Wind turbine generator yaw system auxiliary power supply device based on super capacitor

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a super-capacitor-based auxiliary power supply device for a yaw system of a wind turbine generator. The device comprises a main circuit; the main circuit comprises a wind turbine generator main power supply, a charging module, a super capacitor module, a yaw motor driving module and a yaw motor which are connected in sequence; the charging module is used for converting alternating current supplied by a main power supply of the wind turbine generator into direct current; the super capacitor module is used for storing direct current and providing electric energy for the yaw motor driving module; and the yaw motor driving module is used for converting the electric energy into a driving signal required by a yaw motor. According to the utility model, auxiliary power supply is provided for the yaw motor through the super capacitor module, the problem of insufficient power supply of the yaw system of the wind turbine generator set under the instantaneous high-power requirement is effectively solved, and the response speed and the stability of the yaw system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wind power generation technology, and in particular to an auxiliary power supply device for the yaw system of a wind turbine based on a supercapacitor. Background Technology

[0002] The yaw system is a crucial component of a wind turbine generator. Its primary function is to adjust the rotation of the nacelle, which in turn drives the rotor blades, ensuring the rotor remains aligned with the incoming wind direction to maximize wind energy capture. The performance of the yaw system directly impacts the power generation efficiency and operational stability of the wind turbine. A stable and reliable power supply is essential for the yaw system to ensure a rapid and precise response to changes in wind direction.

[0003] Currently, wind turbine yaw systems are primarily powered by either the power grid or batteries. While grid power is simple, fluctuations or faults in the grid voltage can cause the yaw system to malfunction, affecting the operational safety of the wind turbine. Battery power suffers from slow charging and discharging rates, making it difficult to meet the rapid response requirements of the yaw motor under extreme wind speeds. Furthermore, batteries have a short cycle life and high maintenance costs. Both of these power supply methods suffer from slow response and insufficient reliability.

[0004] With the rapid development of wind power technology, higher demands are being placed on the response speed and stability of yaw systems. Existing technologies cannot meet these requirements, necessitating a new power supply solution to address these issues. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides an auxiliary power supply device for the yaw system of a wind turbine based on a supercapacitor.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0007] An auxiliary power supply device for the yaw system of a wind turbine based on a supercapacitor, comprising a main circuit;

[0008] The main circuit includes a wind turbine main power supply, a charging module, a supercapacitor module, a yaw motor drive module, and a yaw motor connected in sequence. The charging module is used to convert the AC power supplied by the wind turbine main power supply into DC power. The supercapacitor module is used to store DC power and provide power to the yaw motor drive module. The yaw motor drive module is used to convert the power into the drive signal required by the yaw motor.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, the following improvements can be made:

[0010] Furthermore, the device also includes a power management module for monitoring the charging and discharging status of the supercapacitor module.

[0011] Furthermore, the device also includes a protection module, which is used to provide overcurrent, overvoltage, and overtemperature protection for the supercapacitor module.

[0012] Furthermore, the charging module includes a rectifier circuit, a filter circuit, and a DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit connected in sequence; the rectifier circuit adopts a three-phase bridge fully controlled rectifier circuit to convert the AC power of the wind turbine main power supply into pulsating DC power; the filter circuit adopts an LC filter composed of capacitors and inductors to convert the pulsating DC power into smooth DC power; the DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit adopts a bidirectional DC / DC converter circuit to output a voltage matched to the supercapacitor module.

[0013] Furthermore, the supercapacitor module includes multiple supercapacitor cells connected in parallel.

[0014] Furthermore, the yaw motor drive module includes an inverter circuit and a control circuit. The inverter circuit adopts a full-bridge inverter circuit topology to convert the DC power provided by the supercapacitor module into AC power. The control circuit is used to control the working state of the inverter circuit.

[0015] Furthermore, the power management module includes a voltage detection unit and a current detection unit; the voltage detection unit is used to monitor the voltage of the supercapacitor module in real time, and the current detection unit is used to monitor the current of the supercapacitor module in real time.

[0016] Furthermore, the protection module includes an overvoltage protection circuit, an overcurrent protection circuit, and a short-circuit protection circuit; the supercapacitor module is connected to the yaw motor drive module through a switching transistor, and the overvoltage protection circuit, overcurrent protection circuit, and short-circuit protection circuit are connected between the supercapacitor module and the switching transistor.

