Rock-soil loading device and rock-soil testing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rock-soil loading device and a rock-soil testing device, and relates to the technical field of rock-soil stress simulation, the rock-soil loading device comprises a loading head, a horizontal bearing frame, a vertical bearing frame, a rotary bearing frame, a horizontal driving device, a vertical driving device and a rotary driving device, the horizontal bearing frame is used for being fixedly arranged above a model box, and the vertical bearing frame is used for being fixedly arranged above the model box; the vertical bearing frame can move in the horizontal direction along the horizontal bearing frame, the rotary bearing frame can move in the vertical direction along the vertical bearing frame, the loading head is arranged on the rotary bearing frame, the loading head can rotate, and the loading head is used for making contact with a rock-soil sample in a model box. Rotating torque, horizontal test force and vertical test force are applied to the rock-soil sample; the horizontal driving device is arranged on the horizontal bearing frame, the vertical driving device is arranged on the vertical bearing frame, and the rotary driving device is arranged on the rotary bearing frame; according to the utility model, the stress movement condition of the rock-soil sample can be comprehensively and effectively simulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of soil and rock stress simulation technology, and in particular to a soil and rock loading device and a soil and rock testing device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, when simulating the stress state of soil and rock, such as seabed rock and soil and mud-sand mixtures, laboratory tests typically require dynamically changing and continuously applied test forces. At the same time, it is also necessary to apply a vertical rotational torque to the soil and rock sample to simulate the stress conditions of soil and rock structures under complex environments. Therefore, the stable and reliable application of rotational torque and horizontal and vertical bidirectional fatigue test forces is of great significance for soil and rock loading tests.

[0003] The loading devices used in geotechnical tests are usually unidirectional or static loading devices, and they can typically only be used for segmented uniform loading. Such loading devices can often only simulate one test condition. When encountering complex stress conditions, they can only be broken down into multiple specialized tests for simulation, and then the test data are integrated. The resulting data cannot truly reflect the actual situation and often has large errors, which greatly affects the reliability of the test data. Furthermore, it often requires multiple test personnel to operate on-site continuously for long periods of time, resulting in a waste of test personnel's labor and a significant reduction in test efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a soil loading device and a soil testing device to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to comprehensively and effectively simulate the stress and motion of soil samples.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following solution:

[0006] This utility model provides a soil and rock loading device, including a loading head, a horizontal support frame, a vertical support frame, a rotating support frame, a horizontal drive device, a vertical drive device, and a rotating drive device. The horizontal support frame is fixedly mounted above a model box. The bottom end of the vertical support frame is located on the horizontal support frame and can move horizontally along the horizontal support frame. The first end of the rotating support frame is located on the vertical support frame and can move vertically along the vertical support frame. The loading head is located on the rotating support frame and can rotate. The loading head is used to contact the soil and rock sample inside the model box and move towards the soil sample. A rotational torque, a horizontal test force, and a vertical test force are applied to the soil sample. The horizontal drive device is mounted on the horizontal support frame and is driven by the vertical support frame. The horizontal drive device provides power for the horizontal movement of the vertical support frame. The vertical drive device is mounted on the vertical support frame and is driven by the rotating support frame. The vertical drive device provides power for the vertical movement of the rotating support frame. The rotating drive device is mounted on the rotating support frame and is driven by the loading head. The rotating drive device provides power for the rotation of the loading head.

[0007] Preferably, the horizontal drive device includes a horizontal servo motor assembly and a horizontal linear transmission mechanism. The horizontal servo motor assembly is fixedly mounted on the horizontal support frame. The power output shaft of the horizontal servo motor assembly is drivenly connected to the power input end of the horizontal linear transmission mechanism. The power output end of the horizontal linear transmission mechanism is drivenly connected to the vertical support frame. Rotation of the power output shaft of the horizontal servo motor assembly can drive the vertical support frame to move horizontally. The vertical drive device includes a vertical servo motor assembly and a vertical linear transmission mechanism. The vertical servo motor assembly is fixedly mounted on the vertical support frame. The power output shaft of the vertical servo motor assembly is drivenly connected to the power input end of the vertical linear transmission mechanism. The power output end of the vertical linear transmission mechanism is drivenly connected to the rotating support frame. Rotation of the power output shaft of the vertical servo motor assembly can drive the rotating support frame to move vertically.

