Continuously variable transmission and motorcycle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of motorcycles, and discloses a continuously variable transmission which comprises a continuously variable transmission mechanism and an actuating mechanism. A fixed wheel and a movable wheel of a primary belt wheel in the speed change mechanism are installed on an output shaft, the movable wheel can move in the axial direction, the movable wheel is pushed or pulled through a release bearing, the distance between the movable wheel and the fixed wheel is changed, and therefore the linear speed and the transmission ratio of the belt wheel are adjusted. The actuating mechanism comprises a driving motor, a fork shaft and a release fork, and the rotating power of the driving unit is converted into the reciprocating motion of a release bearing through a release lever structure formed by the fork shaft and the release fork, so that the stepless speed change function is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This solution relates to the field of motorcycle technology, specifically to continuously variable transmissions (CVTs) and motorcycles. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of motorcycle power transmission, continuously variable transmissions (CVTs) have been widely used due to their ability to keep the engine operating at its optimal condition. Currently, motorcycle CVTs primarily use variator beads as the actuator for changing the gear ratio. This method is based on the principle of centrifugal force; during motorcycle operation, the variator beads generate centrifugal force due to the speed, automatically adjusting the gear ratio to achieve continuously variable transmission.

[0003] However, existing continuously variable transmission (CVT) actuators with pulleys have many problems that urgently need to be solved. From the perspective of transmission efficiency, they rely on friction between the belt and the pulley, a transmission method with significant energy loss, resulting in relatively low transmission efficiency and consequently high fuel consumption. This not only increases user operating costs but also contradicts the current trend of energy conservation and environmental protection. Regarding component maintenance, key components such as the pulley are prone to wear during long-term friction transmission. Frequent wear necessitates regular replacement of these components, which not only reduces system reliability but also significantly increases user maintenance costs, causing considerable inconvenience. Furthermore, due to its limited transmission efficiency, CVT actuators are typically only suitable for small-displacement motorcycles, making it difficult to meet the power demands of high-torque, high-performance motorcycles, thus limiting the application of CVTs in a wider range of motorcycle models. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a continuously variable transmission (CVT) to change the way CVT adjusts the transmission ratio and expand the application range of CVT in motorcycles.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model adopts the following technical solution: a continuously variable transmission (CVT), comprising a CVT mechanism and an actuator. The CVT mechanism includes an output assembly, which includes a primary pulley fixed pulley, a primary pulley moving pulley, and an output shaft. Both the primary pulley fixed pulley and the primary pulley moving pulley are mounted on the output shaft, and the primary pulley moving pulley can move axially along the output shaft. The actuator includes a drive unit and an execution unit. The execution unit includes a fork shaft, a release fork, and a release bearing. The fork shaft is rotatably mounted on the motorcycle and can rotate under the drive of the drive unit. The release fork is fixedly mounted on the fork shaft, and the free end of the release fork is hinged to the release bearing. Thus, the fork shaft drives the release fork to swing, and the swing of the release fork drives the release bearing to move linearly back and forth. The release bearing is slidably mounted on the output shaft and can push the primary pulley moving axially along the output shaft.

[0006] The beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: This solution forms a release lever structure through the fork shaft and the release fork. The rotational power of the drive unit is converted into the power to drive the release bearing to reciprocate. When the release bearing moves under the swing of the release fork, the thrust of the release bearing pushes the moving pulley of the primary pulley in the continuously variable transmission (CVT) output assembly, thereby causing the moving pulley to move towards the stationary pulley side, increasing the linear velocity of the primary pulley, and thus increasing the transmission ratio. When the release bearing returns to its original position, the pulling force of the release bearing pulls the moving pulley of the primary pulley of the CVT system, thereby causing the moving pulley to move away from the stationary pulley side, decreasing the linear velocity of the primary pulley, and thus reducing the transmission ratio, achieving continuously variable transmission.

[0007] Furthermore, the drive unit includes a drive motor and a gear transmission assembly. The drive motor is fixed to the motorcycle, and the gear transmission assembly is located between the fork shaft and the drive motor, and can transmit the power of the drive motor to the fork shaft.

[0008] Beneficial effects: By connecting the output shaft of the drive motor and the fork shaft through the gear transmission assembly, the power transmission from the drive motor to the fork shaft is more precise and smooth. At the same time, it has high transmission efficiency, is suitable for high-power transmission, has a compact structure, and is less affected by the load of the motorcycle.

