Composite material civil air defense door

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of civil defense door technology, specifically to a composite material civil defense door, comprising a door panel assembly, which includes a panel, a first fiber layer, and a filling layer. The panel is disposed outside the first fiber layer, and the first fiber layer is disposed outside the filling layer. The panel, the first fiber layer, and the filling layer are integrally formed. A reinforcing rib assembly is disposed on the panel to reinforce it. The reinforcing rib assembly includes a second fiber layer and an adhesive layer stacked together. The second fiber layer includes one or more of high-strength glass fiber cloth or glass fiber felt. The adhesive layer includes one or more of high-hardness unsaturated polyester resin, silica, and polyurethane foam board stacked together. The protective airtight door of this utility model reduces weight by 60%, has a simple product structure, increases production efficiency by more than 50%, facilitates subsequent transportation and on-site installation, and has good production efficiency and cost advantages.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of civil defense door technology, specifically to a composite material civil defense door. Background Technology

[0002] Civil defense, also known as civil protection, is an internationally recognized term. It refers to the government's mobilization and organization of the masses to take measures for air defense, disaster relief, and rescue operations to prevent and mitigate the harm of disasters. Civil defense doors are a type of civil defense protective equipment; they are the doors at the entrances and exits of civil defense projects. Civil defense doors are clearly classified, including ordinary single and double-leaf protective airtight doors and airtight doors, as well as single and double-leaf protective airtight doors and airtight doors with movable thresholds, among other types. However, most existing civil defense doors use steel or reinforced concrete structures, which, while possessing certain protective performance, have significant drawbacks:

[0003] On the one hand, steel doors have a high density, resulting in a single door weighing hundreds of kilograms. Transportation and installation require heavy machinery, leading to low construction efficiency and high costs. Reinforced concrete doors are even worse, with long on-site pouring cycles and poor wartime response capabilities. On the other hand, they lack corrosion resistance: steel doors are susceptible to humid environments and are prone to rusting after long-term exposure, requiring frequent maintenance and having a short service life. Reinforced concrete doors are prone to cracking due to the expansion of rusted internal steel bars, and their protective performance decreases over time. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a composite material air defense door, thereby optimizing the weight of the air defense door and increasing its protective performance.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] This utility model provides a composite material air defense door, comprising:

[0007] A door panel assembly includes a panel, a first fiber layer, and a filling layer. The panel is disposed on the outside of the first fiber layer, the first fiber layer is disposed on the outside of the filling layer, and the panel, the first fiber layer, and the filling layer are integrally formed.

[0008] A reinforcing rib assembly is disposed on the panel to reinforce the panel. The reinforcing rib assembly includes a second fiber layer and an adhesive layer stacked together. The second fiber layer includes one or more of high-strength glass fiber cloth or glass fiber mat. The adhesive layer includes one or more of high-hardness unsaturated polyester resin, silica, and polyurethane foam board stacked together.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first fiber layer comprises one or more of high-strength glass fiber cloth or glass fiber mat.

[0010] In some embodiments, the filler layer comprises a high-hardness unsaturated polyester resin base.

[0011] In some embodiments, the reinforcing rib assembly is disposed on the inner or outer side or both sides of the panel.

[0012] In some embodiments, the assembly further includes a hinge and a fastening assembly. The hinge is disposed on one side of the door panel assembly and fixed to the door frame, allowing the door panel assembly to rotate relative to the door frame via the hinge. The fastening assembly is disposed on the door panel assembly and includes a turning handle, a locking base, a locking rod, and a connecting rod. The locking base is disposed on the panel, and the locking rod is slidably disposed on the locking base and can slide horizontally back and forth along the locking base. A locking hole is provided on the door frame to mate with the locking rod, and when the locking rod is located inside the locking hole... The locking hole cooperates with the locking rod to lock and limit the door panel assembly. There are multiple locking bases, which are vertically spaced along one edge of the panel. Each locking base is equipped with a locking rod. The connecting rod is used to connect multiple locking rods. The rotary handle is located on one of the locking rods and connected to the connecting rod. When the rotary handle drives the locking rod connected to it to reciprocate in the horizontal direction, the rotary handle drives multiple locking rods to reciprocate in the horizontal direction together through the connecting rod.

[0013] In some embodiments, the connecting rod includes a first pivot, a connecting secondary rod, a second pivot, and a connecting main rod. One end of the connecting secondary rod is rotatably connected to the locking rod via the first pivot, and the other end is connected to the connecting main rod via the second pivot. An angle is formed between the connecting main rod and the connecting secondary rod.

