Anti-dust-deposition photovoltaic module based on piezoelectric characteristics

Abstract

The utility model provides an improved anti-dust-deposition photovoltaic assembly based on piezoelectric characteristics, which comprises a piezoelectric film vibration unit and a battery module, the piezoelectric film vibration unit is arranged on the light receiving surface of the battery module, no gap exists between the piezoelectric film vibration unit and the battery module, and the piezoelectric film vibration unit is arranged on the light receiving surface of the battery module. The piezoelectric film vibration unit comprises a first glass layer, a piezoelectric composite film layer and a second glass layer, and a vibration driving unit is arranged on the backlight surface of the battery module and is connected with the battery module and the piezoelectric film vibration unit. The assembly is low in cost, simple in process and structure and higher in efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic cells, and in particular to a photovoltaic module that prevents dust accumulation based on piezoelectric properties. Background Technology

[0002] Most photovoltaic (PV) modules operate outdoors, including in extreme desert conditions. However, dust and dirt easily accumulate on the surface of these modules in such environments, leading to a reduction in power generation. Dirty PV modules are typically cleaned manually on a regular basis, a method that is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inefficient.

[0003] One existing technology features a self-cleaning photovoltaic module, as described in patent CN215956335U. This module uses a transparent module arranged in a segmented manner on the solar panel module. The piezoelectric film layer within the transparent module is composed of multiple piezoelectric ceramic chip groups. Vibration waves are generated by applying electricity to the piezoelectric ceramic chips, achieving surface cleaning. However, this technology has certain drawbacks, such as complex manufacturing and high cost: a redesigned frame is required, making conventional photovoltaic module frames unusable; a buffer module is also needed, increasing installation complexity and cost; complex structure and low efficiency: the vibrating part is composed of multiple piezoelectric ceramic chips, resulting in a complex and costly structure. Furthermore, the addition of foam strips increases the degree of light shading, affecting photoelectric conversion efficiency; dust accumulation: the existing frame and buffer module design makes the frame much higher than the glass surface, making it more prone to dust accumulation. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above, this utility model provides an improved anti-dust photovoltaic module based on piezoelectric properties, which has low cost, simple process and structure, and higher efficiency.

[0005] The present invention specifically adopts the following technical solution: a photovoltaic module based on piezoelectric properties to prevent dust accumulation, including a piezoelectric thin film vibration unit and a battery module. The piezoelectric thin film vibration unit is disposed on the light-receiving surface of the battery module, and there is no gap between the piezoelectric thin film vibration unit and the battery module. The piezoelectric thin film vibration unit includes a first glass layer, a piezoelectric composite film layer and a second glass layer. The backlight surface of the battery module is provided with a vibration driving unit, which connects the battery module and the piezoelectric thin film vibration unit.

[0006] As a further improved technical solution, the piezoelectric composite film layer is a single transparent thin film layer, which includes PVDF, crosslinking agent and silane coupling agent, and electrodes are provided at both ends of the piezoelectric composite film layer.

[0007] As a further improved technical solution, the amount of crosslinking agent added is 1%-2% of the mass of PVDF, and the amount of silane coupling agent added is 0.3%-0.7% of the mass of PVDF.

[0008] As a further improved technical solution, the vibration drive unit includes an inverter and a transformer. The inverter is connected to the junction box of the battery module, and the transformer is connected to the inverter to receive the AC power output by the inverter. The transformer is connected to the electrodes on the piezoelectric composite film layer through wires.

[0009] As a further improved technical solution, a frame is also included, in which the piezoelectric film vibration unit and the battery module are inserted into the mounting groove of the frame for fixation, and silicone is filled into the mounting groove for fixation.

[0010] As a further improved technical solution, the first glass layer, the piezoelectric composite film layer, the second glass layer, the electrode and the wire are bonded together by lamination, and the wire extends from both ends of the electrode.

[0011] As a further improved technical solution, the crosslinking agent is one of dicumyl peroxide (DCP) or ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA).

[0012] As a further improved technical solution, the silane coupling agent is one of vinyltriethoxysilane A1522 or aminosilane, etc.