[0008] Preferably, the horizontal linear transmission mechanism includes a horizontal ball screw assembly, which includes a horizontal screw and a horizontal nut. The horizontal screw is horizontally mounted on the horizontal support frame and is rotatable. The horizontal nut is fixedly connected to the vertical support frame and is sleeved on the horizontal screw. The horizontal nut can move horizontally as the horizontal screw rotates. The power output shaft of the horizontal servo motor assembly is drively connected to the first end of the horizontal screw, and the rotation of the power output shaft of the horizontal servo motor assembly can drive the horizontal screw to rotate. The horizontal linear transmission mechanism also includes a first bearing and a second bearing. The outer ring of the first bearing is fixedly mounted on one end of the horizontal support frame, and the inner ring of the first bearing is fixedly sleeved on one end of the horizontal screw. The outer ring of the second bearing is fixedly mounted on the other end of the horizontal support frame, and the inner ring of the second bearing is fixedly sleeved on the other end of the horizontal screw.

[0009] Preferably, the vertical linear transmission mechanism includes a vertical ball screw assembly, which includes a vertical screw and a vertical nut. The vertical screw is vertically mounted on the vertical support frame and is rotatable. The vertical nut is fixedly connected to the rotating support frame and is sleeved on the vertical screw. The vertical nut can move vertically as the vertical screw rotates. The power output shaft of the vertical servo motor assembly is drively connected to the first end of the vertical screw, and the rotation of the power output shaft of the vertical servo motor assembly can drive the vertical screw to rotate. The vertical linear transmission mechanism also includes a third bearing and a fourth bearing. The outer ring of the third bearing is fixedly mounted on one end of the vertical support frame, and the inner ring of the third bearing is fixedly sleeved on one end of the vertical screw. The outer ring of the fourth bearing is fixedly mounted on the other end of the vertical support frame, and the inner ring of the fourth bearing is fixedly sleeved on the other end of the vertical screw.

[0010] Preferably, the vertical linear transmission mechanism further includes a vertical loading block, which is sleeved on the vertical lead screw, positioned below the vertical nut, fixedly connected to the vertical nut, and fixedly connected to the rotating support frame.

[0011] Preferably, the rotary drive device includes a rotary servo motor assembly and a fifth bearing. The rotary servo motor assembly is fixedly mounted on the rotary support frame. The power output shaft of the rotary servo motor assembly is connected to the loading head via a transmission connection. The rotation of the power output shaft of the rotary servo motor assembly can drive the loading head to rotate. The outer ring of the fifth bearing is fixedly mounted on the rotary support frame, and the inner ring of the fifth bearing is fixedly sleeved on the loading head.

[0012] Preferably, the system further includes a horizontal guide rail assembly and a vertical guide rail assembly. The horizontal guide rail assembly includes several horizontal linear guide rails, which are fixedly mounted on the horizontal support frame in the horizontal direction. Each horizontal linear guide rail has several horizontal sliders, which are fixedly connected to the vertical support frame. The vertical guide rail assembly includes several vertical linear guide rails, which are fixedly mounted on the vertical support frame in the vertical direction. Each vertical linear guide rail has several vertical sliders, which are fixedly connected to the rotating support frame.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the horizontal support frame is fixedly provided with a first constraint plate and a second constraint plate, the first constraint plate and the second constraint plate are parallel, the first constraint plate is used to be placed on the first side of the model box, the second constraint plate is used to be placed on the second side of the model box, a plurality of first threaded rods are threadedly connected to the first constraint plate, one end of each first threaded rod is used to press against the first side of the model box, and a plurality of second threaded rods are threadedly connected to the second constraint plate, one end of each second threaded rod is used to press against the second side of the model box.

[0014] Preferably, it further includes a horizontal load sensor, a vertical load sensor, and a torque sensor. The horizontal load sensor is connected between the horizontal drive device and the vertical support frame, the vertical load sensor is connected between the vertical drive device and the rotating support frame, and the torque sensor is connected between the rotating drive device and the loading head.

[0015] This utility model also provides a geotechnical testing device, including a model box and a geotechnical loading device as described above, wherein the model box is used to hold geotechnical samples.

