Initial phase controllable power supply for impact closing experiment of transformer
By designing an initial phase controllable power supply system that includes a signal conditioning module and a flyback power supply, the problems of surge current recording and the large size and high price of high-power power supplies in transformer impulse closing experiments are solved, realizing miniaturized and low-cost high-power surge current measurement.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NANCHANG HANGKONG UNIVERSITY
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-19
AI Technical Summary
Existing controllable power supplies for the initial phase of transformer impulse closing tests cannot record the waveform of surge current. High-power controllable power supplies for the initial phase are expensive and bulky, and cannot meet the measurement requirements of high-power transformers.
A controllable initial phase power supply system was designed, comprising a signal conditioning module, a flyback power supply, a main control chip, a drive module, an interactive control module, a relay module, a current transformer, and an oscilloscope. The system records the surge current waveform using a built-in current transformer and a small oscilloscope, and drives the transformer using mains power as the main circuit, thereby reducing the size and cost of the device.
It enables real-time recording of surge current and output of initial phase angle, solves the problems of size and price, and provides a compact, low-cost, high-power controllable initial phase power supply for transformer impulse closing experiments.
Smart Images
Figure CN224264843U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of controllable initial phase power supply technology, specifically to a controllable initial phase power supply for transformer impulse closing experiments. Background Technology
[0002] When a transformer is closed under no-load conditions, the presence of residual magnetism and the initial phase angle of the conduction voltage may cause the transformer core to saturate, resulting in an extremely large inrush current, which can reach 6-8 times the rated current. Because it is very similar to short-circuit current, it may cause misjudgment in the relay system of the circuit, and at the same time, the inrush current can damage the equipment itself. With the introduction of high-power transformers in power systems, this phenomenon poses a significant challenge to the stable operation of the power system, making the measurement of the maximum inrush current of transformers extremely important. Existing controllable initial phase power supplies for transformer impulse closing experiments are mostly designed as inverters, mainly providing only the initial AC phase angle and unable to record the magnitude of the inrush current. Furthermore, their power is directly proportional to their size and price; low-power controllable initial phase power supplies cannot measure the inrush current of high-power transformers, while high-power controllable initial phase power supplies are expensive and bulky. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a controllable initial phase power supply for transformer impulse closing experiments, which solves the problems of existing controllable initial phase power supplies for transformer impulse closing experiments being unable to record the waveform of surge current on their own, as well as the high price and large size of high-power controllable initial phase power supplies.
[0004] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a controllable initial phase power supply for transformer impulse closing test, including a signal conditioning module, a flyback power supply, a main control chip, a drive module, an interactive control module, a relay module, a current transformer, and an oscilloscope;
[0005] The input terminal of the signal conditioning module is connected to the main circuit, and the output terminal is connected to the main control chip. It is used to condition the voltage signal input in the main circuit.
[0006] The input terminal of the flyback power supply is connected to the main circuit, and the output terminal is connected to the main control chip, the signal conditioning module, and the drive module. It is used to rectify the AC power of the main circuit into DC power to supply power to the main control chip, the signal conditioning module, and the drive module.
[0007] The main control chip is connected to the signal conditioning module, flyback power supply, drive module and interactive control module, and is used to process the voltage signal input by the signal conditioning module and calculate and obtain the phase angle information related to the voltage signal.
[0008] The drive module is also connected to the main control chip and the relay module, and is used to receive the drive signal from the main control chip and drive the relay module.
[0009] The interactive control module is connected to the main control chip and is used to interact with the user;
[0010] The DC port of the relay module is connected to the drive module, and the AC port is connected to the main circuit, which is used to execute the control instructions of the main control chip.
[0011] The current transformer is used to measure the magnitude of the surge current in the main circuit. The wiring of the main circuit passes through the current transformer and is connected to the transformer. The output terminal of the current transformer is connected to the oscilloscope.
[0012] Furthermore, the signal conditioning module includes a power supply chip, a current source, a linear regulator, an isolation amplifier, and an operational amplifier. The output terminal of the power supply chip is connected to the input terminal of the current source, the input terminal of the isolation amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the current source, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the operational amplifier and the output terminal of the linear regulator.