[0009] Furthermore, the gear transmission assembly includes a worm and a turbine. The worm and turbine are adapted to each other and can receive the rotational power transmitted by the drive motor. The turbine's rotation center is provided with a spline and connected to the fork shaft through the spline, thereby transmitting the rotational power to the fork shaft. The motor drives the worm to rotate, which in turn drives the turbine to rotate, causing the release bearing to reciprocate up and down, providing continuously variable power to the primary pulley and belt. Compared with existing technologies, the actuator of this invention can significantly improve transmission efficiency and reduce fuel consumption; at the same time, it can reduce vulnerable parts, improve system reliability, and reduce maintenance costs. In addition, this solution uses a worm and turbine for transmission, which, compared with the jackknob structure, offers more timely and reliable response and higher transmission efficiency, thus providing a reliable continuously variable transmission solution for high-torque high-performance motorcycles. Furthermore, compared with the staggered-axis helical gear transmission, the worm and turbine transmission structure is more compact. Additionally, the meshing tooth surfaces of the worm and turbine have line contact, resulting in a superior load-bearing capacity compared to the staggered-axis helical gear transmission structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the gear transmission assembly also includes an internal gear ring, which is a bowl-shaped cylindrical structure consisting of sidewalls and a closed end. The sidewalls are provided with internal teeth, and the closed end is provided with a slot. One end of the worm gear is provided with a flat rectangular shaft section that fits into the slot of the closed end. The flat rectangular shaft section is inserted into the slot from the outside of the closed end of the internal gear ring, forming a flat rectangular connection. The output shaft of the drive motor is provided with a gear section. The internal gear ring is rotatably disposed between the output shaft of the drive motor and the worm gear and meshes with the gear section of the output shaft of the drive motor. By providing an internal gear ring between the output shaft of the drive motor and the worm gear, the power of the drive motor is reduced by one stage of reduction through the internal gear ring before being transmitted to the worm gear, forming a second stage of reduction. The worm gear and the worm gear form a third stage of reduction, which reduces the high speed of the drive motor to the low speed required by the actuator, making it easier to control the actuator.

[0011] Furthermore, the continuously variable transmission (CVT) mechanism also includes a pulley housing cover, with the output assembly housed inside the pulley housing cover. The housing is detachably fixed to the outside of the pulley housing cover. The actuator also includes a mounting unit, which includes a positioning block one, a positioning block two, and a pad. Positioning blocks one and two are detachably fixed to the motorcycle. The fork shaft is rotatably mounted on positioning blocks one and two. The pad is fitted onto the actuator output shaft and located between the CVT drive wheel and the release bearing.

[0012] Furthermore, the mounting unit also includes a housing, within which the gear transmission assembly is integrated. The housing is detachably connected to the motorcycle and positioned away from the motorcycle. By integrating the gear transmission assembly into the housing and detachably connecting it to the side away from the motorcycle, the actuator can be made into an external structure. For consumers or repair personnel, during maintenance, the damaged actuator can be directly disassembled and replaced, or the damaged actuator can be directly disassembled for repair without completely disassembling the continuously variable transmission (CVT), reducing the difficulty of daily maintenance. For manufacturers, during product assembly, the main motorcycle structure can be assembled first, and then the external actuator can be mounted on the motorcycle body, improving assembly efficiency.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer casing also includes motor housing one and motor housing two. Motor housing one is fixedly connected to motor housing two by bolts. Motor housing two and positioning block two are fixedly connected by bolts. Fork shaft bushings are respectively provided at both ends of the fork shaft and are rotatably mounted on positioning block one and positioning block two. Positioning block one and positioning block two are fixedly connected to the motorcycle by bolts.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a measurement unit, which is used to detect the angle data of the turbine rotation and can control the start of the drive motor based on the detected angle data.

[0015] Furthermore, the measurement unit includes an angle sensor, which is fixed on the housing and connected to a TCU. The TCU is electrically connected to the drive motor and can control the start of the drive motor.

[0016] Motorcycles, including the continuously variable transmission (CVT) mentioned above. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view at point AA;

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Sectional view at point BB;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a front view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Sectional view at point AA;

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Sectional view at point BB;

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 4 Sectional view at point CC.