[0017] In summary, compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following technical effects:

[0018] This invention proposes an auxiliary power supply device for the yaw system of a wind turbine based on a supercapacitor. This device utilizes the high power output and fast charging and discharging characteristics of the supercapacitor to provide auxiliary power to the yaw system. It can provide a stable current output under instantaneous high power demand, thereby improving the response speed and stability of the yaw system. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a general structural block diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is the main circuit diagram in the overall structure block diagram;

[0021] Figure 3 This is the AC / DC circuit diagram in the main circuit;

[0022] Figure 4 This is the DC / DC circuit diagram in the main circuit;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the supercapacitor module in the main circuit;

[0024] Figure 6 This is the DC / AC circuit diagram in the main circuit;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a diagram of the power management module; Figure 8 This is a diagram of the charging logic structure of the supercapacitor in the power management module;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a discharge logic structure diagram of the supercapacitor in the power management module;

[0027] Figure 10 It is the protection module diagram in the overall structure block diagram. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The principles and features of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 An auxiliary power supply device for a wind turbine yaw system based on a supercapacitor is disclosed, comprising a main circuit, a power management module, and a protection module. The main circuit includes a wind turbine main power supply, a charging module, a supercapacitor module, a yaw motor drive module, and a yaw motor connected in sequence. The charging module converts the AC power supplied by the wind turbine main power supply into DC power. The supercapacitor module stores DC power and outputs electrical energy when the wind turbine yaw system requires power. The yaw motor drive module converts the electrical energy provided by the supercapacitor module into the drive signal required by the yaw motor. The power management module monitors the charging and discharging status of the supercapacitor module and controls the connection between the supercapacitor module and the yaw motor drive module. The protection module provides overcurrent, overvoltage, and overtemperature protection for the supercapacitor module.

[0030] This embodiment uses a supercapacitor module to provide auxiliary power to the yaw motor, which effectively solves the problem of insufficient power supply to the yaw system of the wind turbine under instantaneous high power demand, and improves the response speed and stability of the yaw system.

[0031] Reference Figure 2The main circuit logic of this embodiment is explained as follows: When the yaw motor is in a non-working state or a low power demand state, the main power supply of the wind turbine provides AC power to charge the supercapacitor through rectification, filtering and transformation; when the grid voltage fluctuates abnormally, the frequency fluctuates abnormally or there is a power outage during the start-up or operation of the yaw motor, the supercapacitor supplies power to the yaw motor through the yaw motor drive module.

[0032] In this embodiment, the charging module converts the AC power supplied by the wind turbine's main power source into DC power to charge the supercapacitor module. It includes a rectifier circuit, a filter circuit, and a DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit connected in sequence. The input of the rectifier circuit is connected to the wind turbine's main power source. The rectifier circuit is a three-phase bridge fully controlled rectifier circuit, used to convert the AC power from the wind turbine's main power source into pulsating DC power. The output of the rectifier circuit is connected to the input of the filter circuit. The filter circuit uses an LC filter composed of capacitors and inductors to convert the pulsating DC power into smooth DC power. The output of the filter circuit is connected to the input of the DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit. The output of the DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit is connected to the supercapacitor module. The DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit ensures that the output voltage matches the voltage requirements of the supercapacitor module. The DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit is a bidirectional DC / DC converter. Both the rectifier circuit and the DC-DC converter circuit are triggered by PWM.

[0033] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 The three-phase bridge fully controlled rectifier circuit includes six thyristors (VT1-VT6), grouped into three bridge arms based on common cathode and common anode configurations. The common cathode group includes thyristors VT1, VT3, and VT5, with their anodes connected to three-phase sinusoidal AC power. The common anode group includes thyristors VT4, VT6, and VT2, with their cathodes connected to three-phase sinusoidal AC power.

[0034] Three-phase sinusoidal alternating current (AC) Ua, Ub, and Uc are input and connected to different arms of a rectifier bridge. Through a rectifier bridge composed of six thyristors, the AC is converted into pulsating DC output via a specific triggering sequence. The LC filter is an inductive load consisting of an inductor L and a resistor R. The specific triggering sequence is VT1→VT2→VT3→VT4→VT5→VT6→VT1 (cycle), with a 60° phase difference between the trigger pulses of adjacent thyristors. The trigger pulses of the common-cathode group and the common-anode group are sequentially 120° apart, and the trigger pulses of the upper and lower arms of the same phase are 180° apart. This sequence and phase coordination ensures that two thyristors are conducting at any given time, achieving the conversion from three-phase AC input to DC output.

