Novel charging structure for graphitization furnace

Abstract

The novel charging structure comprises a furnace bottom and furnace walls on the two sides, a layer of furnace bottom carbon black is laid on the furnace bottom of the graphitization furnace, and a furnace core area is installed in the center of the furnace bottom carbon black. A layer of graphite felt, a layer of carbon felt and a layer of aluminum silicate are sequentially filled on the furnace bottom carbon black and between the two sides of the furnace core area and the furnace walls on the two sides from inside to outside, a heat preservation wall is formed by the layer of graphite felt, the layer of carbon felt and the layer of aluminum silicate, and a resistance material and an upper heat preservation material are sequentially laid above the furnace core area and the heat preservation wall from bottom to top. Vent holes are formed in the upper portion of the furnace core area. The aluminum silicate, the carbon felt and the graphite felt are sequentially adopted in the area from the furnace wall to the furnace core to replace side face heat preservation material powder, the graphite felt is close to the crucible wall or the box plate wall, the heat insulation performance is good, the graphite felt is resistant to high temperature, the aluminum silicate is close to the furnace wall, the carbon felt is arranged between the aluminum silicate and the graphite felt, and the aluminum silicate, the carbon felt and the graphite felt jointly form a heat preservation wall. And a heat preservation effect is achieved on the graphitization furnace.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of furnace loading structure for graphitization furnaces, and more particularly to a novel furnace loading structure for graphitization furnaces. Background Technology

[0002] Crucible furnaces and box furnaces are the mainstream forms of existing graphitization furnaces. Whether it's a crucible furnace or a box furnace...

[0003] The existing furnace loading structure for graphitization furnaces is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the graphitization furnace includes a furnace bottom 1 and two side furnace walls 2. A layer of furnace bottom carbon black 3 is laid on the furnace bottom, with the thickness of the furnace bottom carbon black layer being equal to the lower edge of the graphitization furnace electrode wall. The furnace bottom carbon black layer is also called insulating carbon black, and the carbon black layer should be flattened and compacted using tools (such as vibrators). On the compacted furnace bottom carbon black layer, a crucible or box plate is installed, and then the negative electrode powder raw material is filled inside the crucible or box plate. The crucible or box plate area is referred to as the furnace core area 4, and the temperature of this area is ≥3000℃. Insulating material 5 is filled between the two sides of the furnace core area and the two side furnace walls, and resistance material is filled at the furnace head and tail. Upper insulating material 7 and resistance material 6 are laid on top of the furnace core area and the insulating material, and ventilation holes 8 are set in the upper part of the furnace core area.

[0004] The existing furnace loading structure for graphitization furnaces has the following proportions of various powder materials inside the furnace: resistance material accounts for about 5%, negative electrode powder raw material accounts for about 10%, furnace bottom carbon black accounts for about 25%, and insulation material accounts for about 60%.

[0005] The above-mentioned furnace loading structure for graphitization furnaces has the following defects: 1. It uses the most insulation material, which is the most consumed powder material in graphitization furnace production, approximately six times or more the amount of raw materials. 2. The insulation material has high sulfur and ash content. To reduce the production cost of graphitization furnaces, the existing insulation material has a sulfur content of ≥2.5%, leading to increased environmental protection costs, especially desulfurization costs. 3. It suffers severe burn-off. The side insulation material, especially the insulation material close to the crucible wall or box plate wall, suffers severe burn-off after being exposed to the furnace core's temperature of 3000℃, requiring regular replacement. 4. It affects the service life of the furnace wall. The side insulation material is located between the ultra-high temperature section of the furnace core and the furnace wall. High-temperature heat is transferred from the furnace core area to the furnace wall mainly through heat conduction. The insulation effect of the insulation material directly affects the service life of the furnace wall. 5. The loading of side insulation material into the furnace is complex. Whether in a crucible furnace or a box furnace, the current loading operation requires the use of a furnace core plate (i.e., a steel plate slipform). The positioning of the furnace core plate requires manual layout, making the installation process quite complicated. 6. The insulation material is a powder. Current cooling processes only allow for vertical stratified cooling from top to bottom. Horizontal stratified cooling from the furnace wall to the furnace core is not possible with existing powder insulation materials. 7. Side insulation material is loaded using a suction crane, which is temperature-dependent. It can only operate safely when the insulation material temperature is ≤400℃. Utility Model Content

