Battery cell structure, secondary battery and electric equipment
By adding a serrated component to the outer surface of the battery cell protective shell to form serrated grooves for rapid heat dissipation and pressure relief, the problems of slow pressure relief and explosion-proof valve failure during battery cell thermal runaway are solved, thereby improving the safety and stability of the battery cell.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHEJIANG LIWINON ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-19
AI Technical Summary
Existing cell structures have slow pressure relief during thermal runaway, resulting in insufficient safety and stability, and explosion-proof valves are prone to failure at the end of the cycle.
A grooved component is added to the outer surface of the protective shell of the battery cell to form a grooved groove that acts as an explosion-proof valve, enabling rapid heat dissipation and pressure relief.
This improves the pressure relief speed and stability of the battery cell during thermal runaway, avoids safety issues caused by pressure relief failure, and enhances the safety and stability of the battery cell in use.
Smart Images
Figure CN224264228U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of battery technology, and in particular relates to a cell structure, a secondary battery, and an electrical device. Background Technology
[0002] With the increasing popularity of new energy vehicles, driving range has gradually become a key focus of the market. To improve the energy density of battery cells, the mainstream approach is to upgrade materials to increase the energy density of the material system. Increasing the energy density of the materials correspondingly lowers the thermal runaway temperature, significantly reducing the lower limit of the thermal runaway temperature of the battery cell. However, while this technology increases energy density, it also drastically lowers the safe trigger boundary of the battery cell, leading to frequent safety issues in new energy vehicles.
[0003] However, most existing battery cell designs improve safety by installing pressure relief valves on the cell cover. In the event of thermal runaway, these valves burst to release internal pressure. However, these valves are prone to being blocked by the winding core at the end of the cycle, leading to pressure relief failure and compromising safety. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a battery cell structure that addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies and solves the technical problem of low safety in the use of existing technologies.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0006] A battery cell structure includes a protective shell, a battery cell body, a terminal assembly, and a scoring component; the protective shell has a storage cavity; the battery cell body is disposed inside the storage cavity; one end of the terminal assembly is connected to the battery cell body; the other end of the terminal assembly is connected to the protective shell; at least one scoring component is provided on the outer surface of the protective shell away from the storage cavity.
[0007] Preferably, the scoring component includes at least one scoring groove; the scoring groove is recessed from the outside of the protective shell toward the storage cavity.
[0008] Preferably, each of the grooved grooves has a protrusion; and there is an assembly gap between the side surface of the protrusion and the inner sidewall of the grooved groove.
[0009] Preferably, the relationship between the depth t of the groove and the thickness T of the protective shell satisfies: 0.1T≤t≤0.3T.
[0010] Preferably, the distance between the end of the battery cell body facing the groove and the groove is M; M satisfies: 0.1mm≤M≤0.3mm.
[0011] Preferably, the protective shell is provided with a bottom support plate and at least two side support plates; the bottom support plate is disposed at the bottom of the protective shell; all the side support plates are sequentially connected to the two ends of the bottom support plate; and the grooved groove is disposed on the bottom support plate and / or the side support plates.
[0012] Preferably, when the groove is provided on the base plate, the distance between the groove and the protective shell in the width direction is a relationship between C1 and the width L of the protective shell, satisfying: 0.1L≤C1≤0.4L;
[0013] And / or, when the groove is provided on the side support piece, the distance of the groove from the protective shell in the length direction is a relationship between C2 and the length H of the protective shell, satisfying: 0.05H≤C2≤0.3H.
[0014] Preferably, the electrode assembly includes a first electrode connection component and a second electrode connection component; one end of the first electrode connection component is connected to the cell body; the other end of the first electrode connection component is conductively connected to the inner wall of the protective shell; one end of the second electrode connection component is connected to the cell body; the other end of the second electrode connection component passes through the inner wall of the protective shell and is insulated on the inner wall of the protective shell.
[0015] This utility model also discloses a secondary battery, including the aforementioned cell structure.