[0024] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: fork shaft 11, release fork 111, release bearing 112, pad block 113, positioning block one 121, positioning block two 122, motor housing one 123, motor housing two 124, actuation output shaft 131, internal gear ring 141, worm gear 142, turbine 143, angle sensor 15, output assembly 2, primary pulley drive wheel 21, primary pulley stationary wheel 22, output shaft 23, input assembly 3, secondary pulley drive wheel 33, secondary pulley stationary wheel 32, input shaft 31, transmission chain 4, and pulley housing cover 5. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Example 1

[0026] Example 1 is basically as shown in the appendix. Figure 1-3 As shown, Figure 1-3 The continuously variable transmission (CVT) shown includes a continuously variable transmission mechanism and an actuator, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the continuously variable transmission (CVT) includes an output assembly 2, an input assembly 3, a transmission chain 4, and a pulley housing cover 5. The output assembly 2 includes a primary pulley fixed pulley 22, a primary pulley moving pulley 21, and an output shaft 23. Both the primary pulley fixed pulley 22 and the primary pulley moving pulley 21 are mounted on the output shaft 23, and the primary pulley moving pulley 21 can move axially along the output shaft 23. Specifically, a sleeve is provided between the primary pulley moving pulley 21 and the output shaft 23. The sleeve is fitted onto the output shaft 23 and has a small clearance transition fit with the primary pulley moving pulley 21, allowing the primary pulley moving pulley 21 to slide axially along the output shaft 23, thereby reducing wear on the output shaft 23 and lowering subsequent maintenance costs. A release bearing 112 is mounted on the output shaft 23. The release bearing 112 is slidably mounted on the sleeve and can push the primary pulley moving pulley 21 to move axially along the output shaft 23. The input component 3 includes an input shaft 31, a secondary pulley fixed pulley 32, and a secondary pulley moving pulley 33. The secondary pulley fixed pulley 32 has a sleeve-shaped extension coaxially fixed to it. The input shaft 31 passes axially through the secondary pulley fixed pulley 32 and drives it to rotate synchronously. The secondary pulley moving pulley 33 is located below the secondary pulley fixed pulley 32 and is fitted onto the extension. A small clearance transition fit exists between the secondary pulley moving pulley 33 and the extension, allowing it to slide axially relative to the secondary pulley fixed pulley 32. A limit ring is integrally formed at the lower end of the extension, and a preload spring is fitted onto the extension. The two ends of the preload spring abut against the secondary pulley moving pulley 33 and the limit ring, respectively. The transmission chain 4 is tensioned between the input component 3 and the output component 2. Specifically, the left end of the belt is tensioned between the primary pulley drive pulley 21 and the primary pulley stationary pulley 22; the right end of the belt is tensioned between the secondary pulley drive pulley 33 and the secondary pulley stationary pulley 32, thereby transmitting the power of the output component 2 to the input component 3. The pulley housing cover 5 is fixedly connected to the motorcycle by bolts and encloses the output component 2 and is installed inside the pulley housing cover 5.

[0027] The actuator includes an installation unit, a drive unit, an execution unit, and a measurement unit, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the installation unit includes positioning block 121 and positioning block 22. Both positioning block 121 and positioning block 222 can be detachably fixed to the inside of the pulley housing cover 5. Specifically, positioning block 121 and positioning block 222 are respectively fixedly connected to the inside of the pulley housing cover 5 by bolts.

[0028] The drive unit includes a drive motor and a gear transmission assembly. The drive motor includes a motor body and an output shaft 131. The motor body is fixed to the inside of the pulley housing cover 5 by bolts. The gear transmission assembly is integrated into the housing. Figure 3As shown, the gear transmission assembly includes an internal gear ring 141, a worm gear 143, and a worm 142. The internal gear ring 141, worm gear 143, and worm 142 are all rotatably mounted inside the pulley housing cover 5. Specifically, the internal gear ring 141 is a bowl-shaped cylindrical structure consisting of a side wall and a closed end. The side wall is provided with internal teeth, and the closed end is provided with a slot. One end of the worm 142 is provided with a flat rectangular shaft section that is adapted to the slot of the closed end. The flat rectangular shaft section is inserted into the slot from the outside of the closed end of the internal gear ring 141 and forms a flat rectangular connection. The actuation output shaft 131 is provided with a gear section, which meshes with the internal teeth of the side wall of the internal gear ring 141 through the gear section, thereby transmitting the rotational power of the drive motor to the worm gear 143 through the worm gear 142.