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model designs a novel furnace loading structure for graphitization furnaces.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A novel furnace loading structure for a graphitization furnace includes a furnace bottom and two side furnace walls. The furnace bottom is covered with a layer of bottom carbon black, and a furnace core area is installed in the center of the bottom carbon black. On the bottom carbon black, a layer of graphite felt, a layer of carbon felt, and a layer of aluminum silicate are sequentially filled from the inside out on both sides of the furnace core area and between the two side furnace walls. The layer of graphite felt, the layer of carbon felt, and the layer of aluminum silicate form an insulation wall. Resistance material and upper insulation material are sequentially laid from bottom to top above the furnace core area and the insulation wall. Ventilation holes are provided in the upper part of the furnace core area.

[0009] Preferably, the furnace head and tail of the furnace core area are filled with resistive material.

[0010] Preferably, the graphite felt, carbon felt, and aluminum silicate are integrally formed components in the form of plates, namely graphite felt components, carbon felt components, and aluminum silicate components.

[0011] Preferably, the graphite felt accessories, carbon felt accessories, and aluminum silicate accessories are provided with lifting ports for lifting via carbon ropes or graphite ropes made of high-temperature resistant materials.

[0012] Preferably, the thickness of the carbon black layer at the bottom of the furnace is equal to the lower edge of the electrode wall of the graphitization furnace.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the graphite felt accessory, carbon felt accessory, and aluminosilicate accessory is close to the furnace head or furnace tail.

[0014] Preferably, the dimensions of the graphite felt fittings, carbon felt fittings, and aluminosilicate fittings are matched with the dimensions of the area between the two sides of the furnace core area and the two furnace walls.

[0015] Preferably, the furnace core area is a crucible or a box plate.

[0016] Preferably, the graphite felt fittings, carbon felt fittings, and aluminum silicate fittings are installed at the same height as the upper surface of the crucible or box plate.

[0017] Preferably, the joints between the graphite felt fittings, carbon felt fittings, and aluminum silicate fittings and the crucible or box wall are filled with resistive material to ensure seamless connection between the aluminum silicate fittings, carbon felt fittings, and graphite felt fittings.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: (1) This utility model uses hoisted aluminum silicate accessories, carbon felt accessories, and graphite felt accessories to replace the original thermal insulation powder, which can quickly load and unload the furnace, shorten the production cycle of a single furnace and increase production capacity; (2) This utility model uses graphitized carbon felt accessories and graphite felt accessories, which have high temperature resistance and heat insulation properties, reduce the burning loss of auxiliary materials and save costs; (3) It can reduce the frequency of use of the suction crane in high temperature environment, and there is no need to use furnace core plate (slip mold) for installation, which can also reduce some labor costs; (4) The aluminum silicate accessories, carbon felt accessories, and graphite felt accessories have regular shapes and are suitable for stacking. Compared with the original ton bag packaging and storage of thermal insulation materials, it can save more workshop space; (5) The aluminum silicate accessories, carbon felt accessories, and graphite felt accessories do not contain sulfur or ash, which can reduce the environmental protection investment of production units; (6) The aluminum silicate accessories, carbon felt accessories, and graphite felt accessories play a role in protecting the furnace wall and can improve the service life of the furnace wall. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an existing furnace loading structure for graphitization furnaces;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Furnace bottom, 2. Furnace wall, 3. Furnace bottom carbon black, 4. Furnace core area, 5. Insulation material, 6. Resistance material, 7. Upper insulation material, 8. Ventilation holes, 9. Graphite felt accessories, 10. Carbon felt accessories, 11. Aluminum silicate accessories. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0023] Example: Figure 2 As shown, a novel furnace loading structure for a graphitization furnace includes a furnace bottom 1 and two side furnace walls 2. A layer of furnace bottom carbon black 3 is laid on the furnace bottom. A furnace core area 4 is installed in the center of the furnace bottom carbon black. Graphite felt accessories 9, carbon felt accessories 10, and aluminum silicate accessories 11 are installed sequentially from the inside to the outside on both sides of the furnace core area and between the two side furnace walls. The graphite felt accessories, carbon felt accessories, and aluminum silicate accessories form an insulation wall. Resistance material 6 and upper insulation material 7 are laid sequentially from bottom to top above the furnace core area and the insulation wall. Ventilation holes 8 are provided in the upper part of the furnace core area. Resistance material is filled at the furnace head and tail of the furnace core area.