[0013] This utility model discloses a piezoelectric photovoltaic module that uses the battery module's own power to achieve active cleaning, resulting in low energy consumption and no mechanical wear. Specifically, the photovoltaic module of this application seamlessly laminates a piezoelectric thin-film vibration unit with the battery module, resulting in a simple structure and manufacturing process. The piezoelectric thin-film vibration unit utilizes the battery module's own power generation connected to the piezoelectric composite film layer, generating vibrations through piezoelectric properties to automatically shake off dust from the photovoltaic module surface. No additional power circuit is required for the drive section. Furthermore, the piezoelectric composite film layer of this application is a single piece of high-transmittance transparent film, which is simple to manufacture, low in cost, and has a simple overall structure. Compared with existing technologies, it reduces light obstruction and ensures high power generation efficiency while cleaning the surface. In addition, the first and second glass of the piezoelectric thin-film vibration unit of this application are both made of ultrasonic glass, and the piezoelectric composite film layer is also a transparent thin layer, seamlessly laminated with the battery module without the need for additional buffer structures. Therefore, there is no need to replace the frame, and it is suitable for existing conventional frames, without increasing the cost of frame design and replacement, and also reducing dust accumulation. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the piezoelectric thin film vibration unit of this application.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the photovoltaic module in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, not the entire structure.

[0017] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment of a photovoltaic module for preventing dust accumulation based on piezoelectric properties includes a piezoelectric thin-film vibration unit 1 and a battery module 2. The piezoelectric thin-film vibration unit 1 is disposed on the light-receiving surface of the battery module 2, and there is no gap between the piezoelectric thin-film vibration unit 1 and the battery module 2. The piezoelectric thin-film vibration unit 1 includes a first glass layer 11, a piezoelectric composite film layer 12 and a second glass layer 13. The backlight surface of the battery module 2 is provided with a vibration drive unit 3, which connects the battery module 2 and the piezoelectric thin-film vibration unit 1. The vibration drive unit 3 converts the direct current obtained from the battery module 2 into alternating current. The alternating current is conducted to the piezoelectric composite film layer 12 through the wire 31 to generate high-frequency micro-vibration, thereby shaking off the dust on the top of the module and achieving self-cleaning.

[0018] The piezoelectric composite film layer 12 is a single transparent film layer, comprising PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), a crosslinking agent, and a silane coupling agent. The crosslinking agent and silane coupling agent promote the crosslinking reaction of the film, completing the transformation from a linear structure to a network structure. This causes the Si-OH polar groups on the glass surface to condense, forming Si-O-Si bonds to enhance adhesion. The crosslinking agent is one of materials such as dicumyl peroxide (DCP) or ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), and the silane coupling agent is one of materials such as vinyltriethoxysilane (A1522) or aminosilane. The amount of crosslinking agent added is 1%-2% of the mass of PVDF, and the amount of silane coupling agent added is 0.3%-0.7% of the mass of PVDF. Metal strip electrodes 14 are provided at both ends of the piezoelectric composite film layer 12. The first glass layer 11, the piezoelectric composite film layer 12, the second glass layer 13, the electrodes 14 and the wires 31 are bonded together by lamination. The wires 31 extend from both ends of the electrodes 14 to connect to the vibration drive unit 3.

[0019] Method for manufacturing piezoelectric composite film layer 12: PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) particles, crosslinking agent, and silane coupling agent are mixed in a certain proportion, wherein the amount of crosslinking agent added is 1.5% of the mass of PVDF particles, and the amount of silane coupling agent added is 0.5% of the mass of PVDF particles. The specific amounts can be adjusted according to actual needs. Then, the mixture is placed in a high-speed mixer for thorough stirring to ensure that the crosslinking agent and silane coupling agent are evenly distributed in the PVDF particles. The stirring time is generally 10-30 minutes until the mixture is completely homogeneous. The homogeneous material is then placed in a twin-screw extruder and melt-extruded under nitrogen protection. The extrusion temperature is set between 180℃ and 250℃, and the specific temperature can also be adjusted according to the melting characteristics of the PVDF material. The extruded molten material is then cast into a single transparent film using a casting process.