[0014] In some embodiments, a plurality of locking bases are symmetrically distributed along the two opposite edges of the panel.

[0015] In some embodiments, the panel comprises a mesh metal plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0017] The door panel assembly in this utility model uses high-strength glass fiber filaments or fiber felt and high-hardness unsaturated polyester resin-based composite materials as the base materials. It adopts a design concept that allows for rapid assembly, designs the structure of the air defense door, and optimizes the structure of the air defense door by combining finite simulation analysis.

[0018] Specifically, this utility model utilizes a composite material vacuum adsorption process and a one-time adsorption molding method for the main body to achieve the purpose of rapid assembly of the air defense door. At the same time, it combines fiber adsorption resin molding technology to maximize the performance of the reinforcing fiber material, while greatly improving the reduction of product energy consumption and reducing production costs.

[0019] Furthermore, in terms of material structure, the glass fiber in this invention is reinforced and uses a high-hardness unsaturated polyester resin matrix to improve the hardness of the door panel assembly and reduce the material density. Simultaneously, the door panel assembly, composed of a mesh metal plate, high-strength glass fiber cloth or fiber felt, and a high-hardness unsaturated polyester resin matrix, possesses excellent flame-retardant properties. Specifically, after material performance testing and rapid assembly and evaluation of composite material airtight doors, compared with steel door products of the same specifications, the protective airtight door in this invention reduces weight by 60%, has a simpler product structure, increases production efficiency by more than 50%, facilitates subsequent transportation and on-site installation, and reduces energy consumption during the production process, resulting in significant production efficiency and cost advantages. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a front view of the overall structure of the composite material air-raid shelter door provided by this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 A three-dimensional view of the overall structure of the composite material air-raid shelter door provided by this utility model from another angle;

[0022] Figure 3 Side view of the overall structure of the composite material air defense door provided by this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the composite material door panel assembly provided by this utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of the door panel assembly in the composite material air defense door provided by this utility model.

[0026] In the diagram: 1-Door panel assembly, 11-Panel, 12-First fiber layer, 13-Filling layer, 2-Locking base, 21-Locking rod, 22-Connecting main rod, 23-Turning handle, 24-First pivot, 25-Second pivot, 26-Connecting auxiliary rod, 3-Reinforcing rib assembly, 31-Second fiber layer, 32-Adhesive layer. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model. In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or", for example, A / B can mean A or B; "and / or" in the text is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more. Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown in Figure 6, this utility model provides a composite material air-raid shelter door, comprising:

[0029] The door panel assembly 1 includes a panel 11, a first fiber layer 12, and a filling layer 13. The panel 11 is disposed on the outside of the first fiber layer 12, the first fiber layer 12 is disposed on the outside of the filling layer 13, and the panel 11, the first fiber layer 12, and the filling layer 13 are integrally formed.

[0030] A reinforcing rib assembly 3 is disposed on the panel 11 to reinforce the panel 11. The reinforcing rib assembly 3 includes a second fiber layer 31 and an adhesive layer 32 stacked together. The second fiber layer 31 includes one or more of high-strength glass fiber cloth or glass fiber mat. The adhesive layer 32 includes one or more of high-hardness unsaturated polyester resin, silica, and polyurethane foam board stacked together. The first fiber layer 12 includes one or more of high-strength glass fiber cloth or glass fiber mat. The first fiber layer 12 uses high-strength glass fiber cloth or mat to enhance the tensile strength of the panel 11 and improve its impact resistance. The filling layer 13 includes a high-hardness unsaturated polyester resin base. The filling layer 13 uses a high-hardness unsaturated polyester resin base to optimize the internal stress distribution and prevent delamination and cracking. The panel 11 includes a mesh metal plate. In the above structure, the door panel assembly 1 uses a mesh metal plate as a supporting frame. Its outer layer is covered with high-strength glass fiber cloth or fiber mat and integrally formed with the high-hardness unsaturated polyester resin base filling layer 13 through a vacuum adsorption process to form a lightweight composite panel 11.

[0031] It is worth noting that in this embodiment, the mesh metal plate is made of corrosion-resistant material, the fiber layer is laid in an orthogonal direction to enhance tensile strength, and the resin-based filling layer 13 is uniformly impregnated with fibers in a vacuum environment to eliminate air bubbles and improve the overall bonding strength. In addition, the composite materials such as the panel 11, high-strength glass fiber cloth or fiber felt, and high-hardness unsaturated polyester resin are formed by vacuum adsorption process. The combination of high-strength glass fiber cloth, resin and mesh metal plate is achieved by uniformly compacting and adsorbing the fibers onto the mesh metal plate during the vacuum adsorption process. The resin can fully impregnate the fibers, making the three bonds tighter and reducing the presence of air bubbles and voids, thereby improving the strength and durability of the panel.

