Motorized spindle convenient for replacing cutter

Abstract

The utility model provides an electric spindle convenient to replace a cutter, which belongs to the field of machine tool spindles and comprises a spindle, a first mounting seat, a second mounting seat and a piston, the spindle is a hollow shaft, a clamping mechanism is mounted at the hollow position inside the spindle, a stator and a rotor are mounted on the periphery of the spindle, and the rotor is positioned between the stator and the spindle. According to the utility model, operators can quickly and easily disassemble and assemble the cutter, so that the downtime of equipment is greatly reduced, the production efficiency is remarkably improved, and enterprises can finish more orders and increase the output within the same time, thereby reducing the production cost of unit products, reducing the requirement on the skill level of the operators and improving the production efficiency. According to the electric spindle, uniform and stable lubricating oil films can be ensured to be formed among moving parts, direct contact and friction among the parts are effectively reduced, and the parts in the electric spindle can be prevented from being damaged due to overheating and abrasion, so that the service life of equipment is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machine tool spindles, and more specifically, to an electric spindle that facilitates tool replacement. Background Technology

[0002] The integrated transmission structure of the spindle motor and machine tool spindle makes the spindle component relatively independent from the machine tool's transmission system and overall structure, thus allowing it to be made into a "spindle unit," commonly known as an "electric spindle." This electric spindle is used in machining centers, and its main function is to drive the tool to rotate, thereby machining the workpiece.

[0003] Chinese patent CN218425638U discloses an asynchronous electric spindle for machine tools, which includes a cylindrical base, a stator pressed into the base, and a rotor disposed within the stator. The rotor includes a hollow rotor shaft, and the stator includes a stator core fixed to the base and windings disposed on the stator core. Both ends of the base are fixed with sheaths made of insulating material, and the axes of the sheaths and the base are parallel. The stator is located between the two sheaths, and annular grooves coaxial with the sheaths are formed on adjacent sides of the two sheaths. Each annular groove consists of two annularly closed sidewalls, a bottom wall between the two sidewalls. The two ends of the windings are inserted into the two annular grooves, and at least one annular groove has a through hole for the winding cable to pass through on its bottom wall. This asynchronous electric spindle for machine tools has high safety, but it still has the following drawbacks:

[0004] Traditional electric spindles often require complex procedures for tool changing, involving the disassembly and installation of multiple components, which consumes a significant amount of time and manpower. This not only reduces production efficiency and increases production costs, but also may lead to damage to spindle components due to improper operation, affecting its service life and machining accuracy. Furthermore, its internal lubrication is not ideal, which can easily lead to internal temperature rise and deformation. Therefore, an electric spindle that facilitates tool changing is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems of traditional electric spindles, which consume a lot of time and manpower when changing tools, and whose internal lubrication is not ideal, which can easily lead to internal temperature rise and deformation.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] The present invention is as follows: an electric spindle for easy tool replacement, comprising a spindle, a first mounting base, a second mounting base and a piston, wherein the spindle is a hollow shaft, a clamping mechanism is installed in the hollow part of the spindle, and a stator and a rotor are installed on the periphery of the spindle, with the rotor located between the stator and the spindle;

[0008] The clamping mechanism includes a pull rod disposed inside the spindle. A connector is threaded onto the bottom end of the pull rod. Both the pull rod and the connector have a first flow channel, and an oil outlet is provided at the connection between the pull rod and the connector. When changing tools, the first flow channel and the oil outlet serve as pathways for hydraulic oil flow. As hydraulic oil passes through, it is discharged from the oil outlet, thus lubricating and cooling the clamping mechanism and the spindle, thereby extending the service life of the clamping mechanism.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the clamping mechanism further includes a push-pull head threadedly installed at the bottom end of the connector, and a chuck is installed at the bottom of the push-pull head.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, a spring plate assembly is provided between the pull rod and the inner wall of the spindle. The spring plate assembly is formed by multiple spring plates stacked together. Under normal conditions, the spring plate assembly always applies an upward preload to the pull rod, so that the chuck clamps the tool.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the center of the piston is connected to a second flow channel, and a block is installed on the top of the second mounting seat. Oil passage one and oil passage two are respectively opened on the block and the second mounting seat.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, a stator conductor is installed on the second mounting base.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the clamp is a four-lobed type, and the upper end of the clamp is held to the lower end of the push-pull head by an elastic ring.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the output end of the spindle is used to connect to a cutting tool or a cutting tool holder, and the spindle is rotatably connected to the first mounting base and the second mounting base through a front bearing and a rear bearing, respectively.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0016] 1. Operators can quickly and easily disassemble and install the cutting tools, which greatly reduces equipment downtime, significantly improves production efficiency, and enables companies to complete more orders in the same amount of time, increase output, thereby reducing the production cost per unit product and reducing the skill level requirements for operators;

[0017] 2. It can ensure that a uniform and stable lubricating oil film is formed between various moving parts, effectively reducing direct contact and friction between parts, preventing damage to internal components of the electric spindle due to overheating and wear, thereby extending the service life of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the tie rod and connector of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the central part of the structure;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the push-pull head and clamp structure of this utility model.