[0029] The execution unit includes a fork shaft 11 and a separation fork 111, as shown in the figure. Figure 4 and Figure 6 The fork shaft 11 is rotatably equipped with a bushing and is rotatably positioned between positioning block 121 and positioning block 222. The left end of the fork shaft 11 is provided with a spline and is connected to the turbine 143 through the spline. The release fork 111 is welded to the fork shaft 11 and is hinged to the release bearing 112 through its free end to form a release lever. The rotational force of the drive motor is converted into the power source for the reciprocating motion of the release bearing 112 by the release lever.

[0030] The measuring unit includes an angle sensor 15, which is fixed on the housing and connected to a TCU. The TCU is electrically connected to the drive motor and can control the start of the drive motor.

[0031] In use, the output shaft 131 meshes with the internal gear ring 141 to achieve primary transmission; the internal gear ring 141 meshes with the worm gear 142 to achieve secondary transmission; and the worm gear 142 meshes with the worm wheel 143 to achieve tertiary transmission. This tertiary transmission reduces the speed of the drive motor. The worm wheel 143, through a splined connection to the fork shaft 11, converts the rotational motion into the reciprocating motion of the release bearing 112. This causes the primary pulley 21 to move closer to or further away from the primary pulley 22, thus changing the transmission ratio of the output assembly 2. Specifically, when the release bearing 112 is pushed by the release fork 111... When the primary pulley moves downwards towards the driven pulley side, the primary pulley driven pulley 21 moves closer to the primary pulley fixed pulley 22, and the transmission ratio of the output component 2 increases. Conversely, when the release bearing 112 moves away from the driven pulley side under the push of the release fork 111, the primary pulley driven pulley 21 moves away from the primary pulley fixed pulley 22, and the transmission ratio of the output component 2 decreases. At the same time, the angle sensor 15 drives the turbine 143 to rotate through the worm gear 142 to collect the signal of angle change, and sends it to the TCU for processing, so that the TCU can understand the state of the release bearing 112 and thus know the state of the continuously variable transmission mechanism.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] Example 2 is basically the same as Example 1, except that, as Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, in output assembly 2, the positions of the primary pulley drive pulley 21 and the primary pulley stationary pulley 22 are reversed, that is, the primary pulley drive pulley 21 is located on the side closer to the pulley housing cover 5. The mounting assembly also includes motor housing one 123 and motor housing two 124, which are bolted together to form an outer casing. The drive motor is bolted to motor housing one 123, as shown below. Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the transmission assembly 14 is installed inside the housing. The motor housing 124 is bolted to the positioning block 122, forming an external actuator. Positioning blocks 121 and 122 are bolted to the outside of the pulley housing cover 5, thus fixing the external actuator to the outside of the motorcycle's continuously variable transmission (CVT) and driving the CVT. During assembly, the motorcycle assembly can be completed first. After the motorcycle assembly is completed, the external actuator can be fastened to the pulley housing cover 5 to quickly complete the installation of the gearbox actuator, effectively improving the motorcycle assembly efficiency. Moreover, the motorcycle assembly and actuator assembly can be carried out simultaneously. After the motorcycle assembly is completed, the assembled actuator can be directly connected to the motorcycle, making actuator installation more convenient and improving motorcycle assembly efficiency.

[0034] Meanwhile, during subsequent maintenance, the actuator can be maintained independently without disassembling the motorcycle's continuously variable transmission (CVT), reducing the workload and difficulty of maintenance.

[0035] Example 3

[0036] Based on Embodiment 2, a pad 113 is also provided between the release bearing 112 and the primary pulley 21. The pad 113 is sleeved on the outside of the sleeve and has a small clearance transition fit with the sleeve, so that the pad 113 can slide along the axial direction of the output shaft 23. By setting the pad 113, the modification of existing continuously variable transmission parts can be reduced, the cost of upgrading can be reduced, and it is possible to push the primary pulley 21 to slide by the release bearing 112 without making major modifications to the existing motorcycle continuously variable transmission.

