Biomass thermal cracking gas condensing tower

Abstract

The utility model discloses a biomass thermal cracking gas condensing tower which comprises a heat exchanger, a liquid collecting tank, an automatic liquid discharging device and a condensing chamber. According to the condensing tower, a biomass thermal cracking gas condensing process flow is optimized into a two-stage condensing process, the temperature of first-stage condensation is 200-300 DEG C, the temperature of second-stage condensation is 50-100 DEG C, and the quality of liquid bio-oil and charcoal is remarkably improved. The problems that biomass raw material briquettes are poor in original carbonization quality and multiple in carbon strip cracks are solved, the cooling effect is improved, and the product quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of biomass pyrolysis technology, and in particular to a biomass pyrolysis gas condensation tower. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass pyrolysis is a thermal conversion technology that converts biomass raw materials such as plant straw and debris into combustible gases, charcoal, and liquid bio-oil by heating them in a closed, oxygen-deficient or inert gas environment. Bio-oil can be used as fuel or as a chemical raw material for refining chemicals, replacing fossil fuels. The combustible gas can be used for reactor heating or power generation. Hydrogen-rich gas can be purified and utilized. Biochar can be used as a soil conditioner, adsorbent, or further processed into activated carbon for carbon sequestration or environmental protection materials. Inventor Wen Hengyong has obtained a utility model patent in the field of biomass pyrolysis treatment, entitled "A Condensation Device for Biomass Pyrolysis Gas," patent number (ZL201520183853.3). After ten years of application, the following problems were found with this equipment: 1) poor sealing, leading to easy leakage over time; 2) narrow internal pipes, easily blocked by carbon powder and tar agglomerates; 3) low automation, prone to overheating of the pyrolysis gas flow; and 4) poor condensation effect due to the use of a single-stage condensation process. In practical applications, the high-temperature, medium-pressure process for biomass pyrolysis gas typically operates at temperatures between 300 and 600°C, with internal reactor pressures ranging from 2 to 30 kPa (depending on equipment control). This process contains a large amount of combustible gas, vegetable tar, and various biomass acids (primarily acetic acid). To address these issues, this technical solution offers further improvements. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a biomass pyrolysis gas condensation tower, which is equipped with an upper and lower two-stage condensation device. The secondary condensation avoids the pyrolysis gas from being pyrolyzed again, and has the characteristics of improving the stability of bio-oil and increasing product quality and yield.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a biomass pyrolysis gas condensing tower, including a heat exchanger, a liquid collection tank and an automatic liquid drainer, and a condensing chamber. The condensing chamber includes an annular condensate tank, L-shaped heat dissipation water pipes, an overflow trough and an inlet pipe. The condensate tank is located at the top of the condensing tower. Multiple L-shaped heat dissipation water pipes are evenly distributed in an annular pattern inside the condensate tank. The overflow trough is located at the top of the condensate tank and is provided with an external drainage trough. The lower end of the L-shaped heat dissipation water pipe is located inside the condensate tank, and the upper end of the L-shaped heat dissipation water pipe is located inside the overflow trough. The inlet pipe passes through the condensate tank and is connected to the interior of the condensing chamber. The inner wall of the condensate tank extends downward and is connected to the heat exchanger located in the middle of the condensing tower through a flange.

[0005] In the aforementioned biomass pyrolysis gas condensation tower, the upper part of the condensate tank is shaped like a frustum conical.

[0006] The aforementioned biomass pyrolysis gas condensation tower includes a heat exchanger comprising an outer cylinder, upper and lower end plates, and multiple heat exchange tubes. Both end plates are provided with through holes in the same position, and the upper and lower ends of each heat exchange tube are fixedly connected to the corresponding through holes on the two end plates. The upper end plate of the heat exchanger is connected to the downwardly extending part of the inner wall of the condensate tank via a flange, and the lower end plate is connected to the lower liquid collection tank via a flange.

[0007] The above-mentioned biomass pyrolysis gas condensation tower has a screw conveyor in the middle of the liquid collection tank, a V-shaped debris screen below the screw conveyor, an opening at the bottom of the lower liquid collection tank and a drain pipe connected thereto, and an electric switch at the outer port of the drain pipe.