[0024] Examples of practical applications are as follows:

[0025] The internal clearance dimensions of the graphitization furnace in the application scenario are 36000mm (length) × 6000mm (width). After the box plate is installed, the clearance dimensions on both the left and right sides of the graphitization furnace are 36000mm (length) × 900mm (width) × 2400mm (height).

[0026] Based on the application scenario of graphitization furnace, the aluminum silicate accessories, carbon felt accessories, and graphite felt accessories of this invention are designed with dimensions of 3000mm (length) × 300mm (width) × 1200mm (height).

[0027] Calculations show that 24 sets of the aluminum silicate accessories, carbon felt accessories, and graphite felt accessories of this invention need to be installed on each side of the graphitization furnace in this application scenario, and installed in two layers, upper and lower.

[0028] In this application scenario, after the graphitization furnace box panel is installed, the lower layer of aluminum silicate accessories, carbon felt accessories, and graphite felt accessories are installed first, while the furnace head and furnace tail are filled with resistance material that is half the height of the box panel.

[0029] In this way, the box panel, the furnace head and tail resistance material, and the lower layer of aluminum silicate accessories, carbon felt accessories, and graphite felt accessories on the sides are subjected to balanced internal and external forces, resulting in a stable structure.

[0030] When loading the furnace, the installation order from the furnace core to the furnace wall is graphite felt accessories, carbon felt accessories, and aluminum silicate accessories; the order is reversed when unloading the furnace.

[0031] The inside of the box plate is filled with negative electrode powder; when the negative electrode powder is filled to two-thirds of the height of the box plate, the second layer of aluminum silicate accessories, carbon felt accessories, and graphite felt accessories are installed on both sides, and then the furnace head and furnace tail resistance material is filled.

[0032] Next, fill and compact the negative electrode powder inside the box, and then cover the box with the lid.

[0033] The box-type graphitization furnace is loaded onto the same plane as the surface of the furnace head and tail resistance material, as well as the upper surfaces of the aluminum silicate accessories, carbon felt accessories, and graphite felt accessories on both sides; after laying the upper auxiliary materials, the furnace loading of the box-type graphitization furnace is completed.

[0034] This invention features high temperature resistance and good thermal insulation. The graphite felt accessories are products that have undergone a graphitization process at 2400℃, with a carbon content of ≥99.95%, exhibiting excellent thermal insulation and high temperature resistance. The carbon felt accessories also undergo a graphitization process at 2400℃, with a slightly lower carbon content than the graphite felt, and similarly possess high temperature resistance and good thermal insulation properties. Aluminum silicate is originally used as high-temperature insulation cotton, and it can withstand temperatures of ≥1400℃ for short periods.

[0035] Aluminum silicate fittings, carbon felt fittings, and graphite felt fittings are soft and highly malleable, and can be processed into any shape required for production. By processing aluminum silicate fittings, carbon felt fittings, and graphite felt fittings into components of a certain size and assembling them in sequence, the powder structure of the side insulation material of the graphitization furnace can be changed into an assembled structure.

[0036] The hoisting is convenient. High-temperature resistant carbon ropes or graphite ropes are used to hoist aluminum silicate accessories, carbon felt accessories, and graphite felt accessories. Hoisting can be completed by using a crane when loading and unloading the furnace.

