A pneumatic pipeline axially layered silo unblocking device

Abstract

This utility model discloses a pneumatically layered silo unblocking device, comprising a silo with at least one radar level gauge installed at the top, a main pipeline, and a silo wall-assisted flow pipeline assembly. One end of the main pipeline is connected to the outlet of an air tank, and the inlet of the air tank is connected to the output end of an air compressor. A branch main pipeline is provided along the side of the silo from bottom to top at the outlet end of the main pipeline. The silo wall-assisted flow pipeline assembly comprises 3-5 layers of horizontally arranged flow-assisted pipelines surrounding the outer wall of the silo, with each layer spaced apart. Each layer of flow-assisted pipeline is evenly distributed into four segments circumferentially. Each segment of flow-assisted pipeline is vertically connected to a branch main pipeline via a branch pipe. Multiple nozzles are installed at intervals on each segment of flow-assisted pipeline, and the nozzles penetrate the silo wall and extend into the interior. This utility model employs an axially layered pressure design to significantly increase the energy density of the bottom layer. The axially layered pressure gradient can better match the material density, improve the utilization rate of air kinetic energy, and enhance the unblocking effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of powder storage unblocking technology, specifically a pneumatic pipeline axially layered unblocking device for material storage. Background Technology

[0002] Due to the combined effects of material properties, silo structure, and other factors, it is difficult for bulk materials to achieve uniform and orderly gravity flow within containers. In most cases, material flows locally along the gravity center formed by the discharge port, significantly reducing the effective volume of the silo. The main reason for this phenomenon is the blockage caused by material arching, bridging, and clumping within the silo. Many existing technologies employ pneumatic unblocking and flow-aiding methods. For example, Chinese patent CN219688131U discloses a silo cleaning device for a pyramidal silo. This device uses a ring-shaped airflow path and nozzles arranged on the silo wall to inject compressed air into the silo to resolve blockages. However, this patent uses a uniform pressure design, which cannot match the density gradient distribution of the material within the silo. This results in insufficient unblocking energy at the bottom layer and wasted energy at the top layer (high density at the bottom, loose at the top). Furthermore, a single blowing pressure may cause high flowability at the top layer and low or no flowability at the bottom layer, leading to turbulent material flow and unsatisfactory unblocking results. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a silo unblocking device with an axially layered arrangement of pneumatic pipelines. The axial layered pressure design significantly improves the energy density of the bottom layer. The pressure gradient of the axial layering can better match the density of the material, improve the utilization rate of air kinetic energy, and improve the unblocking effect, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a pneumatic pipeline axially layered silo unblocking device, comprising a silo, at least one radar level gauge installed on the top of the silo, and a main pipeline and a silo wall flow-aiding pipeline group. One end of the main pipeline is connected to the outlet of a gas tank, and the inlet of the gas tank is connected to the output end of an air compressor. A branch main pipeline is provided along the side of the silo from bottom to top at the outlet end of the main pipeline. The silo wall flow-aiding pipeline group comprises 3-5 layers of horizontally arranged flow-aiding pipelines surrounding the outer wall of the silo, with an axial spacing of 1.2-1.5m between each layer of flow-aiding pipelines. Each layer of flow-aiding pipelines is evenly distributed into four sections along the circumference. Each section of flow-aiding pipeline is vertically connected to a branch main pipeline through a branch pipe. 4-6 nozzles are installed at intervals on each section of flow-aiding pipeline, and the nozzles penetrate the silo wall and extend 50-80mm into the interior.

[0005] Preferably, an electric ball valve and a check valve are connected in series between the outlet end of the gas tank and the inlet end of the main pipeline.

[0006] Preferably, the installation angle of the nozzles satisfies the following conditions: the spray axis of the bottom nozzle is parallel to the bin wall and pointing downwards; from the bottom to the top, the angle between the spray axis of each two adjacent nozzles and the bin wall increases by 10 to 15°.

[0007] Preferably, the number of radar level gauges installed is set according to the size of the silo: when the side length or diameter of the silo is less than 6m, 1-2 radar level gauges are installed; when the side length or diameter of the silo is greater than or equal to 6m, 2-4 radar level gauges are installed and evenly distributed.