[0016] This utility model also discloses an electrical device, including the aforementioned secondary battery.
[0017] The beneficial effect of this utility model is that it adds several serrated components to the outer surface of the protective shell, which act as explosion-proof valves to enable rapid heat conduction from the protective shell to the outside and rapid pressure relief to break through the shell. This helps to solve problems such as slow pressure relief and easy failure when the battery cell triggers thermal runaway; thereby improving the safety and stability of use. Attached Figure Description
[0018] The following will refer to the appendix. Figures 1-6 This section describes the features, advantages, and technical effects of exemplary embodiments of the present invention.
[0019] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the battery cell structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0020] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery cell structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 3This is a partially enlarged view of the bottom end of the battery cell structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a battery cell structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 5 This is a partially enlarged view of the top of the battery cell structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 6 This is a partially enlarged view of the top of the battery cell structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0025] In the diagram: 1-Protective shell; 11-Cover; 12-Shell; 101-Side support piece; 102-Bottom support piece; 103-Injection hole; 104-Storage cavity; 2-Battery cell body; 3-Terminal assembly; 31-First terminal connection component; 311-First horizontal conductive sheet; 312-First vertical conductive sheet; 313-Second horizontal conductive sheet; 32-Second terminal connection component; 321-First insulating block; 322-Conductive connection plate; 323-Conductive electrode post; 324-Conductor; 325-Third horizontal conductive sheet; 326-Second vertical conductive sheet; 327-Fourth horizontal conductive sheet; 328-Second insulating block; 4-Scratched component; 41-Scratched groove; 42-Protrusion. Detailed Implementation
[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.
[0027] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.
[0028] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
[0029] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or multiple situations existing alone. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the related objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
[0030] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0031] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-6 The present invention will be described in further detail, but this is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of this utility model, the battery cell structure includes a protective shell 1, a battery cell body 2, a terminal assembly 3, and a scoring component 4; the protective shell 1 has a storage cavity 104 inside; the battery cell body 2 is disposed inside the storage cavity 104; one end of the terminal assembly 3 is connected to the battery cell body 2; the other end of the terminal assembly 3 is connected to the protective shell 1; at least one scoring component 4 is provided on the outer surface of the protective shell 1 away from the storage cavity 104.
[0033] The technical solution of this utility model adds several serrated components to the outer surface of the protective shell, which act as explosion-proof valves to enable rapid heat conduction from the protective shell to the outside and rapid pressure relief and rupture. This helps to solve problems such as slow pressure relief and easy failure when the battery cell triggers thermal runaway; thereby improving the safety and stability of use.
[0034] The battery cell body 2 includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator. The positive electrode includes a positive current collector and a positive active material layer, the latter coated on the surface of the current collector. The current collector can be made of aluminum, and the active material layer includes a positive active material, such as lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium, or lithium manganese oxide. The negative electrode includes a negative current collector and a negative active material layer, the latter coated on the surface of the current collector. The current collector can be made of copper, and the active material layer includes a negative active material, such as carbon or silicon. The separator can be made of PP (polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene).
[0035] Specifically, in some implementations, such as Figure 1 As shown, the protective shell 1 includes a shell 12 and a cover 11 connected to the shell 12; and the storage cavity 104 is formed between the cover 11 and the shell 12. In some embodiments, the shell 12 has an opening at one side; the cover 11 is detachably connected to the opening. Furthermore, the two side surfaces of the battery cell body 2 are respectively bonded to the cover 11 and the shell 12 using hot melt adhesive. This structure, with its separate cover 11 and shell 12, improves the ease of manufacturing and processing of the protective shell 1; and ensures the safety of the battery cell body 2 in use.
[0036] Specifically, in some implementations, such as Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the scoring component 4 includes at least one scoring groove 41; the scoring groove 41 is recessed from the outside of the protective shell 1 (middle shell 12) toward the storage cavity 104. In some embodiments, such as... Figure 2 As shown, there are two grooves 41, symmetrically arranged on the outer surface of the protective shell 1 (middle shell 12). This structure, through multiple grooves 41, enables heat dissipation from multiple locations on the protective shell to the outside, thereby helping to solve problems such as slow pressure relief and easy failure when the battery cell triggers thermal runaway; thus improving the safety and stability of use.