[0035] Reference Figure 4This is a bidirectional DC / DC converter circuit, including inductor L2, capacitors C2 and C3, and MOSFET switches Q1 and Q2, to achieve bidirectional power transfer and voltage regulation between two DC voltages U1 and U2. One end of inductor L2 is connected to the positive terminal of the input voltage U1, and the other end serves as an intermediate connection point, connected to the source of MOSFET switch Q1, the drain of MOSFET switch Q2, the anode of diode D1, and the cathode of diode D2. The drain of MOSFET switch Q1 is connected to the positive terminal of voltage U2, and its source is connected to inductor L2. Simultaneously, the anode of diode D1 is connected to the source of Q1, and its cathode is connected to the drain of Q1. The drain of MOSFET switch Q2 is connected to inductor L2, and its source is connected to the negative terminals of voltages U1 and U2. Simultaneously, the anode of diode D2 is connected to the source of Q2, and its cathode is connected to the drain of Q2. Capacitor C3 is connected in parallel across the input voltage U1, and capacitor C2 is connected in parallel across the output voltage U2 to stabilize the output voltage and reduce the impact of load fluctuations.

[0036] In the bidirectional DC / DC converter circuit, inductor L2 is responsible for energy storage and transfer, capacitors C2 and C3 are used for filtering and voltage regulation, MOSFET switches Q1 and Q2 are switched on and off by PWM control, and diodes D1 and D2 freewheel in the circuit when the switches are off, ensuring energy release and continuous current from the inductor. In this embodiment, a DC-DC converter is used from left to right. During buck conversion, MOSFET switch Q1 is on / off at high frequency, and MOSFET switch Q2 is normally off. During the on-state of MOSFET switch Q1, U1 stores energy in the inductor through inductor L2 and the MOSFET switch Q1 circuit. During the off-state of MOSFET switch Q1, inductor L2 supplies power to U2 and capacitor C2 through diode D2. The output U2 = U1 × D (D is the duty cycle of Q1). During boost conversion, MOSFET switch Q2 is on / off at high frequency, and MOSFET switch Q1 is normally off. During the on-state of MOSFET switch Q2, U1 stores energy in the inductor through inductor L2 and the MOSFET switch Q2 circuit. During the off-state of MOSFET switch Q2, the inductor and U1 are connected in series and supply power to U2 and capacitor C2 through diode D1. The output U2 = U1 / (1-D) (D is the duty cycle of Q2). By controlling the on / off state and duty cycle of the switches, the buck-boost conversion from U1 to U2 can be flexibly realized.

[0037] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 5 The supercapacitor module is composed of multiple supercapacitor cells connected in parallel, which can increase the capacity. Each supercapacitor cell has a rated voltage of 2.7V and a capacity of 3000F; the total capacity is selected based on the power requirements of the wind turbine's yaw system. The supercapacitor cells are connected via copper busbars or high-current wires to ensure low internal resistance and high reliability.

[0038] In this embodiment, the yaw motor drive module includes an inverter circuit and a control circuit. The inverter circuit is used to convert the DC power provided by the supercapacitor module into AC power; the control circuit is used to control the working state of the inverter circuit.

[0039] Specifically, the inverter circuit adopts a full-bridge inverter circuit topology, consisting of six power switching transistors (MOSFETs connected in anti-parallel with diodes). The switching transistors are controlled by pulse width modulation (PWM) technology to convert DC power into AC power.

[0040] Reference Figure 6 The inverter circuit adopts a full-bridge inverter topology. The DC power supply +Ud is filtered by capacitor C1 and then formed by six sets of switching devices with anti-parallel diodes (Da-Df) in the form of VTa-VTd, VTb-VTe, and VTc-VTf. By controlling the switching devices in the bridge arm, DC can be inverted into three-phase AC and output from the three output ports a, b, and c. Resistors R5, R6, and R7 are connected in series to power the yaw motor. The anti-parallel diodes can provide freewheeling current for the inductive load when the switching devices are turned off, ensuring circuit stability.

[0041] Conduction process: Between 0° and 60°, VTa and VTe conduct, and the current flows from the positive terminal of the DC bus through VTa to point a, and then from point b through VTe back to the negative terminal, forming a current path a→b; Between 60° and 120°, VTb and VTf conduct, and the current flows from the positive terminal through VTb to point b, and then from point c through VTf back to the negative terminal, forming a current path b→c; Between 120° and 180°, VTc and VTd conduct, and the current flows from the positive terminal through VTc to point c, and then from point a through VTd back to the negative terminal, forming a current path c→a. Between 180° and 240°, VTd and VTb are on, reversing the current direction. The current flows from the negative terminal through VTb to point b, then from point a back to the positive terminal through VTd, forming a current path from b to a. Between 240° and 300°, VTe and VTc are on, with the current flowing from the negative terminal through VTc to point c, then from point b back to the positive terminal through VTe, forming a current path from c to b. Between 300° and 360°, VTf and VTa are on, with the current flowing from the negative terminal through VTa to point a, then from point c back to the positive terminal through VTf, forming a current path from a to c. This cycle repeats continuously. By controlling the on-time and sequence of the six switching devices, a three-phase AC voltage waveform with a 120° phase difference is generated at the three output terminals a, b, and c, thus converting the DC power supply into three-phase AC power.