[0008] Preferably, the nozzle end has a duckbill-shaped structure, the valve opening width is 15-20mm, and a rubber duckbill valve is embedded inside.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0010] This pneumatic pipeline axial layered silo unblocking device adopts an axial layered pipeline nozzle arrangement structure, whose pressure gradient can better match the density of the material, resulting in a significant increase in the energy density of the bottom layer. The overall unblocking efficiency is significantly improved compared with the traditional pressure equalization arrangement, and the utilization rate of air kinetic energy is improved. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0012] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the axial layering and segmentation of this utility model;

[0013] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the main pipe, branch pipe, and silo wall flow aid pipe of this utility model;

[0014] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle installation angle of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the duckbill-shaped nozzle structure of this utility model.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Silo; 2. Radar level gauge; 3. Air compressor; 4. Air tank; 5. Electric ball valve; 6. Check valve; 7. Main pipeline; 7′, Branch main pipeline; 8. Silo wall flow aid pipeline assembly; 9. Branch pipe; 10. Electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve; 11. Pressure transmitter; 12. High-speed pulse solenoid valve; 13. Nozzle; 15. Rubber duckbill valve. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] Please see Figure 1-5 This embodiment provides a silo unblocking device for a pneumatic pipeline with axially layered arrangement, including a silo 1. A radar level gauge 2 is installed on the top of the silo 1. The number of radar level gauges 2 installed is set according to the size of the silo 1: when the side length or diameter of the silo 1 is less than 6m, 1 to 2 radar level gauges 2 are installed at the center of the inlet of the silo 1; when the side length or diameter of the silo 1 is greater than or equal to 6m, 2 to 4 radar level gauges 2 are installed. The material level height at the installation position is representative and evenly distributed. The radar level gauges 2 display the material status in the silo 1, which facilitates subsequent adjustment of the axially layered pipeline and nozzles.

[0019] The pneumatic pipeline axially layered silo unblocking device of this utility model also includes a main pipeline 7 and a silo wall flow-aiding pipeline group 8. One end of the main pipeline 7 is connected to the air outlet of the air tank 4. An electric ball valve 5 and a check valve 6 are connected in series at the air outlet end of the air tank 4 and the air inlet end of the main pipeline 7. The electric ball valve 5 is used to cut off the flow of air from the air source equipment and the subsequent pipeline. The check valve 6 is used to prevent backflow. The volume of the air tank 4 is preferably 10 to 15 cubic meters. When the installation space is limited, two or more units can be connected in parallel. The air inlet of the air tank 4 is connected to the output end of the air compressor 3. The air compressor 3 is a screw air compressor with a rated working pressure of 2.5 MPa. The loading pressure and unloading pressure are adjustable.

[0020] In this embodiment, a branch main pipe 7' is provided at the outlet end of the main pipe 7 along the side of the silo 1 from bottom to top. A silo wall flow aid pipe group 8 is provided on the silo wall of the silo 1. The silo wall flow aid pipe group 8 includes 3 to 5 layers of flow aid pipes A, B, C, and D arranged horizontally around the outer wall of the silo. The axial spacing between each layer of flow aid pipes is 1.2 to 1.5 m. Each layer of flow aid pipes is evenly distributed in 4 sections along the circumference (e.g., Figure 2(Sections A-1, A-2, A-3, and A-4), each of the flow-aiding pipes is perpendicularly connected to the main branch pipe 7′ via a branch pipe 9. To increase the blowing force of the entire pneumatic pipeline, pressure regulating components can be installed in the pipeline. Specifically, pressure regulating components can be installed on branch pipes 9. Pilot-operated electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valves 10 and pressure transmitters 11 are connected in series on each branch pipe 9. The control accuracy of the electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valves 10 is ±0.5%FS. Specifically, the pressure settings of the electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valves 10 are as follows: the outlet pressure of the bottom layer is set to 2.0~2.5MPa, the top layer is set to 0.8~1.0MPa, and the pressure setting of the middle layers decreases arithmetically according to the pressure difference between the bottom layer and the top layer. The pressure of the nth layer = bottom layer pressure - (n-1)×tolerance, and the tolerance = (bottom layer pressure - top layer pressure) / (number of layers - 1). For example, the pressure of the first layer flow aid pipe A is set to 2.5MPa, the pressure of the second layer flow aid pipe B is set to 2.0MPa, the pressure of the third layer flow aid pipe C is set to 1.5MPa, and the pressure of the fourth layer flow aid pipe D is set to 1.0MPa.