[0013] Furthermore, the power chip isolates the voltage signal input to the flyback power supply and outputs the isolated voltage signal to power the current source, linear regulator, isolation amplifier, and operational amplifier. The current source forms two output terminals, denoted as port S1 and port S2, through an external Zener diode and voltage divider resistor, and generates a sine wave at ports S1 and S2. The input terminal of the isolation amplifier is connected to ports S1 and S2, and the output terminal of the isolation amplifier, denoted as port S3, is connected to the input terminal of the operational amplifier and the output terminal of the linear regulator. The linear regulator filters and transforms the voltage signal input to the main circuit through an external capacitor. The output voltage is regulated by an external circuit composed of capacitors and then connected to port S3 to power the operational amplifier. The output terminal of the operational amplifier is denoted as port S4.
[0014] Furthermore, the flyback power supply includes a rectifier module, a transformer induction module, a feedback module, and a control module. The rectifier module rectifies the AC power in the main circuit into DC power. The first output terminal of the rectifier module is denoted as S5, and the second output terminal is denoted as S6. The transformer induction module transforms the DC power output from the rectifier module and supplies power to the main control chip, signal conditioning module, and drive module. The input terminal of the transformer induction module is connected to the first output terminal S5 and the second output terminal S6 of the rectifier module, and it can output two sets of voltages. One output terminal of the first set of voltages is denoted as S7, and the other output terminal is connected to… The first voltage source is used to power the control module. The second voltage source, after being regulated and filtered, serves as the output power supply for the feedback module and the signal conditioning module. The feedback module is used to feed the output voltage back to the control module. The first input terminal of the feedback module is denoted as S8, the second input terminal is denoted as VCC, and it is connected to the transformer induction module. The first output terminal is denoted as S9, and the second output terminal is grounded. The control module is used to adjust the conduction and shutdown of the internal switching transistors according to the signal fed back from the feedback module, thereby controlling whether the primary side of the transformer induction module is conducting. The control module is connected to the rectifier module, the transformer induction module, and the feedback module.
[0015] Furthermore, the interactive control module includes a display screen, an encoder, and buttons, all of which are connected to the main control chip.
[0016] Furthermore, the driving module is a dual MOS driving module, comprising two parallel MOS transistors, wherein the gates of the two MOS transistors are connected to the main control chip, the sources are connected to the flyback power supply, and the drains are connected to the relay module.
[0017] Furthermore, the relay module is a solid-state relay module, used to control whether the transformer is turned on or off.
[0018] Furthermore, the output terminal of the current transformer is connected in parallel with a resistor and then connected to an oscilloscope. The resistor is used to convert the current into voltage, which is convenient for oscilloscope measurement.
[0019] Furthermore, the oscilloscope is a small dual-channel oscilloscope. Channel one of the oscilloscope is connected to the transformer, and channel two is connected to the resistor at the output terminal of the current transformer, which is used to monitor the magnitude of the surge current and the phase angle of the closing at the moment of closing.
[0020] The beneficial technical effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0021] (1) This utility model solves the problem that the existing controllable power supply for the initial phase of the transformer impulse closing experiment cannot record the waveform of the surge current by itself through the built-in current transformer and small oscilloscope. It can output AC voltage with initial phase angle and record the voltage and the surge current caused by the voltage.
[0022] (2) This utility model uses the main circuit as the main circuit. By sampling the main circuit and driving the transformer with the main circuit, it solves the problem that the power and volume of the controllable power supply for the initial phase of the transformer impulse closing experiment are proportional to the price. By setting up the flyback power supply, the circuit integration is increased, and there is no need to set up an additional DC interface, so that the device is smaller in size. It achieves a small, low-priced, and high-power controllable power supply for the initial phase of the transformer impulse closing experiment. Attached Figure Description
[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0025] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the rectifier module of the flyback power supply in an embodiment of this utility model;
[0026] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the transformer induction module of the flyback power supply in an embodiment of this utility model;
[0027] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the feedback module of the flyback power supply in an embodiment of this utility model;
[0028] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the control module of the flyback power supply in an embodiment of this utility model;
[0029] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the interactive control module in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of the driving module in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of the relay module in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the main control chip in an embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation
[0033] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of the present utility model; however, the present utility model may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore, the present utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0034] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art described herein. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this patent application specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an” or “a” and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms “connected” or “linked” and similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms “upper,” “lower,” “left,” “right,” etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, which change accordingly when the absolute position of the described object changes.