[0016] The present invention achieves the following technical advantages over the prior art:

[0017] The geotechnical loading device and geotechnical testing device provided by this utility model are equipped with a loading head for contacting the geotechnical sample inside the model box. A rotary drive device drives the loading head to rotate, a vertical drive device drives the rotating support frame and loading head to move vertically, and a horizontal drive device drives the vertical support frame, rotating support frame, and loading head to move horizontally. In use, the vertical drive device can apply a vertical test force to achieve vertical fatigue cycle motion, the horizontal drive device can apply a horizontal test force to achieve horizontal fatigue cycle motion, and the rotary drive device can drive the loading head to rotate to apply rotational torque, thus enabling bidirectional fatigue loading in both the vertical and horizontal directions. It can also apply vertical force, horizontal force, and vertical rotational torque, which can comprehensively and effectively simulate the stress and motion of soil and rock samples and obtain relevant research data. It is especially suitable for simulating the stress and motion of seabed soil and rock. Furthermore, the application of vertical test force, horizontal test force, and rotational torque are relatively independent, which can effectively avoid mutual interference. Moreover, it can be flexibly matched with the actual loading method by arbitrary combination. Thus, the soil and rock loading device and soil and rock and rock testing device provided by this utility model can obtain relevant test data more accurately, ensuring the reliability and accuracy of the data, and effectively solving the problem faced by existing soil and rock tests that cannot more realistically simulate the actual stress state. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the soil and rock loading device provided by this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the soil and rock loading device provided by this utility model;

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Model box; 2. Third bearing; 3. Loading head; 4. First constraint plate; 5. First bearing; 6. Horizontal servo motor assembly; 7. Horizontal support frame; 8. Horizontal ball screw assembly; 9. Horizontal guide rail assembly; 10. Fifth bearing; 11. Coupling; 12. Torque sensor; 13. Rotary servo motor assembly; 14. Rotary support frame; 15. Vertical servo motor assembly; 16. Fourth bearing; 17. Vertical support frame; 18. Vertical ball screw assembly; 19. Vertical load sensor; 20. Vertical loading block; 21. Vertical guide rail assembly; 22. Horizontal load sensor; 23. Second bearing; 24. Second constraint plate; 25. First threaded rod; 26. Second threaded rod. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0023] The purpose of this invention is to provide a soil loading device and a soil testing device to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to comprehensively and effectively simulate the stress and motion of soil samples.

[0024] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] like Figures 1 to 2As shown, this embodiment provides a geotechnical loading device, including a loading head 3, a horizontal support frame 7, a vertical support frame 17, a rotating support frame 14, a horizontal drive device, a vertical drive device, and a rotating drive device. The horizontal support frame 7 is fixedly mounted above the model box 1. The bottom end of the vertical support frame 17 is mounted on the horizontal support frame 7, and the vertical support frame 17 can move horizontally along the horizontal support frame 7. The first end of the rotating support frame 14 is mounted on the vertical support frame 17, and the rotating support frame 14 can move vertically along the vertical support frame 17. The loading head 3 is mounted on the rotating support frame 14 and can rotate. The loading head 3 is used to load the model box. The soil and rock sample is brought into contact with the sample, and a rotational torque, a horizontal test force, and a vertical test force are applied to the sample. The horizontal drive device is mounted on the horizontal support frame 7 and is connected to the vertical support frame 17. The horizontal drive device provides power for the vertical support frame 17 to move in the horizontal direction. The vertical drive device is mounted on the vertical support frame 17 and is connected to the rotating support frame 14. The vertical drive device provides power for the rotating support frame 14 to move in the vertical direction. The rotating drive device is mounted on the rotating support frame 14 and is connected to the loading head 3. The rotating drive device provides power for the rotation of the loading head 3.