[0023] The diagram shows: 1. Spindle; 2. First mounting base; 3. Second mounting base; 4. Piston; 5. Clamping mechanism; 6. Stator; 7. Rotor; 501. Tie rod; 502. Connector; 503. First flow channel; 504. Oil outlet; 505. Push-pull head; 506. Chuck; 8. Spring assembly; 9. Second flow channel; 10. Block; 11. Oil passage one; 12. Oil passage two; 13. Stator conductor. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model.

[0025] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this utility model is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed utility model, but merely to illustrate some embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0026] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features and technical solutions in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0027] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0028] like Figures 1-5As shown, this embodiment proposes an electric spindle 1 that facilitates tool replacement, including a spindle 1, a first mounting base 2, a second mounting base 3 and a piston 4. The spindle 1 is a hollow shaft, and a clamping mechanism 5 is installed in the hollow part of the spindle 1. At the same time, a stator 6 and a rotor 7 are installed on the periphery of the spindle 1, and the rotor 7 is located between the stator 6 and the spindle 1.

[0029] The clamping mechanism 5 includes a pull rod 501 disposed inside the spindle 1. A connector 502 is threaded onto the bottom end of the pull rod 501. Both the pull rod 501 and the connector 502 are internally connected and have a first flow channel 503. An oil outlet 504 is provided at the connection point between the pull rod 501 and the connector 502. When changing tools, the first flow channel 503 and the oil outlet 504 serve as the path for oil flow. When hydraulic oil passes through, it is discharged from the oil outlet 504, thus lubricating and cooling the clamping mechanism 5 and the spindle 1, thereby improving the service life of the clamping mechanism 5.

[0030] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the clamping mechanism 5 further includes a push-pull head 505 threadedly installed at the bottom of the connector 502, and a chuck 506 is installed at the bottom of the push-pull head 505. During the tool release phase, the lower end of the pull rod 501 is tightly connected to the push-pull head 505. When the pull rod 501 moves downward, it will simultaneously push the push-pull head 505 downward. The downward movement of the push-pull head 505 will further push the chuck 506 downward. The internal structure of the chuck 506 is deformed by external force, causing the lower end of the chuck 506 to gradually open. At this point, the clamping force between the tool and the collet 506, which was originally clamped by the collet 506, disappears, and the tool can be easily removed from the collet 506. When installing the tool, the upward movement of the pull rod 501 will cause the connector 502, the push-pull head 505 and the collet 506 connected to it to move upward as a whole. During the upward movement, the internal structure of the collet 506 gradually recovers its deformation, and the lower end of the collet 506 gradually contracts, thereby applying a clamping force to the ball head at the upper end of the new tool inserted into it.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, a spring assembly 8 is further provided between the pull rod 501 and the inner wall of the spindle 1. The spring assembly 8 is formed by stacking multiple springs. Under normal conditions, the spring assembly 8 always applies an upward preload to the pull rod 501, so that the chuck 506 clamps the tool.

[0032] like Figure 2As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the piston 4 is further provided with a second flow channel 9 at its center, a block 10 is mounted on the top of the second mounting base 3, an oil passage 11 is provided on the block 10, and an oil passage 12 is provided on the second mounting base 3. When changing tools, the oil passage 11 and the oil passage 12 are used as oil inlet drives.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, furthermore, a stator wire 13 is installed on the second mounting base 3, and the stator wire 13 is electrically connected to the stator 6. After the stator 6 is energized, it can drive the rotor 7, the spindle 1, the tie rod 501, and the tool to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the tool.

[0034] like Figure 5 As shown, the chuck 506 is an independent four-lobed type. The upper end of the chuck 506 is clamped to the lower end of the push-pull head 505 by an elastic ring, while the lower end of the chuck 506 is in a free state. The outer wall of the lower end of the chuck 506 is controlled by the arc surface of the inner wall of the spindle 1. When the push-pull head 505 moves downward, the lower end of the chuck 506 loses the restriction of the arc surface of the inner wall of the spindle 1, and the elastic ring can press the inclined surface of the inner wall of the upper end of the chuck 506 against the outer wall of the lower end of the push-pull head 505, so that the lower end of the chuck 506 is in an open state. After the push-pull head 505 moves upward, the lower end of the chuck 506 is closed by the inner wall of the spindle 1, and the inclined surface of the inner wall of the upper end of the chuck 506 is inclined relative to the outer wall of the push-pull head 505, that is, the upper end of the chuck 506 is in an open state, and the elastic ring is supported by the upper end of the chuck 506.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the output end of the spindle 1 is used to connect a tool or a tool holder. The spindle 1 is rotatably connected to the first mounting base 2 and the second mounting base 3 through the front bearing and the rear bearing, respectively.

