steel sleeve; Two pressure gauges are installed on the outer wall of the middle section and the outer wall of the bottom of the steel sleeve, respectively. Both pressure gauges are used to detect the internal air pressure of the steel sleeve. The bottom of the steel sleeve is provided with a base plate, and multiple sets of support legs are installed on the top of the base plate. The tops of the multiple sets of support legs are all connected to the outer wall of the steel sleeve. Multiple H-beams are installed on the bottom of the base plate. The air pressure chamber structure includes a chamber pipe, a chamber cover, a hollow plate, a conical block, a sealing gasket, multiple limiting components and movable components. The chamber pipe is installed on the top of the steel sleeve and is connected to the steel sleeve. The chamber cover is located at the top of the chamber pipe and is adapted to the chamber pipe. The hollow plate is slidably installed inside the chamber pipe, and the top of the hollow plate is connected to the bottom of the chamber cover. The bin cover and the hollow plate are rotatably mounted with the same conical block. The sealing gasket is slidably installed inside the bin tube. The top of the sealing gasket is connected to the bottom of the hollow plate. The outer wall of the sealing gasket is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the bin tube to form a seal.

2. The device for maintaining water and soil pressure balance at the tunnel entrance of a shield receiving tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple limiting components are arranged in a circular array inside a hollow plate. Each limiting component includes a toggle block, a mounting block, a sliding rod, a limiting insert block, a connecting block, and a return spring. The hollow plate has a cavity, and an opening is formed on one side of the inner wall of the cavity. The toggle block is disposed inside the cavity, and one end of the toggle block passes through the opening and is connected to the outer wall of the conical block. The toggle block is slidably connected to the opening.

3. The device for maintaining water and soil pressure balance at the tunnel entrance of a shield receiving tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting block is installed inside the cavity, the sliding rod is slidably mounted on the mounting block, the limiting plug is installed on the end of the sliding rod away from the conical block, the connecting block is installed on the end of the sliding rod close to the conical block, the connecting block is adapted to the toggle block, the return spring is slidably sleeved on the sliding rod, one end of the return spring is connected to the connecting block, and the other end of the return spring is connected to the mounting block.

4. The device for maintaining water and soil pressure balance at the tunnel entrance of a shield receiving tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the hollow plate has multiple openings, and the inner wall of the storage tube has multiple limiting slots. The multiple limiting slots correspond one-to-one with the multiple openings and multiple limiting blocks, and the limiting blocks are adapted to the openings and limiting slots.

5. The device for maintaining water and soil pressure balance at the shield tunnel receiving portal according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bin cover and bin tube are connected by a movable component, which includes a fixed block, two vertical blocks, a second connecting block, and two rotating shafts. The fixed block is installed on the outer wall of the bin tube, and the two vertical blocks are symmetrically installed on the top of the fixed block. The second connecting block is located between the two vertical blocks and is connected to the bin cover. The two rotating shafts are respectively installed on the outer walls of the two sides of the second connecting block and are rotatably connected to the two fixed blocks. A handle is installed on the top of the conical block.

6. The device for maintaining water and soil pressure balance at the tunnel entrance of a shield receiving tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel sleeve contains a mixed filler material, which is made by mixing water and water-absorbing resin. An air injection valve pipe is connected to and installed on the steel sleeve.

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