Fracture water early warning type anchor rod for tunnel construction

Abstract

The utility model provides a crack water early warning type anchor rod for tunnel construction, which belongs to the technical field of anchoring engineering and comprises an outer anchor rod, an inner anchor rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer anchor rod, a nut is in threaded connection with the outer wall of the outer anchor rod, pouring holes are evenly distributed in the outer wall of the outer anchor rod and the outer wall of the inner anchor rod, and the crack water early warning type anchor rod further comprises an external early warning assembly and an external early warning assembly, the pre-warning external assembly comprises a sealing plate slidably connected to the outer wall of the nut, a pre-warning box is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sealing plate, a control groove is formed in the top wall of the pre-warning box, and a battery groove is formed in the end, away from the sealing plate, of the pre-warning box. According to the utility model, the anchor rods with different lengths and inclination angles are arranged, and the anchor rods are laid at different intervals and in different length-to-length ratios to adapt to different types of rock stratums, so that more effective support can be provided, the anti-sliding capability of the whole structure is enhanced, the safety of construction and later use is guaranteed, and meanwhile, unnecessary material waste can be reduced, so that the cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of anchoring engineering technology, and more specifically, to a fissure water early warning anchor for tunnel construction. Background Technology

[0002] Rock masses are common geological formations in nature, and their structure and stability are influenced by various factors. With the increasing development of engineering construction, the stability of rock masses, which support many important facilities (such as tunnels, foundations, and slopes), is crucial. However, when rock masses are subjected to external forces, especially in the presence of geological defects (such as fissures and faults) and hydrological influences, they are prone to cracking and failure. These fissures not only affect the overall stability of the rock mass but may also lead to the seepage and flow of groundwater, thereby triggering a series of geological disasters such as collapses and landslides. Anchor bolts, as an effective reinforcement and support measure, are widely used in geotechnical engineering. By anchoring within the rock mass, anchor bolts can significantly improve the tensile and shear strength of the rock mass and limit deformation and displacement caused by external forces.

[0003] A search revealed a Chinese patent application with patent number CN205422768U, which discloses a self-propelled fracture water early warning anchor bolt. The anchor bolt consists of an anchor bolt body, a fracture water early warning drill bit, an early warning indicator light, an early warning indicator light wire, a connecting sleeve, an arched pad, a nut, a grout stop plug, and a grout plug. The head of the anchor bolt body is equipped with a fracture water early warning drill bit, the inner side of the bolt body is embedded with an early warning indicator light wire, the outer side of the bolt body is surrounded by a self-propelled thread, the anchor bolt body has evenly distributed grouting holes, and the tail of the bolt body is equipped with an early warning indicator light.

[0004] Although the aforementioned patent describes a device where the expansion part of the fracture water warning device expands upon contact with water when fracture water flows through the fracture water warning drill bit, activating the circuit and illuminating the warning indicator light to warn of fracture water development, it still has the following shortcomings during use: the electrical signal is only triggered when the expansion part comes into contact with water, making it easy to miss and fail to detect fracture water, which poses a safety hazard.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a fissure water early warning anchor bolt for tunnel construction to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fracture water early warning anchor for tunnel construction, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A fissure water early warning anchor bolt for tunnel construction includes an outer anchor bolt, an inner anchor bolt fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer anchor bolt, and a nut threadedly connected to the outer wall of the outer anchor bolt. Both the outer and inner anchor bolts have uniformly distributed grouting holes on their outer walls. The bolt also includes:

[0009] An external warning component includes a sealing plate slidably connected to the outer wall of a nut, a warning box fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sealing plate, a control groove provided on the top wall of the warning box, a battery slot provided at the end of the warning box away from the sealing plate, evenly distributed sound holes opened on the outer wall of the warning box, and a warning light fixedly connected to the outer wall of the warning box.

[0010] The conduit is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner anchor rod, and the conduit is located between the inner anchor rod and the outer anchor rod;

[0011] Metal rods are symmetrically fixed to the inner wall of the injection hole, and the metal rods are electrically connected to the warning box. Insulating rods are fixedly connected between the symmetrical metal rods.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the length of the outer anchor rod and the inner anchor rod is 2-34M, the installation angle of the outer anchor rod and the inner anchor rod is 0-70°, the laying spacing of the outer anchor rod and the inner anchor rod is 1-8M, and the installation length-to-spacing ratio of the outer anchor rod and the inner anchor rod is 0-1:2-16.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of this application, a protective sleeve is slidably connected to the outer wall of the warning box, and the outer wall of the protective sleeve abuts against the outer wall of the sealing plate. A protective groove is provided on the inner wall of the protective sleeve, and the protective groove is slidably connected to the nut.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of this application, a drill bit is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the anchor rod, and a grout stop plug is also threadedly connected to the outer wall of the anchor rod.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the outer wall of the anchor rod is threaded with a pad, and the outer wall of the pad abuts against the outer wall of the sealing plate.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0017] In the scheme of this application:

[0018] 1. When the insulating rod comes into contact with water, the water adheres and is transmitted to the metal rod, forming a closed circuit. This transmits an electrical signal to the warning box, and through the control slot, the signal is transmitted to the warning light and sound device for a warning function. The warning box is externally mounted for easy disassembly and maintenance. The wiring is laid in the conduit between the outer and inner anchor rods, with the conduit laid in the same direction as the outer anchor rod's grain. Cement is poured through the injection hole to fill the gap between the outer and inner anchor rods, ensuring the structural stability of the outer anchor rod. This solves the problem in existing technologies where the electrical signal is only triggered when the expansion part comes into contact with water, which can easily miss and fail to detect fissure water, posing a safety hazard.

[0019] 2. By setting anchor bolts with different lengths and inclination angles, and varying the spacing and length-to-span ratio of the anchor bolts to adapt to different types of rock strata, more effective support can be provided, enhancing the overall structure's anti-sliding ability, ensuring safety during construction and subsequent use, and reducing unnecessary material waste, thereby lowering costs. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fracture water early warning anchor bolt for tunnel construction provided in this application;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the pad plate structure of the fracture water early warning anchor bolt for tunnel construction provided in this application;

[0022] Figure 3 Exploded view of the pad portion of the fissure water early warning anchor bolt for tunnel construction provided in this application;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the sound hole structure of the fracture water early warning anchor bolt for tunnel construction provided in this application;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the external anchor rod structure of the fracture water early warning anchor rod for tunnel construction provided in this application;

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the inner rod structure of the fracture water early warning anchor bolt for tunnel construction provided in this application;

[0026] Figure 7 Diagrams showing different parameters of the fracture water early warning anchor bolt for tunnel construction provided in this application;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the insulating rod portion of the fissure water early warning anchor bolt for tunnel construction provided in this application.

[0028] The image shows:

[0029] 1. Anchor rod; 2. Drill bit; 3. Grout stop plug; 4. Gasket; 5. Sealing plate; 6. Protective sleeve; 7. Warning box; 8. Protective groove; 9. Nut; 10. Control groove; 11. Battery groove; 12. Warning light; 13. Sound hole; 14. Anchor rod; 15. Grouting hole; 16. Conduit; 17. Metal rod; 18. Insulating rod. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model.

[0031] like Figure 1-8 As shown, this embodiment proposes a fissure water early warning anchor bolt for tunnel construction, including an outer anchor bolt 1, an inner anchor bolt 14 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer anchor bolt 1, a nut 9 threadedly connected to the outer wall of the outer anchor bolt 1, and uniformly distributed injection holes 15 on the outer walls of both the outer anchor bolt 1 and the inner anchor bolt 14. It also includes:

[0032] The external warning component includes a sealing plate 5 slidably connected to the outer wall of the nut 9, a warning box 7 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sealing plate 5, a control groove 10 provided on the top wall of the warning box 7, a battery groove 11 provided at the end of the warning box 7 away from the sealing plate 5, evenly distributed sound holes 13 opened on the outer wall of the warning box 7, and a warning light 12 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the warning box 7. The electrical signal is transmitted to the control board in the control groove 10, and the signal is transmitted to the warning light 12 and the warning sounding device (not shown in the figure) through the control board, thereby playing a warning role. The warning box 7 is an external device, which is convenient for subsequent replacement and maintenance.

[0033] The conduit 16 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner anchor rod 14, and the conduit 16 is located between the inner anchor rod 14 and the outer anchor rod 1.

[0034] Metal rods 17 are symmetrically fixed to the inner wall of the injection hole 15, and the metal rods 17 are electrically connected to the warning box 7. Insulating rods 18 are fixedly connected between the symmetrical metal rods 17. When the crack water flows into the insulating rods 18 or only stays on the metal rods 17, it will be drained through the insulating rods 18 and form a closed circuit.

[0035] like Figure 7As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the lengths of the outer anchor rod 1 and the inner anchor rod 14 are 2-34M, the installation angle of the outer anchor rod 1 and the inner anchor rod 14 is 0-70°, the laying spacing of the outer anchor rod 1 and the inner anchor rod 14 is 1-8M, and the length-to-spacing ratio of the outer anchor rod 1 and the inner anchor rod 14 is 0-1:2-16. By laying anchor rods of different lengths and inclination angles, as well as anchor rods of different spacings and length-to-spacing ratios, according to the rock stratum type, more effective support can be provided, enhancing the anti-slip ability of the overall structure, while reducing unnecessary material waste and thus lowering costs.