[0027] The soil and rock loading device provided in this embodiment is equipped with a loading head 3 for contacting the soil and rock sample inside the model box 1. A rotary drive device drives the loading head 3 to rotate, a vertical drive device drives the rotating support frame 14 and the loading head 3 to move vertically, and a horizontal drive device drives the vertical support frame 17, the rotating support frame 14, and the loading head 3 to move horizontally. In use, the vertical drive device can apply a vertical test force to achieve vertical fatigue cycle motion, the horizontal drive device can apply a horizontal test force to achieve horizontal fatigue cycle motion, and the rotary drive device can drive the loading head 3 to rotate to apply rotational torque, thus enabling loading in both vertical and horizontal directions. This device employs bidirectional fatigue loading and can simultaneously apply vertical force, horizontal force, and vertical rotational torque. It can comprehensively and effectively simulate the stress and motion of soil and rock samples and obtain relevant research data. It is particularly suitable for simulating the stress and motion of seabed soil and rock. Furthermore, the application of vertical test force, horizontal test force, and rotational torque is relatively independent, which can effectively avoid mutual interference. Moreover, it can be flexibly matched to the actual loading method by arbitrary combination. Therefore, the soil and rock loading device provided in this embodiment can obtain relevant test data more accurately, ensuring the reliability and accuracy of the data. It effectively solves the problem faced by existing soil and rock tests that cannot more realistically simulate the actual stress state.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, the rotary drive device can apply fatigue cycle test force, which can not only provide various common regular waveforms, but also allow users to import external data or program themselves, which can fully simulate the actual scenario and more realistically reflect the actual stress situation.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the horizontal drive device includes a horizontal servo motor assembly 6 and a horizontal linear transmission mechanism. The horizontal servo motor assembly 6 is fixedly mounted on the horizontal support frame 7. The power output shaft of the horizontal servo motor assembly 6 is connected to the power input end of the horizontal linear transmission mechanism, and the power output end of the horizontal linear transmission mechanism is connected to the vertical support frame 17. The rotation of the power output shaft of the horizontal servo motor assembly 6 can drive the vertical support frame 17 to move horizontally. The structure is simple and easy to use. The vertical drive device includes a vertical servo motor assembly 15 and a vertical linear transmission mechanism. The vertical servo motor assembly 15 is fixedly mounted on the vertical support frame 17. The power output shaft of the vertical servo motor assembly 15 is connected to the power input end of the vertical linear transmission mechanism, and the power output end of the vertical linear transmission mechanism is connected to the rotating support frame 14. The rotation of the power output shaft of the vertical servo motor assembly 15 can drive the rotating support frame 14 to move vertically. The structure is simple and easy to use.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the horizontal linear transmission mechanism includes a horizontal ball screw assembly 8, which comprises a horizontal screw and a horizontal nut. The horizontal screw is horizontally mounted on a horizontal support frame 7 and is rotatable. The horizontal nut is fixedly connected to a vertical support frame 17 and is sleeved on the horizontal screw. The horizontal nut can move horizontally as the horizontal screw rotates. The power output shaft of the horizontal servo motor assembly 6 is connected to the first end of the horizontal screw, and rotation of the power output shaft of the horizontal servo motor assembly 6 can drive the horizontal screw to rotate. It also includes a first bearing 5 and a second bearing 23. The outer ring of the first bearing 5 is fixedly mounted on one end of the horizontal support frame 7, and the inner ring of the first bearing 5 is fixedly mounted on one end of the horizontal lead screw. The outer ring of the second bearing 23 is fixedly mounted on the other end of the horizontal support frame 7, and the inner ring of the second bearing 23 is fixedly mounted on the other end of the horizontal lead screw, which facilitates manufacturing and use. It should be noted that the horizontal ball screw assembly 8 can use existing conventional ball screw module products or ball screw transmission mechanism products. In actual manufacturing, finished products can be purchased directly, which can improve the assembly efficiency of the geotechnical loading device provided in this embodiment.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the vertical linear transmission mechanism includes a vertical ball screw assembly 18, which comprises a vertical screw and a vertical nut. The vertical screw is vertically mounted on a vertical support frame 17 and is rotatable. The vertical nut is fixedly connected to a rotating support frame 14 and is sleeved on the vertical screw. The vertical nut can move vertically as the vertical screw rotates. The power output shaft of the vertical servo motor assembly 15 is connected to the first end of the vertical screw, and rotation of the power output shaft of the vertical servo motor assembly 15 can drive the vertical screw to rotate. The structure also includes a third bearing 2 and a fourth bearing 16. The outer ring of the third bearing 2 is fixedly mounted on one end of the vertical support frame 17, and the inner ring of the third bearing 2 is fixedly mounted on one end of the vertical lead screw. The outer ring of the fourth bearing 16 is fixedly mounted on the other end of the vertical support frame 17, and the inner ring of the fourth bearing 16 is fixedly mounted on the other end of the vertical lead screw, which facilitates manufacturing and use. It should be noted that the vertical ball screw assembly 18 can use existing conventional ball screw module products or ball screw transmission mechanism products. In actual manufacturing, finished products can be purchased directly, which can improve the assembly efficiency of the geotechnical loading device provided in this embodiment.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, the vertical linear transmission mechanism further includes a vertical loading block 20, which is sleeved on the vertical lead screw and positioned below the vertical nut. The vertical loading block 20 is fixedly connected to the vertical nut and to the rotating bearing frame 14, so as to facilitate connection and installation, and to facilitate the application of vertical test force to the soil and rock sample.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, the rotary drive device includes a rotary servo motor assembly 13 and a fifth bearing 10. The rotary servo motor assembly 13 is fixedly mounted on the rotary support frame 14. The power output shaft of the rotary servo motor assembly 13 is connected to the loading head 3 via a transmission connection. The rotation of the power output shaft of the rotary servo motor assembly 13 can drive the loading head 3 to rotate. The outer ring of the fifth bearing 10 is fixedly mounted on the rotary support frame 14, and the inner ring of the fifth bearing 10 is fixedly sleeved on the loading head 3. The structure is simple and easy to use.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, the soil and rock loading device provided in this embodiment further includes a horizontal guide rail group 9 and a vertical guide rail group 21. The horizontal guide rail group 9 includes several horizontal linear guide rails, which are fixedly mounted on the horizontal support frame 7 in the horizontal direction. Several horizontal sliders are provided on the horizontal linear guide rails, and the horizontal sliders are fixedly connected to the vertical support frame 17 to improve the stability of the vertical support frame 17 in the horizontal direction. The vertical guide rail group 21 includes several vertical linear guide rails, which are fixedly mounted on the vertical support frame 17 in the vertical direction. Several vertical sliders are provided on the vertical linear guide rails, and the vertical sliders are fixedly connected to the rotating support frame 14 to improve the stability of the rotating support frame 14 in the vertical direction.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, the vertical slider is directly fixedly connected to the vertical loading block 20, and the vertical loading block 20 is directly fixedly connected to the rotating support frame 14. This enables an indirect fixed connection between the vertical slider and the rotating support frame 14, facilitating installation or disassembly.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, the horizontal guide rail group 9 includes four horizontal linear guide rails, each with two horizontal sliders; the vertical guide rail group 21 includes two vertical linear guide rails, each with a vertical slider, which facilitates manufacturing and use.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, a first constraint plate 4 and a second constraint plate 24 are fixedly provided at the bottom of the horizontal support frame 7. The first constraint plate 4 and the second constraint plate 24 are parallel. The first constraint plate 4 is placed on the first side of the model box 1, and the second constraint plate 24 is placed on the second side of the model box 1. A plurality of first threaded rods 25 are threadedly connected to the first constraint plate 4, and one end of each first threaded rod 25 is used to press against the first side of the model box 1. A plurality of second threaded rods 26 are threadedly connected to the second constraint plate 24, and one end of each second threaded rod 26 is used to press against the model box 1. On the second side, the horizontal support frame 7 can be effectively constrained on the model box 1, preventing the horizontal support frame 7 from moving during fatigue loading. At the same time, it is easy to adapt to model boxes 1 of different sizes and structures, solving the problem of needing to customize new test devices for model boxes 1 of different sizes, greatly saving costs, and is easy to install and disassemble. It should be noted that during fatigue loading tests, long-term fatigue loading will cause the first threaded rod 25 and the second threaded rod 26 to loosen, so it is necessary to tighten the first threaded rod 25 and the second threaded rod 26 regularly to ensure the accuracy of the test data.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, the soil and rock loading device provided in this invention further includes a horizontal load sensor 22, a vertical load sensor 19, and a torque sensor 12. The horizontal load sensor 22 is connected between the horizontal drive device and the vertical support frame 17, the vertical load sensor 19 is connected between the vertical drive device and the rotating support frame 14, and the torque sensor 12 is connected between the rotating drive device and the loading head 3, so as to realize synchronous data acquisition and transmit the actual data during the test to the data acquisition instrument.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the torque sensor 12 is disposed between the power output shaft of the rotary servo motor assembly 13 and the loading head 3. The top end of the torque sensor 12 is fixedly connected to the power output shaft of the rotary servo motor assembly 13 via a coupling 11, and the bottom end of the torque sensor 12 is fixedly connected to the loading head 3 via another coupling 11. The horizontal load sensor 22 is fixedly connected to the horizontal nut and the vertical support frame 17. The vertical load sensor 19 is fixedly connected to the vertical nut and the vertical loading block 20.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] This embodiment provides a geotechnical testing device, including a model box 1 and the geotechnical loading device in Embodiment 1. The model box 1 is used to hold geotechnical samples.