[0032] Specifically, this invention uses a mesh metal plate to improve the corrosion resistance of the material and high-strength, high-modulus fibers as reinforcement to improve the mechanical properties of the composite material. Under the premise of meeting the material performance requirements, it realizes the functions of the fiber composite reinforced resin matrix composite air defense door, such as assembly and portability. The vacuum adsorption process allows this invention to maximize the performance of the reinforcing fiber material while reducing production costs and greatly improving the energy consumption of the product. Furthermore, the protective airtight door of this invention is reduced in weight by 60%, the product structure is simple, the production efficiency is increased by more than 50%, and it is convenient for the later transportation and on-site installation of the product. The energy consumption of the product production process is reduced, and it has good production efficiency and cost advantages.

[0033] In one possible implementation (not shown in the figure), the reinforcing rib assembly 3 is disposed on the inner side, outer side, or both sides of the panel 11. It is worth noting that the reinforcing rib assembly 3 in this utility model can also be disposed on the top or bottom of the panel 11. At the same time, there can be multiple reinforcing rib assemblies 3, which are distributed at intervals on the panel 11, or multiple reinforcing rib assemblies 3 are distributed crosswise on the panel 11, for example, forming a "rice" shaped structure. This application does not make specific limitations on this.

[0034] One possible implementation also includes a hinge and a fastening assembly. The hinge, not shown in the figures, is a common hinge structure. The hinge is located on one side of the door panel assembly 1 and fixed to the door frame, allowing the door panel assembly 1 to rotate relative to the door frame via the hinge. The fastening assembly is located on the door panel assembly 1 and includes a turning handle 23, a locking base 2, a locking rod 21, and a connecting rod. The locking base 2 is located on the panel 11, and the locking rod 21 is slidably located on the locking base 2 and can slide horizontally back and forth along the locking base 2. A locking hole is provided on the door frame to cooperate with the locking rod 21. When the locking rod 21 is inside the locking hole, the locking hole and the locking rod 21 cooperate to lock and limit the door panel assembly 1. Multiple locking bases 2 are vertically spaced along one edge of the panel 11, and each locking base 2 is equipped with... The door is equipped with a locking rod 21, and a connecting rod is used to connect multiple locking rods 21. A turning handle 23 is set on one of the locking rods 21 and connected to the connecting rod. When the turning handle 23 drives the locking rod 21 connected to it to reciprocate in the horizontal direction, the turning handle 23 drives multiple locking rods 21 to reciprocate in the horizontal direction together through the connecting rod. That is, the turning handle 23 drives all the locking rods 21 to reciprocate in the horizontal direction together through the connecting rod. In the above structure, the locking base 2 is welded to the edge of the panel 11. The locking rod 21 slides horizontally through the slide rail and cooperates with the pre-embedded locking hole in the door frame. The turning handle 23 drives multiple locking rods 21 synchronously through the connecting rod to ensure uniform force and good sealing when closed. In addition, the hinge is made of corrosion-resistant metal and is fixed to the side of the door panel with bolts to realize the flexible rotation of the door and the door frame.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the linkage includes a first pivot 24, a connecting secondary rod 26, a second pivot 25, and a connecting main rod 22. One end of the connecting secondary rod 26 is rotatably connected to the locking rod 21 via the first pivot 24, and the other end is connected to the connecting main rod 22 via the second pivot 25. An angle is formed between the connecting main rod 22 and the connecting secondary rod 26. The linkage adopts a pivot and angle design to reduce the locking operation resistance and improve ease of use.

[0036] In one possible implementation, multiple locking bases 2 are symmetrically distributed along the two opposite edges of the panel 11. The symmetrical distribution of the locking bases 2 balances the force on the edge of the door and avoids deformation caused by stress concentration.

[0037] When the door panel component 1 of this utility model is manufactured, the mesh metal plate is first fixed to the mold by hand, a release agent is sprayed, and then glass fiber cloth and resin-based filler layer 13 are laid in sequence. A vacuum bag is covered and vacuumed to -0.1MPa to make the resin evenly impregnated. After that, it is heated and cured at 80°C for 2 hours. After demolding, the edges are trimmed and polished.