[0037] Specifically, in some implementations, such as Figure 2 and 3 As shown, each groove 41 has a protrusion 42; an assembly gap is provided between the side surface of the protrusion 42 and the inner wall of the groove 41. This structure forms an annular assembly gap with airflow circulation through the groove 41 and the protrusion 42, which further improves the rapid conduction of heat dissipation from the protective shell to the outside and enables rapid pressure relief to break through the shell. This helps to solve problems such as slow pressure relief and easy failure when the battery cell triggers thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety and stability of use.
[0038] Specifically, in some implementations, such as Figure 3As shown, the relationship between the depth t of the groove 41 and the thickness T of the protective shell 1 (middle shell 12) satisfies: 0.1T ≤ t ≤ 0.3T. When t < 0.1T, the groove is prone to cracking during the cell drop test; when t > 0.3T, the valve opening pressure is too high and cannot be released in time when the cell experiences thermal runaway. Furthermore, the length W of the groove 41 satisfies: 0.5mm ≤ W ≤ 10mm; the width N of the groove 41 satisfies: 0.5mm ≤ N ≤ 10mm. Wherein, W can be 0.5mm, 1.5mm, 2.5mm, 3.5mm, 5.5mm, 7.5mm, and 10mm, etc.; preferably 3mm. Wherein, N can be 0.5mm, 1.5mm, 2.5mm, 3.5mm, 5.5mm, 7.5mm, and 10mm, etc.; preferably 3mm. This structure, through the reasonable and appropriate size of the groove 41, ensures the structural stability of the protective shell, and allows for rapid heat conduction from the protective shell to the outside, as well as rapid pressure relief to break through the shell; thus, it helps to solve problems such as slow pressure relief and easy failure when the battery cell triggers thermal runaway; thereby improving the safety and stability of use.
[0039] Specifically, in some implementations, such as Figure 2 and 4 As shown, the distance between the end of the battery cell body 2 facing the groove 41 and the groove 41 is M; M satisfies: 0.1mm ≤ M ≤ 0.3mm. When M < 0.1mm, the battery cell body expands during charging and discharging, squeezing the groove groove and causing it to crack; when M > 0.3mm, the volumetric energy density of the battery cell is too low. M can be 0.1mm, 0.15mm, 0.2mm, 0.15mm, 0.3mm, etc.; preferably 0.1mm. This structure ensures the ease of assembly and stability of the battery cell body 2 through a reasonable and appropriate distance difference, and can improve the rapid conduction of heat from the protective shell to the outside and the ability to quickly release pressure and break through the shell; thus, it helps to solve problems such as slow pressure release and easy failure when the battery cell triggers thermal runaway; thereby improving the safety and stability of use.
[0040] Specifically, in some implementations, such as Figure 1 and 2As shown, the protective shell 1 (middle shell 12) is provided with a bottom support plate 102 and at least two side support plates 101; the bottom support plate 102 is disposed at the bottom of the protective shell 1 (middle shell 12); all the side support plates 101 are sequentially connected to the two ends of the bottom support plate 102; and the groove 41 is provided on the bottom support plate 102 and / or the side support plates 101. This structure, by adding one or more grooves 41 to the bottom support plate 102 and / or the side support plates 101, improves the rapid conduction of heat dissipation from the protective shell to the outside and enables rapid pressure relief to break through the shell; thus, it helps to solve the problems of slow pressure relief and easy failure when the battery cell triggers thermal runaway; thereby improving the safety and stability of use.