[0020] In fact, the piezoelectric composite film layer 12 and the battery module 2 can be packaged together in a single lamination process.

[0021] Fabrication method of piezoelectric thin film vibration unit 1: The second glass layer 13, piezoelectric composite film layer 12, electrode 14, wire 31, and first glass layer 11 are placed in a laminator in the following order. The lamination is carried out at 180℃ and 40KPa pressure for 20 minutes to form a piezoelectric thin film vibration unit with high mechanical strength. The second glass layer 13 and the first glass layer 11 are made of 1mm ultra-thin transparent glass.

[0022] The vibration drive unit 3 includes an inverter and a transformer. The inverter is connected to the junction box of the battery module 2. The battery module 2 includes multiple battery cells 21, an encapsulating film 22, and a backplate 23. The encapsulating film is EVA or POE film. The battery cells 21 are connected in series or parallel via interconnecting ribbons to form battery strings. The bus ribbons connect the battery strings to the junction box. The junction box collects and summarizes the current from the multiple battery strings and transmits it to external lines. The junction box is connected to a T-connector to connect to the inverter and the next battery module. The DC input terminal of the inverter is connected to the output terminal of the junction box to transmit the DC power generated by the battery module 2 to the inverter. The transformer is connected to the inverter to receive the AC power output by the inverter and to step up or step down the voltage as needed. The transformer is connected to the electrodes 14 on the piezoelectric composite film layer 12 via wires 21 to apply AC power to the two ends of the electrodes. The direction of the electric field changes periodically with the voltage polarity, causing the dipoles inside the piezoelectric composite film layer to rearrange repeatedly, resulting in mechanical strain in the material and thus generating micro-vibrations.

[0023] In addition, the photovoltaic module in this embodiment also includes a frame 4. The piezoelectric thin film vibration unit 1 and the battery module 2 are jointly inserted into the mounting groove 41 of the frame and fixed therein. Silicone 42 is filled into the mounting groove 41 for fixation. The frame can be a conventional fixed frame for photovoltaic modules, requiring no additional design, making it convenient to use and cost-effective. The area where the metal strip electrode 14 is set on the piezoelectric composite film layer 12 is exactly opposite to the part of the piezoelectric thin film vibration unit 1 inserted into the mounting groove 41, so as not to cause unnecessary shading of light.

[0024] Furthermore, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present utility model and are not intended to limit the technical solutions described in the present utility model. The understanding of this specification should be based on those skilled in the art. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still make modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present utility model. All technical solutions and improvements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present utility model should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module with anti-dust accumulation based on piezoelectric properties, characterized in that: The device includes a piezoelectric thin film vibration unit and a battery module. The piezoelectric thin film vibration unit is disposed on the light-receiving surface of the battery module, and there is no gap between the piezoelectric thin film vibration unit and the battery module. The piezoelectric thin film vibration unit includes a first glass layer, a piezoelectric composite film layer and a second glass layer. The backlight surface of the battery module is provided with a vibration drive unit that connects the battery module and the piezoelectric thin film vibration unit.

2. The anti-dust photovoltaic module based on piezoelectric properties according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezoelectric composite film layer is a single transparent thin film layer, and electrodes are provided at both ends of the piezoelectric composite film layer.

3. The anti-dust photovoltaic module based on piezoelectric properties according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vibration drive unit includes an inverter and a transformer. The inverter is connected to the junction box of the battery module, and the transformer is connected to the inverter to receive the AC power output by the inverter. The transformer is connected to the electrodes on the piezoelectric composite film layer through wires.

4. The anti-dust photovoltaic module based on piezoelectric properties according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a frame, and the piezoelectric film vibration unit and the battery module are inserted into the mounting groove of the frame for fixation, and the mounting groove is filled with silicone for fixation.

5. The anti-dust photovoltaic module based on piezoelectric properties according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first glass layer, the piezoelectric composite film layer, the second glass layer, the electrode, and the wire are bonded together by lamination, and the wire extends from both ends of the electrode.

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