Biological trickling filter tank filled with ceramsite filter material

Abstract

The utility model discloses a bio-trickling filter tank filled with ceramsite filter materials, which comprises a tank body, and the tank body internally comprises a water distribution area, a filler area and a water production area which are separated by a jacking layer and a bearing layer and are communicated with one another from top to bottom; a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe of the tank body are respectively communicated with the top and the bottom of the tank body; a self-rotating water distributor connected with the water inlet pipe is mounted in the water distribution area and is used for uniformly distributing sewage entering through the water inlet pipe onto the filler area; the filler area is filled with a ceramsite filter material for microbial biofilm formation and is used for purifying sewage uniformly distributed in the filler area; the water producing area is used for collecting clear water purified by the filler area, and the collected clear water is discharged through a water outlet pipe. The biological trickling filtration tank adopts an integrated structure, the civil engineering cost can be reduced, the ceramsite filter material is light in weight and low in price, the sewage treatment effect is good, rural domestic sewage can be conveniently and movably treated, and the possibility that equipment is idle is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a biological trickling filter filled with ceramic granules, belonging to the field of wastewater treatment technology. Background Technology

[0002] The characteristics of rural domestic sewage are as follows: 1. Large fluctuations in sewage discharge: Sewage discharge in most villages and towns is typically highest in the morning, noon, and evening, gradually decreasing after evening, and sometimes even ceasing at night. Furthermore, sewage volume increases significantly during the high temperatures of summer and holidays, while it decreases during the low temperatures of winter and non-holiday periods. 2. Complex pollutants and large concentration variations: Rural sewage has a complex composition of pollutants, mainly including organic matter such as carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, and fats, generally without toxic substances. The water quality is characterized by high nitrogen and phosphorus content, good biodegradability, and relatively low levels of persistent organic matter and toxic substances, making it suitable for biological treatment. 3. Dispersed discharge areas and difficult collection: Village and town populations are low and scattered, but there is a trend towards regional concentration. Most villages and towns lack sewage pipe networks, making collection extremely difficult. The complex terrain of some villages and towns also increases the difficulty of sewage collection.

[0003] These characteristics result in high construction costs for conventional rural domestic sewage treatment facilities, such as trickling filters, and they often face insufficient load after construction, frequently leading to idle and wasted sewage treatment facilities. Furthermore, most trickling filters typically use gravel, sea sand, or anthracite as filter media, with gravel used at a rate of 1.8 tons / m³. 3 2.3 tons / m³ of sea sand 3 Anthracite coal: 1.4–1.9 tons / m³ 3 These materials have problems such as high density and poor filtration performance. Although anthracite has good filtration performance, its price reaches 1,000 to 1,500 yuan per ton, which is too high for rural sewage treatment facilities to afford.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a bio-trickling filter filled with ceramic granules to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a biological trickling filter filled with ceramsite filter media, which adopts an integrated structure to reduce civil engineering costs; the filled ceramsite filter media is lightweight and inexpensive, has a better sewage treatment effect, and is easy to move to treat rural biochemical sewage, reducing the possibility of equipment idleness.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A biological trickling filter filled with ceramic granules includes a tank body, which contains, from top to bottom, a water distribution zone, a packing zone, and a water production zone that are separated by a top support layer and a supporting layer but are interconnected; the inlet pipe and outlet pipe of the tank body are respectively connected to the top and bottom of the tank body.

[0008] A self-rotating water distributor connected to the inlet pipe is installed in the water distribution area to evenly distribute the sewage entering through the inlet pipe to the packing area.

[0009] The packing zone is filled with ceramic filter media with microbial biofilm, which is used to purify wastewater that is evenly distributed in the packing zone;

[0010] The water production area is used to collect the purified water from the packing area, and the collected water is discharged through the outlet pipe.

[0011] Preferably, in the self-rotating water distributor, along the direction from the rotation center of the water distribution pipe to the edge of the water distribution pipe, the distance between two adjacent sprayers on the pipe body gradually decreases.

[0012] Preferably, the packing zone includes a fine filter layer, a fine filter layer, and a coarse filter layer distributed from top to bottom, and the particle size of the ceramic filter media filled in the fine filter layer, the fine filter layer, and the coarse filter layer gradually increases.