[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, a controllable initial phase power supply for transformer impulse closing test includes a signal conditioning module, a flyback power supply, a main control chip U6, a drive module, an interactive control module, a relay module, a current transformer, and an oscilloscope.
[0036] The input terminal of the signal conditioning module is connected to the main circuit, and the output terminal is connected to the main control chip U6. It is used to condition the voltage signal input to the main circuit.
[0037] The input terminal of the flyback power supply is connected to the main circuit, and the output terminal is connected to the main control chip U6, the signal conditioning module, and the drive module. It is used to rectify the AC power of the main circuit into DC power to supply power to the main control chip U6, the signal conditioning module, and the drive module.
[0038] The main control chip U6 is connected to the signal conditioning module, flyback power supply, drive module and interactive control module. It is used to process the voltage signal input by the signal conditioning module and calculate and obtain the phase angle information related to the voltage signal.
[0039] The drive module is also connected to the main control chip U6 and the relay module, and is used to receive the drive signal from the main control chip U6 to drive the relay module.
[0040] The interactive control module is connected to the main control chip U6 and is used to interact with the user.
[0041] The DC port of the relay module is connected to the drive module, and the AC port is connected to the main circuit, used to execute the control commands of the main control chip U6.
[0042] The current transformer is used to measure the magnitude of the surge current in the main circuit. The wiring of the main circuit passes through the current transformer and is connected to the transformer. The output terminal of the current transformer is connected to the oscilloscope.
[0043] The signal conditioning module includes a power supply chip, a current source, a linear regulator, an isolation amplifier, and an operational amplifier. The output terminal of the power supply chip is connected to the input terminal of the current source, the input terminal of the isolation amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the current source, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the operational amplifier and the output terminal of the linear regulator. The power chip isolates the voltage signal input to the flyback power supply and outputs the isolated voltage signal to power the current source, linear regulator, isolation amplifier, and operational amplifier. The current source forms two output terminals, denoted as ports S1 and S2, through an external Zener diode and voltage divider resistor, generating sine waves at ports S1 and S2. The input terminal of the isolation amplifier is connected to ports S1 and S2, and its output terminal, denoted as port S3, is connected to the input terminal of the operational amplifier and the output terminal of the linear regulator. The linear regulator filters and transforms the voltage signal input to the main circuit through an external capacitor. The output voltage, after being regulated by an external circuit composed of capacitors, is connected to port S3 to power the operational amplifier, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier is denoted as port S4. The circuit structure of the signal conditioning module in this embodiment is the same as the rectifier module structure disclosed in the invention patent with publication number CN118538572B, and will not be described again here.
[0044] The flyback power supply includes a rectifier module, a transformer induction module, a feedback module, and a control module. The rectifier module rectifies the AC power in the main circuit into DC power. The first output terminal of the rectifier module is denoted as S5, and the second output terminal is denoted as S6. The transformer induction module transforms the DC power output from the rectifier module and supplies power to the main control chip U6, the signal conditioning module, and the drive module. The input terminal of the transformer induction module is connected to the first output terminal S5 and the second output terminal S6 of the rectifier module, and it can output two sets of voltages. One output terminal of the first set of voltages is denoted as S7, and the other output terminal is grounded. The first voltage group is used to power the control module. The second voltage group, after being regulated and filtered, serves as the output power supply for the feedback module and the signal conditioning module. The feedback module is used to feed the output voltage back to the control module. The first input terminal of the feedback module is denoted as S8, the second input terminal is denoted as VCC, and it is connected to the transformer induction module. The first output terminal is denoted as S9, and the second output terminal is grounded. The control module is used to adjust the conduction and shutdown of the internal switching transistors according to the signal fed back from the feedback module, thereby controlling whether the primary side of the transformer induction module is conducting. The control module is connected to the rectifier module, the transformer induction module, and the feedback module.