[0021] In the above embodiment, nozzles 13 are installed in the openings of the wall panel of the silo 1. The nozzles 13 penetrate the silo wall and extend into the interior by 50-80mm. 4-6 nozzles 13 are installed at intervals on each section of the flow aid pipe. The spacing between adjacent nozzles 13 is preferably 600-1000mm. The end of the nozzle 13 is forged into a duckbill shape. The opening width of the duckbill valve is 15-20mm. A rubber duckbill valve 15 is embedded inside the nozzle 13, and the two are interference-fitted. The installation angles of nozzles 13 at each layer meet the following conditions: the spray axis of the bottom nozzle 13 is parallel to the silo wall and points downwards; from the bottom to the top, the angle between the spray axis of nozzles 13 and the silo wall increases by 10-15° between each adjacent two layers; for example, all nozzles 13 of the first layer flow aid pipe A are parallel to the silo wall with the nozzles pointing downwards; all nozzles 13 of the second layer flow aid pipe B form a 15° angle with the silo wall with the nozzles pointing downwards; all nozzles 13 of the third layer flow aid pipe C form a 30° angle with the silo wall with the nozzles pointing downwards; and all nozzles 13 of the fourth layer flow aid pipe D form a 45° angle with the silo wall with the nozzles pointing downwards. Larger angles result in faster velocity decay but wider coverage, suitable for loose materials at the top of silo 1; smaller angles maintain higher velocity and impact force, suitable for dense areas at the bottom of silo 1.

[0022] In this embodiment, the nozzle 13 is connected to each section of the flow-aiding pipe via a connecting pipe. To improve the injection effect, a high-speed pulse solenoid valve 12 can be installed on the connecting pipe. The response time of the high-speed pulse solenoid valve 12 is less than 50ms. In practical use, the high-speed pulse solenoid valve 12 and the electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 10 can be connected to the controller to achieve linkage control, thereby realizing synchronous regulation of pressure and flow. Specifically, pressure regulation is achieved through a PID controller. The actual pressure detected by the pressure transmitter 11 is compared with the set pressure, the deviation value is calculated, and the opening of the electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 10 is adjusted according to the magnitude of the deviation. For example, when the pressure of a certain layer is detected to be lower than the set value (e.g., 2.0MPa), the PID controller automatically increases the opening of the electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 10 to quickly restore the pressure. Flow regulation can be achieved through pulse width modulation (PWM). By adjusting the switching time ratio (duty cycle) of the high-speed pulse solenoid valve 12, the total amount of gas injected is controlled. For example, in the case of severe blockage, the injection time is set to 5 seconds with a 30-second interval to ensure that the high-pressure gas fully impacts the compacted material. The PID controller ensures that the pressure of each layer is precisely matched to the set value, and the PWM controller synchronously adjusts the airflow injection duration. The two work together to achieve efficient blockage removal with "stable pressure and on-demand flow". This adjustment method is common in existing technologies. The difference is that the axially layered flow aid pipes in this embodiment can better match the density of the material by combining the axially layered flow aid pipe structure with the nozzle settings, thereby improving the utilization rate of air kinetic energy and improving the blockage removal effect.

[0023] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0024] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pneumatic pipeline axial stratified arrangement of silo unblocking device, comprising a silo (1), the top of the silo (1) is installed at least one radar level gauge (2), characterized in that: It also includes a main pipe (7) and a silo wall flow aid pipe group (8). One end of the main pipe (7) is connected to the outlet of the gas tank (4), and the inlet of the gas tank (4) is connected to the output end of the air compressor (3). The outlet end of the main pipe (7) is provided with a branch main pipe (7′) from bottom to top along the side of the silo (1). The silo wall flow aid pipe group (8) includes 3-5 layers of flow aid pipes arranged horizontally around the outer wall of the silo (1). The axial spacing between each layer of flow aid pipes is 1.2-1.5m. Each layer of flow aid pipes is evenly distributed into four sections along the circumference. Each section of flow aid pipe is vertically connected to the branch main pipe (7′) through a branch pipe (9). Each section of flow aid pipe is equipped with 4-6 nozzles (13) at intervals. The nozzles (13) penetrate the wall of the silo (1) and extend into the interior by 50-80mm.

2. A pneumatic pipeline axial layering arrangement of a bin unclogging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet end of the gas tank (4) and the inlet end of the main pipeline (7) are connected in series with an electric ball valve (5) and a check valve (6).

3. A pneumatic pipeline axial layering arranged bin unclogging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation angle of the nozzle (13) satisfies the following conditions: the spray axis of the bottom nozzle (13) is parallel to the bin wall and downwards; from the bottom to the top, the angle between the spray axis of each two adjacent nozzles (13) and the bin wall increases by 10 to 15°.

4. The pneumatic pipeline axially layered silo unblocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of radar level gauges (2) installed is set according to the size of the silo (1): when the side length or diameter of the silo (1) is less than 6m, 1-2 radar level gauges (2) are installed; when the side length or diameter of the silo (1) is greater than or equal to 6m, 2-4 radar level gauges (2) are installed and evenly distributed.

5. A pneumatic pipeline axially layered silo unblocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle (13) has a duckbill-shaped structure at the end, the valve opening width is 15-20mm, and a rubber duckbill valve (15) is embedded inside.

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