[0013] Preferably, the particle size of the ceramic filter media filled in the fine filter layer is 3-5 mm, the particle size of the ceramic filter media filled in the fine filter layer is 5-8 mm, and the particle size of the ceramic filter media filled in the coarse filter layer is 1-2 cm.

[0014] Preferably, the filling height ratio of the fine filter layer, the thin filter layer, and the coarse filter layer is (2-4):(1-2):1.

[0015] Preferably, the height of the inlet of the water inlet pipe is lower than the height of the top of the tank, and the height of the outlet of the water outlet pipe is higher than the height of the bottom of the tank; a valve and a flow meter are installed on the water inlet pipe, and a valve is also installed on the water outlet pipe.

[0016] Preferably, a ventilation pipe for supplying fresh air into the tank is also connected to the pipe located at the front end of the valve on the water outlet pipe, and a valve is also installed on the ventilation pipe.

[0017] Preferably, a backwash inlet corresponding to the bottom side of the packing area is provided on the side wall of the tank, and a backwash drain pipe is connected to the pipe located at the front end of the valve on the inlet pipe, and a valve is also installed on the backwash drain pipe.

[0018] Preferably, a forward wash drain pipe is connected to the water inlet pipe located at the front end of the ventilation duct, and a valve is also installed on the forward wash drain pipe.

[0019] Preferably, the tank body is provided with multiple manholes and multiple observation ports along the height direction.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0021] Integrated tank-type biological trickling filter equipment requires less investment, is easy to manufacture and promote, has low requirements for wastewater quality and quantity, is easy to transfer, and is more suitable for rural wastewater treatment processes.

[0022] The biological trickling filter tank uses a self-rotating water distributor. The sprayers on the self-rotating water distributor are distributed according to the distance from the center of the tank. The sprayers near the center of rotation are spaced more widely, while the sprayers further away from the center of rotation and closer to the outer wall of the trickling filter tank are spaced more densely. This water distribution method is more suitable for tank-type biological trickling filter equipment, making the water distribution more uniform and facilitating the purification of wastewater.

[0023] The specific gravity of ceramsite filter media is typically between 0.5 and 0.8 tons / m³. 3 The price is around 400-600 yuan per ton. It is lightweight and inexpensive. When filling the same amount of filter media, the weight reduction effect of the trickling filter is obvious, which can realize the lightweight assembly of the trickling filter structure. In addition, the ceramic filter media has a large specific surface area, rough surface, many micropores, and well-developed internal pores, which makes the biological bacteria have a strong attachment ability and rapid reproduction, and high biofilm efficiency. The treatment effect of rural sewage is also better than that of ordinary filter media, and it can improve the removal rate of pollutants such as COD, total phosphorus and total nitrogen. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a front view of the bio-trickling filter tank;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the distribution of areas inside the tank.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a top view of the water distribution area;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a self-rotating water distributor.

[0028] The meanings of the main reference numerals in the figure are as follows:

[0029] 1. Tank body; 2. Water distribution area, 2.1-Self-rotating water distributor, 2.2-Water distribution pipe, 2.3-Sprayer; 3. Packing area, 3.1-Top support layer, 3.2-Observation port, 3.3-Water inlet pipe, 3.4-Ventilation pipe, 3.5-Backwash inlet, 3.6-Forward wash drain pipe, 3.7-Backwash drain pipe, 3.8-Water outlet pipe, 3.9-Support layer, 3.10-Fine filter layer, 3.11-Fine filter layer, 3.12-Coarse filter layer; 4. Water production area; 5. Support structure; 6. Manhole. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0031] This embodiment is a bio-trickling filter filled with ceramic granules. See [link to documentation]. Figure 1 As shown, the tank includes a tank body 1, which is supported by a support structure 5. The inlet pipe 3.3 and outlet pipe 3.8 of the tank body 1 are connected to the top and bottom of the tank body 1, respectively. The inlet height of the inlet pipe 3.3 is lower than the top height of the tank body 1, and the outlet height of the outlet pipe 3.8 is higher than the bottom height of the tank body 1. A valve and a flow meter are installed on the inlet pipe 3.3, and a valve is also installed on the outlet pipe 3.8.