[0008] The above-mentioned biomass pyrolysis gas condensation tower includes an automatic drainer comprising a liquid level control pipe with an internal float sensor, a connecting pipe, and an electrical control box; the lower end of the liquid level control pipe is provided with a tee and connected to the drain pipe, the connecting pipe is connected between the liquid collection tank and the liquid level control pipe, and the electrical control box controls an electric switch through the position signal of the float sensor.

[0009] This utility model provides a biomass pyrolysis gas condensing tower, which includes a heat exchanger, a liquid collection tank, and an automatic liquid drainer, as well as a condensing chamber. The condensing chamber includes an annular condensate tank, L-shaped heat dissipation water pipes, an overflow trough, and an inlet pipe. The condensate tank is located at the top of the condensing tower. Multiple L-shaped heat dissipation water pipes are evenly distributed in an annular pattern inside the condensate tank. The overflow trough is located at the top of the condensate tank and has an external drainage channel. The lower end of the L-shaped heat dissipation water pipe is located inside the condensate tank, and the upper end of the L-shaped heat dissipation water pipe is located inside the overflow trough. The inlet pipe passes through the condensate tank and connects to the interior of the condensing chamber. The inner wall of the condensate tank extends downward and is connected to the heat exchanger located in the middle of the condensing tower via a flange.

[0010] The beneficial technical effects of this utility model are as follows: First, the biomass pyrolysis gas enters the condensate tank through the inlet pipe, and the heated cooling water overflows upwards through the L-shaped heat dissipation pipe. The hot water enters the overflow tank and is discharged, carrying away the heat. The pressure of the pyrolysis gas exiting the reactor is below 5 kPa, allowing for immediate cooling and precipitation. This condensation process is highly effective, significantly increasing the yield of biomass oil. Second, changing the original bottom inlet to a top inlet optimizes the biomass pyrolysis gas condensation process into a two-stage condensation process. The first stage of condensation is at 200-300℃, and the second stage is at 50-100℃, effectively preventing the pyrolysis gas from undergoing further pyrolysis and significantly improving the quality of liquid bio-oil and charcoal. This solves the problems of poor carbonization quality and numerous cracks in the original biomass raw material briquettes, improves the cooling effect, and enhances product quality. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0012] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view;

[0013] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchanger.

[0014] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Top view;

[0015] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 AA view in the middle;

[0016] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 BB view in the middle.

[0017] The components in the diagram are labeled as follows: 1. Load-bearing foot; 2. Screw conveyor; 3. Exhaust port; 4. Liquid collection tank; 5. Flange; 6. Water inlet pipe; 7. Temperature probe; 8. Water outlet pipe; 9. Air inlet pipe; 10. Explosion-proof hole; 11. Condensate tank; 12. Outer cylinder; 13. Liquid level control pipe; 14. Electrical control box; 15. Cable; 16. Electric switch; 17. Float sensor; 18. Overflow tank; 19. L-shaped heat dissipation pipe; 20. External drainage tank; 21. Condensate chamber top; 22. Heat exchange pipe; 23. End plate; 24. V-shaped debris screen; 25. Upper part of condensate tank; 26. Connecting pipe; 27. Drain pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0019] like Figures 1-6As shown, in the biomass pyrolysis gas condensing tower provided by this utility model, the lower part of the L-shaped heat dissipation water pipe 19 extends into the condensate tank 11, and the outer circumference of the pipe is sealed to the wall of the condensate tank 11; the upper part of the L-shaped heat dissipation water pipe 19 extends into the bottom of the overflow tank 18, and the outer circumference of the pipe is sealed to the bottom wall of the overflow tank 18; the gas inlet pipe 9 passes through the condensate tank 11 and connects to the interior of the condensing chamber, and the outer circumference of the pipe is sealed to the wall of the condensate tank 11. All the above-mentioned sealing connections adopt welding technology and undergo strict flaw detection inspection to ensure sealing quality. After the entire condensing tower is assembled, a pressure test is performed.