[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, the rectifier module includes a second varistor RV2, an eighth capacitor C8, a rectifier bridge D5, a fifth inductor L5, a second inductor L2, a ninth capacitor C9, a first resistor R1, a sixteenth capacitor C16, and a sixth diode D6. Mains power is supplied from terminal P3. The second varistor RV2 and the eighth capacitor C8 are connected in parallel and then connected to the input terminal of the rectifier bridge D5. The second varistor RV2 and the eighth capacitor C8 are used to eliminate external electromagnetic interference. The two output terminals of the rectifier bridge D5 are connected in series with the fifth inductor L5 and the second inductor L2, respectively, further eliminating electromagnetic interference through the fifth inductor L5 and the second inductor L2. One end of the ninth capacitor C9 is connected to the fifth inductor L5, and the other end is connected in series with the second inductor L2 and then grounded. The first resistor R1 is connected in series with the cathode of the sixth diode D6. The other end of the first resistor R1 serves as the first output terminal S5 of the rectifier module, and leads out the rectified DC voltage Vbus. The anode of the sixth diode D6 serves as the second output terminal S6 of the rectifier module. The sixteenth capacitor C16 is connected in parallel with the first resistor R1. The first resistor R1, the sixth diode D6, and the sixteenth capacitor C16 form an RCD circuit to eliminate voltage spikes. In this embodiment of the invention, the rectifier bridge D5 is of model MB10F. The 220V AC mains power is rectified by the rectifier bridge D5 and converted into 311V DC power.
[0046] like Figure 3As shown, the transformer induction module includes a three-winding transformer T1, a first diode D1, an eleventh resistor R11, a sixth capacitor C6, a tenth capacitor C10, a third diode D3, an eighth resistor R18, a seventh capacitor C7, a second capacitor C2, a fourth inductor L4, a fourteenth capacitor C14, and a fourth capacitor C4. The three-winding transformer T1 can output two sets of voltages. One side of the three-winding transformer T1 has a first winding and a second winding, and the other side has a third winding. The first winding, i.e., ports 5 and 3 of the three-winding transformer T1, is connected to the first output terminal S5 and the second output terminal S6 of the rectifier module, respectively. The first diode D1 and the eleventh resistor R11 are connected in series, with one end serving as the output terminal S7 of the first voltage group. The other end is connected to the second winding, i.e., port 2 of the three-winding transformer T1. The sixth capacitor C6 and the tenth capacitor C10 are connected in parallel, with one end connected to output terminal S7 and the other end connected to the second winding, i.e., port 1 of the three-winding transformer T1. Port 1 of the three-winding transformer T1 is connected to ground as the other output terminal of the first voltage group. The first diode D1, the eleventh resistor R11, the sixth capacitor C6, and the tenth capacitor C10 function as rectification and filtering, processing the voltage across the second winding to power the control module. One end of the third winding, i.e., port 10 of the three-winding transformer T1, is grounded. The other end of the third winding, i.e., port 9 of the three-winding transformer T1, is connected to the anode of the third diode D3. The eighth resistor R18 and the seventh capacitor C7 are connected in parallel to the third diode D3. The third diode D3, the eighth resistor R18, and the seventh capacitor C7 form an RCD circuit to eliminate voltage spikes. One end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the cathode of the third diode D3, and the other end is grounded. The fourth inductor L4 is connected in series with the fourteenth capacitor C14, and then in parallel with the second capacitor C2. The fourth capacitor C4 is connected in parallel with the fourteenth capacitor C14. The LCL network composed of the second capacitor C2, the fourth inductor L4, the fourteenth capacitor C14, and the fourth capacitor C4 eliminates ripple in the output voltage. In this embodiment of the invention, the first diode D1 is a BAV21W, and the third diode D3 is an SB10100.