[0032] See Figure 2 As shown, the tank 1 contains, from top to bottom, a water distribution zone 2, a packing zone 3, and a water production zone 4, which are separated by a top support layer 3.1 and a support layer 3.9 but are interconnected; see also Figure 3-4 As shown, a self-rotating water distributor 2.1 connected to the inlet pipe 3.3 is installed in the water distribution zone 2 to evenly distribute the sewage entering through the inlet pipe 3.3 onto the packing zone 3. This self-rotating water distributor 2.1 is an existing structure and can be purchased directly from the market. Its principle is similar to that of a pressure-type rotary nozzle. In this solution, the rotating part of the self-rotating water distributor 2.1 is not modified. Only the installation spacing of the sprayers 2.3 on the water distribution pipe 2.2 is adjusted so that the spacing between two adjacent sprayers 2.3 on the pipe body gradually decreases along the direction from the rotation center to the edge of the water distribution pipe 2.2. That is, the sprayers 2.3 are arranged according to their distance from the rotation center, with a looser spacing closer to the center and a denser spacing closer to the outer wall of the tank 1. This makes the water distribution more uniform.

[0033] The packing zone 3 is filled with ceramsite filter media with microbial biofilm, used to purify wastewater evenly distributed within it. The ceramsite filter media is sintered from one or more combinations of sludge, fly ash, quicklime, or cement, meeting the standard "Artificial Ceramsite Filter Media for Water Treatment" (CJ / T 299-2008). Packing zone 3 includes, from top to bottom, a fine filtration layer 3.10, a fine filtration layer 3.11, and a coarse filtration layer 3.12, with the particle size of the ceramsite filter media gradually increasing from these layers. In practical applications, the particle size of the ceramsite filter media filled in the fine filtration layer 3.10 is 3-5 mm, in the fine filtration layer 3.11 it is 5-8 mm, and in the coarse filtration layer 3.12 it is 1-2 cm. Furthermore, the filling height ratio of the fine filter layer 3.10, the fine filter layer 3.11, and the coarse filter layer 3.12 is (2-4):(1-2):1.

[0034] A ventilation pipe 3.4 for supplying fresh air into tank 1 is also connected to the pipe at the front end of the valve on the outlet pipe 3.8. A valve is also installed on the ventilation pipe 3.4. The ventilation pipe 3.4 is used to supply fresh air into tank 1 to maintain a suitable dissolved oxygen environment inside tank 1. When the ceramsite filter media is severely polluted and the effluent water quality deteriorates, it can be used as an air backwash inlet to blow in a large flow of air for a short time to perform air scrubbing on the ceramsite filter media.

[0035] A backwash inlet 3.5 is provided on the side wall of tank 1, corresponding to the bottom side of the packing area 3. A backwash drain pipe 3.7 is connected to the pipe at the front end of the valve on the inlet pipe 3.3, and a valve is also installed on the backwash drain pipe 3.7. The backwash inlet 3.5 is connected to the external water supply equipment, and in actual application, a valve for connecting to the external water supply equipment pipe is also installed at the backwash inlet 3.5. A forward wash drain pipe 3.6 is connected to the inlet pipe 3.3 at the front end of the ventilation pipe 3.4, and a valve is also installed on the forward wash drain pipe 3.6.

[0036] The backwash inlet 3.5 is used to deliver backwash water to the packing zone 3. When the ceramic filter media is severely polluted and the effluent quality deteriorates, the packing zone 3 can be backwashed quickly with a large volume of water in a short time. The backwash water is discharged through the backwash drain pipe 3.7. During forward washing, the inlet pipe 3.3 is used to deliver flushing water, and the forward wash drain pipe 3.6 is used to discharge the flushing water used for each top-to-bottom flush. When the equipment is out of service for a long time, the drip filter tank is usually rinsed with clean water from top to bottom before each start-up.

[0037] The top support layer 3.1 is used to limit the top layer of ceramic filter media and prevent the ceramic filter media from being washed into the water distribution area 2 during backwashing of the trickling filter tank; the support layer 3.9 is a load-bearing structure used to support the bottom layer of ceramic filter media.

[0038] The water production zone 4 is used to collect the purified water after it has been purified by the packing zone 3. The collected water is discharged through the outlet pipe 3.8.