[0037] To achieve rapid cooling, when the graphitization furnace is ready to begin cooling, the aluminum silicate accessories near the furnace wall can be removed first, and then the carbon felt accessories and graphite felt accessories can be removed gradually according to the allowable range of the furnace exit temperature.

[0038] When the furnace is being tapped, the aluminum silicate fittings that are close to the furnace wall are removed first. This cuts off the heat conduction path from the furnace core to the furnace wall, thus better protecting the furnace wall and extending its service life.

[0039] The loading and unloading of aluminum silicate fittings, carbon felt fittings, and graphite felt fittings into the furnace should be done quickly to reduce burn-off and increase the service life of the fittings.

[0040] Insulation material powder is stored in ton bags, and the stacking height should not be too high. In production workshops, it is generally safer to stack two layers. Accessories made of aluminum silicate, carbon felt, and graphite felt have regular shapes and can be stacked higher with a more stable center of gravity, while also saving storage space.

[0041] The modular structure of aluminum silicate accessories, carbon felt accessories, graphite felt accessories, etc., can reduce the frequency of use of the material suction crane and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0042] The side insulation material of the graphitization furnace adopts an assembled structure of aluminum silicate accessories, carbon felt accessories, and graphite felt accessories, which can reduce some manual operations during furnace loading and unloading.

[0043] The embodiments described above are merely preferred solutions of this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model in any way. Other variations and modifications are possible without departing from the technical solutions described in the claims.

Claims

1. A novel furnace loading structure for a graphitization furnace, comprising a furnace bottom and two side furnace walls, wherein a layer of bottom carbon black is laid on the furnace bottom, and a furnace core area is installed in the center of the bottom carbon black, characterized in that, The furnace bottom carbon black is filled with a layer of graphite felt, a layer of carbon felt, and a layer of aluminum silicate in sequence from the inside to the outside on both sides of the furnace core area and between the two furnace walls. The layer of graphite felt, the layer of carbon felt, and the layer of aluminum silicate form an insulation wall. The furnace core area and the insulation wall are laid with resistance material and upper insulation material in sequence from bottom to top. Ventilation holes are provided in the upper part of the furnace core area.

2. The novel furnace loading structure for a graphitization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace head and tail of the furnace core area are filled with resistance material.

3. A novel furnace loading structure for a graphitization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The graphite felt, carbon felt, and aluminum silicate layers are integrally molded components in the form of plates, namely graphite felt components, carbon felt components, and aluminum silicate components.

4. A novel furnace loading structure for a graphitization furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that, The graphite felt accessories, carbon felt accessories, and aluminum silicate accessories are provided with lifting ports for lifting via carbon ropes or graphite ropes made of high-temperature resistant materials.

5. A novel furnace loading structure for a graphitization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the carbon black layer at the bottom of the furnace is equal to the lower edge of the electrode wall of the graphitization furnace.

6. A novel furnace loading structure for a graphitization furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the graphite felt accessory, carbon felt accessory, and aluminum silicate accessory is close to the furnace head or furnace tail.

7. A novel furnace loading structure for a graphitization furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that, The dimensions of the graphite felt accessories, carbon felt accessories, and aluminum silicate accessories are matched with the dimensions of the area between the two sides of the furnace core area and the two furnace walls.

8. A novel furnace loading structure for a graphitization furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that, The furnace core area is a crucible or a box plate.

9. A novel furnace loading structure for a graphitization furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that, The installation height of the graphite felt accessories, carbon felt accessories, and aluminum silicate accessories is flush with the upper surface of the crucible or box plate.

10. A novel furnace loading structure for a graphitization furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that, The joints between the graphite felt accessories, carbon felt accessories, and aluminum silicate accessories and the crucible or box wall are filled with resistive material evenly to ensure seamless connection between the aluminum silicate accessories, carbon felt accessories, and graphite felt accessories.

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