[0037] Example 4

[0038] Example 4 is basically the same as Example 1, except that, based on Example 1, the continuously variable transmission (CVT) mentioned in Example 1 is applied to a motorcycle, and the motorcycle is shifted using the CVT mentioned in Example 1.

[0039] Example 5

[0040] Example 5 is basically the same as Example 3, except that the continuously variable transmission (CVT) mentioned in Example 3 is applied to a motorcycle, and the motorcycle is shifted using the CVT mentioned in Example 3.

[0041] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model. Commonly known technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that the technical means used to solve problems in the above embodiments of this utility model can be combined to solve multiple technical problems simultaneously. For those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the technical solution of this utility model, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model. These modifications will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A continuously variable transmission, characterized in that: The system includes a continuously variable transmission (CVT) mechanism and an actuator. The CVT mechanism includes an output assembly, which comprises a primary pulley fixed pulley, a primary pulley moving pulley, and an output shaft. Both the primary pulley fixed pulley and the primary pulley moving pulley are mounted on the output shaft, and the primary pulley moving pulley can move axially along the output shaft. The actuator includes a drive unit and an execution unit. The execution unit includes a fork shaft, a release fork, and a release bearing. The fork shaft is rotatably mounted on the motorcycle and can rotate under the drive of the drive unit. The release fork is fixedly mounted on the fork shaft, and the free end of the release fork is hinged to the release bearing. Thus, the fork shaft drives the release fork to swing, and the swinging of the release fork drives the release bearing to move linearly reciprocally. The release bearing is slidably mounted on the output shaft and can push the primary pulley moving axially along the output shaft.

2. The continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive unit includes a drive motor and a gear transmission assembly. The drive motor is fixed to the motorcycle, and the gear transmission assembly is located between the fork shaft and the drive motor, and can transmit the power of the drive motor to the fork shaft.

3. The continuously variable transmission according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gear transmission assembly includes a worm and a turbine. The worm and turbine are adapted to each other and can receive the rotational power transmitted by the drive motor. The turbine rotation center is provided with a spline and is connected to the fork shaft through the spline, thereby transmitting the rotational power to the fork shaft.

4. The continuously variable transmission according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gear transmission assembly also includes an internal gear ring, which is a bowl-shaped cylindrical structure consisting of a sidewall and a closed end. The sidewall is provided with internal teeth, and the closed end is provided with a slot. One end of the worm is provided with a flat rectangular shaft section that is adapted to the slot of the closed end. The flat rectangular shaft section is inserted into the slot from the outside of the closed end of the internal gear ring and forms a flat rectangular connection. The output shaft of the drive motor is provided with a gear section. The internal gear ring is rotatably disposed between the output shaft of the drive motor and the worm and meshes with the gear section of the output shaft of the drive motor.

5. The continuously variable transmission according to claim 4, characterized in that: The continuously variable transmission (CVT) mechanism also includes a pulley housing cover, with the output assembly housed inside the pulley housing cover. The housing is detachably fixed to the outside of the pulley housing cover. The actuator also includes a mounting unit, which includes a positioning block one, a positioning block two, and a pad. Positioning blocks one and two are detachably fixed to the motorcycle. The fork shaft is rotatably mounted on positioning blocks one and two. The pad is fitted onto the actuator output shaft and located between the CVT drive wheel and the release bearing.

6. The continuously variable transmission according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting unit also includes a housing, within which the gear transmission assembly is integrated. The housing is detachably connected to the motorcycle and positioned on the side away from the motorcycle.

7. The continuously variable transmission according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer casing also includes motor housing one and motor housing two. Motor housing one is fixedly connected to motor housing two by bolts. Motor housing two and positioning block two are fixedly connected by bolts. Fork shaft bushings are respectively provided at both ends of the fork shaft and are rotatably mounted on positioning block one and positioning block two. Positioning block one and positioning block two are fixedly connected to the motorcycle by bolts.

8. The continuously variable transmission according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a measurement unit, which is used to detect the angle data of the turbine rotation and can control the start of the drive motor based on the detected angle data.

9. The continuously variable transmission according to claim 8, characterized in that: The measuring unit includes an angle sensor, which is fixed on the housing and connected to a TCU. The TCU is electrically connected to the drive motor and can control the start of the drive motor.

10. A motorcycle, characterized in that: The continuously variable transmission (CVT) includes any one of claims 1-9.

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