[0042] The geotechnical testing apparatus provided in this embodiment is equipped with a loading head 3 for contacting the geotechnical sample inside the model box 1. A rotary drive device drives the loading head 3 to rotate, a vertical drive device drives the rotating support frame 14 and the loading head 3 to move vertically, and a horizontal drive device drives the vertical support frame 17, the rotating support frame 14, and the loading head 3 to move horizontally. In use, the vertical drive device can apply a vertical test force to achieve vertical fatigue cycle motion, the horizontal drive device can apply a horizontal test force to achieve horizontal fatigue cycle motion, and the rotary drive device can drive the loading head 3 to rotate to apply rotational torque, thereby enabling testing in both vertical and horizontal directions. The device employs bidirectional fatigue loading and can simultaneously apply vertical force, horizontal force, and vertical rotational torque. This allows for a comprehensive and effective simulation of the stress and motion of soil and rock samples, yielding relevant research data. It is particularly suitable for simulating the stress and motion of seabed soil and rock. Furthermore, the application of vertical test force, horizontal test force, and rotational torque are relatively independent, effectively avoiding mutual interference. Moreover, it can be flexibly combined to match the actual loading method required. As a result, the soil and rock testing device provided in this embodiment can obtain relevant test data more accurately, ensuring the reliability and accuracy of the data. This effectively solves the problem faced by existing soil and rock testing methods, which cannot realistically simulate the actual stress state.