[0042] The controller circuit uses PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) technology to control the switching transistors, converting direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC). The output frequency and voltage of the inverter circuit are adjusted according to the requirements of the yaw motor. The controller circuit uses a microcontroller or digital signal processor (DSP) to achieve intelligent control. The microcontroller receives instructions from the wind turbine's main control system and generates PWM signals to control the inverter circuit.

[0043] In this embodiment, the power management module includes a voltage detection unit and a current detection unit. The voltage detection unit is used to monitor the voltage of the supercapacitor module in real time, and the current detection unit is used to monitor the current of the supercapacitor module in real time.

[0044] Specifically, refer to Figure 7 The voltage detection unit uses a voltage divider circuit and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to detect voltage. The voltage divider circuit consists of two resistors R2 and R4 connected in series, which divides the high voltage of the supercapacitor module into a low voltage for detection by the ADC and transmission to the control unit.

[0045] Pressure division formula: ; For the high voltage output of the supercapacitor module, For low voltage. Select appropriate R2 and R4 to make .

[0046] Reference Figure 7 The current sensing unit is implemented using a current sensing resistor and an operational amplifier. The current sensing resistor is connected in series at the output of the supercapacitor module, and the current is calculated by measuring the voltage drop across the current sensing resistor; the operational amplifier amplifies the weak voltage signal and transmits it to the control unit.

[0047] The current sensing resistor R3 is connected in series at the output terminal of the supercapacitor module. Its resistance is very small, and the current... I The voltage drop V1 generated when the current flows through it is equal to I ×R3. The differential amplifier is used to amplify the small voltage difference across the current sensing resistor, and the output voltage is V2=G× I ×R3, where G is the gain of the differential amplifier.

[0048] Furthermore, the power management module also includes a control unit, which is used to receive voltage signals and current signals, and according to... Figure 8 and Figure 9 The diagram shows the control of the charging and discharging of the supercapacitor module.

[0049] Reference Figure 8 Before charging and discharging, supercapacitors must undergo an initialization phase, which consists of the following two steps:

[0050] Initialize the parameters of the supercapacitor: the upper charging voltage Vcharge-max, the lower charging voltage Vcharge-min, the rated voltage Vrated, the upper charging current Icharge-max, the lower charging current Icharge-min, the discharge cut-off voltage Vdischarge-min, the overcurrent protection threshold Iovercurrent, the overtemperature protection threshold Toverhead, the supercapacitor voltage Vcap (i.e., V in the voltage detection section)

[0063] ), and the current Icap (i.e., I in the current detection section).

[0051] Perform a self-check on the entire circuit: whether the supercapacitor module is connected properly, whether there are problems such as short circuits or open circuits in the lines, whether the voltage sensor, current sensor, and temperature sensor are working properly, and whether they can collect data.

[0052] Refer to Figure 8 , the charging logic of the supercapacitor module is as follows:

[0053] Judge: T charge-min ≤ T cap ≤ T charge-max

[0054] If the condition is not met, perform overtemperature protection.

[0055] If the condition is met, make the next judgment: V cap<V charge-min

[0056] If the condition is not met, perform overvoltage protection.

[0057] If the condition is met, make the next judgment: V cap<V rated / 2 or V rated / 2 ≤ V cap<V charge-max;

[0058] When Vcap<Vrated / 2, charge in the constant current mode with Icharge-max.

[0059] When V rated / 2 ≤ V cap<V charge-max, switch to charging in the constant voltage mode with V charge-max.

[0060] If the condition is met, make the next judgment: Vcap=Vcharge-max and I charge< 0.05Icharge-max;

[0061] If the condition is not met, loop and continue charging;

[0062] If the condition is met, the charging is completed and ended.

[0063] Refer to Figure 9The discharge logic of the supercapacitor module is as follows:

[0064] Determine: T charge-min ≤ T cap ≤ T charge-max

[0065] If the conditions are not met, over-temperature protection will be activated.