[0047] like Figure 4As shown, the feedback module includes an optocoupler U4, a twelfth resistor R12, a fourteenth resistor R14, a thirteenth resistor R13, a seventeenth resistor R17, a fifteenth resistor R15, a fifth capacitor C5, and a voltage reference chip U3. Port 4 of the optocoupler U4 serves as the first output terminal S9 of the feedback module, and port 3 serves as the second output terminal grounded. Its input terminal is connected in parallel with the fourteenth resistor R14, with one end (port 1) connected in series with the twelfth resistor R12, and the other end (port 2) connected to the thirteenth resistor R13 and the voltage reference chip U3. The other end of the twelfth resistor R12 serves as the first input terminal S8 of the feedback module. One end of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected to the thirteenth resistor R13, and the other end is connected to the seventeenth resistor R17. The other end of the seventeenth resistor R17 serves as the second input terminal VCC of the feedback module. One end of the fifteenth resistor R15 is connected to the fifth capacitor C5 and port 1 of the voltage reference chip U3, and port 3 of the voltage reference chip U3 and one end of the fifteenth resistor R15 are grounded. In this embodiment of the invention, the optocoupler U4 is a PC817A, and the voltage reference chip U3 is a TL431KB-TP. The second input terminal VCC of the feedback module is also connected to the VIN pin of the power supply chip in the signal conditioning module. When the output voltage of the second input terminal VCC of the feedback module changes, the voltage across the fifteenth resistor R15 also changes. This reduces the current at ports 1 and 2 of the optocoupler U4 via the voltage reference chip U3, grounding port 3 and outputting the voltage fluctuation information at the second input terminal VCC of the feedback module from port 4, which is then transmitted to the control module.
[0048] like Figure 5As shown, the control module includes a flyback regulator chip U1, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a twelfth capacitor C12, a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, a third capacitor C3, an eleventh capacitor C11, and a first capacitor C1. Ports 2 and 4 of the flyback regulator chip U1 are connected to output terminal S7 and the second output terminal S6 of the rectifier module, respectively. One end of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 connected in series is connected to the DC voltage Vbus, and the other end is grounded. One end of the twelfth capacitor C12 is connected to the series connection point of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4, and then to port 7 of the flyback regulator chip U1. The other end of the twelfth capacitor C12 is grounded. One end of the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 connected in parallel is connected to port 5 of the flyback regulator chip U1, and the other end is grounded. One end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to port 8 of the flyback regulator chip U1, and the other end is grounded. One end of the eleventh capacitor C11 is connected to the first output terminal S9 of the feedback module and port 1 of the flyback regulator chip U1, and the other end is grounded. One end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded, and the other end is connected to the ground GND of the flyback power supply output voltage. Port 6 of the flyback regulator chip U1 is grounded. In this embodiment of the invention, the flyback regulator chip U1 is model HF500-15. The third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4, and the twelfth capacitor C12 provide overvoltage protection; the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 provide overcurrent protection; the third capacitor C3 is used for internal voltage comparison; port 4 of the flyback regulator chip U1 controls the energization of ports 5 and 3 of the three-winding transformer T1; the voltage output from output terminal S7 powers the flyback regulator chip U1; and the first capacitor C1 eliminates electromagnetic interference. The flyback regulator chip U1 controls the conduction of ports 2 and 3 of the three-winding transformer T1 through voltage fluctuations across the fifteenth resistor R15, thereby controlling the second set of voltages output by the transformer induction module.
[0049] like Figure 6As shown, the interactive control module includes a display screen U7, an encoder U8, and a button SW. All three components are connected to the main control chip U6. In this embodiment, the display screen U7 is an OLED display, and the encoder U8 is an EC11 rotary encoder. The VCC and GND pins of the display screen U7 are connected to an external DC voltage VCC and ground, respectively, while the SCL and SDA pins are connected to the main control chip U6. The VCC and GND pins of the encoder U8 are connected to the second input terminal VCC of the feedback module and ground, respectively. The EC11_A and EC11_B pins are connected to the main control chip U6, and the EC11_C pin is left floating. One end of the button SW is grounded, and the other end is connected to the main control chip U6. The display screen U7 establishes a connection with the main control chip U6 via IIC. The main control chip U6 executes the input commands of the encoder U8 using an external interrupt method, and the button SW is used to control whether the main control chip U6 enters the closing state.
[0050] like Figure 7 As shown, the driving module is a dual MOS driving module, used to avoid the main control chip U6 having insufficient output power to fully meet the requirements of the solid-state relay module (SSR). The driving module includes two parallel MOS transistors, wherein the gates of the two MOS transistors are connected to the main control chip U6, the sources are connected to the second input terminal VCC of the feedback module in the flyback power supply, and the drains are connected to the relay module.