[0043] This utility model uses specific examples to illustrate its principles and implementation methods. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the idea of ​​this utility model. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. A soil and rock loading device, characterized in that: The system includes a loading head, a horizontal support frame, a vertical support frame, a rotating support frame, a horizontal drive device, a vertical drive device, and a rotating drive device. The horizontal support frame is fixedly mounted above the model box. The bottom end of the vertical support frame is located on the horizontal support frame, and the vertical support frame is movable horizontally along the horizontal support frame. The first end of the rotating support frame is located on the vertical support frame, and the rotating support frame is movable vertically along the vertical support frame. The loading head is located on the rotating support frame and is rotatable. The loading head is used to contact the soil and rock sample inside the model box and apply rotational torque to the soil and rock sample. The test includes a moment, a horizontal test force, and a vertical test force; the horizontal drive device is mounted on the horizontal support frame and is connected to the vertical support frame, providing power for the horizontal movement of the vertical support frame; the vertical drive device is mounted on the vertical support frame and is connected to the rotating support frame, providing power for the vertical movement of the rotating support frame; the rotary drive device is mounted on the rotary support frame and is connected to the loading head, providing power for the rotation of the loading head.

2. The soil and rock loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal drive device includes a horizontal servo motor assembly and a horizontal linear transmission mechanism. The horizontal servo motor assembly is fixedly mounted on the horizontal support frame. The power output shaft of the horizontal servo motor assembly is connected to the power input end of the horizontal linear transmission mechanism. The power output end of the horizontal linear transmission mechanism is connected to the vertical support frame. Rotation of the power output shaft of the horizontal servo motor assembly can drive the vertical support frame to move horizontally. The vertical drive device includes a vertical servo motor assembly and a vertical linear transmission mechanism. The vertical servo motor assembly is fixedly mounted on the vertical support frame. The power output shaft of the vertical servo motor assembly is connected to the power input end of the vertical linear transmission mechanism. The power output end of the vertical linear transmission mechanism is connected to the rotating support frame. Rotation of the power output shaft of the vertical servo motor assembly can drive the rotating support frame to move vertically.