[0036] like Figure 2-3 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, a protective sleeve 6 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the warning box 7, and the outer wall of the protective sleeve 6 abuts against the outer wall of the sealing plate 5. A protective groove 8 is provided on the inner wall of the protective sleeve 6, and the protective groove 8 is slidably connected to the nut 9. The protective sleeve 6 limits the position of the warning box 7 and seals and protects the nut 9.

[0037] like Figure 1-2 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the outer wall of the anchor rod 1 is further threaded with a drill bit 2, and the outer wall of the anchor rod 1 is also threaded with a grout stop plug 3. During the grouting process, the grout stop plug 3 can effectively prevent the injected grout from flowing into the surrounding soil or rock, ensuring that the grouting material completely fills the anchor body and the hole.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the outer wall of the anchor rod 1 is further threaded with a pad 4, and the outer wall of the pad 4 abuts against the outer wall of the sealing plate 5. The pad 4 can evenly distribute the load applied by the anchor rod to a larger contact area, reduce stress concentration between the anchor rod and the foundation or soil, and improve the stability of the anchorage.

[0039] Specifically, when using the fissure water early warning anchor bolts in this tunnel construction: First, anchor bolts of different lengths and inclination angles, as well as anchor bolts of different spacings and length-to-spacing ratios, are laid according to the rock strata type. This facilitates more effective support, enhances the overall structure's anti-slip capability, and reduces unnecessary material waste, thereby lowering costs. After the required anchor bolts are determined, the drilling equipment drives the anchor bolts, consisting of the outer anchor bolt 1 and the inner anchor bolt 14, to rotate, which in turn drives the drill bit 2 to rotate, thus facilitating the self-advancing installation of the anchor bolts. Afterward, the grouting plug 3 is installed and special cement is injected. The special cement flows into the outer anchor bolt through the end of the outer anchor bolt 1 and the grouting hole 15. The connection between the outer rod 1 and the inner rod 14 is strengthened. Then, the pad 4, sealing plate 5, nut 9 and protective sleeve 6 are installed. At this time, the cable connected to the metal rod 17 is connected to the warning box 7. The cable is located inside the conduit 16 and is protected by the conduit 16. If crack water flows into the insulating rod 18 or only stays on the metal rod 17, it will be drained through the insulating rod 18 and form a closed circuit, thereby transmitting an electrical signal to the control board in the control slot 10. The control board then transmits the signal to the warning light 12 and the warning sound device (not shown in the figure), thus playing a warning role. The warning box 7 is an external device, which is convenient for subsequent replacement and maintenance.

[0040] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present utility model and are not intended to limit the technical solutions described in the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, the present utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Therefore, any modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present utility model, and all technical solutions and improvements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention, are covered within the scope of the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A fissure water early warning anchor bolt for tunnel construction, comprising an outer anchor bolt (1), characterized in that, An inner anchor rod (14) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer anchor rod (1), and a nut (9) is threaded onto the outer wall of the outer anchor rod (1). Both the outer anchor rod (1) and the inner anchor rod (14) have uniformly distributed injection holes (15) on their outer walls. The structure also includes: An external warning component includes a sealing plate (5) slidably connected to the outer wall of a nut (9), a warning box (7) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sealing plate (5), a control groove (10) provided on the top wall of the warning box (7), a battery groove (11) provided at one end of the warning box (7) away from the sealing plate (5), evenly distributed sound holes (13) opened on the outer wall of the warning box (7), and a warning light (12) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the warning box (7). The conduit (16) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner anchor rod (14), and the conduit (16) is located between the inner anchor rod (14) and the outer anchor rod (1); Metal rods (17) are symmetrically fixed to the inner wall of the injection hole (15), and the metal rods (17) are electrically connected to the warning box (7). Insulating rods (18) are fixedly connected between the symmetrical metal rods (17).

2. The fracture water early warning anchor bolt for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lengths of the outer anchor rod (1) and the inner anchor rod (14) are 2-34M, the installation angle of the outer anchor rod (1) and the inner anchor rod (14) is 0-70°, the laying spacing of the outer anchor rod (1) and the inner anchor rod (14) is 1-8M, and the installation length-to-spacing ratio of the outer anchor rod (1) and the inner anchor rod (14) is 0-1:2-16.

3. The fracture water early warning anchor bolt for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the warning box (7) is slidably connected to a protective sleeve (6), and the outer wall of the protective sleeve (6) abuts against the outer wall of the sealing plate (5). The inner wall of the protective sleeve (6) is provided with a protective groove (8), and the protective groove (8) is slidably connected to a nut (9).

4. The fracture water early warning anchor bolt for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the anchor rod (1) is threaded with a drill bit (2), and the outer wall of the anchor rod (1) is also threaded with a grout stop plug (3).

5. A fracture water early warning anchor bolt for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the anchor rod (1) is threaded with a pad (4), and the outer wall of the pad (4) abuts against the outer wall of the sealing plate (5).

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