[0066] If the condition is met, proceed to the next step: Vcap > Vcharge - min

[0067] If the conditions are met, discharge is initiated, and Vcap is monitored in real time, and the cycle is repeated.

[0068] If the conditions are not met, the discharge will stop and the process will end.

[0069] In this embodiment, the protection module is used to implement overcurrent, overvoltage, and overtemperature protection for the supercapacitor module. It includes an overvoltage protection circuit, an overcurrent protection circuit, and a short-circuit protection circuit. The supercapacitor module is connected to the inverter circuit through a switching transistor, and the overvoltage protection circuit, overcurrent protection circuit, and short-circuit protection circuit are connected between the supercapacitor module and the switching transistor.

[0070] The protection module is used to prevent abnormal conditions such as overvoltage, overcurrent, and short circuits, ensuring the safe operation of the system. (Refer to...) Figure 10 The overvoltage protection circuit is connected between the voltage divider circuit and the inverter circuit in the power management module. The supercapacitor module obtains voltage after voltage division by the voltage divider circuit. After the reference threshold voltage of the TL431 reference source is compared with that of the comparator LM358, if the voltage exceeds the threshold, the connection between the supercapacitor module and the inverter circuit is disconnected through the switching transistor, and the overvoltage protection is activated.

[0071] The overcurrent protection circuit is connected between the current sensing resistor and the inverter circuit in the power management module. Based on the voltage drop across the sampling resistor obtained from the current sensing circuit and the preset threshold, it is compared with the comparator LM393. When there is an overcurrent, the output is high, and the connection between the supercapacitor module and the inverter circuit is disconnected through the switching transistor, thus activating the overcurrent protection.

[0072] Short circuit protection is achieved using a fuse to prevent damage to the equipment. Over-temperature protection is implemented when Tcap > Toverheat, cutting off the circuit, dissipating heat, and triggering an over-temperature alarm; if abnormal sensor data / no data output is detected, it immediately switches to the backup sensor, issues an alarm signal, suspends charging and discharging operations, and awaits maintenance.

[0073] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An auxiliary power supply device for the yaw system of a wind turbine based on a supercapacitor, characterized in that, Including the main circuit; The main circuit includes a wind turbine main power supply, a charging module, a supercapacitor module, a yaw motor drive module, and a yaw motor connected in sequence; the charging module is used to convert the AC power supplied by the wind turbine main power supply into DC power; the supercapacitor module is used to store DC power and provide power to the yaw motor drive module. The yaw motor drive module is used to convert the electrical energy into the drive signal required by the yaw motor.

2. The auxiliary power supply device for the yaw system of a wind turbine based on a supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device also includes a power management module, which is used to monitor the charging and discharging status of the supercapacitor module.

3. The auxiliary power supply device for the yaw system of a wind turbine based on a supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device also includes a protection module, which is used to protect the supercapacitor module from overcurrent, overvoltage, and overtemperature.

4. The auxiliary power supply device for the yaw system of a wind turbine based on a supercapacitor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The charging module includes a rectifier circuit, a filter circuit, and a DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit connected in sequence. The rectifier circuit adopts a three-phase bridge fully controlled rectifier circuit to convert the AC power from the wind turbine's main power supply into pulsating DC power. The filter circuit uses an LC filter composed of capacitors and inductors to convert the pulsating DC power into smooth DC power. The DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit adopts a bidirectional DC / DC converter circuit to output a voltage that matches the supercapacitor module.

5. The auxiliary power supply device for the yaw system of a wind turbine based on a supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supercapacitor module comprises multiple supercapacitor cells connected in parallel.

6. The auxiliary power supply device for the yaw system of a wind turbine based on a supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The yaw motor drive module includes an inverter circuit and a control circuit. The inverter circuit adopts a full-bridge inverter circuit topology and is used to convert the DC power provided by the supercapacitor module into AC power. The control circuit is used to control the working state of the inverter circuit.

7. The auxiliary power supply device for the yaw system of a wind turbine based on a supercapacitor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power management module includes a voltage detection unit and a current detection unit; the voltage detection unit is used to monitor the voltage of the supercapacitor module in real time, and the current detection unit is used to monitor the current of the supercapacitor module in real time.

8. The auxiliary power supply device for the yaw system of a wind turbine based on a supercapacitor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The protection module includes an overvoltage protection circuit, an overcurrent protection circuit, and a short-circuit protection circuit; the supercapacitor module is connected to the yaw motor drive module through a switching transistor, and the overvoltage protection circuit, overcurrent protection circuit, and short-circuit protection circuit are connected between the supercapacitor module and the switching transistor.

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