3. The soil and rock loading device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The horizontal linear transmission mechanism includes a horizontal ball screw assembly, which includes a horizontal screw and a horizontal nut. The horizontal screw is horizontally mounted on the horizontal support frame and is rotatable. The horizontal nut is fixedly connected to the vertical support frame and is sleeved on the horizontal screw. The horizontal nut can move horizontally as the horizontal screw rotates. The power output shaft of the horizontal servo motor assembly is drively connected to the first end of the horizontal screw, and the rotation of the power output shaft of the horizontal servo motor assembly can drive the horizontal screw to rotate. The horizontal linear transmission mechanism also includes a first bearing and a second bearing. The outer ring of the first bearing is fixedly mounted on one end of the horizontal support frame, and the inner ring of the first bearing is fixedly sleeved on one end of the horizontal screw. The outer ring of the second bearing is fixedly mounted on the other end of the horizontal support frame, and the inner ring of the second bearing is fixedly sleeved on the other end of the horizontal screw.

4. The soil and rock loading device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vertical linear transmission mechanism includes a vertical ball screw assembly, which includes a vertical screw and a vertical nut. The vertical screw is vertically mounted on the vertical support frame and is rotatable. The vertical nut is fixedly connected to the rotating support frame and is sleeved on the vertical screw. The vertical nut can move vertically as the vertical screw rotates. The power output shaft of the vertical servo motor assembly is drively connected to the first end of the vertical screw. Rotation of the power output shaft of the vertical servo motor assembly can drive the vertical screw to rotate. The vertical linear transmission mechanism also includes a third bearing and a fourth bearing. The outer ring of the third bearing is fixedly mounted on one end of the vertical support frame, and the inner ring of the third bearing is fixedly sleeved on one end of the vertical screw. The outer ring of the fourth bearing is fixedly mounted on the other end of the vertical support frame, and the inner ring of the fourth bearing is fixedly sleeved on the other end of the vertical screw.

5. The soil and rock loading device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vertical linear transmission mechanism also includes a vertical loading block, which is sleeved on the vertical lead screw and positioned below the vertical nut. The vertical loading block is fixedly connected to the vertical nut and to the rotating support frame.

6. The soil and rock loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary drive device includes a rotary servo motor assembly and a fifth bearing. The rotary servo motor assembly is fixedly mounted on the rotary support frame. The power output shaft of the rotary servo motor assembly is connected to the loading head. The rotation of the power output shaft of the rotary servo motor assembly can drive the loading head to rotate. The outer ring of the fifth bearing is fixedly mounted on the rotary support frame, and the inner ring of the fifth bearing is fixedly sleeved on the loading head.

7. The soil and rock loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a horizontal guide rail assembly and a vertical guide rail assembly. The horizontal guide rail assembly includes several horizontal linear guide rails, which are fixedly mounted on the horizontal support frame in the horizontal direction. Several horizontal sliders are provided on the horizontal linear guide rails, and the horizontal sliders are fixedly connected to the vertical support frame. The vertical guide rail assembly includes several vertical linear guide rails, which are fixedly mounted on the vertical support frame in the vertical direction. Several vertical sliders are provided on the vertical linear guide rails, and the vertical sliders are fixedly connected to the rotating support frame.

8. The soil and rock loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the horizontal support frame is fixedly provided with a first constraint plate and a second constraint plate. The first constraint plate is parallel to the second constraint plate. The first constraint plate is used to be placed on the first side of the model box, and the second constraint plate is used to be placed on the second side of the model box. A plurality of first threaded rods are threadedly connected to the first constraint plate, and one end of each first threaded rod is used to press against the first side of the model box. A plurality of second threaded rods are threadedly connected to the second constraint plate, and one end of each second threaded rod is used to press against the second side of the model box.

9. The soil and rock loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a horizontal load sensor, a vertical load sensor, and a torque sensor. The horizontal load sensor is connected between the horizontal drive device and the vertical support frame. The vertical load sensor is connected between the vertical drive device and the rotating support frame. The torque sensor is connected between the rotating drive device and the loading head.

10. A geotechnical testing apparatus, characterized in that: It includes a model box and a soil loading device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the model box is used to contain soil samples.

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