[0039] Multiple manholes 6 and multiple observation ports 3.2 are provided along the height direction on the tank body 1. The observation ports 3.2 are used to observe the microbial growth, filter media contamination and backwashing status inside the trickling filter tank. The manholes 6 are used to fill the ceramic granule packing material and can also be used for daily maintenance and repair.

[0040] The following section provides a further explanation of this technical solution in light of practical applications.

[0041] The parameters of a certain drip filter tank are as follows: Design surface hydraulic load 3m. 3 / (m 2·d), with a diameter of 1.8m, a total tank height of 2.5m, and a packing zone height of 1.5m. The fine filter layer uses 5mm fly ash-based ceramsite filter media with a height of 0.75m, the fine filter layer uses 8mm fly ash-based ceramsite filter media with a height of 0.5m, and the filter layer uses 15mm fly ash-based ceramsite filter media with a height of 0.25m.

[0042] Treatment of rural sewage from a village in Liuhe District, Nanjing: Influent flow rate 6.4 m³ / h 3 / d, the main pollutant concentrations were COD 121mg / L, total phosphorus 3.5mg / L, total nitrogen 32mg / L, ammonia nitrogen 28mg / L, and SS 85mg / L; before treatment, the biological trickling filter tank had been inoculated with activated sludge from the biochemical tank of a sewage treatment plant in Qixia District, Nanjing as active bacteria, and the incubation period was about 13 days.

[0043] After treatment, the effluent from the trickling filter has the following parameters: COD 23.5 mg / L, total phosphorus 0.12 mg / L, total nitrogen 18.6 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen 4.3 mg / L, and SS 5 mg / L. Except for total nitrogen, all other indicators of the effluent meet the Class A standard of the "Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002). When this equipment is used in combination with an artificial wetland, the total nitrogen can be reduced to below 10 mg / L, achieving stable and compliant discharge.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this utility model patent. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this utility model patent, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model patent.

Claims

1. A bio-trickling filter filled with ceramsite filter media, characterized in that, It includes a tank body, which contains, from top to bottom, a water distribution area, a filling area, and a water production area that are separated by a top support layer and a supporting layer but are interconnected; the inlet pipe and outlet pipe of the tank body are respectively connected to the top and bottom of the tank body. The inlet of the water inlet pipe is lower than the top of the tank, while the outlet of the water outlet pipe is higher than the bottom of the tank. A valve and a flow meter are installed on the inlet pipe, and a valve is also installed on the outlet pipe. A ventilation pipe for supplying fresh air into the tank is also connected to the pipe located at the front end of the valve on the water outlet pipe, and a valve is also installed on the ventilation pipe. A self-rotating water distributor connected to the inlet pipe is installed in the water distribution area to evenly distribute the sewage entering through the inlet pipe to the packing area; on the self-rotating water distributor, along the direction from the rotation center of the water distribution pipe to the edge of the water distribution pipe, the distance between two adjacent sprayers on the pipe body gradually decreases. The packing zone is filled with ceramic filter media with microbial biofilm, used to purify wastewater evenly distributed within the packing zone; the packing zone includes a fine filter layer, a fine filter layer, and a coarse filter layer distributed from top to bottom with a filling height ratio of (2-4):(1-2):

1. The ceramic filter media filled in the fine filter layer has a particle size of 3-5mm, the ceramic filter media filled in the fine filter layer has a particle size of 5-8mm, and the ceramic filter media filled in the coarse filter layer has a particle size of 1-2cm. The water production area is used to collect the purified water from the packing area, and the collected water is discharged through the outlet pipe.

2. A bio-trickling filter filled with ceramsite filter media according to claim 1, characterized in that, A backwash inlet is provided on the side wall of the tank corresponding to the bottom of the packing area, and a backwash drain pipe is connected to the pipe at the front end of the valve on the inlet pipe. A valve is also installed on the backwash drain pipe.

3. A bio-trickling filter filled with ceramsite filter media according to claim 2, characterized in that, A forward wash drain pipe is connected to the water inlet pipe located at the front end of the ventilation duct, and a valve is also installed on the forward wash drain pipe.

4. A bio-trickling filter filled with ceramsite filter media according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple manholes and observation ports are provided along the height of the tank.

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