[0036] In operation: The power transmission of the electric spindle 1 mainly relies on the coordinated movement between the rotor 7, stator 6, spindle 1, connecting rod 501, and the cutting tool. When the cutting tool needs to be changed, the hydraulic circuit system of the electric spindle 1 must first be operated. Specifically, oil is supplied to oil passage 11, and oil is discharged from oil passage 12. Under the action of the hydraulic system, hydraulic oil enters the corresponding oil chamber from oil passage 11, pushing the piston 4 downward. As the actuator in the hydraulic system, the piston 4 exerts a downward force on the connecting rod 501 during its downward movement. After being subjected to the downward force of the piston 4, the connecting rod 501 needs to overcome the upward preload force applied to its convex ring by the spring assembly 8. As piston 4 continues to move downward, piston 4 contacts the top of pull rod 501. The first flow channel 503 and oil outlet 504 serve as the path for oil flow. When hydraulic oil passes through, it will be discharged from oil outlet 504, and then lubricate and cool the clamping mechanism 5 and the main shaft 1, thereby improving the service life of clamping mechanism 5. At the same time, pull rod 501 gradually overcomes the preload and moves downward.

[0037] The lower end of the pull rod 501 is tightly connected to the push-pull head 505. When the pull rod 501 moves downward, it simultaneously pushes the push-pull head 505 downward. There is a specific mechanical connection between the push-pull head 505 and the chuck 506. The downward movement of the push-pull head 505 further pushes the chuck 506 downward. Due to the special elastic clamping structure at the lower end of the chuck 506, the internal structure of the chuck 506 deforms under external force during the downward movement, causing the lower end of the chuck 506 to gradually open. At this time, the clamping force between the tool originally clamped by the chuck 506 and the chuck 506 disappears, and the tool can be easily removed from the chuck 506, preparing for the replacement of a new tool. After successfully removing the old tool, the upper end of the new tool is inserted into the chuck 506. At this time, the hydraulic circuit system needs to be reversed, that is, oil outlet from oil passage 11 and oil inlet from oil passage 12. Under the action of the hydraulic system, hydraulic oil enters the corresponding oil chamber from oil passage 12, pushing piston 4 upward. As piston 4 moves upward, the upper end of pull rod 501 gradually loses the limiting effect of piston 4. At this time, the elastic potential energy stored in the previously compressed spring assembly 8 begins to be released, and the preload of spring assembly 8 pushes pull rod 501 upward. The upward movement of pull rod 501 will drive the connected joint 502, push-pull head 505, and chuck 506 to move upward as a whole. During the upward movement of chuck 506, its internal structure gradually recovers its deformation, and the lower end of chuck 506 gradually contracts, thereby applying a clamping force to the ball end of the new tool inserted therein. When chuck 506 fully clamps the ball end of the new tool, the new tool is firmly fixed on the electric spindle 1, and the tool changing process is completed. At this time, electric spindle 1 can return to normal working state and drive the new tool to process the workpiece.

[0038] All technical features in this embodiment can be freely combined according to actual needs.

[0039] The above embodiments are preferred implementations of this utility model. In addition, this utility model can also be implemented in other ways. Any obvious substitutions without departing from the concept of this technical solution are within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An electric spindle for easy tool changing, comprising a spindle (1), a first mounting base (2), a second mounting base (3), and a piston (4), characterized in that, The main shaft (1) is a hollow shaft. A clamping mechanism (5) is installed in the hollow part of the main shaft (1). At the same time, a stator (6) and a rotor (7) are installed on the periphery of the main shaft (1). The rotor (7) is located between the stator (6) and the main shaft (1). The clamping mechanism (5) includes a pull rod (501) disposed inside the main shaft (1). The bottom end of the pull rod (501) is threaded with a connector (502). The pull rod (501) and the connector (502) are connected internally and have a first flow channel (503). At the same time, an oil outlet (504) is provided at the connection between the pull rod (501) and the connector.

2. The electric spindle for easy tool replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism (5) further includes a push-pull head (505) threaded onto the bottom of the connector (502), and a chuck (506) is installed on the bottom of the push-pull head (505).

3. An electric spindle for easy tool replacement according to claim 2, characterized in that, A spring assembly (8) is provided between the pull rod (501) and the inner wall of the spindle (1). The spring assembly (8) is formed by multiple springs stacked together. Under normal conditions, the spring assembly (8) always applies an upward preload to the pull rod (501), so that the chuck (506) clamps the tool.

4. An electric spindle for easy tool replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston (4) is connected to the center of the second flow channel (9), and the top of the second mounting seat (3) is equipped with a block (10). The block (10) and the second mounting seat (3) are respectively provided with oil passage one (11) and oil passage two (12).

5. An electric spindle for easy tool replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second mounting base (3) is equipped with stator conductors (13).

6. An electric spindle for easy tool replacement according to claim 2, characterized in that, The clamp (506) is a four-lobed type, and the upper end of the clamp (506) is clamped to the lower end of the push-pull head (505) by an elastic ring.

7. An electric spindle for easy tool replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output end of the spindle (1) is used to connect a cutting tool or a cutting tool holder. The spindle (1) is rotatably connected to the first mounting base (2) and the second mounting base (3) through the front bearing and the rear bearing, respectively.

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