[0051] like Figure 8 As shown, the relay module is a solid-state relay module. The solid-state relay module (SSR) used in this embodiment is a four-port SSR, where IN is the input terminal, i.e., the DC terminal of the SSR; the positive input terminal is denoted as IN+, and the negative input terminal as IN-. The positive input terminal IN+ is connected to the drains of the two MOSFETs in the drive module, and the negative input terminal IN- is connected to the ground (GND) of the flyback power supply output voltage. OUT is the output terminal, i.e., the AC terminal of the SSR. Resistor R0 is a current-limiting resistor. An optocoupler electrically isolates the input and output circuits. The main body of the single-silicon anti-parallel module consists of two anti-parallel diodes, which can conduct when receiving an optocoupler signal. The anti-parallel structure ensures that the circuit remains open even with AC input. The solid-state relay module (SSR) is a DC-AC type solid-state relay module (SSR) with an input voltage of 3~32V DC and an output voltage of 24~480V AC.
[0052] The main control chip U6 is typically a microcontroller or a PLC. In this embodiment of the invention, the main control chip U6 is as follows: Figure 9As shown, the main control chip U6 is an STCM32F103C8T6 integrated chip. The 5V pin and GND pin are connected to the second input terminal VCC and ground of the feedback module, respectively. The PA0 pin is connected to the output terminal S4 of the operational amplifier in the signal conditioning module. The PA1 pin is connected to the gate of the MOSFET in the driver module. The PA2 pin is connected to the button terminal of the button SW. The PA6 pin is connected to the EC11_A pin of the encoder U8. The PA7 pin is connected to the EC11_B pin of the encoder U8. The PB9 pin is connected to the SDA pin of the display U7. The PB8 pin is connected to the SCL pin of the display U7.
[0053] The output terminal of the current transformer is connected in parallel with a resistor and then connected to an oscilloscope. The resistor is used to convert the current into voltage for easy measurement by the oscilloscope. At the moment the solid-state relay is driven, a large current is generated in the main circuit due to the presence of the transformer. At this time, the current transformer can induce a current at its output terminal. This embodiment uses a 600A / 5A current transformer, meaning it can sense a maximum input current of 600A and output a current of 5A. A resistor is connected in parallel at the output terminal of the current transformer to convert the current into voltage for easy measurement by the oscilloscope.
[0054] To facilitate observation of the initial phase of the AC voltage and the magnitude of the surge current, the oscilloscope in this embodiment is a dual-channel oscilloscope. Channel one is connected in parallel across the load to observe the initial phase angle of the AC voltage, with the vertical axis range adjusted to 100V per division. Channel two is connected in parallel across the output resistor of the current transformer to observe the voltage generated by the surge current across the load, with the vertical axis range adjusted to 100mV per division. The observed voltage is then analyzed using the formula... I surge =1200* U detec To calculate the magnitude of the surge current, where I surge Surge current, in amperes (A). U detec The voltage across the resistor is expressed in volts (V).
[0055] This utility model embodiment solves the problem that existing controllable power supplies for transformer impulse closing experiments cannot record the waveform of surge current by themselves through the built-in current transformer and a small oscilloscope. It can output an AC voltage with an initial phase angle and record the voltage and the surge current caused by the voltage. With the mains power as the main circuit, it samples the mains power and drives the load with the mains power. It solves the problem that the power and size of existing controllable power supplies for transformer impulse closing experiments are proportional to the price. It achieves a controllable power supply for transformer impulse closing experiments that is small in size, low in price, and high in power.