[0041] Specifically, in some embodiments, when the groove 41 is provided on the base plate 102, the distance between the groove 41 and the protective shell 1 (middle shell 12) in the width direction is related to the formula C1 and the width L of the protective shell 1 (middle shell 12), satisfying: 0.1L≤C1≤0.4L. When C1<0.1L, the groove is too close to the corner of the battery cell, and stress concentration is likely to occur when the corner is dropped; when C1>0.4L, the opening pressure of the groove is too high. This structure can ensure the stability of the overall structure through the groove 41 in a suitable position, and is conducive to solving problems such as slow pressure relief and easy failure when the battery cell triggers thermal runaway; thereby improving the safety and stability of use.
[0042] Specifically, in some embodiments, when the groove 41 is provided on the side support plate 101, the distance between the groove 41 and the protective shell 1 (middle shell 12) along the length direction is related to the relationship between C2 and the length H of the protective shell 1 (middle shell 12), satisfying: 0.05H≤C2≤0.3H. When C2<0.05H, the groove is too close to the corner of the battery cell, which can easily lead to stress concentration when the corner is dropped; when C2>0.3H, the opening pressure of the groove is too high. This structure, through the groove 41 in a suitable position, can ensure the stability of the overall structure and is conducive to solving problems such as slow pressure relief and easy failure when the battery cell triggers thermal runaway; thereby improving the safety and stability of use.
[0043] Specifically, in some implementations, such as Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the electrode assembly 3 includes a first electrode connection component 31 and a second electrode connection component 32; one end of the first electrode connection component 31 is connected to the cell body 2; the other end of the first electrode connection component 31 is electrically connected to the inner wall of the protective shell 1 (middle shell 12); one end of the second electrode connection component 32 is connected to the cell body 2; the other end of the second electrode connection component 32 passes through the inner wall of the protective shell 1 (middle shell 12) and is insulated on the inner wall of the protective shell 1 (middle shell 12).
[0044] In some implementation methods, such as Figure 2 , 5 As shown in Figure 6, the first terminal connection component 31 includes a first horizontal conductive sheet 311, a first vertical conductive sheet 312, and a second horizontal conductive sheet 313 connected in sequence; the first horizontal conductive sheet 311 and the first vertical conductive sheet 312 are inclined (specifically, vertically) together; the first vertical conductive sheet 312 and the second horizontal conductive sheet 313 are also inclined (specifically, vertically) together; and the first horizontal conductive sheet 311 is connected to the inner wall of the protective shell 1 (middle shell 12); the second horizontal conductive sheet 313 is connected to the battery cell body 2. That is, the first horizontal conductive sheet 311, the first vertical conductive sheet 312, and the second horizontal conductive sheet 313 form a U-shaped metal sheet. This structure, through a U-shaped conductive assembly method, ensures assembly stability, saves space, improves operational stability, and reduces the size of the battery cell structure.
[0045] In some implementation methods, such as Figure 2 , 5 As shown in Figure 6, the second electrode connection component 32 includes a first insulating block 321, a conductive connecting plate 322, a conductive electrode post 323, a conductor 324, and a second insulating block 328. The first insulating block 321 is connected to the inner wall of the protective shell 1 (middle shell 12). The conductive connecting plate 322 is connected to the surface of the first insulating block 321 away from the protective shell 1 (middle shell 12). One end of the conductor 324 is connected to the conductive connecting plate 322, and the other end of the conductor 324 is connected to the cell body 2. One end of the conductive electrode post 323 is connected to the conductive connecting plate 322, and the other end of the conductive electrode post 323 passes through the protective shell 1 (middle shell 12). The second insulating block 328 is connected to the outer surface of the protective shell 1 (middle shell 12) and is disposed between the protective shell 1 (middle shell 12) and the conductive electrode post 323. Further, as... Figure 5 As shown, the conductor 324 includes a third horizontal conductive sheet 325, a second vertical conductive sheet 326, and a fourth horizontal conductive sheet 327 connected in sequence; the third horizontal conductive sheet 325 is connected to the conductive connecting plate 322; the fourth horizontal conductive sheet 327 is connected to the cell body 2; and the third horizontal conductive sheet 325 and the second vertical conductive sheet 326 are inclined (specifically, perpendicular) to each other; the second vertical conductive sheet 326 and the fourth horizontal conductive sheet 327 are also inclined (specifically, perpendicular) to each other. This structure ensures assembly stability, saves space, improves operational stability, and reduces the size of the cell structure.