[0020] The production process of this condenser tower is as follows: First, cold water is injected into the condensate tank through the inlet 6. The high-temperature gas (300-400℃) from biomass pyrolysis enters the condensation chamber inside the annular condensate tank 11 through the inlet pipe 9, circulates repeatedly, and is cooled by the L-shaped heat dissipation pipe 19, condensing into a mixed liquid of biomass vinegar and vegetable tar. The water in the L-shaped heat dissipation pipe 19 is heated and rises to the overflow tank 18, is discharged from the external drain tank 20, and flows out through the outlet pipe 8. After cooling, it is recycled back into the inlet pipe 6 by a circulating pump. Second, this mixed liquid and the remaining pyrolysis gas enter the heat exchange tubes 22 of the heat exchanger. Cold water is injected through the inlet 6 on the outer cylinder 12 of the heat exchanger to cool the heat exchange tubes 22. The hot water is discharged through the outlet pipe 8 for recycling. Since the heat exchange area is approximately 69㎡, there are 97 heat exchange tubes 22, and the flow length is about 3 meters, the biomass pyrolysis gas is quickly cooled to room temperature and enters the collection tank 4. Third, the V-shaped screen 24 inside the collection tank 4 traps impurities. The pyrolysis gas is discharged into the filter cabinet from the exhaust port 3, and the liquid is discharged from the drain pipe 27 to the sedimentation collection tank outside the workshop through the batch regulation of the electric switch 16. Impurities are periodically discharged in batches via the screw conveyor 2.

[0021] Based on the disclosure and teachings of the above specification, those skilled in the art can make appropriate changes and modifications to the above embodiments. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and changes to this utility model should also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model. Furthermore, although some specific terms are used in this specification, these terms are only for convenience of explanation and do not constitute any limitation on this utility model.

Claims

1. A biomass pyrolysis gas condensation tower, comprising a heat exchanger, a liquid collection tank (4), and an automatic liquid drainer, characterized in that: It also includes a condensing chamber, which includes an annular condensate tank (11), an L-shaped heat dissipation water pipe (19), an overflow trough (18), and an air inlet pipe (9). The condensate tank (11) is located at the top of the condensing tower. There are multiple L-shaped heat dissipation water pipes (19) that are evenly distributed in an annular pattern inside the condensate tank (11). The overflow trough (18) is located at the top of the condensate tank (11) and is provided with an external drainage trough (20). The lower end of the L-shaped heat dissipation water pipe (19) is located inside the condensate tank (11), and the upper end of the L-shaped heat dissipation water pipe (19) is located inside the overflow trough (18). The air inlet pipe (9) passes through the condensate tank (11) and is connected to the interior of the condensing chamber. The inner wall of the condensate tank (11) extends downward and is connected to the heat exchanger located in the middle of the condensing tower through a flange (5).

2. The biomass pyrolysis gas condensation tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper part (25) of the condensate tank (11) is in the shape of a frustum cone.

3. A biomass pyrolysis gas condensation tower according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heat exchanger includes an outer cylinder (12), two end plates (23) and multiple heat exchange tubes (22). The two end plates (23) are provided with through holes in the same position. The upper and lower ends of each heat exchange tube (22) are fixedly connected to the corresponding through holes on the two end plates (23). The upper end plate (23) of the heat exchanger is connected to the downward extension of the inner wall of the condensate tank (11) through a flange (5). The lower end plate (23) is connected to the lower liquid collection tank (4) through a flange (5).

4. A biomass pyrolysis gas condensation tower according to claim 3, characterized in that, The liquid collection tank (4) is equipped with a screw conveyor (2) in the middle, and a V-shaped debris screen (24) is provided below the screw conveyor (2). The bottom of the lower liquid collection tank (4) is provided with an opening and connected to a drain pipe (27). An electric switch (16) is provided at the outer port of the drain pipe (27).

5. A biomass pyrolysis gas condensation tower according to claim 4, characterized in that, The automatic drainer includes a level control tube (13) with a built-in float sensor (17), a connecting tube (26), and an electrical control box (14); the lower end of the level control tube (13) is provided with a tee and is connected to the drain tube (27); the connecting tube (26) is connected between the liquid collection tank (4) and the level control tube (13); the electrical control box (14) controls the electric switch (16) through the position signal of the float sensor (17).

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