[0038] Next, a resin-silica mixture is manually applied to the surface of the fiberglass mat, then covered with a polyurethane foam board, rolled to remove air bubbles, and left to cure initially to form the reinforcing rib assembly 3. At the same time, the reinforcing rib assembly 3 is positioned and pasted onto the panel 11.

[0039] Finally, the hinges and locking components are installed to securely mount the door panel assembly 1 to the door frame. That is, the above steps include "reinforcing material preparation - gel coat spraying - gel coat curing - reinforcing material laying - vacuum adsorption - reinforcing rib bonding - metal part installation" to assemble the whole unit.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the vacuum adsorption process includes sequentially laying a panel 11, a first fiber layer 12, and a filler layer 13, spraying a resin matrix, and compacting it in a vacuum environment.

[0041] Following the standards and methods of GB / T1446-2005, GB / T1451, GB / T1462, GB / T1463, and RFJ04-2009, this utility model has conducted relevant material performance tests and analyses. Its performance meets the material performance requirements for civil defense doors, verifying the feasibility of the molding process. Based on this, a civil defense door with specifications of 1220(5) (single leaf, door opening size 1200mm*2000mm, protection level 5) was successfully prepared. As a typical engineering prototype, it underwent design technology research, structural load simulation, and other work. Trial production of the civil defense door was also carried out, along with related experimental research and evaluation tests. The results show that the 1220(5) civil defense door meets the level 5 protection door standard set in the general civil defense engineering field (including underground rail transit facilities).

[0042] The performance test results of the composite materials used in this project are shown in the table below:

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] It can be seen that the panel 11 in this utility model has a tensile strength ≥303MPa, an elastic modulus ≥30GPa, and a bending strength ≥464MPa, which far exceeds that of traditional materials; the mesh metal layer improves corrosion resistance, has a service life of more than 50 years, has flame retardant performance with a self-extinguishing oxygen index of P30, and a heat distortion temperature ≥80℃, making it suitable for harsh environments such as high temperature and humidity.

[0046] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A composite civil air defense door, characterized in that, include: A door panel assembly includes a panel, a first fiber layer, and a filling layer. The panel is disposed on the outside of the first fiber layer, the first fiber layer is disposed on the outside of the filling layer, and the panel, the first fiber layer, and the filling layer are integrally formed. A reinforcing rib assembly is disposed on the panel to reinforce the panel. The reinforcing rib assembly includes a second fiber layer and an adhesive layer stacked together. The second fiber layer includes one or more of high-strength glass fiber cloth or glass fiber mat. The adhesive layer includes one or more of high-hardness unsaturated polyester resin, silica, and polyurethane foam board stacked together.

2. The composite material civil defense door according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first fiber layer comprises one or more of high-strength glass fiber cloth or glass fiber mat.

3. The composite material civil defense door according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filler layer comprises a high-hardness unsaturated polyester resin base.

4. The composite material air-raid shelter door according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforcing rib assembly is disposed on the inner or outer side or both sides of the panel.

5. The composite material air-raid shelter door according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes hinges and fastening components. The hinges are disposed on one side of the door panel assembly and fixed to the door frame, allowing the door panel assembly to rotate relative to the door frame via the hinges. The fastening components are disposed on the door panel assembly and include a turning handle, a locking base, a locking rod, and a connecting rod. The locking base is disposed on the panel, and the locking rod is slidably disposed on the locking base and can slide horizontally back and forth along the locking base. A locking hole is provided on the door frame to cooperate with the locking rod, and when the locking rod is located inside the locking hole, the locking mechanism is engaged. The hole engages with the locking rod to lock and limit the door panel assembly. Multiple locking bases are vertically spaced along one edge of the panel. Each locking base is fitted with a locking rod. The connecting rod connects the multiple locking rods. The rotary handle is located on one of the locking rods and connected to the connecting rod. When the rotary handle drives the connected locking rod to reciprocate horizontally, the rotary handle, through the connecting rod, drives the multiple locking rods to reciprocate horizontally together.

6. The composite material air-raid shelter door according to claim 5, characterized in that, The connecting rod includes a first rotating shaft, a connecting secondary rod, a second rotating shaft, and a connecting main rod. One end of the connecting secondary rod is rotatably connected to the locking rod through the first rotating shaft, and the other end is connected to the connecting main rod through the second rotating shaft. An angle is formed between the connecting main rod and the connecting secondary rod.

7. The composite material air-raid shelter door according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple locking bases are symmetrically distributed along the two opposite edges of the panel.

8. The composite material air-raid shelter door according to claim 1, characterized in that, The panel includes a mesh metal plate.

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