[0046] This utility model also proposes a secondary battery, which includes a cell structure. The specific structure of the cell structure is as described in the above embodiments. Since this secondary battery adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.
[0047] A rechargeable battery, also known as a secondary battery or accumulator, is a battery that can be recharged after being discharged, allowing the active materials to be reactivated and reused. Utilizing the reversibility of chemical reactions, a new battery can be constructed; that is, after a chemical reaction converts into electrical energy, the electrical energy can be used to repair the chemical system, and then the chemical reaction can be converted back into electrical energy. Therefore, it is called a secondary battery (rechargeable battery). The main types of rechargeable batteries on the market include nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, lead-acid (or lead-acid) batteries, lithium-ion batteries, and polymer lithium-ion batteries.
[0048] The present invention also proposes an electrical device, which includes a secondary battery. The specific structure of the secondary battery is as described in the above embodiments. Since the present electrical device adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.
[0049] The electrical equipment can include vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys, and power tools, etc. Vehicles can be gasoline-powered cars, natural gas-powered cars, or new energy vehicles; new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. Spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc. Electric toys include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Power tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools, and railway power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, and electric planers, etc. This application does not impose special limitations on the above-mentioned electrical equipment.
[0050] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style of the specification is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.
[0051] Based on the disclosure and teachings of the above specification, those skilled in the art can make changes and modifications to the above embodiments. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and any obvious improvements, substitutions, or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on this utility model are within the protection scope of this utility model. Furthermore, although some specific terms are used in this specification, these terms are only for convenience of explanation and do not constitute any limitation on this utility model.
Claims
1. A battery cell structure, characterized in that: The device includes a protective shell, a battery cell body, a terminal assembly, and a scoring component; the protective shell has a storage cavity inside; the battery cell body is disposed inside the storage cavity; one end of the terminal assembly is connected to the battery cell body; the other end of the terminal assembly is connected to the protective shell; at least one scoring component is provided on the outer surface of the protective shell away from the storage cavity.
2. The cell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scoring component includes at least one scoring groove; the scoring groove is recessed from the outside of the protective shell toward the storage cavity.
3. The cell structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the grooved grooves has a protrusion; an assembly gap is provided between the side surface of the protrusion and the inner sidewall of the grooved groove.
4. The cell structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The relationship between the depth t of the groove and the thickness T of the protective shell satisfies: 0.1T≤t≤0.3T.
5. The cell structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distance between the end of the battery cell body facing the groove and the groove is M; M satisfies: 0.1mm≤M≤0.3mm.
6. The cell structure according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The protective shell is provided with a bottom support plate and at least two side support plates; the bottom support plate is located at the bottom of the protective shell; all the side support plates are sequentially connected to the two ends of the bottom support plate; and the grooved grooves are provided on the bottom support plate and / or the side support plates.
7. The cell structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the groove is provided on the base plate, the distance of the groove from the protective shell in the width direction is related to the formula between C1 and the width L of the protective shell, which satisfies: 0.1L≤C1≤0.4L; And / or, when the groove is provided on the side support piece, the distance of the groove from the protective shell in the length direction is a relationship between C2 and the length H of the protective shell, satisfying: 0.05H≤C2≤0.3H.
8. The cell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrode assembly includes a first electrode connection component and a second electrode connection component; one end of the first electrode connection component is connected to the cell body; the other end of the first electrode connection component is conductively connected to the inner wall of the protective shell; one end of the second electrode connection component is connected to the cell body; the other end of the second electrode connection component passes through the inner wall of the protective shell and is insulated on the inner wall of the protective shell.
9. A secondary battery, characterized in that: Includes the cell structure described in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. An electrical appliance, characterized in that: Includes the secondary battery as described in claim 9.