[0056] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A controllable initial phase power supply for a transformer impulse closing experiment, characterized in that, It includes a signal conditioning module, flyback power supply, main control chip, driver module, interactive control module, relay module, current transformer and oscilloscope; The input terminal of the signal conditioning module is connected to the main circuit, and the output terminal is connected to the main control chip. It is used to condition the voltage signal input in the main circuit. The input terminal of the flyback power supply is connected to the main circuit, and the output terminal is connected to the main control chip, the signal conditioning module, and the drive module. It is used to rectify the AC power of the main circuit into DC power to supply power to the main control chip, the signal conditioning module, and the drive module. The main control chip is connected to the signal conditioning module, flyback power supply, drive module and interactive control module, and is used to process the voltage signal input by the signal conditioning module and calculate and obtain the phase angle information related to the voltage signal. The drive module is also connected to the main control chip and the relay module, and is used to receive the drive signal from the main control chip and drive the relay module. The interactive control module is connected to the main control chip and is used to interact with the user; The DC port of the relay module is connected to the drive module, and the AC port is connected to the main circuit, which is used to execute the control instructions of the main control chip. The current transformer is used to measure the magnitude of the surge current in the main circuit. The wiring of the main circuit passes through the current transformer and is connected to the transformer. The output terminal of the current transformer is connected to the oscilloscope.
2. The controllable initial phase power supply for transformer impulse closing experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal conditioning module includes a power supply chip, a current source, a linear regulator, an isolation amplifier, and an operational amplifier. The output terminal of the power supply chip is connected to the input terminal of the current source, the input terminal of the isolation amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the current source, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the operational amplifier and the output terminal of the linear regulator.
3. The controllable initial phase power supply for transformer impulse closing experiment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power chip isolates the voltage signal input to the flyback power supply and outputs the isolated voltage signal to power the current source, linear regulator, isolation amplifier, and operational amplifier. The current source forms two output terminals, denoted as port S1 and port S2, through an external Zener diode and voltage divider resistor, and generates a sine wave at ports S1 and S2. The input terminal of the isolation amplifier is connected to ports S1 and S2, and the output terminal of the isolation amplifier, denoted as port S3, is connected to the input terminal of the operational amplifier and the output terminal of the linear regulator. The linear regulator filters and transforms the voltage signal input to the main circuit through an external capacitor. The output voltage is regulated by an external circuit composed of capacitors and then connected to port S3 to power the operational amplifier. The output terminal of the operational amplifier is denoted as port S4.
4. The controllable initial phase power supply for transformer impulse closing experiment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The flyback power supply includes a rectifier module, a transformer induction module, a feedback module, and a control module. The rectifier module rectifies the AC power in the main circuit into DC power. The first output terminal of the rectifier module is denoted as S5, and the second output terminal is denoted as S6. The transformer induction module transforms the DC power output from the rectifier module and supplies power to the main control chip, signal conditioning module, and drive module. The input terminal of the transformer induction module is connected to the first output terminal S5 and the second output terminal S6 of the rectifier module, and it can output two sets of voltages. One output terminal of the first set of voltages is denoted as S7, and the other output terminal is grounded. The second voltage group, after being regulated and filtered, serves as the output power supply for the feedback module and signal conditioning module. The feedback module feeds the output voltage back to the control module. Its first input is denoted as S8, its second input as VCC, and it is connected to the transformer induction module. Its first output is denoted as S9, and its second output is grounded. The control module adjusts the conduction and shutdown of its internal switching transistors based on the signal from the feedback module, thereby controlling the conduction of the primary side of the transformer induction module. The control module is connected to the rectifier module, the transformer induction module, and the feedback module.
5. The controllable initial phase power supply for transformer impulse closing experiment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The interactive control module includes a display screen, an encoder, and buttons, all of which are connected to the main control chip.
6. The controllable initial phase power supply for transformer impulse closing experiment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The driving module is a dual MOS driving module, which includes two MOS transistors connected in parallel. The gates of the two MOS transistors are connected to the main control chip, the sources are connected to the flyback power supply, and the drains are connected to the relay module.
7. The controllable initial phase power supply for transformer impulse closing experiment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The relay module is a solid-state relay module, used to control whether the transformer is conducting or not.
8. The controllable initial phase power supply for transformer impulse closing experiment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The output terminal of the current transformer is connected in parallel with a resistor and then connected to an oscilloscope. The resistor is used to convert the current into voltage, which is convenient for oscilloscope measurement.
9. The controllable initial phase power supply for transformer impulse closing experiment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The oscilloscope is a small dual-channel oscilloscope. Channel one of the oscilloscope is connected to the transformer, and channel two is connected to the resistor at the output terminal of the current transformer. It is used to monitor the magnitude of the surge current and the phase angle of the closing at the moment of closing.